Als Studentin oder Student ist man froh, im Studium auch Einblicke in die Forschungsarbeit einer großen Universität und ihrer benachbarten Einrichtungen zu erhalten und so Erfahrungen für das berufliche Leben zu sammeln. Im Herbst 2007 konnten Studierende der Romanistik der TU Dresden unter der Leitung des viel zu früh verstorbenen Professors Norbert Rehrmann eine kleine Ausstellung im SLUB-Foyer präsentieren: „Der Dresdner Maya-Kodex: Geschichte und Gegenwart eines kulturellen Schatzes“. Dazu fand eine internationale Vortragsreihe im Kathedralforum über Kultur und Geschichte der Maya statt, über die Begegnung von Christentum und altamerikanischer Welt.

Komponentmetoden berör den bokföringsmässiga hanteringen av materiella anläggningstillgångar. I många avseenden kan dessa bestå av olika delar förknippade med olika förbrukningstakt och nyttjandeperioder. Fastigheter är en typisk sådan anläggningstillgång där exempelvis stomme, tak och fasad då utgör sådana komponenter vilka enligt komponentmetoden ska redovisas separat. Företag som tillämpar K3-regelverket behöver förhålla sig till detta. Följande studie fokuserar på redovisning av komponenter utifrån fastighetsförvaltande företag. Studien ämnar undersöka skillnader samt likheter i företagens tillämpning såväl som hur detta förhåller sig mot publicerade vägledningar kring hur metoden kan tillämpas. Likaså söker studien förståelse för vilka implikationer komponentmetoden medför för företagen. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod där intervjuer av fyra företag utgör grunden för det empiriska materialet. Vidare har en komparativ multipel fallstudiedesign använts för att uppnå studiens syfte. Resultatet påvisar att komponentmetodens tillämpning är företagsunik och består i många fall av uppskattningar hos respektive företag. Även likheter mellan företag och vägledningar har såväl identifierats. De implikationer som följer beror delvis på hur metoden tillämpas. Ökade avskrivningskostnader, jämnare resultat, en ökning av fastigheternas bokförda värden samt dess påverkan på redovisningens jämförbarhet är dock att betrakta som några av de huvudsakliga konsekvenserna. / Component accounting concerns the accounting management of tangible fixed assets. In many cases, these assets consist of different parts with varying economical and technical lifespans. Real estates are regarded as such assets whereby the building frame, roof and facade could be examples of distinguished components that should be accounted for separately. Swedish companies applying the K3-framework need to manage their accounting accordingly. This study´s focus relates to real estate companies’ application of component accounting. The aim of the study is to investigate differences and similarities between different companies, also in comparison to published guidelines on this topic. Furthermore, the study seeks to understand the implications of component accounting. A qualitative method has been applied where interviews have been conducted with four companies that form the basis of the empirical data. To achieve the purpose of the study a comparative multiple case design has been used.  The results show that component accounting is uniquely applied between companies and is often characterized by estimations. However, similarities between the companies as well as the guidelines do also exist. The implications that follow depend in part on how it´s applied, although increased depreciations, profit smoothing, increased book values and the componentization´s impact on comparability have been found to be some of the main consequences.

Brottslighet är ett förekommande samhällsproblem i Sverige med påverkan på folkhälsan genom att bidra till ohälsa och ojämlikhet. Det hälsofrämjande arbetet bör fokusera på barn och unga i samhället och betraktas som en framtida investering, då tidigare forskning påvisar att normbrytande beteende i ungdomen kan leda till ett fortsatt kriminellt liv. Denna studie definierar ett normbrytande beteende som våld, stöld, skolk samt narkotikaanvändning och syftar till att undersöka förekomsten av normbrytande beteenden, men även huruvida det finns ålders-, köns- och socioekonomiska skillnader bland unga i Västmanland. Metoden har en kvantitativ ansats där data gällande ungdomar i årskurs nio samt andra året på gymnasiet inhämtats och analyserats från studien Liv och Hälsa ung 2012. Resultatet påvisar att majoriteten inte har ett normbrytande beteende, dock är det ett förkommande problem i Västmanland då studien uppvisar signifikanta ålders, - köns- samt socioekonomiska skillnader bland unga med ett normbrytande beteende. Sannolikheten för normbrytande beteenden är högre för unga med låg socioekonomisk tillhörighet. Resultatet överensstämmer med tidigare forskningsresultat vilket belyser dess relevans och behov av hälsofrämjande insatser för ungas hälsa. Den sociala utvecklingsmodellen är studiens teoretiska ansats som bidrar till att förklara uppkomsten av ett normbrytande beteende.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, School of Social Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the field of Demography and Population Studies. November 2016. / Introduction: South African men practice both traditional and voluntary medical male circumcision. Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) was introduced as a health intervention strategy against HIV/AIDS. On the other hand, traditional male circumcision (TMC) is a ritual that marks the rite of passage into manhood. TMC has been identified as a public health hazard associated with high numbers of complications and even deaths. The South African government has launched and promotes the VMMC programme. The programme aims to reach a target of 80% coverage in order to effectively reduce HIV infections in the country. However, TMC remains a popular practice. In 2009, the National HIV Community Survey reported that 67% of men were traditionally circumcised, while 33% had been circumcised medically. This study aims to identify factors associated with VMMC, in order to inform the current programme. Furthermore, this study will add to the body of knowledge regarding VMMC and TMC, as previous literature has focused on identifying factors associated with circumcision status rather than the choice of circumcision type (VMMC vs TMC). Objective: The aim of this study was to the identify levels of circumcision status and circumcision types (VMMC vs TMC). Furthermore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between demographic, socio-economic, cognitive and environmental factors associated with VMMC and TMC in South Africa. Methodology: The study used data from the Third National HIV Communication Survey, 2012. The study sample is 6 828 473 males aged 16-55 years who underwent VMMC or TMC. The first step of the analysis was descriptive, using cross tabulations and graphs. Finally, multivariate analysis was employed using binary logistic to examine the relationship between VMMC and TMC with demographic, socio-economic, cognitive and environmental factors. Results Fifty-one percent (51%) of circumcised males were circumcised medically, while 49% were traditionally circumcised. As expected; ethnic groups known to practice TMC were less likely to choose VMMC. In terms of socioeconomic variables, education was significantly associated with whether males were medically circumcised (p<0.05; CI1.66=5.11). Availability of VMMC at the health facility significantly influenced the males choice of selecting VMMC as the type of circumcision to undergo (p<0.05; CI 0.43=0.79). / GR2017

The dissertation thesis is aimed at actual topic of the international labour migration and working foreigners in the Czech Republic during the period of the global economical crisis of 2008 and 2012. It is an empirical research that comes out from the qualitative and quantitative study of the topic. The subject of the research were working foreigners. We differ foreigners in the position of employees and businessmen as well as foreigners from the European Economic Area and Switzerland and so called third countries. In the work we also focus on the statistical data both from their availability and interpretation point of view and also from the volume of flows of international labour migration and the stock of working foreigners in the Czech Republic. Selected indicators were also used to study spatial distribution of working foreigners in the Czech Republic including its factors from political, social, economic, geographic, demographic or cultural areas. The study was carried out by applying qualitative and quantitative correlation and regression analyses. In this respect we focused also on the discussion of the relevancy of statistical data from areas specified above that may help to clarify the structure of the spatial distribution of working foreigners. The dissertation thesis includes the first attempt...

Orientadora: Sandra Elisa Contri Pitton / Coorientador: Silvia Aparecida Guarnieri Ortigoza / Banca: Diego Correa Maia / Banca: Antônio Carlos Tavares / Banca: Judite de Azevedo do Carmo / Banca: Daniela Cristina Aparecida Capparol / Resumo: Esta pesquisa investigou as potencialidades da formação técnica na modalidade de educação a distância da população pode constituir-se num mecanismo que conduz ao desenvolvimento territorial no Estado do Piauí. A abordagem teórica permitiu realizar uma aproximação necessária com o conceito de Território, Desenvolvimento e Educação Profissional. Com vistas a desvelar esta problemática em uma espacialidade do estado do Piauí, fez-se importante se utilizar de abordagens metodológicas quantitativas e qualitativa procurando identificar os problemas, a expansão da educação profissional na modalidade EaD e o discurso dos atores sociais no que tange a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos cidadãos piauienses. O recorte temporal compreende o período de 2008 a 2012. O recorte espacial desta pesquisa se deu em 4 (quatro) polos EaD, cada um situado em uma das 4 (quatro) Mesorregiões do Estado do Piauí, a saber: Centro-Norte Piauiense (Polo Valença do Piauí), Sudeste Piauiense (Polo Alegrete do Piauí), Norte Piauiense (Polo Parnaíba) e Sudoeste Piauiense (Polo São Raimundo Nonato). Os resultados apontam que as expectativas dos egressos dos cursos técnicos na modalidade a distância consistem em adquirir conhecimento e qualificação profissional e, por consequência, inserir-se no mercado de trabalho. Em contraponto, os resultados também apontam que a qualificação profissional proporcionada aos cidadãos por meio dos cursos técnicos a distância não garantiu, efetivamente, a inserção dos egressos no mercado de trabalho nem tampouco uma melhoria salarial. Constata-se que para a educação atingir sua finalidade com qualidade e com o propósito de desenvolvimento devem ser levados em consideração outros indicadores e variáveis, tais como: a) questões socioeconômicas e culturais dos atores sociais envolvidos; b) gestão pública e organização ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This research investigated the potential to which technical education in the distance mode of education of the population may be a mechanism that leads to territorial development in the state of Piaui. The theoretical approach allowed a necessary approch between the conceptual theoretical contributions of Territory Development and Vocational Education. In order to uncover this problem in a region of the Piauí state, it became important to use both quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches aiming to spatialize the problems encountered, the expansion of vocational education in distance education mode and the discourse of social actors with respect to improving the quality of life of people in Piauí. The time frame covers the period from 2008 to 2012. The spatial area of this research took place in four (4) DE units, each located in one of the four (4) mesoregions of Piauí state, namely: North Central Piauiense ( Polo Valença do Piauí), Southeast Piauiense (Polo Alegrete do Piauí), North Piauiense (Polo Parnaíba) and Southwest Piauiense (Polo São Raimundo Nonato). The results show that the expectations of graduates of technical courses in distance mode consists of acquiring knowledge and professional qualification and, therefore, be inserted in the labor market. In contrast, the results also indicate that professional training provided to citizens through the distance technical courses did not ensure effectively the integration of graduates into the labor market nor salary improvements. It appears that for education to achieve its purpose with quality and with the development of purpose it must be taken into account other indicators and variables such as: a) socio-economic and cultural issues of social actors involved; b) governance and organization and support policies to education; c) professionalization and ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Resumen: Esta investigación averiguó el potencial la formación técnica en la modalidad educación a distancia de la población puede volverse en un mecanismo que conduce al desarrollo territorial en el estado de Piauí. El enfoque teórico permitió un acercamiento necesario entre los aportes teóricos conceptuales de Territorio, Desarrollo y Educación Profesional. Con el fin de desvelar este problema en una espacialidad del estado de Piauí, se hizo importante utilizar abordajes metodológicos cuantitativos y cualitativos que buscan espacializar los problemas encontrados, la expansión de la educación profesional en la modalidad de educación a distancia y el discurso de los actores sociales en lo que se refiere a la mejora de la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos piauienses. El marco de tiempo abarca el período del 2008 al 2012. El tiempo de esta investigación se llevó a cabo en cuatro (4) polos de educación a distancia, cada uno situado en una de las cuatro (4) Mesoregiones del Estado de Piauí, a saber: Centro-Norte Piauiense (Polo Valença do Piauí), Sureste Piauiense (Polo Alegrete do Piauí), Norte Piauiense (Polo Parnaíba) y Suroeste Piauiense (Polo São Raimundo Nonato). Los resultados muestran que las expectativas de los graduados de los cursos técnicos en modalidad a distancia consisten en la adquisición de conocimientos y la cualificación profesional y, por consiguiente, la inserción en el mercado laboral. Por el contrario, los resultados también indican que la formación profesional proporciona a los ciudadanos a través de los cursos técnicos a distancia no garantizó, de manera efectiva, la inserción de los graduados en el mercado laboral ni mejores sueldos. Se constata que para que la educación logre su finalidad con calidad y con el propósito de desarrollo debe tenerse en cuenta otros indicadores y variables, tales como: ... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo) / Doutor

Orientador: Carlos da Fonseca Brandão / Banca: Júlio Cesar Torres / Banca: Carolina Kraus Luvizotto / Resumo: A gestão escolar tem sido alvo de discussões em meios políticos e acadêmicos pela centralidade que possui a educação na contemporaneidade. Após o regime militar, como parte do processo de democratização da sociedade, a gestão democrática da educação foi estabelecida como princípio norteador dos sistemas de ensino e das escolas pela Constituição Federal de 1988 e regulamentada por meio da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação n° 9.394/96, deixando sob a responsabilidade dos Sistemas de Ensino o estabelecimento dos elementos de consecução de acordo com suas peculiaridades, desde que a comunidade participasse da elaboração da Proposta Pedagógica e os Conselhos fossem estabelecidos para fomentar a participação. Em virtude das mudanças no cenário político e econômico, a gestão democrática da educação foi implementada levando-se em consideração as determinações de organismos internacionais, perdendo seu potencial transformador das relações na sociedade, sendo que a participação e a autonomia, seus principais elementos de consecução, passaram a ser técnicas de gestão no modelo gerencial ou de gestão compartilhada. No estado de São Paulo, as Normas Regimentais Básicas estabeleceram o princípio da gestão democrática e prepararam o caminho para que esta descaracterização ocorresse. Em virtude das gramáticas que estão impregnadas nas práticas sociais brasileiras, o clientelismo e o patrimonialismo, da burocracia que leva ao autoritarismo e da natureza do estado liberal democrático, o princípio da gestão democrática encontra muitos obstáculos para se consolidar, perdendo assim seu potencial transformador. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar se, na opinião da comunidade escolar, a gestão democrática tem se consolidado pela sua participação na escola e na tomada de ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The school management has been the subject of discussion in political and academic by the centrality that has education in contemporary media. After the military regime as part of the process of democratization of society, democratic management education was established as guiding principle of education systems and schools by the Federal Constitution of 1988 and regulated by the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education n ° 9.394/96, leaving the responsibility of Education Systems to establish the elements of achievement according to their peculiarities, since the community participated in drafting the proposal and the Pedagogical Councils were established to encourage participation. Because of changes in the political and economic environment, the democratic management of education was implemented taking into account the decisions of international bodies, losing their transformative potential of relations in society, and participation and autonomy, the main elements of achievement, became management techniques in management or co-management model. In São Paulo, the Basic Regimental Standards established the principle of democratic management and prepared the way for this mischaracterization occurred. Because of grammars that are steeped in Brazilian social practices, clientelism and patronage, bureaucracy that leads to authoritarianism and the nature of the liberal democratic state, the principle of democratic management encounters many obstacles to consolidate and lost their transformative potential. The present study aimed to determine whether, in the opinion of the school community, democratic management has consolidated your participation in school and in decision making in schools. We used data from the Study reports of SARESP the years 2010 to 2012, bringing together the answers of students, parents, teachers, principals and coordinators ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

English language learner (ELL) is a term to describe students who are still acquiring English proficiency. In recent decades, ELLs are a very rapidly growing student group in United States. In school classrooms, ELLs are learning English and their academic subjects simultaneously. It is challenging for them to hear lectures, read textbooks, and complete tests in English despite of their inadequate English language proficiency (Ilich, 2013). As a result, the increasing number of ELLs in public schools has paralleled the increase in ELLs’ low mathematics performance (NCES, 2016). Due to the popularization of international large-scale assessments in the recent decade, it is necessary to analyze their psychometric properties (e.g., reliability, validity) so that those results can provide with evidence-based implications for policymakers. Educational researchers need to assess the validity for subgroups within each country. The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), as one of the influential large-scale assessments, allows researchers to investigate academic achievement and group membership from a variety of different viewpoints. The current study was to understand the nature and potential sources of the gaps in mathematics achievement between ELLs and non-ELLs. The nature of achievement gap was examined using three DIF methodologies including Mantel-Haenszel procedure, Rasch analysis, and Hierarchical Generalized Linear Model (HGLM) at the item level instead of total test level. Amon the three methods, HGLM was utilized to examine the potential sources of DIF. This method can take into account of the nested structure of data where items are nested within students, and students nested within schools. At the student level, sources of DIF were investigated through students’ variations in mathematics self-efficacy, language proficiency, and student socioeconomic status. At the school level, school type and school educational resource were investigated as potential sources of DIF after controlling for the student variables. The U.S. sample from PISA 2012 was used, and 76 dichotomously coded items from PISA 2012 mathematics assessment were included to detect DIF effects. Results revealed that ten common items are identified with DIF effects using MH procedure, Rasch analysis, and HGLM. These ten items are all in favor of non-ELLs.The decreasing number of items showing DIF effects in HGLM after controlling for student-level variables revealed mathematics self-efficacy, language proficiency, and SES are potential sources of DIF between ELLs and non-ELLs. In addition, the number of DIF items continued to decrease after controlling for both student and school-level variables. This finding proved that school type and school educational resources were also potential sources of DIF between ELLs and non-ELLs. Findings from this study can help educational researchers, administrators, and policymakers understand the nature of the gap at item level instead of the total test level so that United States can be competitive in middle school mathematics education. This study can also help guide item writers and test developers in the construction of more linguistically accessible assessments for students who are still learning English. The significance of this study lies in the empirical investigation of the gap between ELLs and non-ELLs in mathematics achievement at an item level and from perspectives of both students and schools.

Den reglering som finns för aktiebolag är omfattande men saknar vid denna studie en uttrycklig reglering för närståendetransaktioner. Syftet med studien har därför varit att utreda området närståendetransaktioner och hur företeelsen rättsligt hanteras. För att uppfylla syftet med studien har rättsdogmatisk metod använts. Närståendetransaktioner kan efter denna utredning framställas innebära överföringar eller överlåtelser av tillgångar eller komponenter mellan ett aktiebolag och närstående till aktiebolaget. Utredningen visar även att närståendebegreppet anses vara i behov av en avgränsning och generalisering eftersom den krets av personer som omfattas av närståendebegreppet varierar mellan olika bestämmelser. Vidare visar utredningen att det finns betydande reglering som rättsligt hanterar närståendetransaktioner. Sådan reglering finns exempelvis i aktiemarknadsnämndens uttalande AMN 2012:05, aktiebolagslagens 17 kap. ABL om värdeöverföringar och 16 kap. ABL om riktade emissioner. Rättspraxis har även visat att dessa bestämmelser rättsligt kan hantera närståendetransaktioner i praktiken, däremot ger rättspraxis ingen sammantagen vägledning för hur närståendetransaktioner praktiskt ska bedömas utan uppfattas bedömas i varje enskilt fall.

This analysis seeks to understand the power of social media to create sustainable social movements. The 1999 World Trade Organization protests in Seattle were one of the first internet-supported acts of protest and illustrate the power of the Internet and social media to bring together diverse coalitions of actors and maintain decentralized power structures. Next, the analysis studies the non-profit advocacy organization Invisible Children and the recent media explosion of their Kony 2012 campaign to make sense of how uses of the Internet have expanded since 1999. The Kony 2012 case illustrates the power of committed networks in disseminating information but also alludes to some of the new challenges social media presents. Ultimately, this analysis concludes that social media has simultaneously empowered and crippled social media, calling for an intentioned use of the Internet applications, strong leadership, and cultural framing to sustain mobilization.