Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 27 février 2023) / Le présent mémoire propose une analyse du personnage dans le roman décadent, figure centrale du récit, afin de montrer comment les auteurs de la décadence ont tenté de renouveler le genre du roman à la fin du XIXᵉ siècle et au début du XXᵉ. À rebours de Joris-Karl Huysmans, Paludes d'André Gide et Monsieur de Phocas de Jean Lorrain présentent des entités poétiques singulières et emblématiques du courant, sur lesquelles le présent mémoire se penche. Les caractéristiques individuelles partagées par des Esseintes, le narrateur de Paludes et le duc de Fréneuse, telles que leur délicatesse, leur pessimisme ou encore leur dégoût de la société, favorisent l'apparition d'un récit de soi centré sur le personnage principal, sa sensibilité et ses réflexions subjectives. Ces dispositions particulières entraînent des conséquences sur le texte. Pour épouser le flux de pensée changeant du personnage qui est également souvent le narrateur du récit, ce dernier adopte, entre autres, une chronologie éclatée, une prose mêlant plusieurs genres ou encore une narration qui se ferme sur elle-même. Ces particularités contribuent à l'édification d'un récit de l'intériorité condamné à se replier sur lui-même et à se retrouver dans un cul-de-sac narratif. Une poétique de l'échec se dégage en effet de l'ensemble des romans de la décadence dont les racines et l'héritage sont également étudiés dans ce mémoire.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2003. / Full text to be digitised and attached to bibliographic record. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This assignment is devoted to an in depth analysis of the pro- and the contra-positions in the long-standing and costly debate about the question whether to spray with DDT or not in the fight against malaria. I argue that the dilemma whether or not to spray with DDT is born out of a political agenda, hype, exaggeration and misinformation of the first order. Radical environmentalists appear to insist that DDT is a principal contributor of environmental degradation, and the major cause of death amongst wildlife and humans. Worse still, many Western people seem to be under the impression that mosquitoes cannot cause so much human misery as purported, and that malaria is caused by some kind of plant form of life, or even a virus. The proponents of DDT, on the other hand, appear to be convinced that DDT is a saviour of humankind, and argue that the horrors associated with DDT are exaggerated and baseless, as they are not backed by scientific inquiry. Proponents of DDT also believe that anything that is overused may kill, even ordinary table salt. Inthis assignment, both of these positions are scrutinized. On the basis of an historical overview in Chapter I of the history of the use of DDT, and the emergence of the debate about DDT in the wake of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring (1962), Chapter 2 is devoted to an evaluation of seven basic arguments against the use of DDT, while in Chapter 3 six arguments for the use of DDT are weighed. In Chapter 4 a resolution of the dilemma is proposed in which a case is made for a limited use of DDT only for indoor spraying of huts and houses against malaria mosquitoes until such time as a less dangerous alternative for DDT is found that can be used as effectively in the fight against malaria. As such, this case is informed by the strong moral conviction that we cannot allow poor people of colour to die because of a general ban on the use of DDT. Further research on this ethical debate is encouraged. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie werkstuk is toegespits op 'n in-diepte analise van die pro- en kontra-posisies in die voortslepende, asook duur debat oor die gebruik van DDT al dan nie in die bekamping van Malaria. Ek argumenteer dat die dilemma rondom die vraag of DDT gebruik moet word of nie, aangewakker word deur politieke agendas, sensasie, oordrywing en foutiewe informasie van die eerste orde. Radikale omgewingsgesindes dring oënskynlik daarop aan dat die gebruik van DDT 'n hoof-oorsaak is van die agteruitgang van die omgewing, asook 'n primêre oorsaak van dood onder wild en mense. Erger nog, dit wil voorkom of heelwat Westerse mense onder die indruk is dat muskiete nie werklik soveel menslike lyding kan veroorsaak as wat voorgegee word nie, en dat malaria eerder veroorsaak word deur 'n sekere soort plantvorm van lewe, of selfs deur 'n virus. Die voorstaanders van DDT, aan die ander kant, is klaarblyklik oortuig dat DDT 'n redder van die mensdom is, en argumenteer dat die gruwels wat geassosieer word met DDT 'n grondelose oordrywing is, aangesien dit nie deur wetenskaplike ondersoek gesteun word nie. Voorstaanders van DDT glo verder dat enige stof wat in oormaat gebruik word, die dood kan veroorsaak, selfs gewone tafelsout. In hierdie werkstuk word albei hierdie posisies krities bestudeer en bespreek. Op grond van 'n historiese oorsig in Hoofstuk 1 oor die gebruik van DDT, en die ontstaan van die debat oor DDT na aanleiding van Rachel Carson se Silent Spring (1962), word Hoofstuk: 2 gewy aan 'n evaluasie van sewe basiese argumente teen die gebruik van DDT, terwyl in Hoofstuk 3 ses argumente vir die gebruik van DDT oorweeg word. In Hoofstuk 4 word 'n voorstel gemaak vir die resolusie van die dilemma deur 'n saak uit te maak vir die beperkte gebruik van DDT, nl. slegs vir binneshuise gebruik in hutte en huise teen malaria-muskiete tot tyd en wyl 'n minder gevaarlike alternatief vir DDT gevind word wat net so effektief sal wees in die stryd teen malaria. As sulks word hierdie studie gerugsteun deur die sterk morele oortuiging dat ons nie kan toelaat dat mense van kleur sterf as gevolg van 'n algemene verbod op die gebruik van DDT nie. Verdere navorsing oor hierdie etiese debat word aangemoedig.

During World War II, Lee Miller was an accredited war correspondent for Vogue magazine. Miller was trained as a surrealist photographer by Man Ray, and her wartime work, both photographic and written, is indicative of a combination of journalism and surrealism. This thesis examines Lee Miller's war correspondence within the context of Vogue magazine, establishing parallels between the photographs and writing to determine how surrealism informs it stylistically and ideologically. Using surrealist techniques of juxtaposition and an unmanipulated photographic style, and the surrealist concepts of the Marvelous and Convulsive Beauty, Miller presented the war as a surreality, or a surreal reality. This study concludes by using Miller's approach to suggest a new concept of journalistic practice: surrealist journalism.

This essay seeks to give an account of the German-Herero/Nama conflict of 1903-1907, often labelled the first genocide of the 20th century, and to address the question, whether the Namibian tribes of the Herero and Nama have the right to claim reparations from Germany. After explaining the historical narrative, a legal discussion is held which underlines the complexity of the issue, bringing in the difficulty of the definition of “genocide” as a legal term, the question of German state succession, as well as the domestic struggles of contemporary Namibian politics. With all factors taken into consideration the conclusion is reached that the question is not answerable with a simple “yes” or “no”, but must ultimately be solved in direct negotiations between the involved parties.

No one has investigated in detail the totality of Anglo-Russian relations from the Anglo-Russian Convention of 1907 to the outbreak of World War I. Those who have written on the history of the Triple Entente have tended to claim that France was the dominant partner and that her efforts pulled Great Britain and Russia together and kept them together. Britain and Russia had little in common, the standard argument asserts; their ideological and political views were almost diametrically opposed, and furthermore,they had major imperial conflicts. This dissertation tests two hypotheses. The first is that Russia and Britain were drawn together less from French efforts than from a mutual reaction to German policy. The second is that there was less political and ideological friction between Britain and Russia than previous writers have assumed. The first hypothesis has been supported in previous writings only tangentially, while the second has not been tested for the period under review. Studies of the period have been detailed studies on specific events and crises, while this investigation reviews the course of the Anglo-Russian partnership for the entire seven year period. The dissertation concludes that it was primarily the need for allies in the face of German military and economic expansion that motivated and sustained the Anglo-Russian friendship. It furthermore concludes that the ideological and political differences of the two countries were less important to their diplomatic relationship than has usually been contended, and that they were easily overcome in their mutual desire for strength against Germany. In the long run, Britain and Russia pursued diplomatic and imperial policies that were not dissimilar. Their primary needs were allies in Europe, with which to oppose the Triple Alliance, and they could both afford to overlook differences of approach and policy to achieve this strength. Expediency, not ideology, was the key to the Anglo-Russian friendship.

Humor’s effect on the audience’s relationship to the object, or speaker, of humor has often been neglected, and creating a framework by which scholars can examine how humor works to alter the relationship between audience and other fills this gap. Additionally, the definition of science fiction relies on the existence of a cognitively estranging other and under this definition, humor has not been thoroughly studied. This thesis attempts to explain how humor affects audiences cognitively, utilizing Hegel’s theory of self and other, and then applies this theoretical explanation to the field of science fiction and examines its effects. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:31:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HIS - Emilia Carnevali da Silva.pdf: 11887357 bytes, checksum: 11c6046e46e530c430f46d8f2225f38a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-11 / As its main aim, the present research intended to show how the Cearense Legion of Work (Legião Cearense do Trabalho), founded in Fortaleza by Severino Sombra, which dates back to 23rd August 1931, had a penetration within the means of working masses, being initially courted and then unified to the movement created by Plinio Salgado, the AIB. Having by reference the ultramountainous Catholicism, extremely well characterized within the works of catholic thinkers as De Bonald, De Maistre, Donoso-Cortés, who had their followers here in Brazil during the 1920s and 1930s. For instance, Jackson de Figueiredo e Alceu Amoroso Lima, being their ideas spread from the Centre D. Vital, place regularly attended by the youth official Severino Sombra, still in the Military School of Realengo, in Rio de Janeiro. The Legion was committed to resolve the social problems installed by capitalism and its reflexes such as liberalism and communism. Here relies the reason why the Catholic Church gave such a strong support to the Legion. The Legion searched for a perfect day to day and it tried to overcome the conflicts between the capital and the work. In order to accomplish this last task, the Legion elaborated strategies encompassed in a speech composed by images that talked about another possible world through the creation of organisms responsible for coordinating social relations (such a parallel can be found in the Medieval Age). In this sense, it was elaborated the establishment of a communication between the Legion s leaders and its legionaries / A pesquisa apresentada teve o intuito de mostrar como a Legião Cearense do Trabalho, criada por Severino Sombra, em Fortaleza-CE, em 23 de agosto de 1931, teve uma penetração dentro dos meios das massas trabalhadoras, a ponto de ser cortejada e, posteriormente, unificada ao movimento criado por Plínio Salgado, a AIB. Tendo por referência o catolicismo ultramontano, muito bem caracterizado nas obras de pensadores católicos como; De Bonald, De Maistre, Donoso-Cortés, que tiveram seus seguidores aqui no Brasil, durante as décadas de 20 e 30; caso de Jackson de Figueiredo e Alceu Amoroso Lima, onde suas idéias foram difundidas a partir do Centro D. Vital, local que o jovem oficial Severino Sombra, quando ainda na Escola Militar do Realengo, Rio de Janeiro, se fez assíduo freqüentador. A Legião se comprometia resolver os problemas sociais instaurados pelo capitalismo e seus desdobramentos como o liberalismo e o comunismo; daí ser aceita pela Igreja Católica, que lhe deu total apoio. Procurava a busca de um cotidiano perfeito e a tentativa de superar os conflitos entre capital e trabalho, para tanto, elaborou estratégias consubstanciadas em um discurso elaborado a partir de imagens, que falavam de um outro mundo possível, pela criação de organismos ordenadores das relações sociais, parâmetro encontrado na Idade Média. Com isso, foi elaborado o estabelecimento de comunicação entre os seus líderes e os legionários

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-02-22T11:44:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marta Maria Okamoto.pdf: 1418184 bytes, checksum: 9a41337daa677277340b25911d99f5d2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T11:44:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marta Maria Okamoto.pdf: 1418184 bytes, checksum: 9a41337daa677277340b25911d99f5d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aims at revisiting the theory of Operative Groups and its author, Enrique Pichon-Rivière, the importance of working with groups in different settings, its power and the vigor of such resource. From his theory, we circumscribe the concept of internal group for the interesting definition linked to what each person carries with him/her from his/her life history, which is updated when entering a group. Having this conceptual framework in mind, we go through his writings, starting from the origins of the term group and going as far as the strong influence his theory had on the reality of the Brazilian mental health in the 1970s and 1980s. Going one step further past, we return to the first years of his life and we follow his living in the northern region of Argentina, predominantly inhabited by Guarani Indians. We enter the delicate and painful moments of his life, the first years in Buenos Aires, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, Marxism, his concern with the collective. We experience his form of creation, which is based on the need of coexisting articulation of theory and practice in a dialectical way. The choice for such a path is not random as Pichon- Rivière aligned his life with his theory, linking the striking facts he lived with the creation of his concepts, making his theory as the outcome of the story of a life. This reflection put together with the revision of the elements the Pichonian perspective identifies in the groups, can instrumentalize and enhance the practices and, at the same time, when brought to the present day, can reinforce the power and the place of the groups / Este estudo tem por objetivo revisitar a teoria dos Grupos Operativos e seu autor, Enrique Pichon-Rivière, a importância do trabalho com grupos em diferentes contextos, sua potência e o vigor de tal recurso. De sua teoria, circunscrevemos o conceito de grupo interno em função da interessante definição atrelada ao que cada sujeito carrega consigo de sua história de vida e que se atualiza quando adentra um grupo. Com este recorte conceitual, percorremos seus escritos, partindo da origem do termo grupo até chegarmos à forte influência de sua teoria na realidade da saúde mental brasileira nos anos de 1970 e 1980. Em uma volta ao passado mais distante, retomamos seus primeiros anos de vida e o acompanhamos vivendo na região norte da Argentina, predominantemente habitada por índios guaranis. Adentramos a momentos delicados e dolorosos de sua vida, os primeiros anos em Buenos Aires, a psiquiatria, a psicanálise, o marxismo, sua preocupação com o coletivo. Vivenciamos seu modo de criação, que se baseia na necessidade de coexistência da articulação da teoria com a prática de maneira dialética. A opção por tal traçado não é aleatória uma vez que Pichon-Rivière alinhava sua vida à sua teoria, enlaçando fatos marcantes vividos por ele à criação de seus conceitos, fazendo da teoria o resultado da história de uma vida. Esta reflexão somada à revisão dos elementos presentes nos grupos na perspectiva pichoniana pode instrumentalizar e enriquecer as práticas e, ao mesmo tempo, quando trazida para os dias atuais, pode reforçar a potência e o lugar dos grupos

Este trabalho trata de analisar a Greve de Inquilinos de 1907 em Buenos Aires, movimento grevista de cunho anarquista que obteve grande repercussão. Organizado por moradores dos Conventillos (cortiços), o movimento reivindicava melhores condições de moradias, além da redução do preço dos aluguéis. Ao nos aprofundarmos nesse contexto percebemos que por trás de um verniz glamourizado de cidade rica e européia Buenos Aires escondia uma face em ebulição, repleta de pobreza e conflitos políticos. De modo que as condições adversas desse meio excludente e seus implicadores acabaram por dar origem à uma cultura política de caráter marginal junto à população mais pobre. Passando pela análise de periódicos, documentos oficiais, da verificação das transformações urbanas de Buenos Aires, enxergamos na mobilização dos inquilinos, e no surgimento dos conventillos, o ponto de partida para uma percepção mais profunda daquele projeto de sociedade, que privilegiava, sobretudo, a manutenção de um status quo. Nosso referencial teórico abrange três eixos principais, que passam pelas teorias da marginalidade de Aníbal. Quijano, José. Nun e Lucio Kowarick, pela análise dos discursos políticos de J. G. A. Pocock, e chegando aos estudos culturais urbanos, de Angel Rama e Beatriz Sarlo. / This work analyzes the Huelga de Inquilinos of 1907 in Buenos Aires, an anarchist strike movement of great repercussion. Organized by residents of the conventillos (tenement houses), the movement demanded better housing conditions, besides the reduction of rents price. When we delve deeper into this context we realize that behind a glamourized varnish of rich and European city Buenos Aires hid a boiling face, full of poverty and political conflicts. Thus, the adverse conditions of this exclusionary medium and its implicators eventually gave rise to a marginal political culture among the poorer population. Going through the analysis of periodicals, official documents, the verification of the urban transformations of Buenos Aires, we see the mobilization of the tenants, and the emergence of the conventillos, the tip of an iceberg that allows us to have a deeper perception of that project of society, which privileged , Above all, the maintenance of a status quo. Our theoretical reference encompasses three main axes, which pass through the marginality theories of Anibal Quijano, José Nun and Lucio Kowarick, by the analysis of political discourses of J. G. A. Pocock, and arriving at the urban cultural studies, of Angel Rama and Beatriz Sarlo.

This thesis examines a series of controversies in Portland, Oregon during the 1950s triggered by the placement of modem art in strategic public locations. This study examines the controversy surrounding the installation of Louis Bunce's mural at the Portland International Airport and the series of modern art controversies that followed the mural incident.