Šio magistrinio darbo objektas yra Lietuvos kariuomenės karininko Stasio Zaskevičiaus (1892–1968) refleksija apie 1918 – 1945 m. Lietuvos politinio – visuomeninio gyvenimo įvykius. Šią refleksiją autorius pateikia memorialinėje studijoje „Vieni metai mūsų tautos gyvenime“, kuri leidžia sužinoti ir analizuoti autoriaus politines pažiūras, požiūrį į svarbius Lietuvai istorinius įvykius. Magistriniame darbe buvo formuluojama tokia tyrimo problema – kuo pasižymi St.Zaskevičiaus memorialinėje studijoje atsispindinčios autoriaus politinės pažiūros ir požiūris į istorinius įvykius. Darbo tikslas – remiantis antruoju ir trečiuoju St. Zaskevičiaus memorialinės studijos „Vieni metai mūsų tautos gyvenime“ sąsiuviniais, ištirti ir aprašyti St. Zaskevičiaus požiūrį į Lietuvos istorijos įvykius 1918 – 1945 m. Rengiant darbą buvo išsikelti tokie du uždaviniai: 1) įvertinti St.Zaskevičiaus požiūrį į nepriklausomos Lietuvos politinį – visuomeninį gyvenimą 1918 – 1940 m.; 2) išanalizuoti St.Zaskevičiaus požiūrį į Antrojo pasaulinio karo įtaką Lietuvos politiniam ir visuomeniniam gyvenimui; 3) įvertinti St. Zaskevičiaus santykį su dabartine istoriografija; Mokslinis darbo naujumas yra tas, kad tiesiogiai nagrinėtas St. Zaskevičiaus rankraštinis palikimas, t.y. pirminis egodokumento plačiąja prasme tipo šaltinis, kuris dar nebuvo jokiu pavidalu publikuotas, todėl memorialinė studija „Vieni metai mūsų tautos gyvenime“ niekada nebuvo bent kiek išsamiau analizuota ir vertinta moksline ar istorine... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The object of this master thesis is a reflection of Lithuanian army officer Stasys Zaskevičius (1892–1968) about political - social life in Lithuania in 1918 – 1945. The author provides a reflection in a memorial study "One year in our nation’s life“, allowing to learn and analyze the author’s political views, views on important historical events. Research problem of this master thesis was formulated in this way – what are characteristics of St.Zaskevičius’ political views and approach to historical events reflected in memorial study. This master thesis is archaeographycal analysis basicly dedicated to St. Zaskevičius manuscript’s exploration. The goal of the work – with reference to the second and third parts of St. Zaskevičius memorial study “One year in our nation’s life”, explore and describe St. Zaskevičius approach to historical events in Lithuania 1918 – 1945. There are two objectives: 1) to evaluate St.Zaskevičius approach of independent Lithuania’s political - social life in 1918 - 1940; 2) to analyze St.Zaskevičius approach of the Second World War impact on the Lithuania’s political and social life; 3) to evaluate St. Zaskevičius views relation with conpemporary historiography.

A look at the historical relationship between Britons and Anglo-Jews through the lens of Tottenham Hotspur supporters' "Yid Army." The influx of Eastern European immigrants in the 1880s, the rise of the British Union of Fascists and the continuing evolution of British national identity speaks to a trend within Anglo-Jewish identity formation. Debates within the Jewish community of how best to live in British society, be it through assimilation or reassertion of Jewishness, have continued to the present day. By looking at the history of the Anglo-Jew in Britain one is able to see that the events surrounding the Y-word in soccer are based in a larger history of the Jewish struggle to form an Anglo-Jewish identity in the midst of an ever-evolving notion of Britishness.

Syftet med min undersökning var att få svar på hur Armémuseum i Stockholm representerar temat krig i basutställningen och hur museipersonalen förhåller sig till denna representation. Jag önskade även veta vad för sorts kulturarv Armémuseums anställda ansåg vara problematiskt att presentera. Jag intervjuade fyra personer från Armémuseum och via metoden “thick description” och Aronssons flanörperspektiv som grundar sig i promenadetnografin, gjort utförliga anteckningar av mina observationer från deras basutställning. Studien grundar sig i ett musei- och kulturarvsvetenskapligt perspektiv, där studier om hur kulturarv presenteras på museer är ett vanligt ämne. Mina teoretiska grundpelare har bland annat varit Gregory Ashworth, Sharon MacDonald, Laurajane Smith, Rihannon Mason och Peter Aronsson som alla menar att synen och bearbetningen av mörkt kulturarv påverkas av politiska värderingar, tiden och hur det framställs på museer. Resultatet av studien kommer fram till att Armémuseums anställda vill förmedla att krig är hemskt och som ofta går hand i hand med lidande, död och orättvisor. Armémuseum vill problematisera krig genom att presentera de “vanliga” soldaterna och deras familjers liv under krig, eftersom de var dem som ofta fick lida krigets bitterhet. Armémuseums personal vill inte bara visa upp vapen utan även visa de vardagliga objekten och situationerna eftersom de förmedlar den mänskliga närvaron i basutställningen. Därför har Armémuseums personal utformat basutställningen på ett sådan sätt att man som besökare ska känna sympati för dem som fick och fortfarande får lida på grund av krig. Ofta använder museet sig av iscensatta miljöer med dockor för att ge en tredimensionell bild av dessa människor. Armémuseums anställda har inte funnit några objekt svåra att ställa ut, vilket kanske kan bero på att de har den inställningen att krig bör problematiseras. Vem och vilka det är som egentligen tjänar på krig är frågor som är tidlösa. Det går exakt lika bra att fråga samma frågor idag som för några hundra år sedan, svaren är kanske densamma. Och det är det som Armémuseum vill förmedla till sina besökare: “Varför krigar människan?”, “För vilka krigar vi?” “Vilka är det som får lida?” och “Vilka representeras vanligtvis i historien och på museer?”. För som sagt, dessa frågor tycks ständigt vara aktuella och återkommande. Armémuseum vill väcka besökarnas intresse och åsikter angående krig, vart man ställer sig i diskussionen är upp till besökarna själva att avgöra. / In this thesis I examine how Army Museum in Stockholm, Sweden, exhibits the heritage of war in their permanent exhibition “War and Peace”. The museum is a governmental activity. The aim of my research is to study how the Army Museum employees relate to the representation of war and how this is expressed in the permanent exhibition. I have chosen to focus on the representation of war at the permanent exhibition and therefore chosen only to interview people who have worked on the design of the permanent exhibition. No visitors were interviewed because it was how the staff relates to the representation of war that I wanted to study. I use qualitative methods in my study using observations at the study site and interviews with the museum employees. I'm using a museum and cultural scientific perspective in my study, which is the study of how society sorts out, preserves and convey cultural heritage. Researchers who have figured as my theoretical counsellors include; Sharon MacDonald, Gregory Ashworth, Laurajane Smith. All those researchers mean that the view and adaption of “dark heritage” are influenced by political values, time and how it is presented in the exhibit. The study comes to the conclusion that the Army Museum wants to convey that war is horrible, especial for those who live with it in their everyday life. Army Museum exhibits war in such a way that it is not glorified. Instead they have chosen to problematize war and let its horrors be presented. The museum employees think it is important to encourage visitors to understand that war often goes hand in hand with death and suffering. The staffs do not think any item, so far, has been difficult to exhibit. This thesis is a two years master’s thesis in Museum and Cultural heritage.

This thesis has three parts which can be briefly described as the nature of the threat, the instrument of response and the method of response. Before discussing the military system of the Roman empire, it is necessary to examine its enemies, to see how and why they fought. The first part of the thesis looks at the limitations of the evidence concerning barbarians. It then discusses the social and economic basis of barbarian life, showing their potential for war and the type of threat presented to the Roman empire. The next section deals with the types of conflict between Rome and the barbarians and the reasons for it. There then follows a detailed discussion of barbarian armies and their equipment, strategy and tactics when fighting the Romans. The second section discusses the Roman army. Initially, the organisation of the army is examined, then its troop types and their equipment. This is done with regard to both land and naval forces. Then the sources of soldiers and the problem of barbarization are discussed in some depth. Lastly, the types of fixed defences are briefly examined. Having examined the instrument of response, the third section discusses how it was used. It starts by examining the conditions affecting decision-making at this period, then discusses foreign policy, i.e. whether to use force or alternative methods, with regard to both barbarians and internal enemies. Strategy, i.e. the type of operation employed to defeat the enemy, is then discussed with regard to defence against barbarians, attack against barbarians and against internal enemies. The following part, on operations, discusses how the army performed in the field and analyses tactics for fighting field battles, naval battles and sieges.

Canada's volunteer military faces a major manning problem. High attrition rates reflect youth indifference to military service, and research indicates that the manpower pool from which recruits are drawn will shrink significantly in the next two decades, exacerbating an already difficult situation. / This thesis reports on the first part of a two phase study investigating some of the variables and the dynamics underlying training attrition. In this phase three personality inventories, Holland's Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI), Levenson's Locus of Control Scale (LCS), and Super's Work Values Inventory (WVI) were related to four discrete categories of attrition and to several composite attrition criteria. In addition, Holland's personality-environment congruence hypothesis was tested. / Two distinct samples were used: military recruits, and their supervising Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs). The recruit sample consisted of 795, 17-25 year old, males who successfully completed Canadian Forces Basic Training without being recoursed, as well as 185 recruits grouped into four discrete and three composite attrition categories. The NCO sample consisted of the 30 Squad NCOs in charge of training the recruit sample. / Both recruit and NCO samples were administered questionnaires prior to the start of training. The questionnaires, contained the personality inventories indicated, as well as measures of variables to be analyzed in the second phase of this study. / Statistical analysis was carried out using (chi)('2), ANOVA, and point biserial corrrelations. Since this was a field study, the level of significance utilized was p < .05. / Three of four hypotheses were supported: (a) Recruits who share congruent LCS personality types with their Squad NCO and the modal squad personality type had lower attrition rates, supporting Holland's congruency hypothesis. (b) As a group, recruits with Realistic, Investigative and Conventional personality types, were more congruent with the squad environments, and exhibited significantly less attrition than Artistic, Social and Enterprising types, supporting the congruency hypothesis, and the use of Holland's theory in the analysis of vocational change. (c) A postulated difference in attrition between LCS personality types, Internals, Externals-Chance and External-Powerful Others, was not supported by the data. However, recruits in one of the composite attrition categories scored significantly higher on the External-Chance sub-scale of Levenson's LCS, suggesting poorer adaptation among those who believe that chance has a controlling effect on their lives. (d) Several work values were negatively correlated with the various attrition categories, possibly an outcome of the modal "blue collar" orientation of the sample. However, the "life style" value correlated positively with those who were passing and requested release and the "surroundings" value correlated positively with those who were failing and requested release, suggesting a consistent relationship between certain work values and attrition categories. / Overall results confirm the usefulness of utilizing multiple, discrete, and composite attrition criteria and of investigating attrition from a micro-environmental perspective. The study also supports Holland's personality-environment congruence hypothesis, and suggests a consistent relationship between personality variables and attrition.

Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 353-376). / Electronic reproduction. / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / iv, 376 leaves, bound 29 cm

This thesis examines the logistical support of the Australian Army???s operations in the South West Pacific from January 1943 to August 1945. It begins by examining the strategic context. Succeeding chapters then examine various topics, including doctrine, base development, problems of storage and tropic proofing, inland water transport, road construction, air supply, amphibious operations and the support of combat operations. In this thesis I argue that the Australian Army???s logistical acumen and ability steadily grew with each campaign, resulting in a highly effective military organisation that inflicted a series of crushing defeats on the Japanese.

This thesis shows that the doctrine of Active Defence has been the overriding concern of the PLA since 1950 and not any form of People’s War. Active Defence is based on three basic principles: no provocation of other nations; no bases anywhere on foreign soil; and no seizure of territory. The PLA’s articulated doctrine in the 1950s was to ‘Protect the North and Defend the South’. In the 1960s this changed to ‘Lure the Enemy Deep into the Country’ in order to crush him with ‘People’s War’. In the 1970s, this became ‘Prepare to Fight Early and Fight Big’. By using examples of the PLA in battle this thesis shows how the doctrine changed in light of failures in battle. The post-Mao reorganisation of the PLA to rectify these faults turned it into a modern military force, building on this legacy by transforming itself into a hardened and networked military. The PLA has now reached a stage of its history where it can fully implement its operational art that took root in the theories espoused in the 1920s and 1930s through the Soviet model, and tried to be implemented in the 1950s and 1960s only to be thwarted by the Cultural Revolution. The People’s Liberation Army’s operational art, this thesis demonstrates, has now come of age.

There is an abundance of historical and anecdotal material relating to the experiences of the Australian soldier during World War 1. These soldiers were conscious both during and after the war that their contribution was important and that it was recognised as such by Australian society at large. Conversely there is an almost total absence of historical or anecdotal material about the role of the Australian nurse who served during this same conflict. Whether these nurses had the same degree of consciousness, either during or after the war, that their contributions were valued or seen as important by Australian society remains, largely, unknown. This thesis attempts to redress, in part, this absence by telling the story of a nurse, Jessie Tomlins, who served in the Australian Army Nursing Service during this period. At the same time specific aspects of the historical events surrounding World War One will be explored. Jessie Tomlins served, first as a Staff Nurse and later as a Sister, in the 14th Australian General Hospital in Egypt during 1916. At the same time her brother, Fred Tomlins, was already serving in the 1st Australian Light Horse Regiment and spent the entire four years of World War 1 in Palestine and Egypt. At the end of 1916 their younger brother, Will Tomlins, also joined the Army and became a member of the Anzac Mounted Division. The letters, postcards and photographs that Jessie, Fred and Will sent home to their mother and family, as well as Fred's fourteen diaries, form the foundation of this thesis. This thesis provides a meaningful snapshot of one woman from rural Australia who completed her nurse training during the war and then served her country during one of the most brutal periods of humankind. Her own words clearly tell the story of her war time experiences whilst, at the same time, conveying her expectations, prior to, during and after, this event. The development of the Australian Army Nursing Service, as it affected Jessie, over this period is also considered. It will be demonstrated that whilst ordinary men, soldiers, were at the military front line so too were ordinary women, nurses. The thesis will provide support for the contention that the contribution of Australian nurses in World War One, especially that of the ordinary nurse caring for the ordinary soldier, has been poorly recorded and as a result remains under-valued.

Thesis (M.A.-Miss.)--Nazarene Theological Seminary, 1988. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-100).