Este trabalho analisa a criação da Universidade Federal do ABC e seu projeto pedagógico, que pretende trazer importantes inovações para o ensino superior brasileiro, avaliando sua implantação e seu impacto tanto no contexto regional quanto nacional de educação superior. Analisa-se sua capacidade transformadora da realidade, a partir de uma discussão sobre o conceito de desenvolvimento econômico e social contido em seu projeto. Para isso, em primeiro lugar situa-se seu aparecimento, apresentando-se um panorama do ensino superior na região do ABC, bem como o contexto de reestruturação produtiva naqueles municípios, com base na coleta de dados do IBGE e do INEP e na análise de documentos institucionais e na verificação bibliográfica. Em seguida, analisa-se o projeto pedagógico em si, problematizando-o e mostrando as principais visões de universidade e de sociedade atuantes e conflitantes em seu interior. Por fim, resgata-se o debate sobre o conceito de desenvolvimento social e econômico e as relações com a universidade, buscando entender a função social da UFABC. / This study examines the creation of the Federal University of ABC and its project, which aims to bring important innovations to the Brazilian higher education, evaluating its implementation and its impact both on the regional and national higher education. We analyze its capacity to transform reality, from a discussion of social and economic developments concept contained in the project. We present, then, an overview of higher education in the ABC region, and the context of productive restructuring on those municipalities, based on data collection and analysis of institutional documents and bibliographic verification. Next, we analyze the pedagogical project itself, questioning and showing the main visions of the university and society active inside. Finally, it\'s indicated the debate on the concept of economic development and relations with the university, trying to understand the social function of UFABC.

Esta pesquisa estuda as políticas públicas em São Bernardo do Campo, no Pós-Guerra, durante o período 1945 – 1964. São abordados, nesse contexto, aspectos do crescimento econômico e urbano da cidade, que faz parte do chamado “ABC Paulista”, região diferenciada no Estado de São Paulo por apresentar intensa industrialização. A ação pública ligada a tais características, tratada como objeto desta pesquisa, revelou-se de tipo bastante tradicional. Ao expressar as convicções políticas da época, fazia com que a política pública não se antecipasse às demandas da população, mas enquadrava-se no ideário otimista que previa um futuro sempre melhor, ao estilo da lógica desenvolvimentista. / This research studies the public policies in São Bernardo do Campo, in the Post-War period (1945 – 1964). Issues from the economic growth and urbanization of the City – which is part of the metropolitan-industrial sub-region of “ABC Paulista” - were studied. The sum of public policies related to these issues, which is the object of this research, revealed itself as being of a traditional kind, not anticipating the real necessities of the people of the countship, besides being always optimistic about the future, incorporating the ideology of Economic Development, under the form of the so called “desenvolvimentismo”.

Com o acelerado crescimento das cidades, tornam-se mais urgentes a identificação e as ações de proteção ao patrimônio material que represente as memórias históricas, arquitetônicas, artísticas e paisagísticas de nossas cidades. Buscando a conservação e valorização de imóveis considerados patrimônio histórico, tem sido constante a destinação destes para o desenvolvimento de atividades de caráter cultural. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é compreender se o uso cultural é mesmo capaz de favorecer a conservação do imóvel e em que medida contribui para a difusão dos valores históricos e artísticos em meio à sociedade. O campo de estudo é a cidade de Santo André e o recente período, a partir da década de 1980, onde foram intensificados os trabalhos de recuperação e valorização da memória na região. Para fazer a avaliação desta premissa, foram selecionados quatro imóveis tombados pelo Conselho Municipal da cidade, para através destes também verificar os processos e princípios que os levaram ao tombamento, a forma de apropriação dos espaços e as reformas que foram realizadas para adequação à implantação de novas atividades. Colocam-se ainda alguns objetivos complementares: avaliação dos sucessos obtidos na recuperação da memória e na preservação destes bens tombados; análise das intervenções realizadas nos imóveis em estudo, sua adequação ao uso e a concordância com os preceitos modernos de intervenção definidos a partir das Cartas Patrimoniais; identificação das políticas de preservação e proteção adotadas nas diferentes gestões do Conselho e da Prefeitura. Este trabalho busca contribuir para o registro dos processos de recuperação e construção da memória local, através da compilação de dados e registro das impressões dos agentes participantes dessa história. / With the rapid growth of cities, the identification and the protection actions to the material patrimony, which represents the historical, architectural, artistic and landscape memories of our cities become more urgent. Aiming the conservation and valorization of buildings considered historic patrimonies; the development of cultural activities have been designated to them. The main purpose of this paper is to comprehend if the cultural use is even capable of supporting the conservation of the buildings and to what extent contributes to the diffusion of artistic and historical values in the society. The field of study is the city of Santo Andre and the recent period, from the decade of 1980, where the works of recovery and valorization of the region memory were intensified. To evaluate this premise, four buildings preserved by the City Council were selected. The preservation process and principles, the places appropriation form and the refurbishments done due to new activities deployment will be verified through those buildings. There are still some additional goals: assessment of the successes achieved in memorys ransom and the maintenance these preserved buildings; analysis of interventions on the studied buildings, their suitability for use and the agreement with the modern intervention precepts defined from the Patrimonial Letters; identification of the protection and preservation policies adopted in different Council and Mayor administrations. This paper purposes to contribute to the local memory ransom and build processes records, over the collection of these history agents impressions data and records.

This thesis deals with the packaging of purchased components that enter into the production process. Based on the conducted analysis, proposals have been developed for improving the existing logistics process in order to optimize the processes of reception, registration, and expenditure of purchased components, and to simplify and eliminate basic types of wasteful use and activities that do not bring value into the process.

4 ABSTRACT Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Candidate: Dimitrios Vagiannis Supervisor: RNDr. Jakub Hofman, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Evaluation of antiproliferative effect of selected tyrosine kinase inhibitors in MDCKII cell lines Tyrosine kinases are important enzymes regulating crucial cellular processes including differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, transcription, metabolism, and intercellular communication. Deregulation of these enzymes is the cause of various types of cancers. The blockade of their function by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKis) is considered a promising approach especially in antitumor pharmacotherapy. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug efflux transporters are a family of transmembrane proteins that pump a variety of structurally unrelated compounds out of the cell in an energy-dependent manner. They play an important role in pharmacokinetics (affect absorption, distribution, elimination) and, at the same time, can negatively influence efficacy of chemotherapy (participate in multidrug resistance phenomenon). In our research, we evaluated antiproliferative properties of four selected TKis, namely alectinib, brivanib, osimertinib and selumetinib, in MDCKII cell lines (parent one and those transduced with human...

Les systèmes de transduction du signal et les transporteurs ABC contribuent de façon conjointe à la réponse adaptative des bactéries aux changements d’environnement. Trois modules, associant un phosphorelais et un transporteur ABC, ont été répertoriés chez B. subtilis et sont impliqués dans la réponse à différents antibiotiques: BceRSAB, PsdRSAB et YxdJKLM. Ils sont caractérisés par une histidine kinase possédant une boucle extracytoplasmique courte et appartenant à la famille des Intramembrane Sensing - Histidine Kinase (IM-HK) et par un transporteur ABC possédant une Membrane Spanning Domain (MSD) à boucle extracytoplasmique exceptionnellement longue. En utilisant une approche phylogénomique, il a été établi que ce type de modules était restreint aux Firmicutes, où ils sont apparus et se sont largement répandus. De plus, cette analyse met en lumière une histoire évolutive très dynamique impliquant de nombreux transferts horizontaux, duplications et pertes de gènes, conduisant à un répertoire de modules Bce-like très varié chez ce phylum. Grâce à une analyse phylogénétique fine, il a été proposé une classification de ces modules en six sous-familles bien définies.Des études fonctionnelles ont été réalisées sur des membres de la sous-famille IV comprenant le module de résistance à la bacitracine BceRSAB de B. subtilis, dont l’expression des gènes codant pour le transporteur requiert, en présence de l’antibiotique, le système de transduction du signal aussi bien que le transporteur lui-même. Les résultats de ces études montrent que d’autres membres de la sous-famille IV, YtsCD de B. licheniformis et BceAB de B. halodurans, sont également impliqués dans la résistance à la bacitracine. Ils suggèrent aussi que dans ces modules le transporteur ABC est le premier senseur de la présence de l’antibiotique et qu'il active le système de transduction une interaction entre une sous unité du transporteur et la kinase du module. De plus, en présence de bacitracine, l’expression des gènes codant pour le transporteur BceAB ainsi que la résistance à cet antibiotique requièrent la présence de la boucle de la MSD BceB ce qui démontre l'importance de cette boucle aussi bien au niveau fonctionnel que structural.Par ailleurs, l’étude que nous avons réalisée suggère que le mécanisme original de régulation des gènes du transporteur BceAB de B. subtilis pourrait être généralisé à tous les modules équivalents présents chez les Firmicutes. Ces modules constitueraient ainsi un mécanisme important de résistance aux antibiotiques peptidiques chez les bactéries de ce phylum qui comprend de nombreux pathogènes. / Signal transduction systems and ABC transporters often contribute jointly to adaptive bacterial responses to environmental changes. In Bacillus subtilis, three such pairs, thereafter called modules, are involved in responses to antibiotics: BceRSAB, PsdRSAB and YxdJKLM. They are characterized by a histidine kinase belonging to the Intramembrane Sensing – Histine Kinase family (IM-HK) and by a Membrane Spanning Domain (MSD) possessing an unusually large extracytoplasmic loop. Using a phylogenomic approach we were able to demonstrate that such modules, associating a phosphorelay and an ABC transporter, are specific but widespread in Firmicutes where they originated. This analyse highlight a highly dynamic evolutionary history involving numerous horizontal gene transfers, duplications and lost events, leading to a great variety of Bce-like module repertories in members of this bacterial phylum. Based on fine phylogenetic analyses, the Bce-like modules were divided into six well-defined subfamilies. Functional studies were performed on some members of subfamily IV comprising the bacitracin resistance module BceRSAB of B. subtilis, the expression of which being found to require, in the presence of bacitracin, the signal transduction system as well as the ABC transporter itself. The present results indicate that two other members of subfamily IV, YtsCD of B. licheniformis and BceAB of B. halodurans, were also found to participate in bacitracin resistance processes. The results also suggest that in these modules the ABC transporter works as the first sensor of the antibiotic and that it then activates the signal transduction system through an interaction between one of the two ABC transporter domains and the module kinase.Bacitracin dependent expression of bceAB and bacitracin resistance processes were shown to require the presence of the BceB translocator loop suggesting a crucial role for this loop as well at a functional level, as at a structural level.This study suggests that the original BceRSAB module regulatory mechanism might be generalised to other modules and would constitute an important common antibiotic resistance mechanism in Firmicutes which comprise many human pathogens.

ABCG2 ou BCRP est une protéine membranaire de la famille des transporteurs ABC. Elle utilise l’énergie de l’hydrolyse de l’ATP pour exporter des composés endogènes et exogènes hors des cellules. Elle participe ainsi à la protection et la détoxication de l’organisme. En revanche, dans le cas des cellules cancéreuses, elle est surexprimée et participe donc au phénotype de résistance à de multiples médicaments (MDR : Multi Drug Resistance). En effet, lors de la surexpression de cette protéine, les agents anti-cancéreux sont exportés hors des cellules tumorales, ce qui diminue leurs concentrations intracellulaires sous leurs seuils de cytotoxicité et les rend inefficaces. De par l’importance d’ABCG2 dans la chimiorésistance, de nombreux efforts sont effectués pour concevoir des inhibiteurs afin de restaurer la sensibilité des cellules cancéreuses. Dans ce contexte, le projet de thèse vise à caractériser ABCG2 sur les plans structural et fonctionnel afin de comprendre son mécanisme d’action. La protéine ABCG2 exprimée chez E. coli, a été purifiée, sous forme stable et homogène et le rendement est de 1,5 mg de protéine par litre de culture. La caractérisation fonctionnelle de celle-ci témoigne de son repliement correct. En effet, il a été démontré qu’elle est capable de fixer différents substrats (naturels et agents anti-cancéreux) avec des affinités différentes. Des essais préliminaires de cristallisation ainsi que des observations par microscopie électronique révèlent des résultats encourageants pour la suite de la caractérisation structurale / ABCG2 or BCRP is a membrane protein that belongs to the ABC transporter family. It uses the hydrolysis energy of ATP to export endogenous and exogenous compounds out of cells. It is thus involved in the protection and detoxification of the body. However, it is overexpressed by cancer cells and participates in the multidrug resistance phenotype (MDR); in fact, anti-cancer agents are exported out of the tumor cells, which reduce their concentration below their cytotoxicity threshold and renders them ineffective. Because of its importance in chemoresistance, many efforts are made to design inhibitors to restore the sensitivity of cancer cells. In this context, the PhD project aims to characterize ABCG2 at structural and functional levels in order to understand its mechanism of action. We have succeeded in purifying ABCG2 expressed in E. coli, the protein obtained is stable and homogeneous, with a yield of 1.5 mg of protein per liter of culture. The functional characterization of ABCG2 demonstrates its correct folding. In fact, we have demonstrated that it is able to bind different substrates (natural and anti-cancer agents) with different affinities. Preliminary crystallization assays and electron microscopy observations reveal encouraging results for subsequent structural characterization

La présence croissante de nanoparticules (NPs) dans les produits de la vie quotidienne (alimentation, médicaments, cosmétiques, textiles…) soulève de sérieuses inquiétudes quant à leurs potentiels effets nocifs pour la santé humaine. Les NPs de dioxyde de titane (TiO2) sont produites à l’échelle industrielle et peuvent déjà être trouvées dans plusieurs produits commerciaux tels que les peintures, les cosmétiques ou dans les systèmes de décontamination de l’eau ou de l’air. Dans le passé, les NPs de TiO2 étaient considérées comme inertes, mais, très récemment, l'Agence Internationale pour la Recherche sur le Cancer les a classées comme possiblement cancérogènes (groupe 2B) pour l’homme. De nombreuses études in vitro et in vivo ont démontré la potentielle neuro-toxicité des NPs de TiO2, mais très peu d'études se sont concentrées plus spécifiquement sur la barrière hémato-encéphalique (BHE), protégeant le cerveau. Aujourd'hui, en dépit des avancées constatées, la bio-cinétique et la bio-accumulation des NPs de TiO2 ainsi que les conséquences sur la physiologie de la barrière hémato-encéphalique (BHE) in vivo restent très peu documentées. De plus, dans l’évaluation du risque lié à l’exposition aux NPs, des facteurs de risque tel que l’âge ont jusqu’ici été quasiment ignorés. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de ce projet est donc d’évaluer chez le rat adulte et âgé, l’impact d’une exposition aux NPs de TiO2 sur les fonctions de la BHE et sur le métabolisme cérébral. Nos résultats ont montré que les NPs de TiO2 s’accumulent dans certains organes et tissus (principalement dans les poumons, la rate et le foie) et ne sont pas distribuées au système nerveux central (SNC) que ce soit après injection intra-veineuse (IV) ou après une inhalation subaiguë à un nano-aérosol de TiO2. Après administration IV, une interaction directe entre NPs et les cellules endothéliales microvasculaires conduit à des altérations fonctionnelles au niveau de la BHE. Malgré l'absence de translocation vers le SNC, la bio-persistance du titane dans les organes périphériques semble être la cause de modulations de perméabilité de la BHE et d’une inflammation cérébrale. L'implication de médiateurs circulants faisant le lien entre la bio-persitance de titane dans les organes périphériques et les modulations observées au niveau cérébral a été démontré en utilisant un modèle in vitro de BHE. Une réponse exacerbée en termes de neuro-inflammation et de modulation de perméabilité de la BHE établit la vulnérabilité du cerveau âgé à la toxicité des NPs inhalées. Ces résultats ont démontré que malgré l'absence de translocation cérébrale, l'exposition aux NPs de TiO2 induit des altérations fonctionnelles de la BHE et une neuro-inflammation qui pourraient conduire à des troubles neurologiques. L’identification des médiateurs et la description des effets neurotoxiques restent encore à préciser. / The overwhelming presence of nanoparticles (NPs) in products including foods, medications, cosmetics, or textiles raises serious concerns about their potential harmful effects on human health. In the wide diversity of NPs, titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs are among those produced on a large industrial scale and can already be found in several commercial products such as paints, cosmetics or in environmental decontamination systems. In the past, TiO2 NPs was considered inert, but, very recently, the International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC) has classified TiO2 as possibly carcinogenic (group 2B) to human beings. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown the potential neuro-toxicity of TiO2 NPs, but very few studies focus on the central nervous system (CNS), Nowadays, notwithstanding the reported advances, the biokinetic and bioaccumulation ofTiO2 NPs and the consequences on the physiology of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vivo are unknown. In addition, NPs effect on susceptible population such as the elderly have been mostly ignored. In this context, the target of the present studies is to evaluate the in vivo impact of exposure to NPs on the BBB physiology and brain inflammation which could promote neurotoxicity in young adults and aging. Our results have shown that TiO2 NPs bioaccumulate in organs and tissues (lungs, spleen and liver especially) and don’t translocate to the brain either after IV or subacute inhalation exposure. In IV administration case, the direct interaction between NPs and brain endothelial cells induces BBB functional alterations. Despite the lack of CNS translocation, the biopersistence of titanium in peripheral organs may be indirectly the cause of BBB permeability alteration and brain inflammation. The involvement of circulating mediators linking titanium biopersitence in peripheral organs and brain impact has been demonstrated using an in vitro BBB model. An exacerbated response in term of neuro-inflammation and BBB permeability modulation has established the vulnerability of the aging brain to inhaled NPs toxicity. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that despite lack of brain translocation, exposure to TiO2 NPs induce BBB physiology alteration and neuro-inflammation that may lead to CNS disorders. Thereafter, identification of mediators and description of the neurotoxic effects may complete the assessment of the impact of TiO2 NPs exposure on the brain.

The resistance to tamoxifen, a drug used in the adjuvant therapy for hormone sensitive breast cancer, represents a major clinical obstacle. Although various mechanisms leading to tamoxifen resistance have been described and intensively studied, a significant number of patients still become resistant to the treatment and eventually relapse. Tamoxifen therapy has been shown to enrich tumors with cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are naturally resistant, and have self-renewal ability and the potential to form secondary tumors. Metabolic rewiring, altered iron metabolism and upregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters have been shown to be important in the maintenance of CSC phenotype. Therefore, we investigated these mechanisms as possible contributors to tamoxifen resistance in vitro in two tamoxifen resistant (Tam5R) cell lines that we established. We show that Tam5R cells have dramatically disassembled and less active mitochondrial supercomplexes (SCs) and higher level of mitochondrial superoxide, together with a fragmented mitochondrial network. Such dysfunction of mitochondria results in the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and metabolic rewiring towards glycolysis. Importantly, cells lacking functional mitochondria are significantly more resistant to tamoxifen, supporting...

This thesis deals with the issue of material flow of selected production area in the researched company. The master's thesis defines the weaknesses of the current state of inventory management and creates a proposal for the most effective management of material stock in the company, using lean production. The basic element of the thesis is the introduction of a pull system into a selected production area.