Purpose: Our main purpose is to explore, describe and analyze the organizational conduct when implementing automated trading systems (ATS) in companies, investigate the organizational challenges arising from this, and the effects these have on a successful diffusion. As the extent of implementing ATS in the Swedish financial industry has not been explored to any greater extent, it is therefore also imperative to explore this; which will be seen as a secondary purpose to this article. Background: The study is based on innovation and diffusion theories, as well as those of power structures and organization. Further, an explanation of ATS and its dynamics is provided and discussed to facilitate a definition of the term. Method: The research has been carried out as an exploratory, descriptive and analytical qualitative study. We have conducted case studies of 7 companies that are implementing, or evaluating the implementation, of ATS. The data was collected through interviews. Conclusion: The majority of the case companies are in the clarifying and routinizing stages of the innovation process. What is found unique with ATS is that it can be implemented partly. The dimensions found central to a smooth diffusion in the companies are the required level of competence-sharing and complexity of implementation.

<p><strong><p><strong>Purpose: </strong></p><p><em>Our main purpose is to explore, describe and analyze the organizational conduct when implementing automated trading systems (ATS) in companies, investigate the organizational challenges arising from this, and the effects these have on a successful diffusion</em>. As the extent of implementing ATS in the Swedish financial industry has not been explored to any greater extent, it is therefore also imperative to explore this; which will be seen as a secondary purpose to this article.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong></p><p>The study is based on innovation and diffusion theories, as well as those of power structures and organization. Further, an explanation of ATS and its dynamics is provided and discussed to facilitate a definition of the term.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong></p><p>The research has been carried out as an exploratory, descriptive and analytical qualitative study.<strong> </strong>We have conducted case studies of 7 companies that are implementing, or evaluating the implementation, of ATS. The data was collected through interviews.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong></p><p>The majority of the case companies are in the clarifying and routinizing stages of the innovation process. What is found unique with ATS is that it can be implemented partly. The dimensions found central to a smooth diffusion in the companies are the <em>required level of competence-sharing</em> and <em>complexity of implementation.</em></p></strong></p>

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Submitted by Fernando de Rezende Francisco (frfrancisco@gmail.com) on 2017-04-07T11:20:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao - Fernando de Rezende Francisco.pdf: 1143087 bytes, checksum: 4583241a1e35be54f0b86d1af2911fb4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2017-04-07T12:23:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao - Fernando de Rezende Francisco.pdf: 1143087 bytes, checksum: 4583241a1e35be54f0b86d1af2911fb4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-07T12:42:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao - Fernando de Rezende Francisco.pdf: 1143087 bytes, checksum: 4583241a1e35be54f0b86d1af2911fb4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-14 / There is a lack in literature about the use of Health Technology Assessment (HTA) for decision making in Brazilian’s hospitals. In addition, there is evidence that the application of HTA in hospitals can improve the use of financial investments. The objective of this study was to analyze the application of HTA methods in decision making in hospitals linked to REBRATS (Brazilian Network for the Health Technologies Assessment). Grounded Theory methodology has been applied, and the interviews data were analyzed using the ATLAS.ti software. Interviews were conducted with managers of eleven hospital-based HTA units (called “NATS”, Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde), based on a semi-structured script prepared from the 15 guiding principles for good practices in hospital-based HTA units. The results indicated that HTA is applied in an incipient way in the decision making process in hospitals. The analysis of the interviews’ content also allowed us to conclude that the success of the hospitalbased HTA units for the incorporation and disincorporation of health technologies depends on a chain of related strategic actions, and the lack of any of the stages weakens or even impedes the full application of HTA for decision-making in hospitals. / Faltam informações na literatura sobre a aplicação de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (ATS) em hospitais no Brasil. Adicionalmente, há indícios de que a aplicação de ATS em hospitais pode melhorar o uso dos investimentos financeiros. O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar a aplicação dos métodos de ATS na tomada de decisão em hospitais vinculados à REBRATS (Rede Brasileira de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde). Optou-se por utilizar o método da Grounded Theory, ou Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, e os dados foram analisados com o uso do software ATLAS.ti. Foram realizadas entrevistas com gestores de onze núcleos de ATS (NATS), baseadas em roteiro semiestruturado preparado a partir dos 15 princípios orientadores para boas práticas de ATS em hospitais. Os resultados indicaram que a ATS é aplicada de maneira incipiente no processo de tomada de decisão em hospitais. A análise do conteúdo das entrevistas permitiu, ainda, concluir que o sucesso dos NATS para a incorporação e desincorporação de tecnologias em saúde depende de uma cadeia de ações estratégicas relacionadas, e a falta de qualquer uma das etapas enfraquece, ou mesmo inviabiliza, a plena aplicação da ATS para a tomada de decisões em hospitais.

This diploma thesis deals with the design of automated trading system for trading the currency market. On the basis of technical indicators is created a trading system in MQL4 for the MetaTrader4 platform. Part of the thesis is optimization of the proposed system and testing on historical data in order to increase stability and maximize profit.

This diploma thesis deals with the realization of a business order, consisting in creating a system of rapid analysis and optimization based on real business data of currency pairs using the MATLAB software. Within this developed topic a customer automated trading system is implemented, including the analysis and the optimization of the system parameters. There was also used a predictive system of the development of the prices, using artificial intelligence methods, based on historical data. The obtained data from the optimization and the simulations of the automated trading system are clearly summarized in graphic outputs.

Il est maintenant bien établi que le système immunitaire joue un rôle majeur dans le contrôle des tumeurs, y compris dans les carcinomes pulmonaires. Cependant, les interactions entre les cellules tumorales et les cellules immunitaires du microenvironnement tumoral sont mal connues. Dans ce travail, nous avons étudié les caractéristiques morphologiques et moléculaires des cellules tumorales provenant d’adénocarcinomes pulmonaires et leur association avec la composition du microenvironnement immunitaire. Nous avons rapporté la valeur pronostique des paramètres morphologiques de ces tumeurs, comme le grade histologique des adénocarcinomes, et leur association avec le statut moléculaire EGFR et KRAS. Nous avons émis l’hypothèse que la diversité morphologique et moléculaire de ces tumeurs pouvait être associée à une signature immunitaire intra-tumorale spécifique et que cela pourrait avoir un impact pronostique. Nous avons mis en évidence que la densité des cellules dendritiques matures, situées au sein de structures lymphoïdes tertiaires, variait en fonction du statut moléculaire EGFR et KRAS des tumeurs. De même, l’impact pronostique des cellules dendritiques matures et des lymphocytes CD8+ variait en fonction du statut moléculaire des tumeurs. Nous avons également retrouvé la valeur pronostique de l’environnement immunitaire, représenté par la densité en cellules dendritiques matures et en lymphocytes CD8+, sur la survie à long terme des carcinomes pulmonaires de stade III-N2 opérés après chimiothérapie néoadjuvante. Enfin, nous avons démontré que la chimiothérapie n'est pas associée à de profondes modifications de l’infiltrat immunitaire, alors qu’elle entraîne des modifications des cellules tumorales. L’ensemble de ces résultats suggère que l’infiltrat immunitaire est intimement lié à la cellule tumorale et que la composition du microenvironnement immunitaire varie avec les caractéristiques de la tumeur. Cette interaction entre les cellules tumorales et les cellules immunitaires contribue au pronostic de ces tumeurs. Ces données démontrent l’intérêt d’utiliser des traitements combinant des drogues cytotoxiques, telle la chimiothérapie conventionnelle, à des traitements immunomodulateurs permettant de favoriser une réponse immunitaire anti-tumorale efficace. / The major role of the immune system against tumor development is now clearly established, including lung carcinoma. Nevertheless, interaction between tumoral cells and immune environment is less well-defined. In that study, we have studied morphological and molecular tumoral cells characteristics from lung adenocarcinoma and their role in the composition of immune environment. We reported the prognostic value of morphological parameters, as histological grade of adenocarcinoma, and their association with molecular EGFR and KRAS status. We hypothesized that morphological and molecular diversity of these tumors could be associated with a specific intratumoral immune signature, and could have an impact in prognosis. We showed that mature dendritic cells density, located in tertiary lymphoid structures, differed according to EGFR and KRAS status. Morever, molecular status of tumors modified the pronostic value of mature dendritics cells and CD8+ T cells. We found a prognostic value of immune environment, represented by dendritic cells and T CD8+ cells, in operated stage III-N2 lung carcinomas treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy. At last, we demonstrated that chemotherapy is not associated with wide modifications in immune infiltrate, whereas it induced modifications in tumoral cells. All together, these data strongly argue for a close link between tumoral cells and immune environment, which seems to depend on tumoral cell characteristics. This interaction between tumoral cells and immune cells contribute to the prognosis of these tumors. These results show the evidence that combine cytotoxic treatment, like conventional chemotherapy, with immunomodulators, favour a protective anti-tumor immune response.

Les conflits armés dans des pays producteurs de drogues illicites, comme la Birmanie, sont parmi les plus longs du XXe et du XXIe siècles. Dans ces conflits, l’industrie de la drogue est souvent présentée comme la source de financement qui permet aux groupes insurgés de poursuivre leur combat contre le gouvernement central. Cependant, l’économie illicite birmane s’est développée pendant un conflit armé tout comme durant une période de stabilité accrue. Une analyse des régions shan, wa et kokang de l’État Shan démontre que les industries de la drogue ont prospéré à la fois durant le conflit armé et en l’absence de celui-ci lorsque des ententes entre élites existent autour du partage des rentes de cette économie. / Armed conflict in drug-producing countries such as Burma conflict, are among the longest in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. In these conflicts, the drug industry is often portrayed as the source of funding that allows insurgent groups to continue their struggle against the central government. However, the Burmese illicit economy grew both during armed conflict and during a period of increased stability. An analysis of the Shan, Kokang and Wa regions of Burma’s Shan State demonstrates that drug industries have flourished during armed conflict and in its absence when elites have agreed to share rents from the industry.

Pessoas com tetraplegia possuem controle sobre poucas partes do corpo, por isso têm grande dificuldade de interação com o mundo ao seu redor. Interfaces humano-computador que utilizam a capacidade de controle muscular remanescente podem promover um acréscimo importante na autonomia do usuário com tetraplegia. Uma nova forma de interação com o computador é proposta: controle de um dispositivo de entrada por meio do lábio inferior. A ideia não foi partir da tecnologia e agregar recursos, mas sim, partir da pessoa e entender suas necessidades e potencialidades para pesquisar, propor, desenvolver e avaliar alternativas tecnológicas. Com o intuito de investigar se o lábio inferior seria capaz de controlar uma interface de maneira eficiente e precisa, foram desenvolvidos protótipos de um dispositivo de entrada vestível que pudesse ser acionado pelo lábio. Considerando o estado da arte, foi avaliada a capacidade do lábio inferior controlar esta interface proposta como um mouse de computador. Também foi realizada a comparação do controle pelo lábio inferior e pelo polegar utilizando o mesmo dispositivo sob as mesmas condições. O objetivo foi estabelecer referências sobre a capacidade do lábio inferior de controlar uma interface. Foram realizados e analisados os resultados de testes com sujeitos de pesquisa, mensurando e comprovando a capacidade tanto do lábio inferior, como parte do corpo capaz de controlar um dispositivo de entrada, quanto do próprio dispositivo. / People with tetraplegia control few body parts; therefore, they have great difficulty to interact with the environment. Human-computer interfaces that explore the residual muscular control capacity can provide the user with tetraplegia with an important autonomy increase. I propose a new form of interaction, a input device controlled by the lower lip. The idea was not starting from the technology and aggregate resources, but starting from the user needs to research, to propose, to develop and to evaluate technological alternatives. In order to investigate the lower lip ability to efficiently and precisely control an input device, prototypes of a wearable device were developed. I presented an evaluation of the lower lip potential to control a pointing input device, according to the state of the art. The lower lip throughput was compared with the thumb throughput using the same input device under the same conditions. The objective was to establish the baseline for future researches about the lower lip capacity to operate a computer pointing device. The results proved and measured the capacity of the interface as well as the lower lip as a body part able to control a input device.

The paper brings answers on the the question whether it is possible to measure the field of recruitment. Via quantifying the administrative process of recrutment, the paper reflects the savings of time and costs by using e-recruitment application (applicant tracking system ATS) and it searchs for the relationship between quality of hire and increase of company value and its profit.