Thesis on comparison of management systems of food safety was created in the years 2015-2016 at the Institute of Post-Harvest Technologies of Horticultural of the Mendel University in Brno. The main objective was to discuss the risk factors for food safety. Furthermore, describe the current approaches to the health food industry. The paper compares the current management systems securing the health food industry as HACCP, BRC, IFS, ISO 22000, FSSC 22000, GLOBALG.A.P., TESCO STANDARD.

The lack of highly qualified labour force in the Vietnamese water and environmental sector as well as the problems in the mutual admission of doctoral students between German and Vietnamese Universities have motivated the Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management (IEEM) at the University of Witten/Herdecke to initiate the Water Doctoral Network (WDN). This network shall not be limited to tuition and conferral of doctorates in water sciences, engineering and economics, but serve as nursery for new, innovative research potentials and projects within the international academic co-operation. Applied learning and research, rather than basic research and pure science, are the main focuses of this project. / Sự thiếu hụt lực lượng lao động chất lượng cao trong lĩnh vực nước và môi trường ở Việt Nam cũng như các vấn đề trong việc tiếp nhận nghiên cứu sinh tiến sỹ giữa các trường Đại học của Đức và Việt Nam đã tạo động lực để Viện Kỹ thuật và Quản lý Môi trường (IEEM) của trường Đại học Witten/Herdecke đề xuất mạng lưới đào tạo Tiến sỹ nghiên cứu về ngành nước (WDN). Mạng lưới này không chỉ giới hạn ở việc giảng dạy và cấp bằng tiến sĩ trong lĩnh khoa học, kinh tế và kỹ thuật về ngành nước, mà nó như là vườn ươm đối với các dự án và tiềm năng nghiên cứu sáng tạo mới trong hợp tác hàn lâm quốc tế. Học tập và nghiên cứu ứng dụng thực tế là các trọng tâm chính của dự án này chứ không đơn thuần là nghiên cứu cơ bản và khoa học thuần túy.

Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Erosionsverhalten von Sedimenten in Mischkanalisationen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine Apparatur für in-situ-Untersuchungen entwickelt, gebaut und kalibriert. Damit wurden erstmals Erosionsmessungen an echten, ungestörten Kanalsedimenten im großen Umfang durchgeführt. Hierbei wurde die kritische Sohlschubspannung als Kenngröße für die Sedimentstabilität anhand von etablierten und einer neu entwickelten Methode aus den Messdaten gewonnen. Die Kanalsedimente zeigen ein ausgeprägt kohäsives Erosionsverhalten im untersuchten Kanal und verhalten sich somit wie Sedimente in natürlichen Gewässern. Mit Einschränkungen kann folglich auf die umfangreichen Erfahrungen im Bereich der marinen, ästuarinen und fluvialen Sedimente zurückgegriffen werden. Die auf diesem Gebiet untersuchten Einflussfaktoren wurden auf Grundlage einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche hinsichtlich ihrer Relevanz für den Bereich der Kanalsedimente bewertet. Die Vielzahl der in Frage kommenden Einflussfaktoren sowie das sich hieraus abzeichnende Geflecht aus den Wechselwirkungen der Einflussfaktoren untereinander macht diese Thematik sehr komplex und das tatsächliche Erosionsverhalten schwer vorhersagbar. In-situ-Untersuchungen stellen daher einen essentiellen Grundstein für die Entwicklung eines allgemeingültigen Erosionsmodells dar. / The present work studies the sediment erosion in combined sewers. For this purpose, an in-situ instrument was developed, constructed and calibrated. For the first time, such an instrument was used to perform erosion measurements on real, undisturbed sewer sediments on a large scale. In the analysis, the bottom shear stress was used as an indicator for the sediment stability applying established methods and also a newly developed one. The sediments in the investigated sewer show a distinct cohesive erosion behavior. Hence, they behave similar to sediments in natural waters. Therefore, one can with some limitations use the extensive experience in the field of marine, estuarine, and fluvial sediments. The influences studied in that field were evaluated according to their relevance for sewer sediments in a extensive literature research. Due to the large number of influence factors in addition to their interactions, this topic is very complex and the actual erosion behavior difficult to predict. Hence, in-situ studies are a essential foundation for the development of a general model for sediment erosion.

Είναι γεγονός, ότι η Διοίκηση Ολικής Ποιότητας είναι μια έκφραση της Οργάνωσης και Διοίκησης των Επιχειρήσεων και έχει υιοθετηθεί σε μεγάλο βαθμό από επιχειρήσεις παγκοσμίως, αποτελώντας ένα ισχυρό εργαλείο για τη βελτίωση των παρεχόμενων προϊόντων και υπηρεσιών. Η ποιότητα αποτελεί έναν από τους σπουδαιότερους ανταγωνιστικούς παράγοντες για τη μακροπρόθεσμη ικανοποίηση των πελατών. Ως εκ τούτου, η αποτελεσματική διοίκηση της ποιότητας των προϊόντων-υπηρεσιών, ξεκινάει από την αξιόπιστη και ακριβή μέτρηση της συνεισφοράς της ποιότητας, τόσο στον οργανωτικό σχεδιασμό όσο και στην οργανωτική απόδοση. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι μέσω τόσο μιας θεωρητικής ανασκόπησης όσο και ενός ερευνητικού κομματιού να αναλυθεί η σημασία των πρακτικών Διοίκησης Ολικής Ποιότητας στον τομέα των ξενοδοχείων, ώστε στη συνέχεια να αποφανθούμε κατά πόσο αυτές σχετίζονται με την βελτίωση της απόδοσης των ξενοδοχείων. / It is a fact that TQM is an expression of Organization and Management of Business and has been adopted widely by businesses worldwide, providing a powerful tool for improving products and services. Quality is one of the most important competitive factors for long-term customer satisfaction. Therefore, the effective management of quality of products and services starts from the reliable and accurate measurement of the contribution of quality, both in organizational design and in the organizational performance. The purpose of this work is through both a theoretical background and a research track to analyze the importance of TQM practices in the hotel, so then to judge whether these relate to improving the performance of hotels.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3188.pdf: 2904896 bytes, checksum: 9d486740c6a99b495aeb0b7d3f2aad98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-23 / The raising of alligator in captivity began in Brazil as an option to protect the species and the land properties against invasions of alligator hunters. This activity was legalized by the decree 126/1990 of Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA). Increasingly, actions which are linked to the breeding of this animal in captivity are accomplished in the state of Mato Grosso by institutions like Sistema Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE), Fundação Estadual do Meio Ambiente (FEMA) e IBAMA. These actions have as an aim to develop the productive chain of Jacaré do Pantanal, that have as the main product the skin of the animal and as sub-products, the meat, craft and animal food. The sub-product meat received detachment in this productive chain in 2008, due to the processing unit which belongs to the Cooperativa de Criadores de Jacaré do Pantanal (COOCRIJAPAN) that obtained the registration of the Serviço de Inspeção Federal (SIF), allowing the trading of alligator meat in national territory and abroad. To meet the quality requests and the security of the food, in general and at this unit, actions and procedures are necessary of the Quality Management. The objective of this study is to present a set of propositions for the Quality Management for the Processing Unit of COOCRIJAPAN, that meets the requests of the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), of NBR ISO 22000:2006 and of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP), which are considered specific methods for the Quality Management of Food Industries. With this objective, data were collected at COOCRIJAPAN, through interviews with the members of the unit and observations were made at the local to know the practices of the quality management of the Cooperative during the month of July of 2009. From the bibliographic revision and the field study, proposals was made for the Quality Management and Food Security for the Cooperative as well as a definition of a implementation plan for it. / A criação de jacaré em cativeiro teve início no Brasil como opção para proteção da espécie e das propriedades de terra contra invasões de caçadores de jacaré. Esta atividade recebeu suporte legal através da portaria 126/1990 do Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA). De maneira crescente, ações ligadas à criação deste animal em cativeiro são realizadas no Estado de Mato Grosso por órgãos como o Sistema Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE), Fundação Estadual do Meio Ambiente (FEMA) e IBAMA. Essas ações objetivam desenvolver a cadeia produtiva do Jacaré do Pantanal, que tem como principal produto o couro do animal e como subprodutos a carne, artesanatos e ração animal. O subproduto carne recebeu destaque nesta cadeia produtiva em 2008, devido à unidade processadora, pertencente à Cooperativa de Criadores de Jacaré do Pantanal (COOCRIJAPAN), ter obtido o registro no Serviço de Inspeção Federal (SIF), possibilitando a comercialização da carne de jacaré em território nacional e no mercado externo. Para atender os requisitos da qualidade e da segurança do alimento, de modo geral e nesta unidade processadora, são necessárias ações e procedimentos da Gestão da Qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar propostas para a Gestão da Qualidade para a unidade processadora da COOCRIJAPAN, que atenda aos requisitos das Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF), da NBR ISO 22000:2006 e do Sistema de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle (APPCC), que são consideradas abordagens específicas para a Gestão da Qualidade em indústrias alimentícias. Para isso, foram coletadas informações na COOCRIJAPAN, através de entrevistas com membros da unidade e feitas observações in loco para conhecer as práticas de gestão da qualidade da Cooperativa, durante o mês de julho de 2009. A partir da revisão bibliográfica e da pesquisa de campo, elaborou-se a proposta para a Gestão da Qualidade e da Segurança do Alimento para a Cooperativa, bem como um plano para implantação.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Requirements with the hygienic quality of food and the need for compliance of companies with current legislation determines that the food industry to adopt methods of control and quality management. There are recommended methodologies and certified for quality management for the food industry which is the prerequisites programs that include the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). The main objective of the study was to propose a model for deployment of GMP and a education for industries and verify its effectiveness in an industry to manufacture from Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill. We also evaluated the quality of the Ilex paraguariensis benefit in the implementation of GMP, comparing variables: moisture, water activity and pH, total count of mesophilic aerobes, yeasts and mold count, the survey Salmonella spp. and most probable number of thermotolerant coliforms in relation to the expiry date, storage conditions, grain size, with or without addition of sugar samples of Ilex paraguariensis, as well as determine the correlation between variables. The result was the implementation of GMP along the lines of ISO 22000 by the food industry, integrating the legislations and serving as a platform to integrate other education. The education was developed based on needs assessment through the checklist and microbiological analysis and planning how to address the no agreements found, with these were carried out training evaluate and monitor the results. The industry has made improvements from 15% to 97% according after implementation of GMP, considered excellent for the industry. Another result achieved was the training of employs with the intent to change behavior and improve the hygiene habits of those, no coliforms were isolated in the hands of food handlers, and there was a reduction in the total count of aerobic mesophilic bacteria and Staphylococcus coagulase positive. The objectives desired by this study were achieved, as the implementation model used facilitated the adequacy of the industry legislation and was also able to provide better organization forcing quantitative and qualitative changes, find that the implementation of GMP was essential for company to reach satisfactory levels of suit and hygienic-sanitary quality of the final product. The safety of the finished product could be verified with the physicochemical and microbiological analysis performed, which revealed that the product comply with the standards of the Brazilian and the World Health Organization legislation and the quality of the Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill was not modified by the conditions of storage, added sugar, validity and granulometry. / As exigências com a qualidade higiênico-sanitária dos alimentos e a necessidade de conformidade das empresas com a legislação vigente determinam que as indústrias de alimentos adotem metodologias de controle e gestão da qualidade. Existem metodologias recomendadas e certificadas para a gestão de qualidade para indústria de alimentos que é o programa de pré-requisitos que contempla as Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF). O objetivo geral do estudo foi propor um modelo de implantação de BPF e de um programa de treinamento para as indústrias e verificar sua eficiência frente a uma indústria beneficiadora de erva-mate. Foi avaliada a qualidade da erva-mate beneficiada na implantação de BPF, comparando as variáveis: umidade, atividade de água e pH, contagem total de microrganismos aeróbios mesófilos, contagem de bolores e leveduras, a pesquisa Salmonella spp. e o número mais provável de coliformes termotolerantes em relação ao prazo de validade, condições de armazenamento, granulometria, adição ou não de açúcar das amostras de erva-mate, assim como verificar a correlação entre as variáveis. O resultado foi a implantação das BPF nos moldes da norma ISO 22000 pela indústria de alimentos, integrando as legislações e servindo de plataforma para integrar outros programas de qualidade. O programa de treinamento foi desenvolvido baseando-se no levantamento de necessidades através de lista de verificação e análises microbiológicas e do planejamento de como solucionar as não-conformidades encontradas, com isso foram realizados treinamentos para avaliar e controlar os resultados. A indústria realizou melhorias, passando de 15% para 97% de conformidades depois da implantação das BPF, considerado excelente para o setor. Outro resultado alcançado foi a capacitação dos funcionários com intuito de mudar comportamentos e melhorar os hábitos higiênicos dos mesmos onde, não foram isolados coliformes totais nas mãos dos manipuladores e houve redução na contagem total de microrganismos aeróbios mesófilos e Staphylococcus coagulase positiva. Os objetivos almejados com este estudo foram alcançados, pois o modelo de implantação utilizado facilitou na adequação da empresa à legislação e também foi capaz de propiciar melhor organização forçando mudanças quantitativas e qualitativas, constatando-se que a implantação de BPF foi essencial para que a empresa atingisse níveis satisfatórios de adequação higiênico-sanitária e qualidade do produto final. A segurança do produto acabado pôde ser comprovada com as análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas realizadas, onde se verificou que o produto atende aos padrões da legislação brasileira e da Organização Mundial da Saúde e que a qualidade da erva-mate não foi modificada pelas condições de armazenamento, adição de açúcar, prazo de validade e granulometria.

In der Arbeit werden Möglichkeiten des Einsatzes von Digitalen Geländemodellen (DGM) im Kontext des Hochwasserrisikomanagements aufgezeigt, wobei die Anwendung hochauflösender Laserscandaten im Fokus steht. Zunächst wird die Notwendigkeit der wissenschaftlichen Auseinandersetzung mit Hochwassergefahren hervorgehoben. Dies schließt die Betrachtung der Bedeutung von Geodaten (insbesondere DGM) im Hochwasserrisikomanagement ein. Es folgt eine Darstellung der verwendeten Daten, begleitet von einer Zusammenstellung von Methoden zur großflächigen Erfassung des Georeliefs und einer kurzen Einführung in die Hochwassermodellierung. Die wissenschaftlichen Arbeitsziele werden im Kontext eines interdisziplinären Projektes zur Hochwasserrisikoforschung definiert, in welchem DGM erstmals auch als dynamische Komponente des Risikosystems aufgefaßt werden. Die Arbeitsziele umfassen in diesem Zusammenhang die Entwicklung von automatisierten Methoden zur Gewinnung von Informationen über Deiche, insbesondere über deren genaue Lage und Höhe, und zur Modellierung von Deichgeometrien. Nach der Umsetzung und Erprobung der Verfahren in einem Geoinformationssystem wird der Prototyp einer Softwareanwendung vorgestellt, der eine automationsgestützte und nutzerfreundliche Realisierung der entwickelten Methoden erlaubt. Der Teil Deichmodellierung in Digitalen Geländemodellen beschreibt theoretische Grundlagen zur Realisierung eines speziell auf Hochwasserschutzdeiche ausgerichteten Geoinformationssystems. Es wird der Begriff des Digitalen Deichmodells (DDM) eingeführt und dessen Modellstruktur sowie Möglichkeiten zu Datenerfassung und -pflege mittels hochauflösender Laserscan-DGM erläutert. Weiterhin werden bestehende Methoden der Objekterkennung in DGM zum Zweck der Deichdetektion und -extraktion adaptiert und ein neues Verfahren entwickelt, das speziell die geometrischen Spezifika von Deichen berücksichtigt. Mit den vorgestellten Verfahren wird deren weitgehend automatisierte Erfassung und Kartierung ermöglicht. Das DDM wird derart konzipiert, daß sowohl Rückbau, Verlegung als auch die Erhöhung von Deichen im Modell umsetzbar sind. Damit wird letztlich die Simulationsfähigkeit bzw. Veränderlichkeit eines DGM als Basis für Hochwassersimulationen realisiert. Im Kapitel Vereinfachte GIS-basierte Überflutungssimulationen wird ein Konzept zur vereinfachten GIS-basierten Folgenabschätzung von Deichbrüchen vorgestellt. Dafür werden bestimmte Modellannahmen getroffen und zur Überflutungsmodellierung herangezogen. Die Ergebnisse werden im Rahmen der Modellannahmen kritisch als Möglichkeit der Abschätzung von im Extremfall zu erwartenden Wasserständen in Überschwemmungsgebieten bewertet. Nach der Dokumentation der praktischen Umsetzung der vorgestellten Verfahren werden die Ergebnisse diskutiert und Ausblicke zur nötigen bzw. möglichen weiteren Forschungsarbeiten gegeben. Der Anhang der Arbeit enthält Karten und eine Dokumentation des Programms Diketools, das als Prototyp einer Deichmodellierungssoftware implementiert wurde. / This study examines possibilities of using Digital Terrain Models (DTM) in the context of flood risk management. Thereby the focus lies on the application of high-resolution laserscan data. First the necessity of the scientific examination of flood hazards is underlined which implies the consideration of geodata (especially DTM). This is followed by an overview of methods of large-area data acquisition of the earth surface as well as a short introduction into flood modelling. The scientific objectives of this study are defined within the context of a multidisciplinary research project which for the first time considers DTM as a dynamic component in the flood risk system. The objectives resulting from this point of view comprise the development of automated methods of acquiring information on dikes. Here the exact locations of dikelines and their crest levels are of special interest. The modelling of new dike geometries and their implementiation into existing DTM data is also included. Chapter 4 (Deichmodellierung in Digitalen Geländemodellen, engl.: Dike Modelling in Digital Terrain Models) describes the theoretical fundamentals of the realisation of an information system focused on flood protection dikes. Here the term Digital Dike Model (DDM) is introduced. Accordingly its model structure is defined and possibilities of data retrieval and data management by means of high-resolution laserscan terrain models are shown. The detection and extraction of dikes is accomplished by the adaption of existing object-extraction methods. Also a new procedure has been developed which accounts for dike-specific geometrical characterisations. The presented methods enable the automated identification and mapping of dikes. The Digital Dike Model has been designed to allow the removal and relocation of dikes as well as their heightening within the model. Hereby the desired changeability of Digital Terrain Models is realised as a basis for flood simulations. In Chapter 5 (GIS-basierte Überflutungssimulationen, engl.: Simplified GIS-based Flood Modelling) a concept for a simplified estimation of dike-breach induced floodings by means of GIS-based procedures is presented. This implies the definition of certain model assumptions which are adopted when performing flood simulations. The results are discussed and the use of this method for estimating maximum flood impacts is evaluated. These parts of the thesis are followed by the discussion of the results. In the end an outlook for further research is given. The appendix of this work includes maps and a documentation of the Diketools which has been implemented as a prototype of a dike-modelling software.

Η παρούσα εργασία ασχολείται με την καταμέτρηση και αποτύπωση της ποιότητας σε μία μεγάλη εταιρεία, την ΑΒ Βασιλόπουλος. Ως επί το πλείστον, η αποτύπωση της ποιότητας στις διάφορες εταιρίες πραγματοποιείται με τη χρήση ποικιλίας πιστοποιήσεων μέσω διαφόρων οργανισμών. Η συγκεκριμένη εργασία επιχειρεί να πραγματοποιήσει μια καταγραφή σχετικά με τα επίπεδα της υφιστάμενης ποιότητας βάσει της άποψης των εργαζομένων στην συγκεκριμένη εταιρεία. Παράλληλα, έγινε προσπάθεια να αποτυπωθούν οι σημαντικότεροι παράγοντες που, βάσει των απόψεων των εργαζομένων, επηρεάζουν την ποιότητα αυτή. Βάσει των αποτελεσμάτων της έρευνας προέκυψε το ότι οι εργαζόμενοι κατά κύριο λόγο συμφωνούν πολύ, ότι εκτελούν όλες τις αναγνωρισμένες οδηγίες εργασίας και διαδικασίες ποιότητας και δήλωσαν ότι είναι έτοιμοι για κάθε αλλαγή που μπορεί να προκύψει κατά την εφαρμογή ISO 9001/22000. Επιπλέον δήλωσαν ότι είναι έτοιμοι να ελεγχθούν ανά πάσα στιγμή και πως η ιδέα για συμμετοχή στις δραστηριότητες συνεχής βελτίωσης και ποιότητας τους αρέσει. Τέλος οι περισσότεροι είναι ευτυχείς που επιλέξανε αυτή την εταιρεία να εργαστούν και ένα μεγάλο ποσοστό δήλωσε πως θα παραμείνει στην εν λόγω εταιρεία για τα επόμενα χρόνια. Η πρωτογενής έρευνα (μέσω της συμπλήρωσης των ερωτηματολογίων) πραγματοποιήθηκε τον Σεπτέμβριο του 2013). / This paper deals with the counting and recording quality in a large company, AB Vassilopoulos. Mostly, printing quality in various companies through the use of a variety of certifications through various organizations. This paper attempts to make a record of the levels of the existing quality under the view of workers in a particular company. There was also attempt to identify the most important factors that, based on the views of employees, affecting such quality. Based on the results of the survey revealed that workers largely agree too that perform all identified work instructions and quality procedures and said they were ready for any changes that may arise in implementing ISO 9001/22000. ALSO said it is ready to be tested at any time and that the idea to participate in continuous improvement activities and quality they like. Finally most are glad they chose this company to work and a large percentage said they would remain in the company for years. The primary research (through the completion of questionnaires) took place in September 2013.

Sich ändernde Klima- und Wetterbedingungen in Verbindung mit einer begrenzt ausdehnbaren Ackerfläche werden den Druck auf Nahrungsmittelproduktionssysteme weiter erhöhen. Um dieser Herausforderung gerecht zu werden, ist eine Erhöhung und Stabilisierung der Ernteerträge unverzichtbar. Dies erfordert aber ein tieferes Verständnis der Einflussfaktoren, die auf die Ertragsvariabilität wirken. Diese Dissertation leistet einen Forschungsbeitrag zu Ertragsmodellen in Deutschland, Tansania und auf globaler Ebene. Dazu analysiere und kombiniere ich statistische und prozessbasierte Ertragsmodelle in fünf Schritten: (i) Zunächst entwickele ich einen statistischen Modellansatz, um den Einfluss von Wetter und agronomischem Management auf Winterweizenerträge in Deutschland zu separieren. (ii) Auf der Grundlage dieses Modells erweitere ich die statistischen Methoden und wende sie für Winterweizen und Silomais auf regionale Ebene an. (iii) Diesen erweiterten Modellansatz verwende ich daraufhin zum Testen einer Kreuz-Validierung um zukünftige Ertragsänderungen unter Klimawandel zu projizieren. (iv) Anschließend wird in einer globalen statistischen Anwendung dieses Modell für kurzfristige Ertragsprognosen getestet. (v) Schließlich kombiniere ich für das Fallbeispiel Mais in Tansania statistische und prozessbasierte Ertragsmodelle, um wetterbedingte Ertragsverluste von nicht-wetterbedingten Ertragsverlusten zu separieren. Als Ergebnis lässt sich zusammenfassen, dass der Anteil der wetterbedingten Ertragsvariabilität in Deutschland höher ist als in Tansania. Dementsprechend sind die Ertragsschwankungen in Tansania eher auf das agronomische Management und sozioökonomische Einflüsse zurückzuführen. Für beide Länder stelle ich fest, dass der Anteil der wetterbedingte Ertragsvariabilität auf aggregierter Ebene höher ist als auf regionaler Ebene. Der kombinierte statistisch-prozessbasierte Ansatz zur Bewertung von wetterbedingten Ertragsverlusten kann für Versicherungszwecke genutzt werden. / Due to changing climate and weather patterns in combination with limitations to extend global arable land area, the pressure on food production systems will increase. To cope with this challenge, it will be indispensable to increase and stabilize crop yields. This requires, however, a deeper understanding of the factors influencing crop yield variability. This dissertation contributes to that research need as I further develop and apply crop models to assess regional wheat and maize yield variability in Germany, Tanzania and on a global scale. For this, I analyze and combine statistical and process-based crop models within five steps: (i) First, I develop a statistical crop modeling approach to decompose the influence of weather and agronomic management on winter wheat yields in Germany. (ii) Based on the first step, I expand the statistical methods and apply augmented models for winter wheat and silage maize on a disaggregated level. (iii) Then this model approach is used to investigate an out-of-sample cross validation to demonstrate the models’ capability to project future yield changes under climate change. (iv) In a global statistical application, this models’ capability of projecting yields is tested for short-term yield forecasts. (v) Finally, I combine statistical and process-based crop modeling to decompose weather-related maize yield losses from losses caused by non-weather factors for the case of Tanzania. Across these five steps, I find that the share of weather-related yield variability is higher in Germany than in Tanzania. Accordingly, crop yield variability in Tanzania is to a higher share attributable to agronomic management and socio-economic influences. For both countries, I find that the share of explained weather-related yield variability is higher on an aggregated level than on the regional level. Finally, this combined statistical-process-based approach can be used for assessing weather-related crop yield losses for insurance purposes.

Bei der Publikation handelt es sich um den Abschlussbericht einer erstmals durchgeführten Befragung der Absolventen der Fachrichtung Wasserwesen an der Fakultät Forst-, Geo- und Hydrowissenschaften der TU Dresden zum beruflichen Verbleib und zur retrospektiven Bewertung der Studienqualität. Der vorliegende Abschlussbericht gliedert sich zunächst in eine Kurzzusammenfassung der wichtigsten Ergebnisse, dann in einen Abschnitt zur Anlage und Durchführung der Studie und in Abschnitte zu den einzelnen Themengebieten der Befragung. Im einzelnen wurden in Zusammenarbeit mit der Hochschulleitung der TU Dresden als Ziele und Themen der Absolventenbefragungen formuliert: An erster Stelle stand die Informationsgewinnung zum Verbleib der Absolventen, ihrer Berufsfelder, Einkommen, Arbeitszufriedenheit und Arbeitsmarktchancen. Die Informationsgewinnung zur retrospektiven Bewertung der Qualität der Lehre und des Studiums durch Absolventen stand an zweiter Stelle. So sollen durch die Fakultäten auch Anregungen und Verbesserungsvorschläge zur Reform von Studienprogrammen abgeleitet werden können und Vergleichsmöglichkeiten mit der Bewertung der Lehre und des Studiums durch Studenten gewonnen werden. Weitere Ziele waren Vorbereitungen für kontinuierliche Absolventenbefragungen an allen Fakultäten der TU Dresden sowie Fragebogen-Adaptionen für die Fakultäten Schließlich wurde als langfristiges Ziel die Entwicklung eines fundierten Befragungsdesigns für Längsschnittstudien (Wiederholung der Befragungen nach mehreren Jahren mit denselben und neuen Absolventen) flächendeckend für alle Fakultäten der TU Dresden genannt. Zusätzlich zu den einzelnen Themengebieten der Befragung erfolgte eine Analyse der Bestimmungsgründe beruflichen Erfolgs. Gerade letztere Analyse führte auch zu einigen unerwarteten Ergebnissen. Gängige (hochschulpolitische) Thesen, welche Absolventen besonders erfolgreich seien, konnten nicht bestätigt werden. Andere Eigenschaften erwiesen sich als wesentlich wichtiger. Weitere Informationen zu den Dresdner Absolventenstudien finden Sie auch im Internet unter "www.tu-dresden.de/phfis/lenz/fo/Absolventenstudie.html"