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The Rev. Edmund Jones (1702-1793), the 'Old Prophet' of the Transh, Pontypool, is a fascinating character for many reasons, not least of which is his writing on apparitions, spirits, fairies, and magic in his Geographical, Historical, and Religious Account of the Parish of Aberystruth (1779) and Relation of Apparitions of Spirits in the Principality of Wales (1780). These works were not merely written for an antiquarian purpose, but rather present a defence of Jones's deep-seated belief in these spirits' existence. On the surface, such a belief, professed so late in the eighteenth century, may seem 'unenlightened' or atavistic, but far from it, Jones's belief was consistent with his overarching cultural worldview which was set within and influenced by the environment in which he lived. This study examines that environment in an attempt to understand the contexts and formation of Jones beliefs and writings. It begins by examining the socio-economic changes occurring in eighteenth-century north-western Monmouthshire, focusing on changes in transport and communication, industry and social composition, literacy and the availability of printed word, the medical industry, and systems of charity and welfare; and the impact of these different social elements on the way in which the supernatural was conceptualized in local culture. The second section focuses on Jones's role as a religious figure involved in the eighteenth-century religious Revival and the state of religion in the area before turning to Jones's theology and how this impacted on his conceptualization of spirits and their interaction with the mundane realm. The study then turns to the intellectual environment in which Jones wrote and how his works fit with contemporary intellectual trends. Finally, the thesis examines the folkloric content of Jones's works and the ways in which all of the disparate environmental elements discussed throughout demonstrate themselves in his writings.

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In seventeenth-century France a new type of theatre was established to correspond to the ideals and taste of the dominant social group. As part of the process a particular ideal was forged for the new-style actor. Moulded by classical writings on acting and actors which suggested that the; style of serious, cultured acting operated within the same aesthetic as that of oratorical delivery, this ideal similarly identified refined acting with principles of pronuntiatio and the bienséance acceptable in contemporary formal discourse As a result of this identification no separate art of acting was considered necessary in seventeenth-century France, the rules and principles of expression of emotion in oratorical delivery being accepted as valid for serious acting. It is to these rules and. principles therefore that recourse must be made if the style of seventeenth-century acting and the approach of the actor at this period are to be appreciated. Study of seventeenth-century French treatises on oratorical delivery indicates the extent to which expression of emotion was considered to require study and practise of basic principal which would enable the speaker to evoke a particular passion by appropriately moving tones and accompanying gesture, and yet at the same time remain within a socially-acceptable range. Interpretation of seventeenth-century writings Oil actors and acting in light of these principles highlights the declamatory nature of serious acting of this period. The actor was understood to approach his role with a view to representing and thus exciting passions through effective vocal variation and suitably decorous accompanying gesture (body-language). Attention was focused upon the actor's voice, upon his moving tones and cadences, and upon the grace with which he used his body to reinforce such emotional portrayal. During the eighteenth century this conception-of acting and the style it had produced were called into question. Acting began to evolve its own aesthetic, an aesthetic based upon impersonation of character through personal identification and experience of the effects of emotion in real life. Study of rules to regulate emotional expression and imitation of the best models were abandoned in favour of cultivation of artistic sensibility: recourse to the imagination and personal sensitivity. In the process emphasis shifted from the voice to non-linguistic ways of showing feeling on the stage, and gestural expression released itself from subjection to social bienséance and enriched its range and potential. Evidence of these trends as well as fidelity to or reaction against principles of bienséance may be traced in writings on acting and delivery of the first half of the eighteenth century. At the beginning of the century acting theory was still rooted in and patterned on the model of pronuntiatio. By 1750 it had established its worth as an independent art with principles more directly based upon the dramatic experience.

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315f. / Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-06-04T15:11:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SANTOS, Fabricio Lyrio - Da catequese à civilização.pdf: 4069116 bytes, checksum: 89804631e04ae60c015dd95f995de38c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela(anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-06-04T17:42:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SANTOS, Fabricio Lyrio - Da catequese à civilização.pdf: 4069116 bytes, checksum: 89804631e04ae60c015dd95f995de38c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-04T17:42:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SANTOS, Fabricio Lyrio - Da catequese à civilização.pdf: 4069116 bytes, checksum: 89804631e04ae60c015dd95f995de38c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / CAPES / Ao longo do período colonial, diferentes concepções a respeito das populações indígenas e da catequese foram formuladas e colocadas em prática na América Portuguesa. A partir da segunda metade do século XVIII, novas diretrizes referentes a essas questões foram definidas no âmbito do reformismo ilustrado pombalino (1750-1777). A promulgação das leis de 6 e 7 de junho de 1755 e do alvará com força de lei de 8 de maio de 1758 indicavam mudanças significativas em termos da política a ser seguida e no tocante ao papel da Igreja, com consequências importantes quanto à atividade desempenhada pelo clero regular. Após a abolição da jurisdição temporal e espiritual dos religiosos sobre os índios e a transformação das aldeias em vilas, um número crescente de agentes civis e militares passou a ocupar o lugar deixado pelos religiosos, assumindo o papel de “civilizadores” dos índios. Simultaneamente, o verbo civilizar e o substantivo civilidade – presentes na legislação da década de 1750 – passaram a figurar com destaque cada vez maior no discurso colonial, deixando em segundo plano as noções de “catequese”, “conversão” e “cristianização” dos povos nativos. O propósito deste trabalho é discutir o impacto dessas mudanças na capitania da Bahia, buscando percebê-las como parte da configuração de um novo modelo político e religioso ancorado na ideia de “civilização dos índios”. Throughout the colonial period, different conceptions about the indigenous peoples and their catechesis have been formulated and put into practice in Portuguese America. From the second half of the eighteenth century, the Marquis of Pombal’s enlightened reformism (1750-1777) has placed new guidelines regarding these issues. The enactment of the laws of June 6-7, 1755 and the legal charter of May 8, 1758 pointed out significant changes in the policy to be followed as well as in the role of the Church, with important consequences on the activities of the regular clergy. After the abolition of temporal and spiritual jurisdiction of the Church over the Indians and the transformation of villages into towns, an increasing number of civilians and militaries have began to assume the role of “civilizing” the Indians. Simultaneously, to civilize and civility – recurrent terms in the 1750s legislation – became more prominent in the colonial discourse, putting aside concepts as “catechesis”, “conversion” and “Christianization” of Indians. The purpose of this dissertation is to discuss the impact of these changes in the captaincy of Bahia, considering them as part of a new political and religious model grounded in the idea of “civilization of the Indians”. / Salvador

152f. / Submitted by Hozana Azevedo (hazevedo@ufba.br) on 2013-06-05T14:57:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação final.pdf: 1565183 bytes, checksum: a9f111f965ae3a67876f9b33c7b12fb7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná(dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-06-05T15:33:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação final.pdf: 1565183 bytes, checksum: a9f111f965ae3a67876f9b33c7b12fb7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-05T15:33:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação final.pdf: 1565183 bytes, checksum: a9f111f965ae3a67876f9b33c7b12fb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / CNPq / As festas e procissões reais, sobretudo de origem religiosa, serviram à Coroa portuguesa como forte instrumento de legitimação e intensificação de seu poder, além de representar parte importante da cultura e cotidiano dos vassalos – espaço de sociabilidade, devoção e palco político privilegiado para disputas de interesses locais. Estes festejos eram organizados anualmente pelo poder político e contavam com a participação das autoridades civis e eclesiásticas e da sociedade em geral. Em vista disso, esta dissertação buscou analisar as festas e procissões reais na Cidade da Bahia (Salvador) ao longo dos séculos XVII e XVIII, objetivando compreender os usos políticos feitos pela Cora portuguesa, pelos vereadores, demais oficiais das instituições régias, irmandades e confrarias. Examinamos os meandros da organização destas cerimônias públicas, seu financiamento e os conflitos decorrentes da disposição hierárquica do cortejo, além da inserção de cada uma das festas no quadro festivo oficial da Câmara Municipal. The feasts and royal ceremonies, mainly those from religious origin, served to the Portuguese Crow as an strong instrument of legitimation and intensification of its power, as well to represent an important part of the culture of the vassalos – space of sociability, devotion and an excellent politic stage to dispute/controversy of local interests. These feasts were organized by politic power and civil and religious authorities participated on it, as well the society in general. This dissertation sought to analyze the feasts and royal processions in the City of Bahia (Salvador) during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and to understand the politic usages done by the Portuguese Crow, city councilors, and other officials of royal institutions and brotherhoods. This dissertation examines also the organization of these public ceremonies, its financing and the conflicts of precedence, and the insertion of each festival in the official calendar of the Camara of Salvador. / Salvador

179f. / Submitted by Hozana Azevedo (hazevedo@ufba.br) on 2013-06-25T13:27:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FONSECA H. G.pdf: 2242238 bytes, checksum: 33f5bd89aa76f13f663a02aecb9e0e15 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela(anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-06-27T14:59:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FONSECA H. G.pdf: 2242238 bytes, checksum: 33f5bd89aa76f13f663a02aecb9e0e15 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-27T14:59:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FONSECA H. G.pdf: 2242238 bytes, checksum: 33f5bd89aa76f13f663a02aecb9e0e15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / CNPq / O presente estudo se volta à compreensão da exploração de madeireira de construção ao norte da comarca de Ilhéus e seu avanço no final do século XVIII, em que a crise do Antigo Sistema Colonial e a Ilustração lusitana propiciaram a criação do mais forte instrumento de ingerência estatal sobre as florestas brasileiras de todo o período colonial, expresso na Carta Régia de março de 1797. No contexto da crise do Antigo Regime, as nações européias acirravam suas relações, provocando várias reformas, principalmente em suas legislações e burocracia. Assim a coroa portuguesa criou Inspetoria dos Reais Cortes (1780), seguida da Conservadoria das Matas (1797) em Ilhéus, apoiada em agentes formados na universidade de Coimbra reformada em 1772, buscando conservar o principal e mais próximo celeiro de estoques de madeiras náuticas para o seu mais importante estaleiro no Atlântico, na capital da Bahia. Embora a pressão sobre as florestas coloniais tenha se iniciado nos primórdios da colonização, a partir do terremoto em Lisboa faz-se sentir uma intensidade na utilização do recurso lenhoso e das tentativas de monopolização régia. Dentro deste contexto, a exploração de madeiras de construção criou mecanismos voltados a atingir a auto-suficiência da engenharia náutica em recursos lenhosos, envolvendo os agentes reais, as elites baianas empenhadas na exploração seletiva das florestas, provocando a escassez de espécies e o encarecimento das peças náuticas. A Terra de Tinharé, por sua vez, foi o maior alvo dos fabricantes de madeira no período, pela viabilidade que o arquipélago desempenhava do ponto de vista geográfico (rios, barras, ilhas, matas densas e populações indígenas), facilitando o escoamento e o encaminhamento de remessas através de atalhos que reduziam viagens e os custos, proporcionando menores despesas a Real Fazenda e maiores obtenções de lucros para os fabricantes. O período escolhido vai da criação da inspetoria (1780) até o ano de 1801, em que D. Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho se afasta da Secretaria de Estado dos Negócios e Domínios Ultramarinos, ficando a Conservadoria das Matas de Ilhéus sem o apoio governamental de outrora, para desempenhar sua função. Então, a idéia de floresta como fonte de riquezas ilimitadas (a fronteira aberta) é enfatizada, as idéias smithnianas e ilustradas proporcionam os argumentos contrários ao monopólio preconizado pelos agentes do Antigo Regime e o mapeamento científico dos préstimos dos vegetais auxilia no conhecimento e devastação da biodiversidade da Mata Atlântica. This study turns to the understanding of timber construction at north of the district of Ilhéus and its advancement in the late 18th century, when the crisis of the colonial system and Lusitanian Illustration spurred the creation of the strongest instrument of state intervention on Brazilian forests around the colonial period, expressed in the Royal Charter of March 1797. In the context of the crisis of the Old Regime, European nations incited their relationships, leading to several reforms, particularly regarding laws and bureaucracy. Thus the Portuguese crown established the Royal Courts Inspectorate (1780), followed by the conservatism of Forests (1797) in Ilhéus, supported by officers trained at the University of Coimbra reformed in 1772, seeking to preserve the principal and nearest stock barn of nautical wood their most important shipyard in the Atlantic at the capital of Bahia. Although the pressure on colonial forests has been initiated in the beginnings of colonization, from the Lisbon earthquake is felt at an intensity of utilization of timber resources and attempts to royal monopolization. Within this context, the exploitation of timber construction has developed mechanisms aimed at achieving self-sufficiency in wood resources in nautical engineering, involving both real and Bahian elites engaged in selective logging of forests, causing the scarcity of species and price enhancement of nautical pieces. The Tinharé´s land, in turn, was a major focus of manufacturers of wood in the period, by the strategic viability that the archipelago represented, from the standpoint of geographic (rivers, bars, islands, dense forests and indigenous peoples), both for the flow, as for the routing of remittances through shortcuts that reduced travel and costs, providing greater revenue to the Royal Treasury and higher profit-margins for manufacturers. The chosen period from creation of the province (1780) by the year 1801, when D. Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho departs from the Secretary of State for Foreign and Overseas Dominions, being the Conservatorship of the Forests of Ilhéus without government support in the past, to perform its function. So the idea of forest as a source of unlimited wealth (the open border) is emphasized, and the smithnianas´s illustrated ideas provide arguments against the monopoly advocated by officials of the Old Regime and the scientific mapping of plants helps in knowledge and destruction of Atlantic Forest´s biodiversity. / Salvador

The presented thesis originated thanks to the support of the project of Grantová agentura Jihočeské univerzity Nr. 130/2010/H (The society of Czech regions in 17th up to 20th century. The area of economical, social, cultural and religious structure of Czech regions and their transformations during the 17th-20th century). The presented thesis is dealing with, on the example of Třeboň domain, the period transformation of the institute of the rent-charge and the position of retired peasants during the 18th century on the Třeboň domain, specifically in years 1725-1735 and 1775-1785. For the research there were used two from four books of rent-charge?s contracts deposited in the Státní oblastní archiv (public regional archive) in Třeboň. There was chosen the micro historical method of the research as the basic methodological starting point for the analysis of particular cases. Also the exercise of certain lifelong strategies in the family environment in the country has become the subject of the explorational interest. The goal of this thesis was to ascertain, which circumstances influenced the origin of the rent-charge and why it was required. The analysis of chosen lifelong advancements of individual groups leaving for the retirement revealed, that in the person?s behavior in the rent-charge were reflected rooted models of behavior and action, but there was also possible to grasp even the individual strategies. It was possible to draw this conclusion even in the case of the investigation of the content aspect of the rent-charge. The research points out the difference of opportunities, which presented themselves to retired peasants and sustains, that the rent-charge did not mean the end of life, but its partial stage.