The purpose of this research is to examine the gender differences that exist when male and female participants complete the mirror-tracing task. This task was chosen because it requires both spatial and psychomotor abilities and is unusual in the sense that it has a far higher correlation with standard spatial ability measures than do most other psychomotor tests. This research will focus on looking at gender differences in speed, accuracy, and practice effects. It will also investigate two personality traits that correlate with performance on the task: introversion and anxiety. Data will be collected from three studies: Experiment 2 of Ackerman&Cianciolo's (1999) study, Experiment 3 of Ackerman&Cianciolo's (2000) study, and Experiment 1 of Field's (1998) study. The results are expected to show that males complete the mirror-tracing task quicker than females during initial, intermediate, and final assessments; however, females will exhibit greater practice effects than males. The results are also anticipated to show there is no significant gender difference in the number of errors made during initial, intermediate, or final assessment. Finally, the number of errors made during initial assessment on the mirror-tracing task is expected to be negatively correlated with introversion and positively correlated with anxiety.

The object of this research is to establish verbal and visual intelligence abilities among bilingual and monolingual youth teenagers. There were 150 Lithuanian speaking younger teenagers 12-14 year old from J. Basanavičiaus and Senamiesčio secondary schools in Ukmergė and 150 Lithuanian-Polish speaking youth teenagers from 12-14 year old from J. Lelevel secondary school in Vilnius that took part in the research. An attempt is made using R. Amthauer Intelligenz-Struktur Test I S T 70 verbal and visual subtests. There were raised such hypotheses: 1. Verbal intelligence abilities of monolingual and bilingual youth teenagers differ. 2. Visual intelligence abilities of monolingual and bilingual youth teenagers don‘t differ. The data were comparing among bilingual and monolingual youth teenagers, 12 year old bilingual and monolingual youth teenagers, 13 year bilingual and monolingual youth teenagers, 14 year bilingual and monolingual youth teenagers. The conclusion received during this research is that intelectual verbal abilities among bilingual youth teenagers differ only partly, intelectual visual abilities among bilingual youth teenagers don’t differ.

This thesis explores the possibilities of dyslexia prediction at primary children. It is divided into two parts a theoretical one and a practical one. The introduction of the theoretical part is focused on the children reading skills development. However, the possibilities of reading failure prediction and diagnosis of dyslexia are the key content of this part. In this respect I focus on the preschoolers and children at the beginning of the school attendance. I mention a few predictive batteries. The theoretical part is concluded with the current information about dyslexia prevalence in the Czech Republic and abroad. The practical part is based on the theoretical part. It contains the results of the research investigation. I got these results during the testing of morphological and phonological abilities as well as reading tests. The research was performed in the second class of primary school. The main objective of the thesis was to find out what is the relationship between performance in reading and morphological and phonological abilities.The test method of the quantitative investigation was used in this research.

This study is a quantitative study that has examined 29 students in grade 8 who have not received a pass grade in mathematics. The focus of this study is in two areas: first, which mathematical abilities do the students have the greatest difficulties in, and second, on the relationship between mathematics difficulties and reading and writing difficulties. Mathematical abilities have been studied using knowledge matrices from the national tests in mathematics. Reading and writing difficulties has been investigated using test results from diagnostic material in the area. The results show that conceptual and problem-solving skills are the most difficult abilities in which previous research also indicates. Procedural ability is the ability where most students show competency, which also is consistent with previous research. The study indicates that there are links between mathematics difficulties and reading and writing difficulties, although it is not possible to show strong correlations in this small study.

Theme in this thesis is comparison of motor abilities of pair and unpaired rowers. There is briefly mentioned characteristic of rowing and structure of rowing performance in theoretical part. Next captures are about single motor abilities. In practical part of thesis are characterized rowers, who were tested and Unifittes 6-60, according to were rowers tested. Last part of thesis is about comparison of measured results. Key words Rower, rowing, pair rowing, unpaired rowing, motor, motor abilities, movement, tests, motor testing, power abilities, speed abilities, endurance abilities, coordination abilities.

Title: The influence of two different lower limb exercises on the speed of skating during dry land training in young ice hockey players aged 17 to 20. Aim: The aim of this study was comparation of the effect of two variations in preseason pre preparation on speed of skating. Methods: The hockey players in the age from 17 to 20, who have been training ice hockey for 12 - 14 years, have been watched. The hockey players have been divided into two groups on the base of the technology of the skating. The speed of the skating, have been measured at all hockey players at the beginning of the watching. Then the hockey players have absolved the summer preparation. The capacity of the training has been the same for both groups (the amount of the lessons, frequency, etc.). The difference was in the way of performing of some exercises, mainly the exercising of the legs. The first group has been doing the exercises in the "speed" form, while the second group has been doing the exercises in the " strength" form. The effect of the used training has been controlled by the motoric tests. The speed of the ice skating has been evaluated again before the beginning of the playing season. The results have been statistically elaborated and compared. The results: Both training systems have significantly improved...

My thesis deals with the issue of movement abilities. It examines a mutual relation and compares levels of movement abilities in and out of water within physical education at primary school. It addresses the question of influencing movement abilities in and out of water and determines whether the level of selected movement abilities out of water corresponds with the level of movement abilities of a similar character in the water. Furthermore, the thesis verifies whether boys and girls of early school age have the same level of movement abilities.

La question de la réussite des étudiants en première année universitaire est présente dans les préoccupations politiques actuelles au regard de l’échec massif la caractérisant. L’enjeu de cette thèse réside dans la compréhension des mécanismes qui régissent la réussite universitaire, en adoptant une démarche quantitative et intégrative. A cette fin, des données ont été récoltées sur un peu plus de 700 étudiants en première année de Licence de trois filières (AES, Droit et Psychologie) à l’Université de Bourgogne. Les informations recueillies permettent de contrôler un ensemble de facteurs relatifs aux caractéristiques socio-démographiques et scolaires des étudiants. Deux focus plus spécifiques caractérisent cette thèse : une mesure fine des capacités cognitives des étudiants à leur entrée à l’université et une mesure de leur motivation en cours d’année. Il ressort que le passé scolaire des étudiants est un déterminant particulièrement fort dans la prédiction de la réussite universitaire. Ce déterminisme scolaire est cependant nuancé par l’effet indirect de l’origine sociale, établissant la persistance d’inégalités sociales de réussite au niveau universitaire. Les capacités cognitives exercent elles aussi un effet médiatisé par le parcours scolaire, jouant positivement sur la réussite. A ces facteurs déterminés préalablement à l’entrée à l’université, s’ajoute le projet personnel de l’étudiant. Un choix établi par intérêt pour la discipline augure de meilleures chances de réussite. Les capacités motivationnelles de l’étudiant se répercutent quant à elles plus directement sur la réussite. Mesurée dans le cadre de la théorie de l’autodétermination, la motivation intrinsèque exerce une influence positive tandis que l’amotivation se traduit par de moins bonnes performances. Par ailleurs, la motivation est un atout pour les bons étudiants, mais ne joue qu’un rôle plus modéré pour les étudiants moyens et même nul pour les plus faibles. Ce résultat est éclairé par l’effet positif du sentiment de compétence sur la réussite, médiatisé par une motivation intrinsèque plus élevée. / Today, academic failure is closely monitored, especially when first year students are concerned. The aim of this dissertation is the comprehension of the mechanism that builds academic success. The approach is both quantitative and integrative. For this purpose, data have been collected from 700 first year students in social administration, law and psychology areas in the university of Burgundy. Collected information allows to control academic and demographic factors. This dissertation focuses on two aspects : a measure of the student’s cognitive abilities at their entry in the university and a measure of their motivation during the course of the year. The results show that the school background of students plays a crucial role in the prediction of their university success. This school determinism, however, is tempered with the indirect effect of social origin, establishing the persistence of social inequalities in success at the university level. Cognitive abilities also have an effect mediated by the school career, playing positively on success. To these factors determined prior to university entrance, shall be added the personal project of the student. Choices made by interest in the discipline augur better chances of success. Motivational abilities of the student impact most directly on their success. Measured in the context of the self-determination theory, intrinsic motivation has a positive influence while amotivation results in worse performance. Moreover, motivation is an asset for good students, but plays only a moderate role for average students and even none for the weakest. This result is highlighted by the positive effect of perceived competence on achievement, mediated by a higher intrinsic motivation.

Title: The level of equilibrium sporting abilities of gymnasts in younger school age compared to physically inactive population. Purpose: The purpose of this diploma paper is to compare the level of equilibrium ability of younger school age sport gymnasts (i. e. of the age of 8-10 years old) to the girls at the same age, who are not taking part in sports. This level of abilities is compared based on simple static and dynamic equilibrium tests. Furthermore I would like to find out if the level of equilibrium capability influences the final place they get on gymnastic competitions. Methods: This research was made based on the group of 15 female sport gymnasts and 15 girls who are not doing sports (all of them at the age of 8-10 years old). We tasted equilibrium abilities of each testee using simple tests showing the level of static and dynamic balance. In particular we used standing stork test, blind standing stork test, standing on one leg after turning (to evaluate static balance) and blind back and forth walking (to evaluate dynamic balance). Based on measured output we set a point scale from 1 to 5 (according to the tests) to compare results. The comparison was done also using the average score of measured values. Results: After evaluotion of all measured data it is clear that the group of sports...

Title: Youth Sports Preparation Issues Objectives: The objective of the diploma thesis is to find out the intervention programme effectiveness using specific and semi-specific character exercises in relation to the enhancement of fitness training pre-conditions of the young football players belonging to the U 16 category. Methods: A group of players, who were subjected to testing, consisted of 12 players of younger junior category at the age of 16 years (year of birth 1997) who are playing younger junior league. This group was involved in a two-month process of intervention. The exercises were applied every day in both months during the main contest period. Before joining the intervention, players were subjected to entry tests, then, a two-month training cycle began. After that, the players underwent final tests which were exactly the same as the entry tests. Results: The section of the diploma thesis bringing tangible results involves their evaluation which is available in the submitted protocols. Final results are presented in a well arrange way in the form of charts and graphs followed by their evaluation. Conclusion: Direct influence on the speed and coordination abilities using specific and semi- specific exercises is an important constituent part of training units in any football match namely because...