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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
111

Capacity, entry deterrence, and horizontal merger

Baik, Kyung Hwan January 1989 (has links)
This dissertation examines the free-rider problem of entry deterrence, the profitability of a horizontal merger, and the effects of a horizontal merger on the outsiders’ profits and industry prices, in the markets where firms' capacity costs are sunk. We investigate the free-rider problem of entry deterrence in the subgame perfect Nash equilibria of a three-stage game in which in the first stage multiple incumbent firms choose their capacities simultaneously and independently, in the second stage a potential entrant, after observing the incumbent firms’ capacity vector, chooses its capacity, and in the third stage the firms engage in capacity-constrained Cournot competition. We show that the free-rider problem may occur: there are situations where both entry prevention and allowing entry are equilibria but entry prevention is Pareto superior for the incumbent firms. We also show that increasing the number of incumbent firms may cause the equilibrium price to increase and thus consumer welfare to decrease. The free-rider problem is still manifested in a modified model in which multiple potential entrants choose their capacities sequentially after the first stage incumbents’ capacity decisions. Several recent papers which theoretically analyze the profitability of a horizontal merger and its effects on the outsiders’ profits and industry prices, all observe that a merger never decreases industry prices, a merger to a monopoly is always profitable, and a merger never hurts the outsiders. However, we demonstrate, in a market for a homogeneous product where firms with sunk capacities compete in quantities and there are potential entrants, that a merger can decrease industry price and a merger of incumbent firms to a monopoly may not be profitable. We also show, in a market for a homogeneous product where firms with sunk capacities engage in capacity-constrained price competition, that a merger can hurt the outsiders. / Ph. D.
112

Does absorptive capacity affect project performance? A study based on project management practices, organization learning, and knowledge

Lima, Ronaldo Gomes Dultra de 11 March 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Ronaldo Gomes Dultra de Lima (ronaldo.lima@gvmail.br) on 2015-04-14T14:52:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Ronaldo_Dultra-de-Lima_(Versao_Final).pdf: 3656263 bytes, checksum: 7c89f0263113ebef5aa6650ec3026603 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2015-04-14T16:07:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Ronaldo_Dultra-de-Lima_(Versao_Final).pdf: 3656263 bytes, checksum: 7c89f0263113ebef5aa6650ec3026603 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T18:06:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Ronaldo_Dultra-de-Lima_(Versao_Final).pdf: 3656263 bytes, checksum: 7c89f0263113ebef5aa6650ec3026603 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-11 / The literature has emphasized that absorptive capacity (AC) leads to performance, but in projects its influences still unclear. Additionally, the project success is not well understood by the literature, and AC can be an important mechanism to explain it. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of absorptive capacity on project performance in the construction industry of São Paulo State. We study this influence through potential and realized absorptive capacity proposed by Zahra and George (2002). For achieving this goal, we use a combination of qualitative and quantitative research. The qualitative research is based on 15 interviews with project managers in different sectors to understand the main constructs and support the next quantitative phase. The content analysis was the technique used to analyze those interviews. In quantitative phase through a survey questionnaire, we collected 157 responses in the construction sector with project managers. The confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical linear regression were the techniques used to assess the data. Our findings suggest that the realized absorptive capacity has a positive influence on performance, but potential absorptive capacity and the interactions effect have no influence on performance. Moreover, the planning and monitoring have a positive impact on budget and schedule, and customer satisfaction while risk coping capacity has a positive impact on business success. In academics terms, this research enables a better understanding of the importance of absorptive capacity in the construction industry and it confirms that knowledge application in processes and routines enhances performance. For management, the absorptive capacity enables the improvements of internal capabilities reflected in the increased project management efficiency. Indeed, when a company manages project practices efficiently it enhances business and project performance; however, it needs initially to improve its internal abilities to enrich processes and routines through relevant knowledge. / A literatura tem enfatizado que a capacidade de absorção (AC) leva ao desempenho, porém, na área de projetos sua influência ainda não está claramente estabelecida. Além disso, o sucesso de projeto também não é bem entendido pela literatura, e AC pode ser um dos mecanismos para explicá-lo. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo é investigar o efeito da capacidade de absorção no desempenho do projeto na indústria de construção civil do Estado de São Paulo. Estudamos essa influência por meio das capacidades de absorção potencial e realizada propostas por Zahra and George (2002). Para atingir esse objetivo, usamos uma combinação de pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa. A pesquisa qualitativa está baseada em 15 entrevistas com gerentes de projeto em diferentes setores visando entender os principais construtos e apoiar a fase quantitativa. A análise de conteúdo foi a técnica utilizada para analisar essas entrevistas. Já na fase quantitativa, realizada através de questionário eletrônico, foram coletadas 157 respostas junto aos gerentes de projeto no setor de construção civil. As técnicas utilizadas para analisar os dados foram a análise fatorial confirmatória e regressão linear hierárquica. Nossos resultados sugerem que a capacidade de absorção realizada tem relacionamento positivo com desempenho, porém, a capacidade de absorção potencial e o efeito de suas interações não têm qualquer influência sobre o mesmo. Além disso, o planejamento e monitoramento têm impacto positivo no orçamento e cronograma, e satisfação do cliente, enquanto que a capacidade de ação sobre riscos tem influência positiva sobre o sucesso do negócio. Em termos acadêmicos, esta pesquisa permite melhorar a compreensão da importância da capacidade de absorção na indústria da construção civil e confirma que a aplicação de conhecimentos em rotinas e processos melhoram o desempenho. Para a gestão, a capacidade de absorção possibilita que melhorias das capacidades internas reflitam no aumento da eficiência de gerenciamento de projetos. Realmente, quando a empresa gerencia suas práticas de projeto eficientemente melhora o desempenho do negócio e dos projetos. No entanto, ela precisa inicialmente melhorar suas capacidades internas visando purificar as rotinas e processos através de conhecimentos que são relevantes.
113

The role of psychological distance in knowledge acquisition and absorptive capacity : A quantitative study investigating Nordic firms targeting the elderly population

Ljungberg, Patrik, Paakkunainen, Tomi January 2016 (has links)
An aging population is becoming an increasingly growing global phenomenon, and 2050 is said to be a historical breaking point where 65+ will outnumber those between 0-5 years old. However, previous research has failed to provide sufficient explanations for consumer behavior for this particular segment, and a large incidence have been found to share the belief that technology fails to be adapted to meet their needs properly. An overlooked aspect of knowledge management was found and a research gap was thus identified addressing the role of cognition when assessing and interpreting customer needs. The purpose has been to develop a deeper understanding of certain aspects of how companies within this industry acquire and assimilate knowledge, and how product developers perceive the role of cognition in these processes. In order to shed light on these dimensions of knowledge management, a research question has been formulated as follows: "How does psychological distance affect knowledge acquisition, absorptive capacity and relationship quality?" A quantitative study was carried out involving 45 companies operating in a variety of industries ranging from robotics, hygiene and special nutrition, to eldercare and mobility products. Altogether, 51 responses were collected and analyzed using simple- and multiple regression, and were subsequently discussed based on a developed theoretical framework. The results found in this study have been used to identify combinations of cognitive dimensions and relationship quality for the purpose of developing a better understanding of its respective impact on knowledge acquisition and absorptive capacity. The findings culminated in a model through which to explain for these combinations of psychological distance, level of construal and relationship quality and their effect on the ability to acquire and disseminate new knowledge from elderly.High-level information was found easier to acquire among the respondent companies, and low-level contrarily easier to absorb. Greater psychological distance in combination with low relationship quality had a positive impact of high-level construal individuals to acquire knowledge from external sources. In contrast to these findings, perceived proximity in the psychological distances and high relationship quality were jointly found to assist in knowledge dissemination processes for low-level construal individuals.
114

ERP 系統應用效益研究-ERP 系統知識吸收能耐之管理 / Reap from ERP Systems -The Management of Absorptive Capacity in Post-ERP Implementation

許執賢, Hsu,Chih Hsien Unknown Date (has links)
This study uses the concept of absorptive capacity to provide a framework for exploring benefit realization in the post-implementation phase of ERP systems. Success factors of ERP adoption such as: training, communication, process change, and integration extension are organized into two types of knowledge absorptive capacity: potential capacity and realization capacity. This study proposes that absorptive capacity is one of the key determinants of benefits realization from ERP implementation. Although the frequently mentioned factors training and communication are important activities for organizations to assimilate the knowledge of the system processes, these represent potential capacity that requires realization through refinement and execution of what has been absorbed. ERP adopting organizations wishing to continuously generate benefits need to both build potential absorptive capacity by investing in training and education and leverage realized capacity through extension of integration of the system processes. Through in-depth case study of four firms in Taiwan, this study verified the propositions about absorptive capacity in post- implementation of ERP systems. The results further revealed some findings: 1) More iterations of the cycle of absorptive capacity leads to greater benefits of ERP systems. 2) Knowledge retention is important for accumulating potential resources. 3) Provide some guidance of educational program planning. 4) Environment provided by companies can encourage assimilation of knowledge and full use of the ERP system. 5) Business training is necessary for IT professionals. These findings are helpful for managers to well assimilate and exploit knowledge. And furthermore, this study suggests that companies need to acquire, assimilate, transform and exploit knowledge in a dynamic cyclical path to adapt to the changing business environment and sustain competitive advantage over the long term.
115

On the effectiveness of EU structural funds during the Great Recession: Estimates from a heterogeneous local average treatment effects framework

Bachtrögler, Julia 08 1900 (has links) (PDF)
This study investigates the heterogeneity of European NUTS-2 regions with regard to their ability to take advantage of European Union (EU) structural funds aimed at convergence. It considers a concept of absorptive capacity based on regional policy design, and additionally accounts for the programming period 2007-2013 in the empirical analysis. A fuzzy regression discontinuity design allowing for heterogeneous treatment effects is applied to evaluate convergence funds in 250 NUTS-2 regions from 2000 (and 1989) to 2013. The main results suggest a positive conditional impact of funds payments on regional GDP per capita growth. However, based on a time-varying treatment effects model, we are able to identify a deterioration in the effectiveness of convergence funds during the programming period 2007-2013. Furthermore, the analysis reveals an inverted U-shaped relationship between the share of committed funds paid out and GDP per capita growth. The latter finding indicates that the marginal benefits from EU convergence funds might be decreasing. (author's abstract) / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
116

O papel das capacidades internas e o ambiente da firma no fomento de inovações verdes: evidências empíricas do setor elétrico brasileiro / The role of internal capabilities and firm\'s environment in fostering green innovations: empirical evidence from the Brazilian electricity power sector

Pacheco, Larissa Marchiori 29 September 2016 (has links)
As empresas podem responder por mudanças significativas em prol da sustentabilidade por meio de inovações, através do desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias, serviços ou produtos que se destinam a reduzir os problemas ambientais e climáticos - nomeadamente inovações verdes. Estas são conduzidas por recursos internos, bem como forças institucionais e algumas capacidades organizacionais, tais como a capacidade de absorção, podem ser relevantes em melhorar o desempenho em inovações verdes. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar empiricamente a relação entre as forças institucionais e capacidades internas na condução de inovações verdes no setor de energia elétrica brasileiro. A técnica de equações estruturais (PLS) foi aplicada aos dados coletados por meio de uma survey realizada entre dezembro de 2015 e maio de 2016. A validade do modelo estrutural foi assegurada através de vários testes e os resultados permitiram concluir que os condutores internos são positivamente relacionados com as forças institucionais e a capacidade de absorção. Ainda, estes mediam a relação entre estes construtos. Além disso, os condutores internos estão positivamente relacionados com o desempenho da inovação verde em produtos e processos. Portanto, o estudo tem várias implicações teóricas para área de gestão, especialmente em capacidades dinâmicas, VBR e teoria da inovação verde. Além disso, as implicações políticas do estudo estão relacionadas com a composição de políticas de um país, a fim de desenvolver regulamentações ambientais que favoreçam a inovação. / Green innovations can be an answer that companies develop as ways to mitigate climate change. These are driven by internal resources as well as institutional forces, and some organizational capabilities such as absorptive capacity can be relevant in spurring green innovations performance. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing empirically the relationship among institutional forces and internal capabilities in driving green innovations in the Brazilian electricity power sector. Partial Least Square Structural Modelling Equation was applied to the data collected through the survey conducted between December 2015 and May 2016. The structural model validity was validated through several tests and the results have indicated that Internal Drivers are positively related to the Institutional Forces and Absorptive Capacity, and mediate the relationship among those constructs. Also, the Internal Drivers are positively related with Green Innovation Performance in products and processes. Therefore, the study has several theoretical implications for management area, especially on dynamic capabilities, RBV and green innovation theory. Also, policy implications of the study are related to the composition of a country\'s policy mix in order to develop environmental regulations which favour innovation.
117

Capacidade de absorção em startups sob a perspectiva do gerenciamento de processos de negócio / Absorptive capacity in startups from the perspective of Business Process Management

Cajuela, Alexandre Rodrigues 27 August 2018 (has links)
Capacidade de absorção é um tipo de capacidade dinâmica da firma, presente na literatura de gestão estratégica e que demonstra a aprendizagem organizacional, a partilha de conhecimentos, a inovação e o desempenho da empresa. Estudos anteriores indicam que é importante se concentrar nas rotinas e processos que as organizações usam para adquirir, assimilar, transformar e explorar o conhecimento, dentro do conceito de capacidade de absorção. Entretanto, é ainda um tema recente e pouco estudado na academia e, por isso, alguns autores chamam a atenção para a falta de estudos dos processos relacionados a efetiva implementação e realização da capacidade de absorção nas empresas. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é fornecer uma compreensão de como a capacidade de absorção ocorre nas startups, que mantém relacionamentos interorganizacionais com grandes empresas, para obtenção de vantagem competitiva, sob a perspectiva do gerenciamento de processos de negócio. Para atender aos objetivos propostos, foi utilizado o estudo de caso como método de pesquisa, permitindo identificar os gatilhos que iniciam e terminam os processos de absorção de conhecimento nas startups, bem como as atividades estruturadas e sistematizadas que operacionalizam o conceito. Foi construído um diagrama de atividades que representa o modelo de processos para o desenvolvimento da capacidade de absorção, indicando que os processos de negócio estão relacionados aos fluxos de informações que são processados pelas startups nos programas de aceleração corporativa. As vantagens competitivas decorrentes da capacidade de absorção concretizam-se nas startups por meio da flexibilidade estratégica, inovação do tipo organizacional e no desempenho organizacional, avaliado na perspectiva de seus processos internos. O estudo contribui para o avanço no estado da arte ao descrever os processos de negócio relacionados à operacionalização do conceito de capacidade de absorção em startups, por meio dos relacionamentos interorganizacionais com as grandes empresas. / Absorptive capacity is a type of dynamic capabilities of the firm, present in the strategic management literature, that demonstrates the organizational learning, the knowledge sharing, the innovation and the performance of the company. Previous studies indicate that it is important to focus on the routines and processes that organizations use to acquire, assimilate, transform and exploit knowledge within the concept of absorptive capacity. However, it is still a recent and little-studied topic at the academy and therefore some authors draw attention to the lack of studies of the processes related to the effective implementation and realization of the absorptive capacity in the companies. In this context, the aim of this work is to provide an understanding of how absorptive capacity occurs in startups, which maintains interorganizational relationships with large companies, to gain competitive advantage, from the perspective of Business Process Management. To meet the proposed objectives, the research method was the case study, that is allowing the identification of triggers that initiate and end the processes of absorptive of knowledge in the startups, as well as structured and systematized activities that operationalize the concept. An activity diagram was made that represents the process model for the development of absorptive capacity, indicating that the business processes are related to the information flows that are processed by the startups in the corporate accelerator programs. The competitive advantages arising from the absorptive capacity are achieved in the startups through strategic flexibility, organizational-type innovation and organizational performance, evaluated from the perspective of their internal processes. The study contributes to the advancement in the state of the art by describing the business processes related to the operationalization of the concept of absorptive capacity in startups, through the interorganizational relationships with the large companies.
118

Uma análise sobre a capacidade absortiva em unidades de produção de soja no Estado de Ma-to Grosso (Brasil)

Sznitowski, Adelice Minetto 12 June 2017 (has links)
Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-10-04T14:28:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Adelice Minetto Sznitowski_.pdf: 1981660 bytes, checksum: fa747ce2916de05cdf8b1d6687cb9a87 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-04T14:28:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adelice Minetto Sznitowski_.pdf: 1981660 bytes, checksum: fa747ce2916de05cdf8b1d6687cb9a87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-12 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O agronegócio no Brasil é um setor representativo e seu destaque deriva das inovações que são geradas ao longo de toda a sua cadeia produtiva e da capacidade dos produtores rurais incorporarem o conhecimento externo. Assim, esse estudo indagou se o construto de Capacidade Absortiva (CA) explica a dinâmica dos processos de inovação na produção de soja no Brasil. A lente teórica utilizada à compreensão desse contexto veio do construto de CA e diz respeito à identificação, assimilação e exploração do conhecimento presente no ambiente externo porque, como tal, interfere de forma direta na competência de uma organização no que tange à geração de valor, uma vez que recombina recursos a fim de incorporar os conhecimentos necessários. A CA contribui para o desempenho organizacional e à sua capacidade de inovação, a qual foi determinante no contexto agrícola para aumentar a sua eficiência e colocar o Brasil em uma posição de destaque, em termos de produtividade, principalmente na produção de soja. Como os processos de inovação não acontecem de forma isolada, os objetivos aqui propostos tiveram a função de contribuir na caracterização do ambiente relacional dos sojicultores a partir do desenho da referida cadeia produtiva e, nela, a identificação dos agentes considerados fontes de conhecimentos/tecnologias necessários ao processo produtivo do grão. A produção de soja requer o uso de modernas tecnologias, o que implica constante atualização por parte dos produtores, daí a importância de examinar a dinâmica que envolve a CA nesses locais. Ainda foram acompanhados eventos como palestras e dias de trabalho em campo, realizados no período que corresponde ao plantio a colheita da soja para complementar o entendimento sobre as fontes de conhecimentos/tecnologias e sua a difusão nesse ambiente. Posteriormente, foi realizado estudo multi casos junto a três unidades produtoras de soja no Estado de Mato Grosso que praticam diferentes sistemas de cultivos, sendo entrevistados seus proprietários via roteiro semiestruturado para a coleta de dados qualitativos sobre o processo da CA. Nesse sentido, as evidências sugerem que as Unidades de Produção desenvolvem a CA, possibilitando se manterem na atividade há longa data, bem como introduzirem inovações baseadas em modernas tecnologias (unidade de produção A) e adoção de sistemas de produção mais complexos que permitiram maior produtividade e lucratividade (unidades de produção B e C). / In Brazil, the agribusiness is a major industry, and such position results from the innovations generated throughout its productive chain and from the capacity of the rural producers to in-corporate external knowledge. Thus, this study asks if the construct of Absorptive Capacity (AC) explains the dynamics behind the innovation process for the production of soy in Brazil. The theoretical point of view used for the understanding of this context came from the con-struct of AC and has to do with the identification, assimilation and exploitation of the knowledge present in the external environment because, as such, it interferes directly in the competence of an organization in terms of generation of value, once it recombines resources to incorporate the necessary knowledge. The AC contributes for the organizational performance and to the capacity of innovation, which was crucial in the agricultural context for the increase of its efficiency and to place Brazil in a highlighted position in terms of productivity, mainly in the soy production context. Since innovation processes do not happen isolatedly, the objec-tives suggested here aimed to contribute to the characterization of the relational environment of soybean farmers based on the design of the referred productive chain and, in it the identifi-cation of the agents considered sources of knowledge/technologies necessary to the produc-tive process of the grain. Modern technologies are needed for the production of soybean, which demands a constant update from the producers. That is why it is important to examine the dynamics involved in AC in these places. Events such as lectures and field work during soybean planting and harvesting were also attended to complement the understanding of the sources of knowledge/technologies and their dissemination in this environment. Later, a mul-tiple case study was made in the three soybean production units in Mato Grosso state. These units have different cultivation systems. Their owners were interviewed with a semi-structured script for the collection of qualitative data about the AC process. In this way, evi-dences suggest that the Production Units develop the AC, enabling them to keep working since long ago, and also to introduce innovation based on modern technologies (production unit A) and the adoption of more elaborated production systems which would allow greater productivity and profitability (production units B and C).
119

Efeitos de comunidades de prática na capacidade absortiva em empresas intensivas em conhecimento

Lima, José Jerônimo de Menezes 22 July 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-07-06T13:02:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 José Jerônimo de Menezes Lima.pdf: 1888440 bytes, checksum: aa54ca9f171e17e14a874a7eabfe31b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-06T13:02:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 José Jerônimo de Menezes Lima.pdf: 1888440 bytes, checksum: aa54ca9f171e17e14a874a7eabfe31b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-22 / Nenhuma / O objeto de estudo desta tese é a análise dos efeitos de Comunidades de Prática (CoPs) na Capacidade Absortiva (CA) em Empresas Intensivas em Conhecimento (EICs). Esta pesquisa se situa no campo de estudos de comportamento organizacional e trata dos temas da Gestão do Conhecimento (GC) e Aprendizagem Organizacional (AO). Nessa direção, a principal contribuição desta tese é de natureza teórica e visa analisar os fatores de funcionamento dos processos de CoPs que podem contribuir para a CA em EICs avaliando a real contribuição desses fatores, visando orientar a criação e operacionalização de CoPs eficazes nessas empresas. A tese tem por pressuposto que EICs têm processos essencialmente baseados na GC; AO é fundamental para a eficácia da GC em EICs, uma vez que viabiliza o compartilhamento e a assimilação do conhecimento para a inovação e a solução de problemas; CoPs, no contexto de EICs, ao agregarem conhecimentos, pessoas, processos e tecnologias, facilitam a AO; e, ao facilitar a AO, CoPs contribuem para a CA em EICs. A partir dessas premissas, esta tese responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: Quais são os efeitos de comunidades de prática na capacidade absortiva em empresas intensivas em conhecimento? Nessa direção, foram estabelecidas as seguintes hipóteses: CoPs são mecanismos que facilitam a dimensão Aquisição do processo da Capacidade Absortiva Potencial (CAp) em EICs (H1), CoPs são mecanismos que facilitam a dimensão Assimilação do processo da CAp em EICs (H2); CoPs são mecanismos que facilitam a dimensão Transformação do processo de Capacidade Absortiva Realizada (CAr) em EICs (H3), CoPs são mecanismos que facilitam a dimensão Aplicação do processo de CAr em EICs (H4) e CoPs são mecanismos que facilitam a CAr por decorrência da CAp em EICs (H5). Este estudo utilizou métodos de pesquisa online e partiu de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória baseada em netnografia, em seguida realizou pesquisa quantitativa baseada em survey e, finalmente, foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa confirmatória com gestores de CoPs e de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) das EICs estudadas. Foram pesquisadas 10 EICs, abrangendo 90 CoPs e 9.998 participantes. A pesquisa coletou 1.104 respostas. Um modelo teórico foi desenvolvido e testado por Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (MEE) para validar as hipóteses formuladas. Especificamente analisando os efeitos de CoPs na CA em EICs, a pesquisa confirma que CoPs são mecanismos eficazes de CAp, maximizando as atividades de aquisição e assimilação de conhecimentos externos e assim contribuindo diretamente para a CAp (H1 e H2). Por outro lado, não confirma que CoPs são mecanismos eficazes de CAr, e que as atividades de transformação e aplicação de conhecimentos externos pouco ou nem sempre contribuem diretamente para a inovação (H3 e H4). Ainda, a pesquisa confirma a ideia de que CoPs são mecanismos que, ao contribuírem de modo eficaz diretamente para a CAp, colaboram indiretamente para a eficácia da CAr (H5). Espera-se que esta tese tenha trazido mais luz à discussão sobre a possibilidade de que CoPs sejam considerados espaços privilegiados de aprendizagem organizacional e de articulação de saberes para melhorar CA e gerar inovação em EICs. / The object of study of this dissertation is the analysis of the effects of Communities of Practice (CoPs) on the Absorptive Capacity (AC) in Intensive Knowledge Companies (IKCs). This research lies within the field of organizational behavior studies related to Knowledge Management (KM) and Organizational Learning (OL). In this direction, the main contribution of this thesis is theoretical in nature and aims at analyzing the dynamic factors of CoPs processes that can be contributory to AC in IKCs evaluating the real contribution of these factors aiming at guiding creation and implementation of more effective CoPs in this type of company. This thesis, on principle, begins according to the following assumptions: that IKCs have essentially processes based on KM; OL is key to the effectiveness of KM in IKCs, as it enables the sharing and assimilation of knowledge for innovation and problem solving in groups; as CoPs, in the context of IKCs, aggregate knowledge, people, processes and technologies, they provide grounds to OL; and as doing so, they contribute to AC in IKCs. From these premises, this thesis searched to answer the following research question: what are the effects of CoPs in the AC in IKCs? In this direction, the following hypotheses were established: CoPs are mechanisms that facilitate the acquisition process of Potential Absorptive Capacity Process (PAC) in IKCs (H1); CoPs are mechanisms that enable the assimilation process of the PAC in IKCs (H2); CoPs are mechanisms that facilitate the transformation process of Accomplished Absorptive Capacity (AAC) in IKCs (H3); CoPs are mechanisms that facilitate the application process of the AAC in IKCs (H4); and CoPs are mechanisms that pave the way to the AAC by a result of PAC in IKCs (H5). This study used methods of online survey and came from an exploratory qualitative research based on netnography, then it conducted a quantitative survey-based research, and finally a qualitative research to confirm or disprove it with moderators and administrators of CoPs and managers of R&D of the IKCs. Ten IKCs were surveyed, covering 90 CoPs, 9,998 participants. The survey had an amount of 1,104 responses. A theoretical model was developed and tested by structural equation modeling to validate the hypotheses formulated research. Analyzing specifically the effects of CoPs in AC on IKCs, it can point out that the research confirms the idea that CoPs are effective mechanisms for PAC, maximizing the acquisition and assimilation activities of external knowledge and thus contributing directly to PAC (H1 and H2). On the other hand, this research does not confirm the idea that CoPs are effective mechanisms of AAC, and that the transformation and application activities of external knowledge little or hardly ever directly contribute to innovation (H3 and H4). Still, research confirms the idea that CoPs are mechanisms which, at the same time, contribute effectively straightforward to PAC, and collaborate indirectly to the effectiveness of the AAC (H5).
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O papel das capacidades internas e o ambiente da firma no fomento de inovações verdes: evidências empíricas do setor elétrico brasileiro / The role of internal capabilities and firm\'s environment in fostering green innovations: empirical evidence from the Brazilian electricity power sector

Larissa Marchiori Pacheco 29 September 2016 (has links)
As empresas podem responder por mudanças significativas em prol da sustentabilidade por meio de inovações, através do desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias, serviços ou produtos que se destinam a reduzir os problemas ambientais e climáticos - nomeadamente inovações verdes. Estas são conduzidas por recursos internos, bem como forças institucionais e algumas capacidades organizacionais, tais como a capacidade de absorção, podem ser relevantes em melhorar o desempenho em inovações verdes. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar empiricamente a relação entre as forças institucionais e capacidades internas na condução de inovações verdes no setor de energia elétrica brasileiro. A técnica de equações estruturais (PLS) foi aplicada aos dados coletados por meio de uma survey realizada entre dezembro de 2015 e maio de 2016. A validade do modelo estrutural foi assegurada através de vários testes e os resultados permitiram concluir que os condutores internos são positivamente relacionados com as forças institucionais e a capacidade de absorção. Ainda, estes mediam a relação entre estes construtos. Além disso, os condutores internos estão positivamente relacionados com o desempenho da inovação verde em produtos e processos. Portanto, o estudo tem várias implicações teóricas para área de gestão, especialmente em capacidades dinâmicas, VBR e teoria da inovação verde. Além disso, as implicações políticas do estudo estão relacionadas com a composição de políticas de um país, a fim de desenvolver regulamentações ambientais que favoreçam a inovação. / Green innovations can be an answer that companies develop as ways to mitigate climate change. These are driven by internal resources as well as institutional forces, and some organizational capabilities such as absorptive capacity can be relevant in spurring green innovations performance. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing empirically the relationship among institutional forces and internal capabilities in driving green innovations in the Brazilian electricity power sector. Partial Least Square Structural Modelling Equation was applied to the data collected through the survey conducted between December 2015 and May 2016. The structural model validity was validated through several tests and the results have indicated that Internal Drivers are positively related to the Institutional Forces and Absorptive Capacity, and mediate the relationship among those constructs. Also, the Internal Drivers are positively related with Green Innovation Performance in products and processes. Therefore, the study has several theoretical implications for management area, especially on dynamic capabilities, RBV and green innovation theory. Also, policy implications of the study are related to the composition of a country\'s policy mix in order to develop environmental regulations which favour innovation.

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