Esta tese centra-se nas operações artísticas dos brasileiros Cildo Meireles e Paulo Bruscky e do coletivo catalão Grup de Treball, nos anos 70. Ancorada na teoria e método da psicanálise e na história, teoria e critica de arte contemporânea, debruça-se sobre os atos de criação desses artistas, sublinhando e entrecruzando as singularidades de suas poéticas. Em um tempo permeado pela violência e censura ditatorial, tanto no Brasil quanto na Espanha, esses artistas, de diferentes formas, tinham o ato criativo como estratégia critica e política de transformação. No despertar da arte contemporânea, revelam que as transformações do objeto de arte comportam, necessariamente, uma alteração nos seus objetivos e em sua dimensão utópica. / This thesis focuses on the operations of the Brazilian artistic Cildo Meireles and Paul Bruscky and the collective Catalan Group Treball, in 70 years. Grounded in theory and method of psychoanalysis and history, theory and criticism of contemporary art, focuses on the acts of creation of these artists, underlining and crisscrossing the singularities of their poetry. In a time permeated by violence and censorship dictatorship, in Brazil, as in Spain, these artists, in different ways, had the creative act as a critical strategy and political transformation. In the wake of contemporary art, reveal that the transformation of the art object, involves necessarily a change in its objectives and its utopian dimension. / Esta tesis se centra en las operaciones artísticas de los brasileños Cildo Meireles y Paulo Bruscky y del colectivo Catalán Grupo de Treball en los años 70. Basado en la teoría y el método del psicoanálisis y en la historia, teoría y crítica del arte contemporáneo, se centra en los actos de creación de estos artistas, destacando y entrecruzando las singularidades de su arte. En una época impregnada por la violencia y la censura de la dictadura, en Brasil, como en España, estos artistas, de diferentes maneras, tuvieran el acto creativo como una estrategia crítica y de transformación política. En la estela del arte contemporáneo, ponen de manifiesto que la transformación del objeto de arte implica necesariamente, un cambio en sus objetivos y en su dimensión utópica.

Nessa tese de doutorado, efetuo uma análise crítica da produção artística brasileira no trânsito da década de 60 para 70 do século XX, dentro dos pressupostos das teorias feministas de crítica cultural, com ênfase nas possibilidades de subjetivação do feminino pela prática artística. Para ser mais específica, preocupo-me aqui com certos trabalhos realizados por trinta artistas mulheres atuantes no período, contemporâneas entre si e do advento do feminismo de segunda onda no país, que envolvam as preocupações estéticas e plásticas em voga, e que permitam uma abordagem de crítica feminista justamente por trabalharem com problemáticas corpóreas e identitárias, que abarcam principalmente os limites e/ou possibilidades dos processos de subjetivação pela ótica dos confrontos e subversões do gênero. / In this PHD Dissertation, I make a critical analysis of Brazilian artistic production in traffic of the 60 to 70 of the twentieth century, within the assumptions of feminist theories of cultural criticism, emphasizing the possibilities of female subjectivity by artistic practice. To be more specific, I am concerned here with some work done by thirty women artists working in this period, contemporary with each other and to the advent of the second feminism wave in the country, involving the aesthetic and plastic concerns in vogue, and that allow the approach of a feminist criticism, since they worki with body and identity issues, which mainly cover the limits and/or possibilities of subjective processes from the perspective of confrontations and subversions of the genre.

A dissertação aqui presente procura cartografar a produção artística da brasileira Regina Vater, desde seu período de formação durante os anos 60 no Rio de Janeiro, até meados da década de 90, quando já fixara residência nos EUA. Vater é contemporânea de um período fértil da produção plástica nacional, tendo participado tanto dos pressupostos figurativos dos anos 60, até os conceitualismos dos 70, culminando assim nas décadas seguintes em um ecologismo artístico votivo que se perpetua até os dias atuais. Nesse percurso, deu-se ênfase nas relações entre sua produção artística e o movimento feminista brasileiro, procurando com isso estabelecer vínculos teóricos e críticos com as principais questões feministas em voga e as práticas artísticas conceitualistas e de vanguarda. / The dissertation presented here seeks to chart the artistic production of the Brazilian artist Regina Vater, since her formation during the period of 60`s in Rio de Janeiro until the mid-90´s, when she already set residence in the U.S.. Vater is contemporary of a fertile plastic production in the country, taking part in both figurative assumptions of 60´s, until the conceptualism of 70´s, thus leading to the following decades in an artistic votive environmentalism that is perpetuated to this day. In this course, was placed emphasis on the relationship between artistic production and Brazilian feminist movement, seeking to establish theorists and critics links with the principal feminist issues and practices in vogue and the artistic avant-garde and conceptual.

Submitted by Maria Dulce (mdulce@ndc.uff.br) on 2014-02-19T20:52:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Pinheiro, Pedro-Disser-2013.pdf: 1494000 bytes, checksum: 4ace873d951330464bcf5d136a1d6a74 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-02-19T20:52:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pinheiro, Pedro-Disser-2013.pdf: 1494000 bytes, checksum: 4ace873d951330464bcf5d136a1d6a74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Este trabalho procura dar conta da ascensão de Jimmy Carter dentro do Partido Democrata, no caminho percorrido por ele até chegar à presidência dos EUA. Não se trata, contudo, de uma biografia; o trabalho procura inserir a trajetória pessoal de Carter no contexto maior das transformações políticas, sociais e econômicas pelas quais passavam os EUA na década de 70. Para tanto, concebemos uma tríade de atores sociais, composta por militantes profissionais do partido, integrantes de movimentos sociais e funcionários tecnocratas da área econômica. Nosso objetivo é observar pontos de interação e atritos entre esses agentes, dentro e fora do governo, de modo a compreender a formação de uma cultura política específica do Partido Democrata, cuja origem está no seu processo de nacionalização e unificação. Procuramos ainda relacionar a crise de governabilidade enfrentada por Carter durante seu mandato com as estratégias legislativas do governo, as condicionantes econômicas e políticas do período, e a percepção do governo e da liderança pessoal de Carter por parte da opinião pública. / This study is an attempt to understand the rise pf Jimmy Carter inside the Democratic Party, on his way to the presidency of the United States. It isn’t a biography, however, this work tries to frame Carter’s personal path inside the larger context of the political, social and economic changes of United States during the 70’s. For this purpose, we conceived a triad of social actors, composed by professional politicians of the party, members of social movements and technocrats of the economic area. Our goal is to observe points of interaction and conflicts among these agents, inside and outside the government, in order to understand the building of a political culture that is specific of the Democratic Party, whose origin is related to its process of nationalization and unification. We try also to relate the crisis of governability faced by Carter during his term with the legislative strategies of the administration, the economic and political constraints of the period, and the perception of the government and of Carter’s personal leadership by the public opinion.

La leucémie lymphoïde chronique (LLC) est particulièrement associée aux cytopénies auto-immunes (AIC). L’expression de ZAP-70 dans la LLC est un facteur pronostique,due à une forte signalisation par le BCR. Nous décrivons une nouvelle population B normale (LyBn) qui exprime ZAP-70. Ces LyBn ZAP-70+ ne semble pas appartenir à une sous-population LyB particulière, et elles n’ont pas un phénotype activé. L’expression de ZAP-70 dans les LyB naïves suggère que ce phénomène est précoce. Il y a une bonne corrélation dans le niveau de ZAP-70 entre les LyBn et les LyB de LLC. Les LyBn ZAP-70+ ont été retrouvé dans tous les cas de AIC associée à la LLC.L’analyse des anticorps monoclonaux prévenant de LyB ZAP-70+ et des souris ZAP-70KI, réalisés pendant ce travail, définiront les conséquences de la surexpression de ZAP-70 dans les LyB dans la pathogénèse de l’auto-immunité et de la lymphoprolifération. / Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is particularly associated with autoimmune cytopenia (AIC). The expression of ZAP-70 in CLL cells is a prognostic factor, through increased BCR signaling. We described a novel normal B cell population (LyBn) that expresses ZAP-70. ZAP-70+ LyBn do not seem to belong to a certain subset of B cells, nor seem to have an activated phenotype. The presence of ZAP-70 in the naïve B cell subset suggests that this is an early process, which probably occurs before malignant transformation. There is a good correlation in the level of ZAP-70 expression, between normal B cells and CLL B cells. We found a significant percentage of ZAP-70+ LyBn in all AIC-associated CLLs. Analysis of monoclonal antibodies and of conditional ZAP-70KI mouse model synthesized in this work will clarify the consequences of aberrant ZAP-70 expression in B cells on autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation.

Les lymphocytes T sont caractérisés par l’expression d’un récepteur à l’antigène des cellules T (TCR), soit le preTCR, soit le γδ TCR et le αβ TCR clonotypique, associé à un complexe de transduction formé du CD3 et de la chaîne ζ. La signalisation du complexe TCR:CD3:ζ est cruciale pour le développement des cellules T et pour leur activation spécifique par l'antigène. Ces signaux déclenchent la prolifération, la différentation, les fonctions effectrices et l’apoptose des cellules T. Les évènements proximaux de la signalisation du TCR:CD3:ζ impliquent des protéines tyrosine kinases (PTK) des familles CSK, SRC, SYK et TEC dont les acteurs principaux sont CSK (C-terminal SRC kinase), LCK (lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase), ZAP-70 (ζ chain-associated protein tyrosine kinase of 70 kDa) et ITK (interleukin-2-inducible T cell kinase). Après stimulation du complexe TCR:CD3:ζ, les PTKs sont activées et déclenchent une cascade de phosphorylation sur tyrosine dont la phosphorylation des motifs activateurs ITAM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif) du CD3 et de la chaîne ζ, et la phosphorylation des protéines adaptrices. Celles-ci conduisent à l’assemblage du signalosome LAT:SLP-76, lequel contrôle en grande partie la diversité des signaux associés au complex TCR:CD3:ζ, dont le flux calcique, l’activation de la cascade des MAP kinases, l’activation des facteurs de transcription NF-κB, NFAT et AP-1 ainsi que la réorganisation du cytosquellette d’actine, l’adhésion cellulaire et la motilité. Pendant les cinq dernières décennies, le système immunitaire a été analysé extensivement in vitro et à l’aide de modèles animaux comme la souris. Par ailleurs, l’étude des déficits immunitaires héréditaires chez l’homme a permis aussi des avancées importantes et novatrices dans la compréhension du système immunitaire humain que les modèles animaux ne permettaient pas d’appréhender. Dans ma thèse de doctorat je rapporte le premier cas de déficit humain en LCK de transmission autosomique récessive et l’identification de nouvelles mutations autosomiques récessives provoquant un défaut humain de ZAP-70 et un défaut humain d’ITK. Je rends compte des phénotypes cliniques et immunologiques associés à ces immunodéficiences et je caractérise les défauts biochimiques de la signalisation TCR:CD3:ζ associés à ces déficits. Enfin, je compare mes observations avec les modèles murins déficients Lck-/-, Zap-70-/- et Itk-/- déjà bien établis. / T lymphocytes express either a preTCR, or a clonotypic γδ TCR or αβ TCR together with the CD3-complex and the associated ζ-chain. TCR:CD3:ζ-signalling is crucial for T cell development and antigen-specific activation including proliferation, differentiation, effector functions and apoptosis of mature T cells. Protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) cascades lie at the heart of proximal TCR:CD3:ζ-signalling. The CSK-, SRC-, SYK- and TEC-family members C-terminal SRC kinase (CSK), lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK), ζ-chain associated protein tyrosine kinase of 70 kDa (ZAP-70) and interleukin-2-inducible T cell kinase (ITK), respectively, are the major T cell players. After TCR:CD3:ζ-complex triggering, activation of PTKs results in tyrosine phosphorylation signals. These include phosphorylation of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) of the CD3 and ζ-chains, and adaptor proteins that nucleate the proximal LAT:SLP-76-signalosome controlling almost all TCR:CD3:ζ-induced signalling events. These events initiate Ca2+-flux, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), activation of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB), activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) as well as actin reorganization, cell-adhesion and motility. Throughout the last five decades, the immune system has been extensively investigated in vitro and in animal models such as the murine system. Additionally, studying and taking care of human primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) has been seminal for our understanding of the human immune system as animal models not always recapitulate the subtleties found in men. In my doctoral thesis I report the first case of autosomal recessive human LCK-deficiency, a novel autosomal recessive mutation leading to human ZAP-70-deficiency and a novel autosomal recessive mutation leading to human ITK-deficiency. I provide detailed clinical, immunological and biochemical analyses especially of TCR:CD3:ζ-signalling and compare my findings to the well-established Lck-/-, Zap-70-/- and Itk-/- murine models.

This diploma thesis The image of American Movie Production in Czechoslovak Media of 1970's focuses on how the Czechoslovak media in the 1970's created the public perception of movies which had come from the American distribution to Czechoslovakia or were projected in the cinemas among the years 1970-1979. This thesis analyzes the manner in which selected national print media, influenced by the political trends, being partly designed for the general public (daily newspaper Rudé právo, Lidová demokracie) and partly addressed to specific target groups (film periodical Film a doba, Filmový přehled, Kino), reflected the issue and the contribution of individual movies; all of that under specific political and cultural circumstances. The main theme is the usage of the movie production and its presentation as a contemporary propaganda tool. The analytic part is based on examination of several articles and reviews found in some selected media and connected to the movies or its actors and makers. The analysis is focused on important arguments and assessments in the frame of the contemporary political development. The comparison of how the issue was perceived by the daily newspapers and by the film journals hopes to bring a new aspect and a new point of view to the film and history studies. .

Abstrakt: År 2019 rapporterar media att ett nytt virus har tagit fart i Kina. Därefter kommer även utlåtanden från myndigheter, det har konstaterats att ett nytt virus som liknar lunginflammation börjat spridas i en matmarknad i Wuhan. När allvaret med virussjukdomen kontaterats hade viruset fått en snabb spridning till stora delar av världen. Myndigheter gick ut med rekommendationer för att minska smittspridning bland riskgrupper. De som tillhörde riskgrupperna var främst äldre och och multisjuka individer. Folkhälsomyndigheten i Sverige gick ut med rekommendationer till personer över 70 år. rekommendationerna uppmanade till social distansering. Bakgrund: Att bearbeta information och olika rekommendationer från myndigheter kan vara svårt och ibland skrämmande. Människor kan ha utvecklat en misstro för olika myndigheter. Det kan även finnas svårigheter att nå ut med en tydlig och innehållsrik information som alla förstår. Erfarenheterna av att leva efter rekommendationerna kan vara olika. Motiv: Motiv för denna studie är att ta reda på mer om erfarenheter hos äldre personer av att leva efter rekommendationer som kan innebära förändringar i vardagen. hur påverkas de äldre? Metod:Studien är kvalitativ. Semistrukturerade intervjuer analyseras med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Förhållningssättet är manifest med latent innehåll. Resultat: Resulterade i 3 kategorier: Att försöka ta till sig och förstå information, att anpassa sitt liv efter rekommendationerna samt att hälsan påverkas. Konklusion: Deltagarna upplevde diskriminering samt en påtaglig ensamhet när de förhöll sig till rekommendationerna. Specialistsjuksköterskan inom vård av äldre bör fånga upp dessa känslor på ett adekvat sätt för att kontruera passande omvårdnadsåtgärder för den äldre personen. / Abstact: Year 2019 media reports that a new virus began spreading in China. Thereafter authorities report of a new virus resembling  pneumonia began spreading from a food market in Wuhan. When the seriousness of the virus-based disease was established, the virus already spread to large portion of the world. Authorities published recommendations to stop the spread among risk groups. Those belonging to a risk group segment were predominantly elderly and multimorbid individuals. The Swedish public health authority published recommendations to individuals 70 years or older. Recommendations called for social distancing. Background: Processing information and recommendations from authorities can be difficult and sometimes daunting. People can develop a distrust toward authorities. There are also challenges reaching out with clear and rich content that everyone can understand. Experience abinding recommendations can vary. Motive: The motive of this study is to know more of the experience of elderly individuals abinding recommendations that can mean changes in these individuals´daily life. How are the elderly affected? Purpose: Eldrely individuals´experience abinding the public health authority recommendations during the pandemic Covid-19 and its effect on health. Method: The study is qualitative. By analysing semi-structured interviews with qualitative content analysis. The approach is manifest with latent content. Result: Results in 3 categories: To try gather and understand information, to adapt one´s life abinding recommendations and how health is affected. This resulted in 10 subcategories. Conclusion: Participans experienced discrimination due to age and a palpable sense of loneliness while abinding recommendations. Nurses working within geriatric care should pic up such sediments in an adequate fashion to construct appropiate care messures for the elderly individual.

Cancer metastasis accounts for approximately 90% of all cancer-related deaths; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. It has been known proteins that control F-actin dynamics are crucial for cancer metastasis. In this study, we revealed how an F-actin binding protein, Switch-associated protein 70 (SWAP-70), contributes to breast cancer metastasis. Moreover, immunotherapy is a promising approach to treat metastatic cancer cells by enhancing the function of the host immune system against cancer. Our lab has conducted extensive studies on how SWAP-70 regulates the function of several immune cell types, including dendritic cells (DCs), B cells, and mast cells. These cells have been reported to contribute to tumor immunity. Thus, we hypothesized that SWAP-70 plays a role in tumor immunity. To characterize the function of SWAP-70 in metastasis, we generated 4T1, mouse breast cancer, SWAP-70 knockout (KO) cells using Crispr/Cas9 technology. A syngeneic orthotopic model was used to recapitulate clinical disease progression, and the results showed that SWAP-70 led to significant metastasis to the lungs and bones in immunocompetent mice. Several functional assays have revealed that SWAP-70 promotes anchorage-independent growth, cell migration, invasion, and adhesion in 4T1 cells. Biophysical measurements showed that SWAP-70 contributes to cellular mechanics. To investigate how SWAP-70 in host cells affects tumor immunity, SWAP-70 deficient mice were injected with E0771 mouse breast cancer cells to study tumorigenicity. SWAP-70 deficient mice showed delayed primary tumor growth and less distant metastasis. Isolated SWAP-70−/− DCs were impaired in generating CD8 T cell responses pulsed with soluble OVA protein, but not with OVA peptide, suggesting that the antigen uptake, processing, and presentation process in SWAP-70−/− DCs may be diminished. Taken together, our findings describe the potential mechanisms by which the loss of SWAP-70 hinders cancer metastasis and provide several insights into how targeting SWAP-70 could be a potential therapeutic approach to target cancer.

In T cells, processes such as migration and immunological synapse formation are accompanied by the dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, which has been suggested to be mediated by regulators of RhoGTPases and by F-actin bundlers. SWAP-70 controls F-actin dynamics in various immune cells, but its role in T cell development and function has remained incompletely understood. CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 employ diverse mechanisms to suppress innate and adaptive immunity, which is critical for maintaining immune homeostasis and self-tolerance. Here, we propose Swap-70 as a novel member of the Foxp3-dependent canonical Treg cell signature. We show that Swap-70-/- mice have increased numbers of Foxp3+ Treg cells with an effector/memory-like phenotype that exhibit impaired suppressor function in vitro, but maintain overall immune homeostasis in vivo. Upon formation of an immunological synapse with antigen presenting cells in vitro, cytosolic SWAP-70 protein is selectively recruited to the interface in Treg cells. In this context, Swap-70-/- Treg cells fail to downregulate CD80/CD86 on osteoclast precursor cells by trans-endocytosis and to efficiently suppress osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function. These data provide first evidence for a crucial role of SWAP-70 in Treg cell biology and further highlight the important non-immune function of Foxp3+ Treg cells in bone homeostasis mediated through direct SWAP-70-dependent mechanisms.