Os distúrbios do desenvolvimento sexual (DDS) 46,XY por anormalidades do desenvolvimento gonadal são doenças genéticas heterogêneas. Os testes genéticos que utilizam o sequenciamento de genes candidatos pelo método de Sanger é efetivo para o diagnóstico etiológico em menos de 40% desses pacientes. O sequenciamento de nova geração é uma ferramenta eficaz no diagnóstico de pacientes com DDSs. No presente estudo, utilizamos o sequenciamento exômico paralelo em larga escala (SEPLE) para identificar variantes alélicas potencialmente causadoras dos DDSs. Pacientes com síndrome de regressão testicular embrionária (SRTE) familial, membros de duas famílias brasileiras não relacionadas (família 1: dois irmãos afetados e pais não afetados e família 2: indivíduo índice, irmã não afetada e sobrinho afetado, filho da irmã do índice) foram selecionados inicialmente. Estes pacientes apresentavam micropenis, testículos ausentes ou disgenéticos e ausência de útero. O DNA genômico foi extraído de leucócitos de sangue periférico e o SEPLE foi realizado usando a plataforma Illumina-HiSeq-2500. Uma nova variante em heterozigose, c.923C > T, (p.Arg308Gln), no DHX37 foi identificada em todos os membros afetados das duas famílias brasileiras. O sequenciamento por Sanger confirmou a presença da variante em todos os afetados, no pai não afetado da F1 e na mãe não afetada do F2. A presença de efeito fundador da variante nestas duas famílias foi excluído, através da análise de 29 marcadores localizados no cromossomo 12q. Trinta e cinco pacientes com 46, XY DDS por anormalidades do desenvolvimento gonadal (6 com SRTE e 29 com disgenesia gonadal) esporádicos foram incluídos na pesquisa de variantes no DHX37 por Sanger ou por painel de genes candidatos (Plataforma Illumina-HiSeq-2500). As variantes c.923C > T, (p.Arg308Gln) em heterozigose e a variante c.451G > A, (p.Arg151Trp) em homozigose foram identificadas no DHX37 em dois pacientes com SRTE esporádicos. As variantes c.142C > T (p.Ala48Thr) e c.2020G > A (p.Arg674Trp) foram identificadas em heterozigose em dois pacientes esporádicos com disgenesia gonadal (DG). De acordo com o American College of Medical Genetics e Genomics guideline (ACMG), as variantes foram classificadas como provavelmente patogênicas (p.Arg308Gln e p.Arg674Trp), variante de significância clínica incerta (p.Arg151Trp) e variante benigna (p.Ala48Thr). Três variantes identificadas no DHX37 eram causadoras de doença em mais de três das ferramentas de previsão in silico utilizadas. Nenhuma das novas variantes no DHX37 foi encontrada nas bases de dados da população disponíveis (EXAC, 1000GENOME, ESP6500, gnomAD e abraOM) com uma frequência maior do que 0,01%. O padrão de metilação da região promotora do DHX37 dos membros afetados e não afetados das famílias 1 e 2 e controles femininos e masculino foi analisado utilizando o ensaio Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip (Illumina). Um sítio CpG hipometilado na região promotora do DHX37 foi observado apenas no pai da F1 quando comparado com as amostras dos filhos afetados, membros da F2 e controles. A análise imuno-histoquímica do padrão de expressão da proteína DHX37 foi realizada em amostras de testículos de oito indivíduos com diferentes idades cronológicas. Esta analise revelou que no tecido testicular de recém-nascidos, indivíduos em idade puberal e adultos, o DHX37 estava expresso em células germinativas em diferentes estágios de maturação (presentes nas espermatogonias, espermatócitos e espermátides e ausente nos espermatozoides). Este achado sugere que a proteína DHX37 pode ter um papel no processo de desenvolvimento das células germinativas. O DHX37 (12q24.31) codifica uma proteína DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) que pertence às famílias RNA helicases cujos membros estão envolvidos em quase todos os processos relacionados ao RNA, bem como ao controle do crescimento, proliferação e processos de diferenciação celular. Pacientes descritos com deleções na região 12q24.31, que contém o DHX37, apresentavam características sindrômicas e anormalidades genitais, como hipospadias ou micropenis. A presença de anormalidades genitais nestes pacientes reforça a hipótese de que o DHX37 está envolvido na etiologia dos DDSs 46,XY. Em conclusão, identificamos fortes evidências de um novo gene, o DHX37, envolvido no processo de desenvolvimento e manutenção das gônadas masculinas. Estudos complementares serão necessários para esclarecer o papel exato do DHX37 nas redes reguladoras de genes que controlam o desenvolvimento sexual humano / 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD) associated with abnormalities of gonadal development are heterogeneous genetic diseases. Genetics testing using Sanger sequencing of candidate genes is effective for diagnosis in less than 40% of these patients. Next-generation sequencing has been a powerful genetic diagnostic tool in the investigation of DSD patients. In the present study, we used the whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify potentially DSD-causing allelic variants. Patients with familial embryonic testicular regression syndrome (ETRS) of two non-related Brazilian families (Family 1 (F1)- two affected brothers and the unaffected parents; Family 2 (F2)- index patient, his unaffected sister and an affected nephew, the son of the index\'s sister) were initially selected. The patients had micropenis, absent or dysgenetic testes and no uterus. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes and WES was performed using the Illumina-HiSeq-2500 platform. A novel heterozygous variant, c.923C > T, (p.Arg308Gln), in the DHX37 gene was identified in all affected members of the two Brazilian families and in F1\'s father. Sanger sequencing confirmed the presence of the variant in the all of the affected members and in F1\'s father and in F2\'s mother. The presence of a founder effect in these families was investigated using 29 markers located on chromosome 12q and was ruled out. Thirty-five additional patients with sporadic 46,XY DSD associated with abnormalities of gonadal development (6 with ETRS and 29 with gonadal dysgenesis) were screened for variants in this novel candidate gene using Sanger or NGS-based targeted sequencing panel of DSD candidate genes (Illumina-HiSeq-2500 platform). The heterozygous variant c.923C > T (p.Arg308Gln) and the homozygous variant c.451G>A, (p.Arg151Trp) in the DHX37 were identified in two sporadic SRTE patients. The heterozygous variants c.142C > T (p.Ala48Thr) and c.2020G > A (p.Arg674Trp) were identified in two sporadic 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis (GD) patients. According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines (ACMG) the variants were classified as likely pathogenic (p.Arg308Gln, p.Arg674Trp), variant of uncertain clinical significance (p.Arg151Trp and) and benign variant (p.Ala48Thr); and all three of them were disease causing in more than three of the in silico prediction tools used. None of the novel DHX37 variants identified were found in the available population databases (EXAC, 1000GENOME, ESP6500, gnomAD and abraOM) in more than 0.01%. Segregation analysis of DHX37 allelic variants was performed in 5 families and resulted in the autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance and recessive inheritance patterns. DNA methylation pattern of the DHX37 promotor region of F1 and F2\'s affected and unaffected members and gender-matched controls was analyzed using the Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip (Illumina). One hypomethylated CpG site in the promoter region of the DHX37 was only observed in F1\'s father compared with the affected siblings, F2\'s members and controls. Immunohistochemical analysis of DHX37 protein expression pattern was performed on testis samples of eight individuals with different chronological ages. This analysis revealed that in the testicular tissue of newborns, pubertal and adults, the DHX37 was expressed in different stages of germ cells maturation (present in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids and absent in spermatozoa). This finding suggests that DHX37 protein might have a role in the process of germ-cells development. The DHX37 (12q24.31) encodes a DEAH (AspGlu- Ala-His) protein of the RNA helicase families, whose members are involved in almost all RNA-related process such as the control of cell growth, proliferation and differentiation processes. Previously described patients with 12q 24.31 deletions, which contains DHX37, showed syndromic features and genital abnormalities as hypospadias or micropenis. This phenotype reinforces the hypothesis that DHX37 is involved in the etiology of disorders in male sex development. In conclusion, a novel gene, the DHX37, involved in the process of development and maintenance of male gonads was identified. Further studies will be necessary to clarify the exact role of the DHX37 in the gene regulatory networks controlling human sex development

Introdução: Várias evidências em estudos de animais knockout sugerem a efetiva participação dos genes Fgf9-Fgfr2 no processo de determinação testicular. Animais XY knockout para os genes Fgf9 e Fgfr2 apresentam reversão sexual como consequência da alteração na cascata de eventos masculinizantes nas gônadas fetais. Até o momento, mutações inativadoras dos genes FGF9-FGFR2 não foram descritas em pacientes 46, XY portadores de disgenesia gonadal. Objetivos: Pesquisar a presença de mutações inativadoras nos genes FGF9 e FGFR2 em pacientes portadores de DDS 46,XY por anormalidades do desenvolvimento gonadal. Casuística e Métodos: Trinta e três pacientes com disgenesia gonadal 46, XY, 11 com a forma completa e 22 com a forma parcial. As regiões codificadoras dos genes FGF9 e FGFR2 de todos os pacientes foram amplificadas e sequenciadas. As investigações quanto a presença de deleções foram realizadas usando-se a técnica de MLPA (Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification). Resultados: Mutações ou deleções nos genes FGF9 não foram encontradas em nenhum dos pacientes estudados, apenas alguns polimorfismos previamente descritos. No gene FGFR2 não foram encontradas deleções. Uma nova variante não sinônima em heterozigose, c.1358 C>T (p.Ser453Leu), localizada no exon 10 do FGFR2 foi encontrada em duas irmãs com disgenesia gonadal parcial 46,XY. A mãe é portadora da variante alélica e o estudo de 147 indivíduos controles não identificou a presença desta variante. A análise da variante em sites de previsão, PolyPhen, SIFT e Mutation Taster indicou que a nova proteína FGFR2 é possivelmente danificada. Conclusões: Se esses resultados dos sites de previsão forem confirmados em estudos funcionais futuros a participação do gene FGFR2 na determinação gonadal masculina em humanos estará comprovada / Introduction: Several evidence in animal studies \"knockout\" suggest the effective participation of Fgf9-Fgfr2 genes in testicular determination process. Animals XY \"knockout\" for Fgf9 and Fgfr2 genes exhibit sex reversal as a result of the change in the cascade of masculinizing events in fetal gonads. To date, So far inactivating mutations of FGF9 and FGFR2 genes have not been described in 46,XY patients with gonadal dysgenesis. Objectives: To investigate the presence of inactivating mutations in the FGF9 and FGFR2 gene in patients with 46,XY DSD by gonadal abnormalities. Casuistic and Methods: Thirty-three patients with 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis, 11 with the full form and 22 with the partial form. The coding regions of FGF9 and FGFR2 genes of all patients were amplified and sequenced. Investigations on the presence of deletions were made using the MLPA technique (\"Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification\"). Results: Mutations or deletions in the FGF9 gene were not found in any of the patients studied, only a few polymorphisms previously described. FGFR2 gene deletions were not found. A new non-synonymous variant in heterozygosis, c.1358 C> T (p.Ser453Leu) located in exon 10 of FGFR2 was found in two sisters with 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis. The mother is a carrier of the variant allele and the study of 147 control subjects did not identify the presence of this variant. The analysis of the variant on prediction sites, \"PolyPhen\", \"SIFT\" and \"Mutation Taster\" indicated that the new FGFR2 protein is possibly damaged. Conclusions: If the results of the prediction sites are confirmed by future functional studies the participation of the FGFR2 gene in human male gonadal determination will be proven

This diploma thesis deals with designing a grade-separated interchange of highways no. I/35 and no. I/46 in Olomouc. This is a grade-separated crossing of two four-banded roads. Some concepts were designed from which a shape modified turbo-roundabout, known as a „dog-bone“, was selected. Futhermore a proposal for a signal plan and capacity assessments of the light controlled intersection were submitted.

A literatura é pródiga em apontar o facciosismo como a norma do sistema partidário vigente à democracia de 46. Em função das constantes cisões verificadas no interior das legendas, a coalizão de apoio ao Executivo no parlamento seria predominantemente concebida ad hoc. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a procedência da referida tese, avaliando o comportamento dos legisladores nas votações realizadas na Câmara dos Deputados entre 1946 e 1964. As informações reunidas no estudo permitem contestar a interpretação usual, comprovando ser incomum a base governista precisar de auxílio externo para assegurar a passagem da própria agenda de trabalho. Somente nas gestões de Getúlio Vargas e Juscelino Kubistchek as contribuições de membros de oposição se fizeram capitais para a aprovação dos programas do governo. Ainda assim, seriam as metas varguistas as mais dependentes deste tipo de subsídio. No quadro geral, o êxito administrativo das presidências decorreria do uso estratégico da verificação de quorum, um procedimento regimental que permitia tanto à situação quanto as demais legendas visualizarem a divisão de forças no plenário, minimizando o efeito-informação de Riker (1962). Desta forma, o governo pôde calcular a melhor estratégia política capaz de lhe certificar a vitória em plenário, independentemente da ajuda dos opositores / The literature tells us that factionalism was the norm in the party system of the Brazils Second Republic (1946-1964). As a result of constant factions within parties, presidential coalitions in the legislature were primarily constructed ad hoc. The objective of this study was to investigate the origin of this argument by analyzing the behavior of legislators on roll call votes in the Chamber of Deputies between 1946 and 1964. The data used in this investigation challenge the conventional wisdom by showing that it was unusual for governing coalitions to need outside help to ensure the adoption of their agendas. Only in the administrations of Getúlio Vargas (1951-1954) and Juscelino Kubistchek (1956-1960) was the support of members of the opposition essential to the approval of government programs, with Vargas agenda being most dependent on this type of support. In general, presidents success arose from the strategic use of verification of quorum, a procedural rule that allowed both the government and the opposition to visualize the division of the forces in the legislature, minimizing Rikers (1962) information effect. Thus, the government could calculate the best political strategy able to ensure victory, independent of opposition support.

Die Leitidee der vorliegenden Untersuchung besteht darin, das Phänomen der von Literatur und Kunst bis auf Populärkultur und Tourismus reichenden Inselfaszination mit Blick auf maßgebliche Denkfiguren und Codes des modernen Wissens zu analysieren. Anschließend an eine phänomenologische und strukturelle Ansicht inselhafter Räume wird im ersten Teil der Arbeit deren mythische, literarische und ikonographische Aneignung von der Antike bis in die Neuzeit schematisiert. Über topische Inhalte hinaus wird der Blick dabei auf eine Reihe formaler Eigenschaften gerichtet, die den Deutungsspielraum von Inselvorstellungen definieren. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit ist der Funktion imaginärer und symbolischer Inselbezüge im Zwischenraum der Entdeckung Tahitis und der romantischen Natur- und Kunstphilosophie gewidmet. Er zielt darauf, die Konstruktion eines modernen Wunschraums nachzuzeichnen, der die Insel als "symbolische Landschaft" an den Horizont eines äußersten Wissens und Genießens setzt. Über die Implementierung eines fiktionalen Inselglücks in Konzeptionen von Landschaft, Erleben, globaler Topographie und Geschichte hinaus geht es dabei um Auswirkungen auf ein modernes Verständnis von Natur, Kunst, Verlangen, Schöpfung und Autorschaft. Deren Beobachtung schlägt der Untersuchung schließlich die Brücke zu Rückkopplungen von Modernität, Primitivismus und Inselphantasien in Konzepten der Avantgarde. Der abschließende dritte Teil der Arbeit unternimmt es zu zeigen, daß die um 1900 vehemente Renaissance einer literarischen und künstlerischen Inselfaszination sowie die gleichzeitigen Artikulationen eines unbewußten oder unsagbaren "Anderen" einander als analoge Denkbewegungen korrespondieren. / The leading idea of this study lies in the analysis of the phenomenon of "Island Fascination", which reaches from literature over fine art to popular culture and tourism. This is done by looking at some of the essential concepts and codes of modern knowledge. A phenomenological and structural view of insular spaces is followed by an outline of their mythic, literary and iconographic interpretation from antiquity to modern times in the first part of the work. The look is directed beyond specific topic contents to a series of formal characteristics, which define the latitude of island interpretations. The second part of the work is concerned with the function of imaginary and symbolic island references between the discovery of Tahiti and the Romantic natural and art philosophy. It sketches the conctruction of a modern space of desire, which presents the island as a "symbolic landscape" at the horizon of a sphere of utmost knowledge and enjoyment. The work tackles the implementation of a fictional insular happiness in concepts of landscape, experience, global topography and history; and it deals with the effects of this topic on modern ideas of nature, art, desire, creation and authority. The analysis of such ideas leads to a closer examination of retroactions of modernity, primitivism and insular imaginations in concepts of the avant-garde. The final third part of the work intends to show that the vehement revival of literary and artistic insular fascination about 1900 corresponds to simultaneous articulations of an unconscious or unspeakable "other".

Seitdem der Computer in den 1990er Jahren zur omnipräsenten Infrastruktur der zeitgenössischen Architekturproduktion wurde, fand die technologische Seite der digitalen Formgenerierung große Aufmerksamkeit, wohingegen die Interpretation von Raum als kontinuierliche Oberfläche eher unterbelichtet blieb. Die relativ einfache und schnelle Erzeugung von Freiformflächen durch entsprechende 3D-Software, die Geschwindigkeit, mit der Computer ständig variable Morphologien und Familien von nicht euklidischen Formen berechnen können, hat zu der Annahme verleitet, die weichen Flächen und räumlichen Konfigurationen seien wissenschaftlich unausweichlich und technologisch prädestiniert. Die Wahl dieser Formen beruht aber weder allein auf einer technologischen Vorgabe noch auf einem rein stilistischen Konzept. Mithilfe neuer Technologien werden zeitbasierte Raummodelle erprobt, die sich vom traditionellen Konzept des kartesischen Raumes als Koordinatensystem abheben. Die Untersuchung und Interpretation dieser Raumvorstellungen und ihrer Semantik bilden den Kernpunkt der vorliegenden Arbeit. Dem rhetorisch formulierten Anspruch nach waren die computergenerierten Formen das Produkt einer Nullsetzung. So stark dieser Anspruch bis heute aufrechterhalten wird, so wenig lässt sich verbergen, dass diese scheinbar neue generierte Bildwelt auf zahlreichen Vorbildern aufbaut. Es sind vor allem die Programme und Projekte gegen eine als monoton und dogmatisch empfundene Architekturmoderne, die auf die Gestalter digitaler Raummodelle eingewirkt haben. Zur Rekonstruktion der Rezeptionslinien werden drei Raumbegriffe bestimmt, die ihre Prägung in der experimentellen Architektur der Nachkriegsmoderne fanden: der endlose Raum, die vernetzte Struktur und die schräge Fläche. Mit diesen Begriffen werden Kontinuitäten und Diskontinuitäten in der Entwicklung der experimentellen Architektur herausgestellt, und die computerbasierten Raumkonzepte einer kritischen Betrachtung unterzogen. / Since the computer became omnipresent infrastructure of contemporary architectural production in the 1990s, a great deal of attention has been given to the technological side of the digital form generation, whereas the interpretation of space as a continuous surface has tended to remain underexposed. The relatively easy and fast generation of free-form surfaces using appropriate 3D software, the speed with which computers are able to calculate constantly variable morphologies and families of non-Euclidean shapes, has led to the assumption that soft surfaces and spatial configurations are scientifically inevitable and technologically predestined. However, the choice of these shapes is neither based on a technological specification nor on a purely stylistic concept. With the help of new technologies, time-based space models are tested, which contrast with the traditional concept of Cartesian space as a coordinate system. The investigation and interpretation of these spatial ideas and their semantics form the core of this work. If the rhetorically worded claim were to be believed, the computer-generated shapes are the product of muting. However strongly this claim has been maintained until now, it is nonetheless hardly possible to conceal that this apparently new generated graphic world is in fact built upon numerous examples. Above all, it is the programs and projects against a modern architecture found to be monotonous and dogmatic, which have influenced the designers of digital spatial models. To reconstruct the reception lines, three spatial terms are defined, which found their style in the experimental architecture of the post-war modern age: the endless space, networked structure and inclined surface. With the help of these terms, continuities and discontinuities are brought out in the development of experimental architecture, and the computer-based spatial concepts are subjected to critical examination.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-03-30T11:33:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Silvana Telles da Silva.pdf: 2749705 bytes, checksum: c7194e4e04e94cb3e38694eff00390b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-30T11:33:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Silvana Telles da Silva.pdf: 2749705 bytes, checksum: c7194e4e04e94cb3e38694eff00390b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-31 / The short democratic experience of the period known as 1946 Republic (1945-1964) is an important reference in the Brazilian political history as a whole. Among some of its main features, we can highlight the promulgation of the 1946 Constitution, important reforms in the electoral legislation on the issue of political participation, the formation of a broad party-political agenda and other factors that reinforce the importance of the conjectural complexity of the period. In this sense, related to the fragility of the political institution scenario, this Master thesis aims to analyze and understand the Brazilian political situation of this the brief democratic period. This analysis will be based on the interpretation of Francisco Clementino de San Tiago Dantas (1911-1964) in the column ?V?rias Not?cias?, published in the ?Jornal do Commercio? between the years 1957-1959. / A curta experi?ncia democr?tica do per?odo conhecido como Rep?blica de 1946 (1945-1964) ? uma importante refer?ncia no conjunto da hist?ria pol?tica brasileira. Dentre algumas de suas principais caracter?sticas, podemos destacar a promulga??o da Constitui??o de 1946, reformas importantes na legisla??o eleitoral acerca da quest?o da participa??o pol?tica, a forma??o de uma ampla agenda pol?tico-partid?ria, entre outros fatores que refor?am a import?ncia da complexidade conjuntural do per?odo. Neste sentido, relacionado ao cen?rio de fragilidade na institui??o pol?tica, a presente disserta??o pretende analisar e compreender a conjuntura pol?tica brasileira do breve per?odo democr?tico. Esta analise ser? feita a partir da interpreta??o de Francisco Clementino de San Tiago Dantas (1911-1964) na coluna ?V?rias not?cias? publicadas no ?Jornal do Commercio? entre os anos de 1957 a 1959

Σκοπός της παρούσας Διπλωματικής Εργασίας είναι η υλοποίηση εφαρμογής για την άντληση δεδομένων από συσκευές μέτρησης ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας και την αποθήκευσή τους σε εξυπηρετητή. Ο έλεγχος των συσκευών μέτρησης και η παρουσίαση των αποθηκευμένων δεδομένων επιτυγχάνεται μέσω κατάλληλα σχεδιασμένης ιστοσελίδας. Η δομή και το περιεχόμενο της παρούσας εργασίας αναλύονται ακολούθως. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο πραγματοποιείται μια εισαγωγή στα Έξυπνα Δίκτυα Ενέργειας, και παρουσιάζεται ένα εννοιολογικό μοντέλο. Στη συνέχεια αναλύονται τα οφέλη ενός τέτοιο Δικτύου και τέλος παρουσιάζονται συνοπτικά οι στόχοι και τα αποτελέσματα των ερευνητικών προγραμμάτων που είναι ενεργά στην Ευρώπη. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο αναλύεται ο όρος της νεφοϋπολογιστικής, παρουσιάζονται αφενός μεν τα πλεονεκτήματα, αφετέρου δε οι προκλήσεις που δημιουργούνται με την χρήση της τεχνολογίας αυτής. Στη συνέχεια επιχειρείται μια ιστορική αναδρομή και τέλος παρουσιάζεται ο εξυπηρετητής που χρησιμοποιείται στην παρούσα εργασία. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο γίνεται παρουσίαση της συσκευής μέτρησης που χρησιμοποιείται για τις ανάγκες της εργασίας. Επίσης παρουσιάζεται το πρωτόκολλο ZigBee, μέσω του οποίου γίνεται επικοινωνία της συγκεκριμένης συσκευής με τον υπολογιστή. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται το Διαδίκτυο των Αντικειμένων. Η λογική συνέχεια αυτής της έννοιας είναι τα Μεγάλου Όγκου Δεδομένα, τα οποία αναλύονται. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζονται κάποια παραδείγματα του Διαδικτύου των Αντικειμένων και εξηγείται ο ρόλος του στο Έξυπνο Δίκτυο Ενέργειας. Στο πέμπτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η υλοποίηση. Αποτελείται από τον σχεδιασμό δύο προγραμμάτων. Το ένα εκτελείται στον υπολογιστή που επικοινωνεί μέσω ZigBee με την συσκευή μέτρησης και το άλλο στον εξυπηρετητή. Επίσης παρουσιάζεται ο σχεδιασμός της ιστοσελίδας που δίνει την δυνατότητα ελέγχου των συσκευών μέτρησης, καθώς και παρουσίασης των έως τώρα μετρήσεων. / The purpose of this diploma thesis is the implementation of an application in order to derive data from an electricity measuring device and store them in a cloud server. A website is designed in order to control the devices and present the data. The structure and the contexts of the present diploma thesis are presented in the following. Chapter one analyzes the Smart Energy Grid and presents a conceptual model. The benefits of the Smart Energy Grid are discussed and a summary of the objectives and results of active European research programs is given. In the second chapter an introduction to Cloud Computing is presented taking into account its advantages and drawbacks. The Cloud Server used in this diploma thesis is presented. The measuring device and ZigBee protocol is discussed in chapter three. Chapter four describes the Internet of Things and Big Data. Examples of Internet of Things are presented. The role of Internet of Things in the Smart Energy Grid is described. In chapter five an analysis of the implementation of the application is given. It consists of two programs. The first one is executed on the computer which is connected to the measuring device through ZigBee. The second one is executed on the Cloud Server. There is also an analysis of the website designed in this diploma thesis.

Typescript. / "April 1987." / Includes bibliograpical references (leaves 160-194). / xii, 194 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Presents direct comparative information on growth and endocrinological aspects of reproductive development in intact and gonadectomized male and female Merino lambs born in autumn and treated prepubertally with either a non-aromatizable androgen (trenbolone acetate) with higher androgenic potency than testosterone, oestradiol -17beta(oestradiol), or a combination of these two steroid hormones. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Animal Sciences, 1988

Διανύουμε μία εποχή όπου επιστήμονες διαφορετικών πεδίων καλούνται να συνεργαστούν για να ερμηνεύσουν τον αντίκτυπο και τις επιδράσεις του διαδικτύου στην καθημερινή ζωή. Η τεχνολογική επανάσταση των τελευταίων δεκαετιών στα πεδία της πληροφορικής και των επικοινωνιών συνέβαλε καθοριστικά στην αλλαγή του τρόπου οργάνωσης της εργασίας και του επιχειρείν, της επικοινωνίας, της διασύνδεσης και εν γένει της καθημερινής ζωής. Τα πληροφοριακά συστήματα εξελίχθηκαν και επεκτάθηκαν με ιλιγγιώδεις ρυθμούς. Καθημερινά, εκατομμύρια χρηστών, σε ολόκληρο τον κόσμο, απευθύνονται στο διαδίκτυο, χωρίς κάποιο συγκεκριμένο στόχο, με την ίδια ευκολία που ανοίγουν την τηλεόραση. Σε αντίθεση, όμως, με την τηλεόραση, οι χρήστες στο διαδίκτυο έχουν τη δυνατότητα αλληλεπίδρασης και παραγωγής περιεχομένου. Αυτό σημαίνει, ότι οι χρήστες επικοινωνούν, αλληλεπιδρούν και εκφράζουν την άποψή τους, που αυτόματα δημοσιοποιείται. Ταυτόχρονα, έχουν τη δυνατότητα να δημιουργούν οι ίδιοι ιστοσελίδες, ιστολόγια, διαφόρων ειδών ηλεκτρονικές εφαρμογές και κοινωνικά δίκτυα. Στη σύγχρονη εποχή, η χρήση του διαδικτύου αποτελεί το σημαντικότερο εργαλείο για τη δημιουργία πρόσφορου εδάφους με σκοπό την έκφραση απόψεων και την ανάπτυξη προβληματισμών σχετικά με όλα τα σύγχρονα κοινωνικά θέματα. Η βία αποτελεί μία κατ’ εξοχήν παραδειγματική περίπτωση έννοιας ευρύτερου δημοσίου ενδιαφέροντος, για την οποία εκφέρονται γνώμες, εκφράζονται απόψεις, υπαγορεύονται στάσεις και συμπεριφορές, από το σύνολο των σύγχρονων αναπτυγμένων κοινωνιών. Παράλληλα, όμως, αποτελεί ένα σύγχρονο γνωστικό πεδίο, με το οποίο ασχολείται ένα ευρύ φάσμα διεπιστημονικού ενδιαφέροντος, όπως οι κοινωνικές, ανθρωπιστικές και νομικές επιστήμες, καθώς και οι επιστήμες της πληροφορικής, της ψυχικής και της σωματικής υγείας. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να αξιοποιηθεί η κοινωνική δικτύωση προς όφελος των ευάλωτων κοινωνικών ομάδων, και ιδιαίτερα όσων έχουν βιώσει και υφίστανται κακοποίηση, αλλά και, εν γένει, έχουν υποστεί διάφορες μορφές βίας. / We live in an era where scientists of different fields are called to cooperate in order to interpret the impact and the effects of internet in daily life. The technological revolution of the last decades at the fields of informatics and communication, contributed decisively and changed the way of organizing business and trade, communication, interconnection and generally daily life. The informative systems have developed and have extended at a lightning speed. Daily, hundreds of users, worldwide, enter the internet, without any particular target; with the same facility they open the television. But, in contrast to the TV, the internet users have the possibility to interact and product content. That means that the users communicate, interact and express their opinions, which are, automatically, published. At the same time, they have the possibility to create sites, blogs, different kinds of applications and social networks. In the recent era, the usage of internet constitutes the most important tool for the creation of proper field so as to express opinions and to develop speculations relatively to all the contemporary social issues. Violence constitutes one exemplary case of notion of wider public interest, for which opinions are expressed and attitudes are dictated, from the entirety of the contemporary developed societies. Simultaneously, violence constitutes a contemporary scientific field, with which a wide spectrum of scientists of different fields have treated, such as social, human and law sciences, as also sciences of informatics, mental and corporal health. Main purpose of this diplomatic research is to exploit the social networking at the advantage of the vulnerable social groups, and especially of those whose have suffered the abuse, but also, of those who have generally suffered different types of violence.