Guided by the cognitive development view of reading interventions, this qualitative case study addressed the lack of intervention programs in middle schools in a large city in New Jersey State. The purpose of the study was to examine teachers' perceptions of intervention programs for low-performing readers. Research questions addressed the intervention strategies to improve students' learning, school culture, and teaching styles used to teach them. Survey questions were sent to 25 teachers chosen randomly from 5 schools in the school district. Surveys were analyzed by developing codes, clustering themes, and then developing a full description from the teachers' perspectives. The findings showed the need for a policy recommendation to address the gaps in the intervention programs, reduce students' reading predicaments, and enhance teacher participation in constant, job-embedded professional development. These findings will contribute to positive social change by informing a school-wide positive reading culture across these middle schools.

Highly qualified teachers became a federal mandate with the passing of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) in 2002. When teachers are evaluated and acquire tenure status, it does not mean the performance of the teacher remains effective. If they have unsatisfactory performing tenured teachers on their staff, principals need an effective program to assist and support their teachers in improving their level of teaching. Therefore, this study analyzed the effectiveness of the California Peer Assistance and Review (PAR) program based on the perceptions of public school principals in five southern California counties. Data w~s collected through the administration of a survey. Of the 1,000 surveys distributed to public school principals in five southern California counties, 114 were completed. The results indicate that public school principals do not perceive California's Peer Assistance and Review (PAR) program to be effective. However, they find the Consulting Teacher and some of the PAR strategies to be effective. It is recommended that further research be conducted on PAR programs in other parts of California, and that researchers study consulting teachers who support the I participating teachers in the PAR program.

No description available.

The Troops to Teachers (TTT) program was created in 1994 to provide funds to recruit and support former members of the military as teachers in high-poverty schools. Most of the research on TTT participants has been positive, and leadership is often mentioned as an important factor in participants' successes. A number of these military veterans have moved from the classroom into school administrative positions. Initial research on these administrators based on the ISLLC standards has been positive. This multiple case study drew from interviews and surveys with 15 former military veterans currently administrating in K-12 schools to increase our understanding of the experiences and values that they bring to the classroom. It relied on Stake's (YEAR) case study methodology to surface findings. The five findings, presented in order of strength of evidence, include: 1) Participants' overarching leadership philosophy was taking care of the people. 2) The leadership that participants had witnessed in both the military and in education influenced their own leadership. 3) Not all of the participants utilized TTT. 4) Participants had classroom experiences that were consistent with previous research on new teachers. 5) The veterans' values as they relate to trust, delegating responsibility, accountability, and beliefs in service, merit future inquiry. These values, along with "taking care of their people", appear to be the commonality between the two seemingly incongruent cultures of the military and education. This study has implications for future research and educational leadership training both at the university and district levels. / Ed. D.

School divisions in Virginia implemented revised or new teacher evaluation systems beginning in 2012. These evaluation systems incorporated teacher portfolios, goal setting, and teacher performance assessment based on student achievement, and they were substantially different from those previously used by both teachers and their evaluators. This study was about how teachers and administrators experienced the implementation of this new evaluation system. Their observations, thoughts, feelings, and learning about themselves, and how they experienced this change were the topics of interest in the study. The setting for this case study was one elementary school in a small school division in southwestern Virginia. In-depth interviews of two administrators and 13 teachers of varied experience levels were conducted with a researcher-developed protocol by an outside interviewer. Data were analyzed with the constant comparative method. The experiences of the participants are reported in their own words. Their stories are descriptions of how they experienced the implementation of a second-order change in the evaluation of teachers in this small school division. Their experiences encompassed the entire process of change from the introduction of the change through the assimilation of the purposes and components of the new system and on to the training and support provided throughout the process. They described the changes in their responsibilities, their uncertainties, and their thoughts and feelings about the system as it moved toward institutionalization. And, they shared some recommendations for change in the process and the system. A model of change was derived from the participants' experiences and labeled the Legg Model of Change. / Ed. D.

The George W. Bush Institute (2016) stated the following: "Across the United States, as many as 700 principal preparation programs are preparing and certifying principals to lead our nation's schools. The methods that preparation programs use to train principals vary nationally and are a source of concern among policymakers, university faculty, and educators (p. 2)." The purpose of this quantitative study was to analyze administrators' perceptions of the program components they perceived prepared them to be effective school leaders, and whether their preparation program components were aligned with the Professional Standards of Educational Leaders (PSEL). The literature review findings indicated that the PSEL, in addition to program components, are necessary for an effective program. A non-experimental quantitative Likert-style scale survey was used to collect data from a snowball sampling of 46 school leaders pursuing or having completed their doctoral degrees. Doctoral students have developed research skills that can be used to apply new knowledge to the education field; therefore, reflecting upon their initial administrative experiences may provide insight into Principal Preparation Programs (PPP). The research findings indicated that school leaders perceived that their program experiences were aligned with the PSEL and they were prepared for administrative assignments after completion of their PPP. The findings also indicated despite being prepared for their assignment, changes were suggested to improve their PPP. Implications for practice for improving their PPP are included in this study, as well as, suggestions for future studies. / Doctor of Education / The purpose of this quantitative study was to analyze administrators' perceptions of the program components they perceived prepared them to be effective school leaders, and whether their preparation program components were aligned with the Professional Standards of Educational Leaders (PSEL). The literature review findings indicated that the PSEL, in addition to program components, are necessary for an effective program. This non-experimental quantitative study used a Likert-style scale to collect data from current and past doctoral students who were administrators. Doctoral students were selected as survey participants because they have developed research skills that can be used to apply new knowledge to the education field; therefore, reflecting upon their administrative experiences may provide insight into Principal Preparation Programs (PPP). The sampling technique of snowballing was used and resulted in 46 survey participants. The research findings indicated that school leaders perceived their program experiences were aligned with the PSEL and they were prepared for administrative assignments after completion of their PPP. The findings also indicated despite being prepared for their assignment, changes were suggested to improve their PPP. Suggested changes to PPPs included curriculum/coursework, practicum/internship, faculty, and method of instructional delivery. Implications for practice for improving PPPs include such considerations as a process to systematically assess graduates to determine what changes should occur to their principal preparation program. Suggestions for future research were also addressed in this study.

The importance of health care institutions’ management is accepted about 20 years ago. First in Lithuania the post of hospital administrator was established in Hospital of Kaunas University of Medicine in 1996. It is the first investigation of the expediency’s appreciation of hospital administrator’s post in Lithuania. Aim of the study: to evaluate the appreciation of the hospital administrator’s post. Objectives: 1) To analyse papers influencing on hospital administrator’s job. 2) To investigate and compare the opinion of hospital administrators and departments’ chiefs about the necessity of manager in hospital. Methods: The study consists of the responses of 34 chiefs and 54 administrators of departments of Kaunas Medical University Hospital. We asked questions of chiefs and administrators to determine the necessity of administrator’s role in health care organization, what functions hospital administrators should do. The administrators’ response rate was 65% (35 of 54), the chiefs’ rate was 79% (27 of 35). There were used T and Chi-square tests, hospital administrators were compare to chiefs of departments. In all instances statistical significance is set at 0.05 level. Results: There is done the analysis of health care institutions’ management and roles of hospital administrator. By investigation in Hospital of Kaunas University of Medicine all chiefs of departments (100%) and almost all hospital administrators (97%) predicate that the post of hospital administrator is... [to full text]

The subject of the thesis is an analysis of the insolvent administrator of the Institute in accordance with current legislation. The work is divided into 6 chapters: The first chapter with the name of the Institute of the insolvent person/Administrator- discussed sources of legislation and the conditions for the exercise of the functions of the insolvency administrator. The second chapter discussed of the performance of the insolvency administrator, primarily focuses on the provisions of the function. The third chapter defines the concepts of preliminary, separate the insolvent the administrator and guest. The core of the work - the fourth chapter is devoted to the rights and obligations of the insolvent the administrator in the performance of the function, first, in General, then, according to a specific solution. The fifth chapter is named the responsibility of the administrator, which is discussed in the chapter. The final, the sixth chapter is devoted to the remuneration and reimbursement of expenses of the insolvency administrator finished. In the focus is also on the comparison of the new legislation with the regulations referred to in ZKV.

A formação em Administração vem sendo questionada por quase todos aqueles envolvidos com o campo, alimentando debates que apontam diferentes causas e múltiplas alternativas para a reformulação do processo, nos níveis de graduação, pós-graduação e extensão. Este texto busca assentar bases à formação em Administração, no nível de curso de graduação que se almeje competente e conseqüente, explorando, em perspectiva histórico-crítica o éthos da modernidade, cujo poderoso legado, vigente e ultrapassado, está, como uma peia, a prender os passos em direção à ousadia e à novidade. Valendo-se de abordagem interdisciplinar, a discussão toma como ponto focal os papéis da Administração e do administrador, procurando engendrar quadro de referências à construção de matriz epistêmica, ao mesmo tempo em que busca identificar um perfil universalista para o administrador, como uma possível identidade nacional, tomando contribuições provindas da Filosofia, História, Economia, Sociologia, Política, Educação e Administração. O trabalho conclui-se com a discussão da profissão de administrador e contempla nossas idiossincrasias, procurando indicar, dentro das perspectivas que se afiguram plausíveis à Administração, as alternativas de papéis disponíveis ao administrador, os quais podem vir a orientar projetos específicos para proporcionar formação na área. / Education in Business Administration has been subject to criticism by most professionals involved in the field. This has been nurturing debates that point out different reasons and multiple alternatives for remodeling the process at the undergraduate, graduate and extension levels. This text aims at setting bases for building a pedagogical project for undergraduate Business Administration courses that aims at the development of competencies and consciousness by exploiting, from a critical historic perspective, the ethos of modernity whose current and previous powerful legacy is like a harness, restricting the steps towards more daring and novel views. By means of an interdisciplinary approach, the present discussion has as its focal point the roles of Administration and the administrator. It looks for engendering reference tables and the building of epistemic roots. At the same time, it looks for identifying a universalistic profile of the administrator as a possible national identity, taking into account the contributions emanated from Philosophy, History, Economy, Sociology, Political Science, Education, and Business Administration. This thesis is partially concluded with a discussion about the job of an administrator contemplating the idiosyncrasies and seeking to indicate, within perspectives that are plausible to Administration, the range of possible roles available to the administrator, which can guide specific pedagogical projects to offer education in the area.

A formação em Administração vem sendo questionada por quase todos aqueles envolvidos com o campo, alimentando debates que apontam diferentes causas e múltiplas alternativas para a reformulação do processo, nos níveis de graduação, pós-graduação e extensão. Este texto busca assentar bases à formação em Administração, no nível de curso de graduação que se almeje competente e conseqüente, explorando, em perspectiva histórico-crítica o éthos da modernidade, cujo poderoso legado, vigente e ultrapassado, está, como uma peia, a prender os passos em direção à ousadia e à novidade. Valendo-se de abordagem interdisciplinar, a discussão toma como ponto focal os papéis da Administração e do administrador, procurando engendrar quadro de referências à construção de matriz epistêmica, ao mesmo tempo em que busca identificar um perfil universalista para o administrador, como uma possível identidade nacional, tomando contribuições provindas da Filosofia, História, Economia, Sociologia, Política, Educação e Administração. O trabalho conclui-se com a discussão da profissão de administrador e contempla nossas idiossincrasias, procurando indicar, dentro das perspectivas que se afiguram plausíveis à Administração, as alternativas de papéis disponíveis ao administrador, os quais podem vir a orientar projetos específicos para proporcionar formação na área. / Education in Business Administration has been subject to criticism by most professionals involved in the field. This has been nurturing debates that point out different reasons and multiple alternatives for remodeling the process at the undergraduate, graduate and extension levels. This text aims at setting bases for building a pedagogical project for undergraduate Business Administration courses that aims at the development of competencies and consciousness by exploiting, from a critical historic perspective, the ethos of modernity whose current and previous powerful legacy is like a harness, restricting the steps towards more daring and novel views. By means of an interdisciplinary approach, the present discussion has as its focal point the roles of Administration and the administrator. It looks for engendering reference tables and the building of epistemic roots. At the same time, it looks for identifying a universalistic profile of the administrator as a possible national identity, taking into account the contributions emanated from Philosophy, History, Economy, Sociology, Political Science, Education, and Business Administration. This thesis is partially concluded with a discussion about the job of an administrator contemplating the idiosyncrasies and seeking to indicate, within perspectives that are plausible to Administration, the range of possible roles available to the administrator, which can guide specific pedagogical projects to offer education in the area.