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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Expressão dos níveis plasmáticos dos miRNA-191 e miRNA-455-3P em pacientes com aneurisma de aorta abdominal e suas relações com a evolução clínica após tratamento endovascular / Expression of plasma levels of miRNA-191 and miRNA-455-3P in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and their relationship with a clinical outcome after endovascular treatment

Emanuel Júnio Ramos Tenório 25 April 2017 (has links)
Introdução: O aneurisma de aorta abdominal (AAA) é uma importante causa de morbimortalidade na população idosa. O tratamento endovascular está associado a menor morbimortalidade que o tratamento convencional, no entanto, necessita de um seguimento rigoroso com exames de imagem contrastados para confirmação da exclusão do saco aneurismático. Considerando que a formação de um aneurisma é um processo multifatorial complexo, envolvendo a remodelação destrutiva do tecido conjuntivo em todo o segmento afetado da parede da aorta e que este processo envolve uma inflamação crônica local, uma diminuição no número de células do músculo liso da túnica média, e fragmentação da matriz extracelular da aorta e ainda que um perfil de expressão aberrante de miRNAs tem sido associada a doenças humanas, incluindo disfunção cardiovascular propôs-se então a realização deste estudo envolvendo todo este processo. O objetivo principal foi quantificar e avaliar a resposta da expressão dos miRNAs à correção endovascular de aneurisma de aorta abdominal com base em dosagens séricas no seguimento de seis meses. População e Método: Foram recrutados 30 pacientes consecutivos com AAA sem outras doenças inflamatórias associadas, do Ambulatório de Cirurgia Vascular e Endovascular do HCFMRPUSP com indicação de tratamento endovascular. Foram escolhidos para estudo e dosagens séricas os miRNA-191 e miRNA-455-3p. A expressão diferencial dos miRNAs foi realizada pelo método de PCR em tempo real, após extração do RNA das amostras de sangue total em dois momentos, pré- operatório e após 6 meses de pós-operatório. Além disso, ferramentas de bioinformática foram utilizadas para determinar vias fisiopatológicas relacionadas ao AAA. Foram Colhidos dados de perfil demográfico, de seguimento clinico e exames de imagem com angiotomografia no pré-operatórios e após 6 meses. Resultados: Foi observado uma hiperexpressão dos miR-191 e miR-455-3p no sangue total dos pacientes com AAA. O tratamento endovascular dos pacientes com AAA resultou em diminuição significativa das expressões dos miRNAs estudados, indicando que a exclusão do saco aneurismático altera as expressões dos mesmos. Adicionalmente, as expressões dos miR-191 e miR-455-3p não apresentaram correlação com o diâmetro do aneurisma e a análise da influência dos diversos tipos de dispositivos utilizados para o tratamento endovascular dos AAA, não mostrou diferenças significativas nas expressões dos miR-191 e miR-455-3p. Conclusões: A hiperexpressão dos miR-191 e miR-455-3p com sua significativa redução apos o tratamento endovascular, pode sugerir a utilização dessas moléculas como potenciais biomarcadores no seguimento desses pacientes. Novos estudos com maior número de casos devem ser realizados com o objetivo de validar os dados obtidos incluindo pacientes com eventuais vazamentos. / Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population. Endovascular treatment is associated with lower morbidity and mortality than conventional treatment, however, it requires a rigorous follow-up with contrast imaging tests to confirm the aneurysmal sac exclusion. Considering that the formation of an aneurysm is a complex multifactorial process, involving the destructive remodeling of the connective tissue throughout the affected segment of the aortic wall and that this process involves a chronic local inflammation, a decrease in the number of smooth muscle cells of the media tunic, and fragmentation of the extracellular matrix of the aorta and although an aberrant expression profile of miRNAs has been associated with human diseases, including cardiovascular dysfunction, it was proposed to carry out this study involving this whole process. The main objective was to quantify and evaluate miRNA expression response to endovascular correction of abdominal aortic aneurysm based on serum dosages at the six-month follow-up. Population and Method: We recruited 30 consecutive patients with AAA without other associated inflammatory diseases from the Ambulatory of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery of the HCFMRPUSP with indication of endovascular treatment. The miRNA-191 and miRNA-455-3p were selected for study and serum dosages. The differential expression of the miRNAs was performed by the real-time PCR method, after extraction of RNA from the whole blood samples at two moments, preoperatively and after 6 months of follow-up. In addition, bioinformatics tools were used to determine pathophysiological pathways related to AAA. Demographic profile, clinical follow-up and imaging examinations with angiotomography performed in the preoperative period and after 6 months were collected. Results: Hyperexpression of miR-191 and miR-455-3p in whole blood of AAA patients was observed. The endovascular treatment of patients with AAA resulted in a significant decrease in the expression of the miRNAS studied, indicating that the exclusion of the aneurysmal sac altered their expression. In addition, the expression of miR-191 and miR-455-3p showed no correlation with the diameter of the aneurysm and analysis of the influence of the various types of devices used for the endovascular treatment of AAA did not show significant differences in the expression of miR-191 And miR-455-3p. Conclusions: The hyperexpression of miR- 191 and miR-455-3p with its significant reduction after endovascular treatment may suggest the use of these molecules as potential biomarkers in the follow-up of these patients. New studies with a greater number of cases should be performed with the objective of validating the data obtained including patients with possible endoleaks.
52

Aspectos epidemiológicos e histopatológicos associados à aterosclerose e aneurismas dissecantes da aorta

Duque, Marcos André Araújo 31 January 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Milena Dias (milena.dias@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-11T18:41:04Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertaçao Marcos Duque.pdf: 1997992 bytes, checksum: 3f20e8bdcba14f1d5bccbdf8f4968565 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-11T18:41:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertaçao Marcos Duque.pdf: 1997992 bytes, checksum: 3f20e8bdcba14f1d5bccbdf8f4968565 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / O aneurisma aórtico é uma das principais causas de mortalidade na população idosa, devido o risco de ruptura. A aterosclerose é um componente ativo no processo de dilatação da aorta e no desenvolvimento quanto nos aneurismas, parece ser promovido pelos mesmos fatores de risco, como o tabagismo, hipertensão e hipercolesterolemia. O objetivo deste estudo foi fazer uma análise comparativa dos principais aspectos epidemiológicos e histopatológicos entre o aneurisma aórtico e a aterosclerose em humanos. Foram estudados 67 casos necropsiados no Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde localizado na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco na cidade do Recife – Brasil durante o período de 2010 a 2013. Os resultados das coletas destes 47 indivíduos (70%) tinham comprometimento aneurismático e 20 aortas necropsiadas com alto grau de aterosclerose aórtica. Também foram estudados lesões de acordo com a porção da aorta identificando-se casos de aneurisma de aorta torácico (n=31) e aneurismas de aorta abdominal (n=16). O sexo predominante dentro das lesões aneurismáticas foram o masculino (55%), contudo, na lesão aterosclerótica a predominância esteve no sexo feminino com 11 casos (55%). As principais co-morbidades associadas foram a hipertensão 32 (76%) e o tabagismo28 (59%), tanto para os casos de aneurismas quanto para os casos com aterosclerose de aorta. Nas análises histopatológicas das três lesões deste estudo, observamos que o processo inflamatório esteve presente nos três casos, sendo de maior relevância nos casos de aterosclerose com 23% (n=14), quando comparados com aneurismas dissecantes da aorta torácico com 19% (n=12) e aneurismas dissecantes da aorta abdominal com 17% dos casos (N=10). O processo hemorrágico foi mais relevante em aneurismas dissecantes da aorta abdominal com 23% dos casos (n=14), em aneurismas dissecantes da aorta torácica foi de 23% (n=13) e nos casos de aterosclerose o percentual foi de 20% (n=12). Quanto a avaliação das fibras elásticas e colágenas, a degradação destas proteínas foi mais relevante nos casos de aneurismas dissecante da aorta abdominal, quando comparados com os casos de aneurismas da região torácica e aortas ateroscleróticas. A partir dos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que existem diferenças morfo-estruturais e epidemiológicas importantes entre os diferentes tipos de lesões da aorta, o que deve favorecer o desenvolvimento de mais estudos considerando-se estas lesões também como entidades distintas embora ocorram no mesmo vaso.
53

Ampicilina com sulbactam intraperitoneal no tratamento da sépse abdominal: estudo em ratos

José Cysneiros da Costa Reis, Tarcisio January 2007 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T16:27:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo5636_1.pdf: 3614656 bytes, checksum: 6c6441c604f47b11b664a7d39cc3a00d (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / A sepse abdominal permanece com elevado índice de morbi-mortalidade apesar dos avanços tecnológicos e terapêuticos. Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da ampicilina com sulbactam intraperitoneal, no tratamento da peritonite bacteriana secundária,, empregou-se um modelo experimental de peritonite bacteriana. Quarenta ratos Wistar, estudados no período de janeiro e fevereiro de 2005, no Núcleo de Cirurgia Experimental da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, foram submetidos à indução de peritonite por ligadura e transfixação do cécum, por 24 horas e, nesse tempo, divididos em quatro grupos de dez animais, assim distribuídos: grupo A1, ampicilina com sulbactam IP, mortos, completadas 24horas após a colocação do antimicrobiano IP; grupo A2, mortos, completados cinco dias da colocação do antimicrobiano IP; grupo B1, mortos, completadas 24horas após a relaparotomia para retirada do fio de ligadura do cécum, e/ sem a colocação do antimicrobiano IP; grupo B2, mortos, completados cinco dias após a relaparotomia para retirada do fio de ligadura do cécum, e/ sem a colocação do antimicrobiano IP. Os animais foram acompanhados por 24 horas (grupos A1 e B1) ou por cinco dias (grupos A2 e B2), avaliando-se, no momento da morte: peso, Interleucina-6, bicarbonato sérico, pH, análise semi-quantitativas de bactérias no fluido peritoneal e hemoculturas. Nos grupos A2 e B2, foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante nas análises semi-quantitativas de bactérias, no fluido peritoneal, com vantagem para o grupo A2 (p<0,05) e vantagem do grupo A2 sobre B2 quanto à mensuração do bicarbonato sérico (menor nível de acidose metabólica) (p<0,05). A mensuração da IL-6 sugere menores valores médios no grupo A2 versus B2; todavia, não atingiu significância ao nível estatístico estabelecido (p=0,07). Não ocorreram diferenças estatisticamente significantes, entre todas as variáveis mensuradas, entre os grupos A1 versus B1. No modelo estudado, concluiu-se que a ampicilina com sulbactam IP pode conferir melhores resultados terapêuticos na peritonite bacteriana secundária. Esses resultados indicam a necessidade de mais e melhores estudos clínicos para a identificação dos possíveis benefícios com a terapêutica IP
54

Asociación entre Obesidad Abdominal e Hiperuricemia en Pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 en Lima, Perú

Castillo Céspedes, Enzo, Peralta Vera, Fabiola Guadalupe 30 September 2020 (has links)
Objetivo: Evaluar si existe asociación entre Obesidad Abdominal e Hiperuricemia en pacientes diagnosticados con DM tipo 2 que fueron atendidos en el programa “Cuídate” en la Clínica Internacional en la ciudad de Lima - Perú en el año 2018. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio observacional analítico de tipo transversal, de una base secundaria, en una muestra de 815 historias clínicas de pacientes diagnosticados con DM tipo 2, que fueron atendidos en el programa “Cuídate” en la Clínica Internacional en la ciudad de Lima - Perú en el año 2018. Variables principales: Obesidad Abdominal, Hiperuricemia.
55

Evaluation of Pancreas and Other Abdominal Organs by Colonoscopic Ultrasound

Mann, N. S., Prasad, V. M., Panelli, F. 03 May 2000 (has links)
We report a case where colonoscopic ultrasound was used to evaluate the pancreas. In this case the usual method of evaluating the body of the pancreas by upper gastrointestinal ultrasound was unsuccessful because of the presence of a large hiatal hernia. The other abdominal organs evaluated by colonoscopic ultrasound included the ileo-cecal valve, kidney, liver spleen and prostate. To our knowledge this is the first case where ultrasonic colonoscope has been used to evaluate the body of the pancreas.
56

2,576 Ultrasounds for Blunt Abdominal Trauma

Dolich, Matthew O., McKenney, Mark G., Varela, J. Esteban, Compton, Raymond P., McKenney, Kimberly L., Cohn, Stephen M. 01 January 2001 (has links)
Background: Determination of intra-abdominal injury following blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) continues to be a diagnostic challenge. Ultrasound (US) bas been described as a potentially useful diagnostic tool in this setting and is being used with increasing frequency in trauma centers. We determined the diagnostic capability of US in the evaluation of BAT. Methods: A retrospective analysis of our trauma US database was performed over a 30-month period. Computed tomographic scan, diagnostic peritoneal lavage, or exploratory laparotomy confirmed the presence of intra-abdominal injury. Results: During the study period, 8,197 patients were evaluated at the Ryder Trauma Center. Of this group, 2,576 (31%) had US in the evaluation of BAT. Three hundred eleven (12%) US exams were considered positive. Forty-three patients (1.7%) had a false-negative US; of this group, 10 (33%) required exploratory laparotomy. US had a sensitivity of 86%, a specificity of 98%, and an accuracy of 97% for detection of intra-abdominal injuries. Positive predictive value was 87% and negative predictive value was 98%. Conclusion: Emergency US is highly reliable and may replace computed tomographic scan and diagnostic peritoneal lavage as the initial diagnostic modality in the evaluation of most patients with BAT.
57

A comparative computed tomography study of canine laparoscopic abdominal anatomy pre- and post-insufflation

Elliott, Ross Christopher 18 May 2012 (has links)
Laparoscopy has been shown in human medicine to have a rapid recovery time and less morbidity when compared to open abdominal surgery. It involves the insufflation of carbon dioxide into the peritoneal cavity. This creates a space for the surgeon to work in and manipulate the organs. In the normal abdominal cavity the peritoneal cavity is a potential space obliterated by the serosal contact between all the organs. The insufflation of carbon dioxide turns this potential space into a working space. This allows the introduction of an endoscope, usually through a single port, and then various instruments usually through another port into the peritoneal cavity. Multiple veterinary studies have shown the advantages of laparoscopy to decrease the morbidity of animals post surgery. The visualisation of the organs tends to be enhanced by the increased lighting and magnification provided by the laparoscopic equipment. There are intricate attachments and associations between various abdominal organs that are responsible for maintaining organ position and orientation in the peritoneal cavity. Computed tomography (CT) has been proven in human medicine to show excellent abdominal anatomical resolution. It is the modality of choice to detect free abdominal gas. Logically, if there is a massive insufflation of gas, it would be expected that this will enhance the ability of CT to provide real anatomical likeness to the laparoscopic image. The animals were all subjected to multiple CT scans and the scans were found to be rapid and noninvasive. There was a concern over the amount of radiation that each animal received and this was pre-empted by using a CARE 4D dose. The CT machine detected the thickness of the part of the animal being scanned and only provided the needed kV and mAs to penetrate and create an image. This was a paediatric human modality. Six beagle dogs were used and all assessed prior to the study to be clinically healthy. An abdominal ultrasound was performed to assess that they had normal abdominal anatomy. All animals had eight scans performed, four pre-insufflation (PrI) and four post-insufflation (PoI). The animals were placed in a ventro-dorsal routine (VDR), a ventro-dorsal Trendelenburg (VDT), a left lateral (LL) and a right lateral (RL) position. The scans were performed using a helical dual slice sliding gantry CT machine, Somatom Emotion (Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany). With the insufflation of carbon dioxide in this study, the attachments and associations change and these were shown to play a role in the movement of the abdominal organs during the manipulations and how the organs come to lie in the abdominal cavity. It was shown that together with the insufflation of carbon dioxide into the abdomen, a very important factor in the movement of the organs was gravity. In certain organs the effect of gravity was found to be the significant factor when the positioning of the animal was changed, more so than the insufflation of the abdomen when PrI and PoI scans were compared. The effects of gravity during the changes in position and the insufflation of the abdomen were compared using a set number of measurements, of organ size and location. The size and location of the organs was compared to set landmarks in the body such as the sternum and certain vertebra, depending on the organ in question. These measurements were compared between the pre- and post-insufflation scans to evaluate the changes that occurred after insufflation with regards to the movement of certain organs and their exposure for a surgical approach. These measurements gave the data an objective value which could then be analysed statistically to determine any significant changes. The p value was set at <0.05 in determining statistical significance using a Kruskal-Wallis one way of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test. This data was analysed and used to determine the best position to place an animal in order to perform laparoscopic surgery of certain organs. This dissertation showed that the VDR and VDT positions proved much better laparoscopic access to the majority of the parenchymatous organs in the peritoneal cavity than the lateral positions. There were certain organs such as the kidney, the ovaries, the uterine horns and the duodenum that were visualised on CT clear of the rest of the parenchymatous organ mass on the non-dependant part in the respective lateral positions. This indicated that these organs will be easily accessible during laparoscopic surgery in the RL and LL. However no matter what position was used, no position was perfect for every organ of interest, and positions need to be combined for certain procedures. The use of positioning will not remove the need for intra-operative retraction and laparoscopic retractors are an essential part of the surgeon’s arsenal when performing laparoscopic procedures. Copyright / Dissertation (MMedVet)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Companion Animal Clinical Studies / unrestricted
58

ABDOMINAL PRESSURE PROFILING IN ADULT HORSES

Scott, Victoria HL 09 August 2013 (has links)
No description available.
59

Estudo da medida antropométrica do diâmetro abdominal sagital de adolescentes obesos em tratamento ambulatorial e sua associação com os critérios da síndrome metabólica / Study on anthropometric measurement of sagittal abdominal diameter in obese adolescents under outpatient treatment and its association with the variables of the metabolic syndrome cluster

Claudia Renata Pinto dos Santos 01 February 2018 (has links)
O Diâmetro Abdominal Sagital (DAS) é uma medida antropométrica relacionada com a gordura visceral e empregada para avaliar a obesidade abdominal, uma variável associada à síndrome metabólica. Sua utilização é indicada na prática clínica para avaliação de risco cardiometabólico em adolescentes obesos. OBJETIVO: Verificar a concordância entre o DAS e a circunferência abdominal (CA) na avaliação da obesidade central e sua associação com os critérios da Síndrome Metabólica e HOMA-IR em adolescentes obesos. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Estudo de corte transversal constituído por 83 adolescentes obesos entre 14 e 18 anos, (46 do sexo feminino e 37 do sexo masculino) matriculados no Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, nos ambulatórios das Unidades de Endocrinologia Pediátrica e de Adolescentes. Foram submetidos a avaliações antropométricas (IMC, Escore Z do IMC, percentual de gordura corporal, circunferência abdominal, diâmetro abdominal sagital), laboratoriais (HDL-c, triglicérides (TG), glicemia (GLIS) e insulina para o cálculo do HOMA-IR) e de pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD), utilizadas para classificação dos critérios da SM. RESULTADOS: Todos os adolescentes apresentaram valores elevados de IMC (36,9±6,7 kg/m2), Z-IMC (+3,27±0,94) e 91,6% da casuística tiveram valores alterados no percentual de gordura corporal (41,4% para o grupo feminino e 36% para o grupo masculino), confirmando a obesidade grave do grupo. Considerando o percentil >=90 do Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), no National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011-2014), 85,5% dos adolescentes apresentaram valores elevados de CA (117,7 ± 14,7) e 89,2% valores alterados no DAS (26,9±3,7). Quanto às variáveis laboratoriais, 32,5% dos pacientes apresentaram diminuição de HDL-c e níveis aumentados de: TG (10,8%); GLIS (3,6%); PAS (32,5%,); PAD (21,7%) e HOMA-IR (79,5%), considerando toda a amostra. De acordo com os critérios utilizados pelo International Diabetes Federation, 27,7% da casuística apresentou SM. O DAS demonstrou estar significantemente correlacionado com as variáveis PAS (r=0,489 p < 0,001), PAD(r=0,277 p 0,011) e HOMA-IR (r=0,462 p < 0,001) nos grupos geral, feminino, masculino, com e sem SM. A correlação encontrada entre as medidas do DAS e CA no grupo geral e feminino foi de r = 0,91 (p 0,000) e, no grupo masculino, de r = 0,93 (p 0,000). A concordância entre a CA e o DAS é significante (Kappa k = 0.511; p < 0,001). Nos grupos geral, feminino e masculino com SM, a concordância é mais expressiva (Kappa k = 1,00; p < 0,001.). Esses resultados mostram que os adolescentes apresentavam risco cardiometabólico aumentado e expressiva obesidade central, identificada pelo DAS e CA, apesar de 73,5% deles estarem medicados. O DAS oferece vantagem metodológica na sua mensuração. CONCLUSÕES: Nas condições deste estudo, conclui-se que: as medidas antropométricas CA e DAS se equivalem para o grupo de adolescentes avaliados na classificação da SM; O DAS é preditor de PAS, PAD e HOMA-IR e forte indicador de risco cardiometabólico em adolescentes obesos / The sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) is an anthropometric measure related to visceral fat and used to evaluate abdominal obesity, a variable associated with the metabolic syndrome. Studies have suggested its employment in the clinical practice for estimating cardiometabolic risk of obese adolescents. OBJECTIVE: To verify the concordance between SAD and abdominal circumference in the assessment of central obesity and its association with the Metabolic Syndrome cluster and with HOMA-IR in obese adolescents. CASUISTICS AND METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 83 obese adolescents between 14 and 18 years (46 females and 37males) with body mass index (BMI) of 36.9 ± 6.7 kg/m2, followed at the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit and at the Adolescent Unit of the Children\'s Institute, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo were submitted to anthropometric (BMI, BMI Z Score, body fat percentage, abdominal circumference, sagittal abdominal diameter), laboratory (HDL-c, triglycerides, glycemia and insulin for calculating HOMA-IR) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure assessments aimed for classification of metabolic syndrome. Previous consentment was given by all patients and their families. RESULTS: All adolescents presented elevated BMI and Z-BMI, and high body fat percentage was displayed by 91.6% of the patients (41.4% for the female group and 36% for the male group), confirming severe obesity. Considering the >= 90 percentile cut-off values as provided by the Anthropometric Reference Data for Children and Adults: United States 2011-2014 for abdominal circumference and SAD, 85.5% of the patients presented high abdominal circumference values (117.7±14.7) and 89.2% presented elevated values of SAD (26.9±3.7). With regard to laboratory variables, 32.5% of the patients displayed decreased HDL-c and increased values of: triglycerides (10.8%); glycemia (3.6%); systolic blood pressure (32.5%); diastolic blood pressure (21.7%) and HOMA-IR (79.5%). According to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 27.7% of patients presented metabolic syndrome. SAD was significantly correlated with systolic (r=0.489 p < 0.001) and diastolic (r=0.277 p 0.011) blood pressures and HOMA-IR (r=0.462 p < 0.001) in the general, female and male groups, with and without metabolic syndrome. The correlation between SAD and abdominal circumference in the general and female groups was r = 0.91(p 0.000) and in the male group was r = 0.93 (p 0.000). The concordance between SAD and abdominal circumference was significant (Kappa coefficient k = 0.511; p < 0.001). In the general, male and female groups with metabolic syndrome, the concordance was more expressive (Kappa coefficient; k = 1.00 and p < 0.001). These results show that the adolescents presented increased cardiometabolic risk and significant central obesity identified by SAD and abdominal circumference although 73.5% of the studied patients were maintained under medication for clinical metabolic syndrome symptoms. SAD displayed methodological advantages concerning its measurement. CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of this study, it is concluded that: the anthropometric measurements of SAD and abdominal circumference are equivalent for metabolic syndrome classification of the studied adolescents; that SAD is a predictor of systolic and diastolic blood pressures and HOMA-IR and is a strong indicator of cardiometabolic risk in obese adolescents
60

Estudo da medida antropométrica do diâmetro abdominal sagital de adolescentes obesos em tratamento ambulatorial e sua associação com os critérios da síndrome metabólica / Study on anthropometric measurement of sagittal abdominal diameter in obese adolescents under outpatient treatment and its association with the variables of the metabolic syndrome cluster

Santos, Claudia Renata Pinto dos 01 February 2018 (has links)
O Diâmetro Abdominal Sagital (DAS) é uma medida antropométrica relacionada com a gordura visceral e empregada para avaliar a obesidade abdominal, uma variável associada à síndrome metabólica. Sua utilização é indicada na prática clínica para avaliação de risco cardiometabólico em adolescentes obesos. OBJETIVO: Verificar a concordância entre o DAS e a circunferência abdominal (CA) na avaliação da obesidade central e sua associação com os critérios da Síndrome Metabólica e HOMA-IR em adolescentes obesos. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Estudo de corte transversal constituído por 83 adolescentes obesos entre 14 e 18 anos, (46 do sexo feminino e 37 do sexo masculino) matriculados no Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, nos ambulatórios das Unidades de Endocrinologia Pediátrica e de Adolescentes. Foram submetidos a avaliações antropométricas (IMC, Escore Z do IMC, percentual de gordura corporal, circunferência abdominal, diâmetro abdominal sagital), laboratoriais (HDL-c, triglicérides (TG), glicemia (GLIS) e insulina para o cálculo do HOMA-IR) e de pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD), utilizadas para classificação dos critérios da SM. RESULTADOS: Todos os adolescentes apresentaram valores elevados de IMC (36,9±6,7 kg/m2), Z-IMC (+3,27±0,94) e 91,6% da casuística tiveram valores alterados no percentual de gordura corporal (41,4% para o grupo feminino e 36% para o grupo masculino), confirmando a obesidade grave do grupo. Considerando o percentil >=90 do Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), no National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011-2014), 85,5% dos adolescentes apresentaram valores elevados de CA (117,7 ± 14,7) e 89,2% valores alterados no DAS (26,9±3,7). Quanto às variáveis laboratoriais, 32,5% dos pacientes apresentaram diminuição de HDL-c e níveis aumentados de: TG (10,8%); GLIS (3,6%); PAS (32,5%,); PAD (21,7%) e HOMA-IR (79,5%), considerando toda a amostra. De acordo com os critérios utilizados pelo International Diabetes Federation, 27,7% da casuística apresentou SM. O DAS demonstrou estar significantemente correlacionado com as variáveis PAS (r=0,489 p < 0,001), PAD(r=0,277 p 0,011) e HOMA-IR (r=0,462 p < 0,001) nos grupos geral, feminino, masculino, com e sem SM. A correlação encontrada entre as medidas do DAS e CA no grupo geral e feminino foi de r = 0,91 (p 0,000) e, no grupo masculino, de r = 0,93 (p 0,000). A concordância entre a CA e o DAS é significante (Kappa k = 0.511; p < 0,001). Nos grupos geral, feminino e masculino com SM, a concordância é mais expressiva (Kappa k = 1,00; p < 0,001.). Esses resultados mostram que os adolescentes apresentavam risco cardiometabólico aumentado e expressiva obesidade central, identificada pelo DAS e CA, apesar de 73,5% deles estarem medicados. O DAS oferece vantagem metodológica na sua mensuração. CONCLUSÕES: Nas condições deste estudo, conclui-se que: as medidas antropométricas CA e DAS se equivalem para o grupo de adolescentes avaliados na classificação da SM; O DAS é preditor de PAS, PAD e HOMA-IR e forte indicador de risco cardiometabólico em adolescentes obesos / The sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) is an anthropometric measure related to visceral fat and used to evaluate abdominal obesity, a variable associated with the metabolic syndrome. Studies have suggested its employment in the clinical practice for estimating cardiometabolic risk of obese adolescents. OBJECTIVE: To verify the concordance between SAD and abdominal circumference in the assessment of central obesity and its association with the Metabolic Syndrome cluster and with HOMA-IR in obese adolescents. CASUISTICS AND METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 83 obese adolescents between 14 and 18 years (46 females and 37males) with body mass index (BMI) of 36.9 ± 6.7 kg/m2, followed at the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit and at the Adolescent Unit of the Children\'s Institute, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo were submitted to anthropometric (BMI, BMI Z Score, body fat percentage, abdominal circumference, sagittal abdominal diameter), laboratory (HDL-c, triglycerides, glycemia and insulin for calculating HOMA-IR) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure assessments aimed for classification of metabolic syndrome. Previous consentment was given by all patients and their families. RESULTS: All adolescents presented elevated BMI and Z-BMI, and high body fat percentage was displayed by 91.6% of the patients (41.4% for the female group and 36% for the male group), confirming severe obesity. Considering the >= 90 percentile cut-off values as provided by the Anthropometric Reference Data for Children and Adults: United States 2011-2014 for abdominal circumference and SAD, 85.5% of the patients presented high abdominal circumference values (117.7±14.7) and 89.2% presented elevated values of SAD (26.9±3.7). With regard to laboratory variables, 32.5% of the patients displayed decreased HDL-c and increased values of: triglycerides (10.8%); glycemia (3.6%); systolic blood pressure (32.5%); diastolic blood pressure (21.7%) and HOMA-IR (79.5%). According to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 27.7% of patients presented metabolic syndrome. SAD was significantly correlated with systolic (r=0.489 p < 0.001) and diastolic (r=0.277 p 0.011) blood pressures and HOMA-IR (r=0.462 p < 0.001) in the general, female and male groups, with and without metabolic syndrome. The correlation between SAD and abdominal circumference in the general and female groups was r = 0.91(p 0.000) and in the male group was r = 0.93 (p 0.000). The concordance between SAD and abdominal circumference was significant (Kappa coefficient k = 0.511; p < 0.001). In the general, male and female groups with metabolic syndrome, the concordance was more expressive (Kappa coefficient; k = 1.00 and p < 0.001). These results show that the adolescents presented increased cardiometabolic risk and significant central obesity identified by SAD and abdominal circumference although 73.5% of the studied patients were maintained under medication for clinical metabolic syndrome symptoms. SAD displayed methodological advantages concerning its measurement. CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of this study, it is concluded that: the anthropometric measurements of SAD and abdominal circumference are equivalent for metabolic syndrome classification of the studied adolescents; that SAD is a predictor of systolic and diastolic blood pressures and HOMA-IR and is a strong indicator of cardiometabolic risk in obese adolescents

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