International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / This paper is a follow up to a paper presented at ITC 2002 entitled “Wireless Local Area Network for Data Telemetry from Fast Moving Nodes” by R. J. Bamberger, G. R. Barrett, R. A. Nichols, and J. L. Burbank of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, and M. H. Lauss of the Yuma Test Center at the U.S. Army Yuma Proving Ground (YPG). In that paper, network-centric data telemetry systems, specifically those based on commercial off- the-shelf (COTS) technologies such as the IEEE 802.11b Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), were offered as an improvement over traditional frequency modulated (FM) data telemetry systems. The feasibility study of using WLANs for data telemetry considered both the radio frequency (RF) link over extended ranges and the effect due to Doppler shift. This paper describes an experiment designed to test those previous analyses.

Biblical and Ancient Studies / M.Th. (Old Testament)

In the earlier part of this century, archaeology was imported into biblical studies as a tool to demonstrate the historical accuracy of the Bible. Methodological differences, however, prevented very meaningful dialogue and eventually the two disciplines drifted apart. Archaeology has matured in the intervening years and now can enter a dialogue with biblical studies as an independent discipline. While biblical studies and archaeology work with different sets of data and approach the same subject with different questions, the disciplines can meaningfully intersect when they are interpreted through the perspective of anthropology of religion. Anthropology, with its study of the nature of religion and ritual, provides a matrix into which archaeology and biblical studies can place their respective data and find an interpretive framework. This dissertation uses Josiah's reforms (2 Kings 23) as a test case to bring archaeology and biblical studies into dialogue. The text lists activities and artifacts that were objects of Josiah's reform. The first three chapters deal with biblical and general anthropological data. Chapters four and five focus specifically on bamot and goddess worship. Chapter six discusses an array of artifacts: worship of the heavenly bodies, cult functionaries, child sacrifice, standing stones, the occult, and figurines. Each section examines the biblical data, anthropological theory, and any artifactual evidence that might reflect cultic practices. The purpose has been not to offer a comprehensive or exhaustive list of artifacts, but to show the types of objects that attracted Josiah's attention.

La protéine Nef du VIH-1 joue un rôle important dans la pathogenèse du VIH-1 en modulant les voies de signalisation de la cellule hôte. La signalisation par le TcR est essentielle à la sélection positive pour générer les cellules simples positives (SP) CD4+ et simples positives (SP) CD8+, processus largement dépendant de l’activité de la Src kinase Lck et de son habileté à lier la queue cytoplasmique des corécepteurs CD4 et CD8. Nous avons précédemment trouvé que l’expression de Nef dans le VIH ou VIS peut induire une sévère déplétion des thymocytes et une baisse d’expression du corécepteur CD4 à la membrane. Nous avons également montré que Nef bloque la génération des thymocytes doubles positifs (DP) CD4+ CD8+ en plus d’altérer la transition des cellules DP vers CD4+ SP. Par contre, ce phénotype est récupérable par plusieurs approches dont le croisement d’une souris transgéniques exprimant Nef avec une souris exprimant la forme constitutivement active de Lck Y505F. Les résultats indiquent que la maturation des cellules CD4+ est altérée par le dysfonctionnement de la signalisation CD4-Lck. Toutefois, les mécanismes moléculaires par lesquels Nef contribue au bloc de la génération des cellules CD4+ dans le thymus demeurent très imprécis. Dans cette étude, en utilisant des approches biochimiques et de microscopie confocale, nous avons trouvé que les thymocytes transgéniques Nef+ expriment plus de Lck que les thymocytes Nef-. Malgré cette augmentation, une partie significative de Lck est incapable d’atteindre la membrane plasmique. Cette fraction était significativement accumulée dans un compartiment intracellulaire des thymocytes transgéniques exprimant Nef. Également, en utilisant la technique d’essai kinase in vitro, nous avons trouvé que l’activité kinase de Lck est significativement augmentée dans les thymocytes transgéniques mais demeure stable suite à une stimulation par un α-CD3ε + α-CD4. Également, comparativement aux thymocytes Nef-, la kinase Lck dans les thymocytes transgéniques était résistante à la dégradation suite à une stimulation. En examinant le statut de c-Cbl, le principal régulateur négatif de Lck, nous avons montré que c-Cbl colocalise faiblement avec Lck, malgré son hyperphosphorylation constitutive. Ceci pourrait expliquer l’échec de la dégradation de Lck. En plus, nous avons trouvé que suite à une stimulation par un α-CD3ε + α-CD4, la phosphorylation de Zap-70 en tyrosine 493 par Lck est diminuée, résultant d’une importante baisse de l’activité kinase de Zap-70 et d’un bloc des premiers évènements de la voie de signalisation par le TcR. Ces données indiquent que la signalisation CD4-Lck est interrompue par la présence de Nef. / HIV-1 Nef protein plays an essential role in the HIV-1 pathogenesis by modulating the host signaling transduction pathways. TcR signalling is important for the thymic selection process to CD4 and CD8 single positive T cells and is greatly dependent on the activity of Src kinase Lck and its ability to bind to CD4 and CD8 cytoplasmic tail. We previously found that expression of HIV or SIV Nef can induce severe thymocytes depletion and downregulation of CD4 expression in Nef+ mice. We also recently showed that Nef blocks generation of double positive thymocytes and impairs DP to CD4+ SP T cells transition. The reversal of this phenotype was accomplished by several approaches, among them by crossing Nef+ mice with mice expressing constitutively active Lck Y505F. These results imply that the maturation of CD4+ T cells is disrupted due to impairment of Lck-mediated CD4 receptor signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms by which Nef contributes to the impairment in thymic CD4 generation remains largely unclear. In this study, using confocal microscopy and biochemical approaches, we found that Nef+ thymocytes express more Lck than the Nef- control. Despite of this increase, a significant portion of Lck molecules were unable to reach to the plasma membrane. It was significantly accumulated in the intracellular endosomal compartment of the Nef+ thymocytes. Moreover, using IVKA we found that the activity of Lck is significantly increased in Nef+ thymocytes but was not further increased upon stimulation by α-CD3ε, α-CD4 or α-CD3ε + α-CD4. Moreover, compared to Nef- controls, Lck kinase in Nef+ thymocytes was resistant to degradation upon stimulation. Examining the status of c-Cbl, the main negative regulator of Lck, showed that c-Cbl localized with Lck poorly, despite his constitutive hyperphosphorylation. This explains the failure of Lck degradation. In addition, we found that upon stimulation, Zap-70 phosphorylation at tyrosine 493 by Lck is decreased, resulting by a decrease of Zap-70 kinase activity and TcR proximal event block. These data indicate that CD4-Lck signaling was interrupted by the presence of Nef.

A tese Uma bricolagem virtual infinita: A representação do indígena no trabalho de Claudia Andujar tem como objetivo revisitar a produção de Claudia Andujar que ganha notoriedade por sua atuação junto aos Yanomami a partir dos anos de 1960/70. A pesquisa busca aprofundar a discussão crítica sobre muitos dos aspectos envolvidos naquelas imagens, evitando a estratégia de uma atribuição de valor externa à própria obra. O tema indígena no qual Andujar se detém traz cargas simbólicas históricas que poderiam conduzir a compreensão das fotografias como documentais stricto senso. A observação das imagens leva, no entanto, a uma concepção muito mais ampliada, constituída por uma complexa teia de relações presentes tanto na construção estética/ formal das fotografias como na maneira como se relacionam com o contexto em que são realizadas. / The purpose of the thesis Uma bricolagem virtual infinita: A representação do indígena no trabalho de Claudia Andujar is to revisit the works of Claudia Andujar who obtains notoriety for her work with the Yanomami in the 1960\'s and 1970\'s. The research deepens the critical discussion about many aspects involved in those images, avoiding a strategy which assigns external value to the work itself. The indigenous issue to which Andujar pays attention brings symbolic and historical meaning that might lead to the comprehension of the photographs as documentary in the stricto sense. The observation of the images, however, leads to a much broader concept, consisting of a complex net of relationships present in the aesthetic/formal construction of photographs, as well as in the way in which photographs are related with the context in which they are taken.

Neste trabalho proponho uma relação entre literatura e história a partir do conceito de historicidades distorcidas. Partindo da obra galáxias, de Haroldo de Campos, volto-me aos anos 70 para pensar uma historicidade que consiga levar em contas as múltiplas historicidades em jogo, muitas vezes entrecruzando-se, sem que se caia no relativismo ou em uma nova tentativa de construir narrativas. Para tanto, sob o conceito de historicidades distorcidas, mostro que o regime de historicidade de um poema é relacional, ou seja, só existe em relação a um outro regime de historicidade, seja ele do leitor, de outro poema ou de ambos. Essa maneira de pensar a relação entre literatura e história passa a ser a mais funcional, assim defendo, pois vimos experimentando o que chamo de perda de lastro discursivo: um aumento da distância, temporal e espacial, entre o espaço de experiência e o horizonte de expectativa (Koselleck, 2006), que leva a uma diminuição daquilo que compartilhamos como mínimo múltiplo comum discursivo: o contexto, a fraseologia, o que é ou não ideológico, o que é ou não cinismo. Nessa combinação entre uma concepção dos regimes de historicidade vistos de forma relacional, as historicidades distorcidas, e a diminuição daquilo que compartilhamos em nosso espaço público discursivo, a perda do lastro discursivo, termino propondo, no último capítulo, uma prática historiográfica, terminando em uma possível ontologia variável do poema. / In this thesis, I propose a relationship between literature and history from the concept of distorted historicities. Departing the work galaxies, by Haroldo de Campos, I turn to the 70s to think such a historicity that can take on multiple historicities accounts, often crisscrossing up without it falling into relativism or into a new attempt to build big narratives. To this end, under the concept of distorted historicities, I show that the historicitys regime of a poem is relational, which means that it exists only in relation to one another historicitys regime, whether the reader, another poem or both. That way of thinking about the relationship between literature and history becomes the most functional as well, I argue, as we are experiencing what I call the loss of discursive ballast: an increase of the distance, both in time and space, between the space of experience and the horizon expectation (Koselleck, 2006), which leads to a decrease of what we share as our discursive least common multiple: the context, the phraseology, what is or is not ideological, what is or is not cynicism. This combination of a conception of historicity schemes seen relationally, what I call distorted historicity, and the reduction of what we share in our discursive public space, the loss of discursive ballast, I end offering, in the last chapter, a historiographical practice, ending in a possible variable ontology of the poem.

O contato ocidental com outras sociedades sempre estimulou uma produção imagética interessada em retratar esse outro e, no caso dos povos originários do que hoje é o território brasileiro, esses sempre serviram como tema a uma série de representações muito variadas, conforme os padrões culturais e o pensamento da época de sua produção. Entretanto, nas artes do século XX, a imagem do índio começa a mudar de maneira significativa. Dentre as décadas de 1970 e 1980, mudanças na produção artística são observáveis e novos conteúdos começam a ser privilegiados ao mesmo tempo em que chama a atenção a ascensão de pautas indígenas, dentre outras do contexto político específico dessas décadas. O presente trabalho parte do reconhecimento de uma mudança no tratamento de povos indígenas na arte enquanto um tema. Tenta avaliar as potencialidades interpretativas no uso desse tema, de onde parte esse interesse e como pensar o lugar que o artista passa a ocupar ao falar desses povos. Diante de outros problemas diagnosticados no tocante a arte e povos indígenas, a pesquisa também delineará outros debates envolvendo essas categorias que têm chamado a atenção da historiografia da arte nos últimos tempos. / The western contact with other societies has always motivated the creation of pieces dedicated to portrait the other. Concerning the original inhabitants from what today is known as the brazilian territory, they have always appeared in a variety of images, portraited according to the thinking and cultural standards of the time these same images were made. However, in the 20th century art, the portrait of indigenous people changes significantly. Between 1970 and 1980, Brazilian art goes through noticeable changes and new contents take place at the same time the country watches the rise of the debate about indigenous peoples rights all inside the very specific political context of these decades. The present work comes from the assumption that indiginous people have always been a subject in art, but aims to undersand the many ways artists refer to this subject, where the interest on indigenous people comes from and what the role of the artist is when talking about these peoples. Other problems have been noticed concerning art and indigienous people, therefore, the present work will also map some other matters surronding these categories that have been recently debated by art history.

Orientador: Ilda de Godoy / Resumo: O tabagismo é responsável pelo maior número de mortes evitáveis ​​no mundo e está relacionado ao desenvolvimento de várias doenças, principalmente a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC). Assim, a busca por biomarcadores precoces torna-se relevante para sua identificação e para o sucesso terapêutico. Os objetivos do nosso estudo foram avaliar a concentração da proteína de choque térmico 70 (HSP70), expressão do gene HSP70, anticorpos anti-HSP70 auto, marcador inflamatório sistêmico através da citocina interleucina-8 (IL-8) e proteína C reativa (PCR), alterações imunológicas e danos no DNA no sangue periférico de fumantes crônicos assintomáticos e não fumantes. Nossos resultados mostraram concentrações séricas aumentadas de HSP70, anti-HSP70, IL-8, PCR e neutrófilos, e danos no DNA de células sanguíneas de fumantes em comparação ao não-fumantes. Portanto, o tabagismo foi responsável por levar a alteração nos parâmetros fisiológicos e moleculares associados ao risco de desenvolver DPOC e outras doenças pulmonares. Com base nos dados, sugerimos que a HSP70 pode ser responsável pelo aumento dos níveis de citocinas inflamatórias e, consequentemente, o aumento do influxo de neutrófilos para os pulmões e aumento dos danos ao DNA e auto-anticorpos anti-HSP70. / Abstract: Smoking is responsible for the largest number of preventable deaths in the world, and is related to the development of several diseases, mainly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thus, the search for early biomarkers of such diseases becomes relevant for their identification and for successful therapy. The objectives of our study were to evaluate the concentration of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), expression of the HSP70 gene, anti-HSP70 auto antibodies, the systemic inflammatory marker through cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) and CPR, immunological changes and DNA damage in peripheral blood of chronic asymptomatic smokers and non-smokers. Our results showed increased serum concentrations of HSP70, anti-HSP70, IL-8, CPR and neutrophils, and DNA damage in blood cells of smokers than in non-smokers. Therefore, cigarette smoking was confirmed as a noxious agent on physiological and molecular parameters associated with the risk for developing COPD and other lung diseases. Based on the data we suggest that HSP70 can be responsible for the increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, and consequently, the increased influx of neutrophils into the lungs and increased DNA damages e anti-HSP70 auto antibodies. / Doutor

This research grows out of an interest in what scholars commonly call the wisdom tradition of the ancient near east. This tradition or movement involved groups of thinkers and writers, known collectively as scribes, who were concerned in a philosophical way with the problems of living, and with principles of living well. Such communities are known to have flourished in Egypt, the various kingdoms of Mesopotamia, and western Asia, from at least the middle of the third millennium B.C. These scribal communities are also known to have sponsored schools, intended primarily for training in statecraft and the professions, but also for training in the scribal profession per se. The documentary and historical record indicates that such schools provided education from the most rudimentary level of literacy and writing to the most advanced levels of scribal scholarship. These advanced levels of training were functionally equivalent to what is nowadays known as higher education; and the ideals, the philosophy, which guided this enterprise found expression in a corpus of literature bearing the name "wisdom." The problem for this dissertation is whether or not there was in ancient Israel, specifically in the Solomonic era (10th century, B.C.), such an advanced scribal school associated with a Hebrew wisdom tradition. This is a research problem precisely because the evidence for such a school in Israel is both less abundant and less accessible than for the rest of the ancient near east.

The purpose of this master’s thesis is to examine the activity at the library and preschool at Kristineberg (a part of the town of Borås) and its underlying approach. How do the activities agree with the ideological attitudes of the 1970s? To answer these questions I have carried out a case study based on qualitative interviews. The theoretical background includes ideas of the library, the community center and the cultural activity at the library. From this a theoretical synthesis containing two anti-poles is made using Skot-Hansen’s presentation of attitudes to culture: The humanistic and the sociological attitude. The empirical material has been structured by means of a content analysis, using keywords and arguments associated with each side of the theoretical synthesis. My conclusion is that the activities at the library and the preschool of Kristineberg show a great similarity with the sociological attitude of the 1970s. In discussions about the branch library, the preschool and the community center you can find ideas about creating a meeting place in the local area with the function of integrating people and stimulating their creativity. This is found in the attitude of the informants as well as in the activity at Kristineberg. In spite of this there are also humanistic elements but only to some extent.