O conhecimento do paciente sobre seus medicamentos é o conjunto de informações sobre o medicamento necessárias para garantir seu uso correto. Este conhecimento é insuficiente nos idosos, que representam o segmento populacional que usa mais medicamentos e que mais cresce no Brasil. Este estudo identificou fatores relacionados ao conhecimento que pacientes muito idosos (≥80 anos), atendidos no Ambulatório de Fragilidade do Hospital Universitário da USP, possuíam sobre a medicação prescrita. As 11 perguntas do questionário espanhol \"Conocimiento del Paciente sobre su Medicamento\" foram adaptadas transculturalmente ao português brasileiro, processo que incluiu etapas de tradução, retradução, pré-teste e avaliação da confiabilidade e validade de construto da versão final. Esta foi usada para medir o conhecimento sobre todos os medicamentos prescritos pelo geriatra na última consulta médica por meio de uma entrevista face a face com o paciente ou seu cuidador. O conhecimento foi explicado por variáveis relacionadas ao entrevistado, ao atendimento médico e aos medicamentos, incluídas em um modelo misto linear. Foi construído um modelo para pacientes e outro para cuidadores. O questionário adaptado mostrou equivalência conceitual, de item, semântica, operacional, de mensuração e funcional com o original. A versão brasileira apresentou confiabilidade suficiente (α de Cronbach=0,736). Sua estrutura interna foi semelhante a do questionário espanhol e o conhecimento estimado esteve correlacionado à adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo (rb=0,86), ao controle da pressão arterial (rb=0,46) e à complexidade da prescrição (r=-0,22). No grupo de pacientes, medicamentos usados de 0,1 a 6,0 meses (b=0,19, p=0,009), e a mais de 6 meses (b=0,12, p=0,025), foram mais conhecidos que medicamentos nunca usados. No grupo de cuidadores, medicamentos classificados como potencialmente perigosos em ambiente ambulatorial foram mais conhecidos que os outros medicamentos (b=0,16, p=0,004) e, quanto maior a categoria do nível de instrução, maior o conhecimento. Assim, recomenda-se o uso do instrumento adaptado para medir o conhecimento sobre medicamentos de uso crônico em qualquer paciente fluente na língua portuguesa. A equipe de saúde precisa prover programas contínuos de educação sobre medicamentos, os quais devem ser adaptados à rede de apoio do paciente, incluindo os medicamentos usados há muito tempo. Deve-se, também, estimular a participação ativa do paciente (empoderamento) no gerenciamento de seus medicamentos. / Patient drug knowledge is the set of drug information needed to guarantee correct drug use. This knowledge is poor in aged individuals, which is the most drug consuming and the fastest growing age group. Here, we identified factors related to the knowledge very old patients (≥80 years) attending the Frailty Ambulatory of the University Hospital of USP possessed on prescribed drugs. The 11 items of the Spanish questionnaire entitled \"Conocimiento del Paciente sobre su Medicamento\" were cross-culturally adapted into Brazilian Portuguese, which included translation, back-translation, pretest, and reliability and construct validity assessment of the final version. The latter was used to measure knowledge about all geriatrician prescribed drugs in the last appointment by means of a face-to-face interview with either patient or caregiver. Drug knowledge was explained by variables related to interviewee, medical appointment, and prescribed drugs, which were included in a linear mixed model. It was obtained one model for patients and another for caregivers. The adapted questionnaire possessed conceptual, item, semantic, operational, measurement, and functional equivalence with the original. Realiability of the Brazilian version was sufficient (Cronbach´s α=.736). Internal structure was similar to the Spanish questionnaire and estimated drug knowledge was correlated to adherence to antihypertensive treatment (rb=.86), blood pressure control (rb=.46), and medication regimen complexity (r=-.22). In the patient group, drugs used from 0.1 to 6.0 months (b=0.19, p=.009), and used longer than 6 months (b=0.12, p=.025) presented more knowledge than never used ones. In the caregiver group, medications classified as high-alert in ambulatory healthcare were associated with higher knowledge than other drugs (b=0.16, p=.004) and, higher the educational level category, the bigger the caregiver drug knowledge. Thus, this work recommends the utilization of adapted instrument in order to assess chronic drug knowledge of any patient fluent in Portuguese. Healthcare team have to provide continuous drug education programs, which should be tailored to the extent of patient support and cover even long time use drugs. Patients taking active part (empowerment) in the management of their medication should also be stimulated.

Orientador: Paulo Dalgalarrondo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-02T11:41:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vieira_SaraPonzini_M.pdf: 1302458 bytes, checksum: 64a4e82da3b76d287120db989a9c13f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Em consideração do aumento populacional de indivíduos muito idosos no Brasil, bem como da carência de estudos qualitativos com esta faixa etária, este trabalho se propõe investigar a realidade subjetiva de pessoas nonagenárias, mentalmente e cognitivamente saudáveis, e em condições de se comunicar de forma adequada. Através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, investigamos a percepção que pessoas muito idosas têm de suas histórias de vida, do processo de envelhecer, da morte e do sentido da vida, a presença de bem estar subjetivo e o processo da gerotranscendência, que prevê uma transição de uma perspectiva materialista para uma visão de vida mais cósmica e transcendente com o envelhecimento. As narrativas dos 20 sujeitos entrevistados foram subdividas em 3 níveis de Bem Estar Subjetivo. Os dados desta amostra revelaram que, na velhice avançada, podem ser encontradas condições de bem estar bastante heterogêneas, e que o maior bem estar subjetivo está associado a fatores de caráter psicológico (perceber a própria vida como significativa), afetivo (ter pessoas queridas com quem se relacionar) e espiritual (ter fé e esperança em relação à finitude), como também ao estado de saúde e a alguns fatores sociodemográficos. A dimensão da transcendência mostrou-se presente e positivamente relacionada ao maior bem estar, mas esta não mostrou estar associada ao processo de envelhecimento. / Abstract: Considering demographic increasing number of very old people in Brazil, as well as the lack of qualitative studies with this age group, this work purposes to investigate clearheaded, capable of verbal communication nonagenarians' subjective reality. Through half-structured interviews, we investigated the perception that the oldest old have on their life stories, aging process, death and meaning of life, presence of well-being and the gerotranscendent process, considered a transition from a materialistic perspective into a more cosmic and transcendent view of life, accompanying the process of aging. The narratives of the 20 individuals were divided into 3 levels of Subjective Well-being. Data of this group revealed that, in very old age, heterogenous conditions of SWB can be found, and that greater SWB is related to psychological factors (such as viewing one's life as meaningful), affective factors (having significant persons to count on), and spiritual (being faithful and hopeful about finitude), as well as the health state and some social-demografic factors. Transcendent dimension was met in some individuals and positively associated to greater well-being, but didn't show association with the aging process. / Mestrado / Mestre em Gerontologia

O conhecimento do paciente sobre seus medicamentos é o conjunto de informações sobre o medicamento necessárias para garantir seu uso correto. Este conhecimento é insuficiente nos idosos, que representam o segmento populacional que usa mais medicamentos e que mais cresce no Brasil. Este estudo identificou fatores relacionados ao conhecimento que pacientes muito idosos (≥80 anos), atendidos no Ambulatório de Fragilidade do Hospital Universitário da USP, possuíam sobre a medicação prescrita. As 11 perguntas do questionário espanhol \"Conocimiento del Paciente sobre su Medicamento\" foram adaptadas transculturalmente ao português brasileiro, processo que incluiu etapas de tradução, retradução, pré-teste e avaliação da confiabilidade e validade de construto da versão final. Esta foi usada para medir o conhecimento sobre todos os medicamentos prescritos pelo geriatra na última consulta médica por meio de uma entrevista face a face com o paciente ou seu cuidador. O conhecimento foi explicado por variáveis relacionadas ao entrevistado, ao atendimento médico e aos medicamentos, incluídas em um modelo misto linear. Foi construído um modelo para pacientes e outro para cuidadores. O questionário adaptado mostrou equivalência conceitual, de item, semântica, operacional, de mensuração e funcional com o original. A versão brasileira apresentou confiabilidade suficiente (α de Cronbach=0,736). Sua estrutura interna foi semelhante a do questionário espanhol e o conhecimento estimado esteve correlacionado à adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo (rb=0,86), ao controle da pressão arterial (rb=0,46) e à complexidade da prescrição (r=-0,22). No grupo de pacientes, medicamentos usados de 0,1 a 6,0 meses (b=0,19, p=0,009), e a mais de 6 meses (b=0,12, p=0,025), foram mais conhecidos que medicamentos nunca usados. No grupo de cuidadores, medicamentos classificados como potencialmente perigosos em ambiente ambulatorial foram mais conhecidos que os outros medicamentos (b=0,16, p=0,004) e, quanto maior a categoria do nível de instrução, maior o conhecimento. Assim, recomenda-se o uso do instrumento adaptado para medir o conhecimento sobre medicamentos de uso crônico em qualquer paciente fluente na língua portuguesa. A equipe de saúde precisa prover programas contínuos de educação sobre medicamentos, os quais devem ser adaptados à rede de apoio do paciente, incluindo os medicamentos usados há muito tempo. Deve-se, também, estimular a participação ativa do paciente (empoderamento) no gerenciamento de seus medicamentos. / Patient drug knowledge is the set of drug information needed to guarantee correct drug use. This knowledge is poor in aged individuals, which is the most drug consuming and the fastest growing age group. Here, we identified factors related to the knowledge very old patients (≥80 years) attending the Frailty Ambulatory of the University Hospital of USP possessed on prescribed drugs. The 11 items of the Spanish questionnaire entitled \"Conocimiento del Paciente sobre su Medicamento\" were cross-culturally adapted into Brazilian Portuguese, which included translation, back-translation, pretest, and reliability and construct validity assessment of the final version. The latter was used to measure knowledge about all geriatrician prescribed drugs in the last appointment by means of a face-to-face interview with either patient or caregiver. Drug knowledge was explained by variables related to interviewee, medical appointment, and prescribed drugs, which were included in a linear mixed model. It was obtained one model for patients and another for caregivers. The adapted questionnaire possessed conceptual, item, semantic, operational, measurement, and functional equivalence with the original. Realiability of the Brazilian version was sufficient (Cronbach´s α=.736). Internal structure was similar to the Spanish questionnaire and estimated drug knowledge was correlated to adherence to antihypertensive treatment (rb=.86), blood pressure control (rb=.46), and medication regimen complexity (r=-.22). In the patient group, drugs used from 0.1 to 6.0 months (b=0.19, p=.009), and used longer than 6 months (b=0.12, p=.025) presented more knowledge than never used ones. In the caregiver group, medications classified as high-alert in ambulatory healthcare were associated with higher knowledge than other drugs (b=0.16, p=.004) and, higher the educational level category, the bigger the caregiver drug knowledge. Thus, this work recommends the utilization of adapted instrument in order to assess chronic drug knowledge of any patient fluent in Portuguese. Healthcare team have to provide continuous drug education programs, which should be tailored to the extent of patient support and cover even long time use drugs. Patients taking active part (empowerment) in the management of their medication should also be stimulated.

The very old, aged 80 years and over, is the fastest growing age group today, and the demands for healthcare and services will be even higher in the future. It is, therefore, of great importance to advance our knowledge about this group. The main purpose of this thesis was to describe living conditions and health, with a special focus on physical ability, falls and morale, in women and men in three different age groups of very old people in northern Sweden. Half the population aged 85, and the total population aged 90 and ≥95 (-103) in the municipality of Umeå were selected for participation (n=348) in this population-based cross-sectional study, entitled the Umeå 85+ Study. Structured interviews and assessments were performed with the participants in their homes, and data were also collected from next-of-kins, caregivers and medical charts. Cognition was screened for using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), depressive symptoms using the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15), and nutritional status using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Activities of Daily Living (ADL) were assessed using the Staircase of ADL (including the Katz Index of ADL) and morale using the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGCMS). Participants also rated their own health and answered a questionnaire about symptoms. Physical ability was assessed using a gait speed test over 2.4 meters (8 feet), three consecutive chair stands, and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). A follow-up study for falls was performed during a period of six months with fall calendars and telephone calls. The very old people in this northern population have more depression, hypertension and hip fractures, as well as a higher consumption of drugs than comparable, more southern populations. In general, younger participants had lower rates of diagnoses and prescribed drugs, were less dependent in ADL and other functional variables than older participants, and men had lower rates of diagnoses and reported symptoms than women. However, there were no age or sex differences in self-rated health or morale, which were both rated as good by the majority of the participants. There was a wide range of physical ability among these very old people, especially in women, where an age-related decline was seen. The results also demonstrate that men had greater physical ability than women. The BBS had no floor or ceiling effects in the present sample. In contrast, a large proportion was unable to perform the gait speed and chair stands test, resulting in a floor effect for the timed performances, especially in women. Falling is a major public health problem in very old people. From the results of the present study, it could be predicted that every seventh participant and every third of the people who did fall would suffer a fracture over a period of one year. The independent explanatory risk factors for time to first fall in this sample of very old people were dependency in personal (P-) ADL but not bedridden, thyroid disorders, treatment with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and occurrence of fall/s in the preceding year. These factors should all be considered in fall prevention programmes. The morale of very old people was found in this study to be rather high, with similar scores among age groups and sexes. The most important factors for high morale were the absence of depressive symptoms, living in ordinary housing, having previously had a stroke and yet still living in ordinary housing, not feeling lonely and having few symptoms. The PGCMS seems applicable in the evaluation of morale in very old people. In conclusion, there were wide variations in health status and physical ability in this northern population of very old people. Women had poorer health and physical ability than men. Falls and fractures were common and serious health problems. Morale seemed to be high, despite the fact that a large proportion of the participants suffered from many diseases and functional decline.

Occupational engagement among older people is important to investigate as older people are the fastest growing segment in our society, and because occupational engagement is viewed within occupational therapy as one of the basic premises for health. Three perspectives of engagement are highlighted in this thesis: evaluation of occupational engagement, the repertoire of occupational engagement, and finally, the relation between occupational engagement and life satisfaction. The overall aim of this thesis was to study aspects of occupational engagement among older people, with a special focus on evaluation of the experiences of an occupation-based group programme, evaluation of leisure, the leisure repertoire, and the relation between occupational engagement and life satisfaction. The thesis is comprised of four studies which all contribute in different ways to an increasing understanding of occupational engagement among older people. In the first study (Study I), three older persons participated in a group activity programme and were interviewed about their experiences of occupational engagement. The qualitative interviews were done with each participant after each group session, in total 15 interviews. The other three studies (Studies II-IV) were based on a subgroup of a population studied in a cross-sectional population-based study, the Umeå 85+ study. Very old people with an MMSE score of 20 or more were included in Studies II, III, and IV (n=156). During home visits, they were interviewed about their occupational engagement (ADL and leisure) and their life satisfaction. The qualitative interviews analysed using a Grounded theory approach, revealed two different dimensions of experiences while engaged in a group programme. The participants described experiences of activation, with a creative force and a place for learning, but also experiences of transformation with reflection, adaptation, and finally, a personal synthesis. Evaluation of occupational engagement through measurement using the modified NPS Interest Checklist (MNPS) was made possible using Rasch analysis. The results revealed preliminary evidence for internal scale validity and person response validity. Scale and person reliability were Rasch equivalents of Cronbach alpha of .98 for items and .66 to .75 for persons, respectively. In their leisure repertoire, very old people were more likely to endorse Social and Cultural activities and least likely to endorse Ballgames and Equipment sport. Traditional gender differences and some differences between older persons in rural versus urban areas and between persons with different cognitive levels were also found. Finally, significant correlations were found between life satisfaction and both engagement in ADL (r =.31) and engagement in leisure (r =.34) among very old people. A forced entry regression revealed that both variables together explained slightly more (12.4%) than leisure alone (11.2%). As a conclusion and in relation to evaluation of occupational engagement during therapy, the experiences of engagement are described by the respondents from both a perspective of action and a perspective of inner reflection, and together they might support the developmental process among older people. Through using Rasch analysis, it was possible to convert ordinal data into linear measures and also to organize leisure occupations into a hierarchical repertoire of engagement. This repertoire gives further understanding for specific tasks and about the general relation between leisure dimensions. Finally, the contribution of occupational engagement to life satisfaction is likely essential, but explains only about 12% of total life satisfaction among very old people.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph.D. in Nursing) -- University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-146). Free to UCDHSC affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

Submitted by Valquíria Barbieri (kikibarbi@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-13T20:21:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Francielle Fialkoski.pdf: 1927644 bytes, checksum: 6e7a415c9a7028beff97288bc218e958 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-09-15T16:58:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Francielle Fialkoski.pdf: 1927644 bytes, checksum: 6e7a415c9a7028beff97288bc218e958 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-15T16:58:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Francielle Fialkoski.pdf: 1927644 bytes, checksum: 6e7a415c9a7028beff97288bc218e958 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-15 / CAPES / Estudos relativos à população de 80 anos e mais são escassos nos países em desenvolvimento, principalmente quanto à utilização de serviços de saúde. Esta informação torna-se útil para conhecer a demanda desta população frente ao envelhecimento populacional, com implicações para ações e políticas específicas. O modelo comportamental de Andersen foi adotado como referencial teórico. Objetivo – Analisar a associação entre a utilização de serviços de saúde e os fatores de predisposição, capacidade e necessidade, em idosos de 80 anos e mais. Métodos – Estudo de base populacional e corte transversal. Amostra de 103 idosos com 80 anos e mais da área urbana de Cuiabá, selecionados a partir de amostragem aleatória simples, estratificada e por conglomerados em duas etapas. Utilizou-se o questionário BOAS – Brazil Old Age Schedule e realizou-se análise descritiva, teste do qui-quadrado, prevalência bruta e ajustada pela regressão múltipla de Poisson. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 52 mulheres, média de 84,9±5,4 anos; 53,4% referiram nenhuma escolaridade, 87,4% não trabalham e 66,0% possuem renda mensal de até um salário mínimo. Mais da metade (58,3%) declararam não ter companheiro(a), grande parte tiveram filhos e 92,1% moram com alguém. A maioria autoavaliou sua saúde ótima ou boa (73,8%), declarou problema de saúde (81,6%) e tomar remédio (78,6%); 59,2% utilizaram serviço de saúde nos últimos três meses. O perfil de idosos que utilizaram serviço de saúde é composto pelos mais velhos, mulheres, com quatro anos ou mais de escolaridade e renda maior que três salários mínimos, que não moram sozinhos, que relataram problemas de saúde (principalmente dois ou mais problemas) e utilizam remédios (principalmente três ou mais). Foi encontrada associação estatisticamente significante apenas entre utilização de serviços de saúde e os fatores de necessidade: ter problema de saúde (um problema RP=1,54 e dois ou mais problemas RP=1,25), tomar remédio (um ou dois RP=1,41 e três ou mais remédios RP=1,22). Conclusões: Referir problema de saúde e usar medicamentos estão associados à utilização de serviços de saúde por idosos de 80 anos e mais. Essas informações contribuem para ampliar o conhecimento sobre idosos de 80 anos e mais de um país em desenvolvimento e podem subsidiar políticas e programas de atenção à saúde, assistenciais e preventivos, com intervenção sobre os fatores associados à utilização de serviços de saúde, para que este uso seja mais adequado. / Studies on population 80 years and over are scarce in developing countries, especially regarding the health services utilization. This information is useful to know the demand of this population compared to population aging, with implications for specific actions and policies. The Andersen´s behavioral model of was the theoretical approach. Objective – To analyze the association between the health services utilization and the predisposing, need and ability factors in the elderly 80 years and older. Methods – This is a cross-sectional study, population-based. Sample of 103 elderly aged 80 years and over in the urban area of Cuiabá-MT, selected based on simple random sampling, stratified and clusters in two stages. We used Brazil Old Age Schedule – BOAS. In the data analysis were used descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, prevalence ratio and Poisson multiple regression. Results: The sample were composed of 52 women, mean 84.9 ± 5.4 years; 53.4% had no schooling, 87.4% do not work and 66.0% have a monthly income of a minimum wage. More than half of the elderly (58.3%) declared not to have a partner, most had children and 92.1% live with someone. Most have a good or excellent health self assessment (73.8%), reported health problem (81.6%) and take medicines (78.6%); 59.2% used health service in the last three months. The elderly who used the health service are older, women, with four or more years of education, incomes higher than three minimum wages, who do not live alone, who reported health problems (mainly two or more problems) and use medicines (mainly three or more). Statistically significant association was found only between the health services utilization and factors of need: having health problems (one problem RP = 1.54 and two or more problems PR = 1.25), taking medicines (one or two RP = 1.41 and three or more PR = 1.22). Conclusions: To report two or more health problems, use medicines, especially one or two, are associated with the use of health services by the elderly 80 years and older. These information contributes to broaden knowledge of aged 80 years and over in a developing country and can develop policies and programs to health care, with intervention in associated factors with the health services utilization for this use can be most appropriate.

Objetivo: Caracterizar as redes sociais dos idosos e identificar o impacto das mesmas no óbito e na funcionalidade. Método: Estudo longitudinal de base populacional que utilizou as coortes de 2006 (n=1413) e 2010 (n=990) do Estudo SABE. Para caracterização das redes sociais utilizou-se as seguintes variáveis: número de integrantes da rede; arranjo domiciliar; sexo e idade dos integrantes; co-residência com criança ou apenas com idosos; satisfação com a relação; recebimento e oferecimento de apoio social (financeiro, material, emocional, realização de tarefas dentro e fora de casa, companhia e cuidados pessoais). Utilizou-se regressão logística e modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox para a análise dos dados. Todos os cuidados éticos foram observados. Resultados: As redes sociais dos idosos possuem, em média, 8,15 integrantes e são constituídas predominantemente por familiares com idade entre 15 e 59 anos. A maior proporção de idosos não recebe ou não oferece apoio social aos integrantes de sua rede. Tanto na rede formada por residentes no domicílio, quanto na formada por filhos que moram fora da casa, observou-se que os idosos mais dependentes recebem mais apoio material, para realização de tarefas domésticas, fora de casa e cuidados pessoais, enquanto os idosos independentes recebem mais apoio emocional e companheirismo. Já na rede composta por outros familiares e amigos, os idosos mais dependentes recebem e oferecem mais companhia. Os idosos que diminuíram o nível de dependência de 2006 para 2010 e que mantiveram a mesma condição de 2006 em 2010 recebiam e ofereciam mais apoio em 2006. Já os que aumentaram o nível de dependência passaram a receber mais cuidado pessoal e apoio para realização de tarefas domésticas em 2010. Oferecer apoio social (HR=0,66; IC95%=0,48-0,91), possuir de 9 a 11 integrantes na rede (HR=0,67; IC95%=0,46-0,97) e 12 ou mais integrantes (HR=0,58; IC95%=0,35-0,96) diminuiu o risco de óbito, independente de condições sociodemográficas e de saúde. Oferecer apoio social (OR=0,32; IC95%=0,14-0,71) diminuiu as chances de desenvolver dependência, independente de condições sociodemográficas e de saúde. Conclusão: O fortalecimento das redes sociais na velhice deve ser implementado como um hábito a ser desenvolvido e perpetuado. Os profissionais de saúde devem estimular a formação de redes sociais onde o idoso possa, efetivamente, trocar apoio. A confiança no cuidado informal, oferecido, principalmente pelas redes domiciliares, pode não ser a melhor opção para lidar com a demanda de cuidado crescente que acompanha o envelhecimento da população brasileira / Objective: To characterize the social networks of the elderly and identify their impact on death and functionality. Methods: A longitudinal population-based study, using the 2006 (n = 1413) and 2010 (n = 990) cohorts from the SABE study. To characterize the social networks the following variables were used: number of members in the network; living arrangements; sex and age of the members; co-residence with children or only elderly individuals; satisfaction with the relationships; receiving and offering social support (financial, material, emotional, performing tasks inside and outside the home, providing companionship and personal care). Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards model were used for data analysis. All ethical guidelines were followed. Results: The social networks of elderly individuals contain an average of 8.15 members and consist predominantly of family members aged between 15 and 59 years. The highest proportion of elderly people do not receive or offer social support to members of their network. Both in networks formed by people living in the household and those formed by children living outside the home, it was observed that the most dependent elderly received more material support, help in performing household tasks, tasks outside the home and personal care, while the independent elderly received more emotional support and companionship. In the networks composed of other family members and friends, the more dependent elderly received and provided more companionship. The elderly who decreased in level of dependency from 2006 to 2010 and who maintained the same level from 2006 to 2010 received and offered more support in 2006. Those who increased in dependency received more personal care and support for domestic tasks in 2010. The offer of social support (OR=0.66; CI95%=0.48-0.91), having 9 to 11 members in the network (OR=0.67; CI95%=0.46-0.97) and 12 or more members (OR=0.58; CI95%=0.35-0.96) decreased the risk of death, regardless of sociodemographic and health conditions. The offer of social support (OR=0.32; CI95%=0.14-0.71) decreased the chances of developing dependence, regardless of sociodemographic and health conditions. Conclusion: The strengthening of social networks in old age should be implemented as a habitual practice to develop and perpetuate. Health professionals should encourage the formation of social networks where the elderly can, effectively, exchange support. Confidence in informal care, offered primarily by home networks, may not be the best option for dealing with the growing care demand that accompanies the aging Brazilian population

Introdução: A presença de limitações funcionais entre os idosos determina a necessidade de cuidado. Essa necessidade aponta demandas desafiadoras para a família e para os serviços de saúde por ser um grupo complexo. Objetivo: Analisar a necessidade de cuidado, a utilização dos serviços de saúde de idosos residentes no município de São Paulo e as mudanças associadas a essa necessidade ao longo do tempo. Método: Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal e analítico, de base domiciliar, e utilizou a base de dados do Estudo SABE (Saúde, Bem estar e Envelhecimento) nos anos de 2006 e 2010. A amostra foi constituída por 1413 idosos ( 60 anos). Considerou-se como necessidade de cuidado, a dificuldade do idoso no desempenho das atividades básicas e instrumentais de vida diária de acordo com demandas de auxílio nessas atividades. Para identificar os níveis de necessidade de cuidado, utilizou-se o Escalonamento de Guttman. Para avaliar os fatores associados à necessidade de cuidados e os determinantes da mudança utilizaram-se as análises de Regressão Logística e Multinomial Múltiplas. Resultados: Quanto à hierarquia das atividades de vida diária, encontraram boa consistência interna (=0,92), coeficiente de reprodutibilidade igual a 98%, uma probabilidade de erro de 2%, um coeficiente de escalabilidade de 0,84 e reprodutibilidade mínima marginal de 0,87. Em relação à classificação da necessidade de cuidados, 53,3% eram independentes para o cuidado, 26,7% apresentavam necessidade mínima, 10,5% necessidade moderada e 9,4% necessidade máxima. Entre os idosos com necessidade de cuidado, 73,0% referiram ajuda de alguém para as suas demandas. Maiores proporções de idosos com necessidade máxima foram encontradas entre aqueles que utilizaram os serviços de saúde como consulta médica, urgência/emergência e internação (43,8%) e naqueles que usaram somente serviço de urgência/emergência e internação (54,1%). Entre os idosos independentes, os fatores determinantes para necessidade mínima foram sexo feminino (RRR=1,81; IC 95%:1,05-3,13), ter 80 anos e mais (RRR=2,84; IC 95%: 1,17-6,86), mobilidade física prejudicada (RRR=2,94; IC 95%: 1,02-8,43); para necessidade moderada, idosos com 80 anos e mais 5,58 [1,55-20,00] e declínio cognitivo (RRR=7,83; IC 95%:1,60-38,24); e, necessidade máxima, ter entre 70 a 79 anos (RRR= 2,60; IC 95%: 1,13-5,96), ter 80 anos e mais (RRR=5,59; IC 95%: 1,87-16,62) e multimorbidade (RRR= 3,50; IC 95%: 1,32-9,30). Processo de fragilização (OR=2,12; IC 95%: 1,05-4,27) e mobilidade física prejudicada (OR=1,77; IC 95%: 1,01-3,12) foram determinantes para a piora da necessidade de cuidado entre os idosos. Conclusão: A classificação da necessidade de cuidados possibilita a identificação de idosos demandantes de auxílio nas atividades cotidianas e, direcionará os profissionais de saúde na elaboração de uma linha de cuidados. Políticas públicas devem ser elaboradas aos cuidadores, considerando os serviços de saúde e sociais como suporte aos provedores de cuidado / Introduction: The presence of functional limitations in the elderly determines the need for care. This necessity represents challenging demands for the family and the health services as it presents a complex group. Objective: To analyze the need for care, utilization of health care services of elderly residents in the city of São Paulo and the changes associated with this need over time. Method: This was a longitudinal and analytical home-based study, which used the database of the SABE study (Health, Well-being and Aging) in the years 2006 and 2010. The sample consisted of 1.413 elderly individuals ( 60 years). It was considered as the need for care, the difficulty of the elderly in the performance of basic and instrumental activities of daily living according to aid demands in these activities. To identify the care need levels, we used the Guttman Scaling. To evaluate factors associated with the need for care and determinants of change, the analysis of Multiple Logistic and Multiple Multinomial regression were used. Results: Regarding the hierarchy of activities of daily living, good internal consistency was found (=0.92), a coefficient of reproducibility of 98%, an error probability of 2%, a scalability factor of 0.84 and minimum marginal reproducibility of 0.87. In relation to the classification of the need for care, 53.3% were independent for care, 26.7% had minimal need, 10.5% moderate need and 9.4% maximum need. Among the elderly in need of care, 73.0% reported having someone to help with requirements. The largest proportion of elderly maximum need were found between those used those who used health services such as medical consultations, urgent/emergency and hospitalization (43.8%) and those who used only emergency service/emergency and hospitalization (54.1%). Among the independent elderly, the determining factors for minimum need were female (RRR = 1.81, CI 95%: 1.05 - 3.13), have 80 and over (RRR = 2.84, CI 95%: 1.17 - 6.86), impaired physical mobility (RRR = 2.94, CI 95%: 1.02 - 8.43); for moderate need, aged 80 years and over (RRR= 5.58; CI 95%: 1.55 - 20.00) and cognitive decline (RRR = 7.83, 95% CI: 1.60 - 38.24); and maximum need, be between 70 to 79 years (RRR = 2.60; CI 95%: 1.13 - 5.96), have 80 and over (RRR = 5.59, CI 95%: 1.87 -16.62) and multimorbidity (RRR = 3.50; CI 95%: 1.32 - 9.30). Process of frailty (OR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.05 - 4.27) and impaired physical mobility (OR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.01 - 3.12) Conclusion: Classifying the need for care enables identification of elderly individuals requiring help in the activities of daily living and directs health professionals when developing a range of care. Public policies should be developed for caregivers, considering the health and social services as support for the providers of care