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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Testing the afforestation reservation price of small forest landowners in New Zealand

Rodenberg Ballweg, Julie January 2013 (has links)
The estimation of afforestation reservation prices for small landowners in New Zealand has not been the subject of much research despite its importance in predicting future land use. Reservation prices for planting represent the minimum payment a landowner must receive before converting land from agriculture to forest. A survey of 728 landowners from every region of New Zealand who own between 20 and 200 hectares of forest as well as other unplanted land used for agriculture were surveyed about forestland, forest land owner demographics, ownership objectives, silviculture and reservation prices. In this study, reservation price strategies were investigated by offering hypothetical annual and one-time payments for converting land from agriculture to forestry. From this survey, the average one-time payment a landowner would be willing to accept to convert a hectare of land from agriculture to forestry was $3,554 and the average annual payment to convert a hectare of land was $360. The key factors influencing the reservation price were; whether or not the landowner lived on the property, if one of the ownership objectives was income from carbon, the primary agricultural enterprise and total household income. An implied discount rate was calculated for each landowner and excluding those who would not accept any payment the average after-tax discount rate was 9.7%. Small landowners indicated that their primary reason for owning plantation forest was income from timber with very few landowners using their forest land for recreation. The median farm size was 400 hectares and the median forest plantation was 37 hectares. Planting of radiata pine peaked in 1994 and 1995 with more radiata pine planted in 1994 than in all the years from 2000-2009. Most landowners are performing some type of silviculture in their forests. Ninety percent of landowners are pruning in the current rotation while only 61% plan to prune in the future. Only 26% of landowners have engaged in any commercial harvesting in the past ten years but as their current rotation matures 71% plan to replant on the same site. A majority of respondents thought the situation for forest landowners was getting better. Understanding the reservation price strategies of landowners is important for predicting future land use patterns and recognizing how close landowners are to converting land. The ownership objectives of landowners and the replanting decisions they make are critical for future timber supply. The results of this study can assist in the development of forest establishment incentive programmes. Better information about landowner characteristics will result in enhanced decision-making for the timber industry and the government in New Zealand.
32

Hodnocení vlivu větrných elektráren na krajinný ráz / Evaluation of the Impact of Wind Turbines on a Landscape

Urbášková, Martina January 2011 (has links)
The goal of the work is to provide monetary valuation of changes in visual aspects of the landscape as a result of construction of an additional wind turbine in the village Maletín. For a suitable method for achieving the goal is being selected the contingent valuation method. A key element of this method is being considered the carefully compiled questionnaire, on which basis is made the quantification and evaluation of collected data. The representative sample consists of 112 households and the selected payment method is the increase of the monthly bill for electricity. The questionnaire reports that 54.3% of households consider the impact of wind turbines on the landscape Maletín to be positive. With the construction of additional wind turbine agree less than 74.3% of households and the most common reason is to obtain grants for the village and to produce cleaner energy from wind turbines. With the construction of new wind turbine while increasing monthly bill agrees 28.6% of all households living in the village Maletín. Estimation of changes in a welfare, thus improving the quality of the environment, is based on estimated central values, that has been calculated from selected characteristics and nonparametric estimation. The average household's willingness to pay for construction of wind turbine is estimated to be between 77 CZK - 200 CZK per month.
33

Avtalad oenighet : Att komma tillrätta med kolliderande standardavtal / Agreed-on Dissent : Untangling Conflicting Standard Terms

Molinder, Erik January 2018 (has links)
No description available.
34

Evaluation économique des changements des paysages littoraux : le cas du développement des parcs éoliennes dans la Mer Méditerranée / A welfare economic valuation of tourist preferences for the siting ofoffshore wind farms : the case of the French Mediterranean

Westerberg, Vanja 15 December 2012 (has links)
Le gouvernement français s'est engagé sur un ambitieux objectif de développer l'éolien offshore pour atteindre une capacité de 6 GW d'ici 2020. La construction d'éoliennes terrestres, tout comme les éoliennes offshore, est très contestée en raison de leur impact visuel sur le paysage. Dans la région française du Languedoc Roussillon, les acteurs concernés (industrie touristique, commerces, pêcheurs, élus locaux), craignent que la construction de parc éoliens offshore aie des effets néfastes sur le tourisme, en donnant à la région une image industrialisée et « bétonnée ». Jusqu'à présent, en mer du Nord, il n'a jamais été mis en évidence que la construction de parcs éoliens offshore ait réellement affecté l'attractivité touristique des côtes environnantes. On peut se demander si ce constat peut être extrapolé à la cote méditerranéenne. Depuis une dizaine d'années, lorsqu'ont débuté les débats sur la possibilité d'exploiter les vents méditerranéens, beaucoup de préjugés sont apparus sur l'impact potentiel négatif que cela pourrait avoir sur le tourisme. La réticence a d'autant plus augmenté lorsque le Languedoc Roussillon a été inclus dans le zonage de l'appel d'offre concernant la construction de 2 GW de parcs éoliens.Il était donc pertinent de mener une enquête auprès des touristes du littoral pour évaluer comment l'installation de parcs éoliens, installés à des distances réalistes des côtés, pourrait affecter le tourisme balnéaire. Par ailleurs, il était également intéressant de proposer des stratégies que les stations balnéaires pourraient adopter pour augmenter le nombre de touristes et leurs profits, avec ou sans parc éolien. Pour répondre à ces questions, une enquête d'évaluation mobilisant la méthode des « choice experiment », a été réalisée durant l'été 2010, auprès de plus de 350 touristes, sur les plages languedociennes.Les résultats de cette enquête, présentés au chapitre 3, montrent que les coûts liés à la nuisance visuelle s'annulent lorsque le parc éolien est installé à des distances comprises entre 8 et 12 km de la côte. L'enquête a également mis en évidence une forte demande pour la mise en place de démarches éco responsable (favorisant les produits locaux, le vélo, les transports publics et les économies d'eau et d'énergie) par les stations balnéaires. Ainsi, nos résultats montrent que la nuisance vécue par l'installation d'un parc à 8 km de la cote serait compensée par la mise en place simultanée d'une « démarche verte ». Par ailleurs, la construction de récifs artificiels associé au parc éolien, qui permettrait l'accès à des loisirs récréatifs (plongée sous marine par ex.) générerait, d'après nos résultats, une augmentation des dépenses des touristes, si ce parc était installé à une distance d'au moins 5 km de la côte.De nos résultats émergent deux principaux constats :- L'implantation d'une éolienne à 12 km de la côte, sans aucune évolution de la station par ailleurs, n'aurait pas d'incidence négative sur le tourisme.- Si la station balnéaire met simultanément en place des actions environnementales et des activités récréatives, le parc éolien peut alors être conçu à partir d'une distance de 5 km de la côte.L'écart entre le Consentement à Payer pour un bien et le Consentement à Recevoir une compensation pour renoncer à ce même bien est un phénomène très largement mis en évidence en économie de l'environnement. Dans une seconde partie de la thèse, nous prenons en compte dans nos estimations économétriques cet écart entre les pertes et des gains dans la fonction d'utilité. En tenant compte de cette asymétrie, nous estimons une réduction de moitié de la nuisance vécue par rapport aux éoliennes si le parc éolien est déjà installé. D'un autre côté, les bénéfices liés aux activités récréatives et à une démarche éco responsable sont perçu comme plus élevés si ces activités étaient déjà mises en place. / The French government has committed itself to an ambitious target of boosting the offshore wind power capacity to reach 6 GW by 2020. Wind turbines onshore as well as offshore are highly contested on visual grounds. Affected stakeholders, ranging from business and property owners, fishermen and elected municipal planners, fear significant negative economic impacts on their ‘business' or their ‘property'. In the French Mediterranean region of the Languedoc Roussillon, the expectation is that the tourist industry will be chagrined in the presence of an offshore wind farm – giving a windy and cemented image of the region. Since talks began about 10 years ago, on the potential for ‘harvesting' the winds of the Mediterranean Sea, many postulates have been made with regard to the impact on coastal tourism. In particular, resistance mounted when plans to include the Languedoc Roussillon in the 2011 tender for the construction of 2 GW wind power capacity were materialising. In this light, it was considered of pertinence to investigate how offshore wind farms, installed at realistic distances from the coast (5, 8 or 12 km), would affect coastal tourism. Additionally, it was considered of interest to help define strategies that coastal community resort may adopt to boost visiting numbers or profit margins with or without wind farms. To answer these questions a full-scale choice experiment valuation survey with over 350 tourists was undertaken in the summer of 2010 on Languedoc beaches.Our survey results show (in chapter 3) that average visual disamenity costs tends to zero, when an offshore wind farm is installed somewhere between 8 and 12 km from the shore. We also find that there is considerable demand for “sustainable” coastal community resorts that favours local produce, bicycling, public transport, energy and water saving devices. Thus, our estimates show that a wind farm installed 8 km from the shore could be ‘compensated for' through the simultaneous ‘greening' of the coastal community resort. If in addition a wind farm is associated with artificial reefs and recreational user access, our results point to an actual rise in tourist related revenues when the wind farm is located min. 5 km from the coast. The policy recommendation is thus two fold: Everything else equals, a wind farm located 12 km offshore will have no negative incidence on tourism. With simultaneous application of a coherent environmental policy and wind farm associated recreational activities, wind farm siting can be conceived from 5 km and outwards.In a latter stage (chapter 5) we explicit account for the well-established fact that humans' over-estimate losses compared with equal-sized gains, in our econometric estimations. By incorporating so-called gain-loss asymmetry in the utility function, we observe that the WTP to remove wind farms had they already been installed is half the compensation required to accept their presence during a vacation. The disamenity costs associated with wind farm installation are thus of a significantly smaller magnitude had the wind farms already been installed. On the other hand, the welfare benefits associated with eco-efficiency and wind farm associated recreational activities are larger had they already been invigorated. The verdict is that asymmetry should be accounted for, or at least recognised in stated preference valuation studies that simultaneously use utility increasing and utility decreasing attributes.
35

Private Woodlands in Ohio: Understanding Landowners' Decision to Sell Woodlands and Participation in Forest Conservation Programs

Hussain, Ahmed Saad January 2022 (has links)
No description available.
36

隨機波動模型(stochastic volatility model)--台幣匯率短期波動之研究 / Stochastic volatility model - the study of the volatility of NT exchange rate in the short run

王偉濤, Wang, Wei-Tao Unknown Date (has links)
No description available.
37

都市服務設施鄰避效果之研究 / A Study of the NIMBY Effect of the Urban Service Facilities

何紀芳, Ho, Chi Fang Unknown Date (has links)
所謂都市服務設施係指「提供社會、文化、經濟、政治與宗教等服務機能之都市設施」。但由於都市服務設施的種類與使用性質的不同,對都市環境或生活品質也產生不同的影響,有些對環境有正面的「迎毗」效果,有些卻會產生負面的「鄰避」效果,而有些則是迎毗效果與鄰避效果同時存在。   以往有關鄰避效果的研究,無論是國內外多只是就個案或是某類設施進行探討,在界定迎毗效果與鄰避效果時也過於主觀,因而對具有鄰避效果之設施的探討未盡完整。因此本研究運用環境行為的研究方法,以台北地方生活圈為研究範圍,自居民的接受意願與鄰避指數來界定鄰避效果,並尋求都市居民為何會對都市服務設施產生鄰避的心理或行為,以及影響鄰避的因素,最後驗證本研究所建立的都市服務設施鄰避效果之概念模式。   根據研究成果所獲得的結論與建議如下:   一、本研究所建立的「都市服務設施鄰避效果」概念模式有資訊、動機、環境態度、經驗、個人屬性、與都市階層等六個概念因子,而中介因子為接受意願。   二、根據都市居民的接受意願可以將都市服務設施劃分為「不願意接受」、「接受意願態度混雜」、與「願意接受」三個層級;而以鄰避指數度量鄰避效果,則可發現都市服務設施的鄰避效果依輕重程度可以劃分為四個等級:「不具鄰避效果」、「輕度鄰避效果」、「中度鄰避效果」、與「高度鄰避效果」。   三、大多數的環境認知與態度不會因受訪者所在的都市階層不同而受影響。而將環境認知與態度經因子分析操作後,各都市階層抽出的因子結構不甚相同,經調整後可得出四個影響都市服務設施接受意願的因子,分別是資訊、環境態度、動機、與經驗。此外,檢驗概念模式中的概念因子與接受意願的互動關係,發現除了經驗與都市階層二個因子與研究假設一致,其餘三個都與假設有所差異。   四、策略建議方面:建議從法規面、規劃者角色定位、土地使用規劃、及都市服務設施管理方面考慮改善鄰避效果之策略。 / Urban service facilities are those that provide "social, cultural, economic, political, and religious functions." Due to different types and functions, these facilities will have varied impacts on environment. Some are positive, and hence "YIMBY" (Yes-ln-My-Back-Yard) facilities; some are negative, and hence "NIMBY" (Not-ln-My-Back-Yard) facilities; some have both effects.   Previous studies dealing with NIMBY effects were mostly case studies or studies that focused on certain types of facilities. In addition, most previous studies were based on subjective concepts to define NIMBY effects. Therefore, this thesis adopts Environment-Behavior research method to study NIMBY effects of urban service facilities in Taipei area. Using the "willingness-to-accept" concept and the "NIMBY indicator," this thesis defines NIMBY effects of urban service facilities. This thesis also seeks to explore why citizens demonstrate NIMBY syndrome, and what factors affect NIMBY syndrome. The conceptual model of NIMBY effects is verified as well.   The conclusion and suggests are as follows:   1. The conceptual model of "NIMBY effects urban service facilities" consists of information, motivation, environmental attitudes, experience, personal attributes, and urban hierarchy. The intervening factor is the willingness to accept.   2. According to the willingness to accept, urban service facilities can be categorized as "not-willing-to-accept," "mixed attitudes," and "willing-to-accept." Using the NIMBY indicator concept to measure NIMBY effects, NIMBY effects can be classified as "no NIMBY effects," "small NIMBY effects," "moderate NIMBY effects," and "serious NIMBY effects."   3. Most environmental attitudes will not vary in different urban hierarchies. The results of factor structures of environmental attitudes are varied in different urban hierarchies. After adjustment, four factors influencing the willingness to accept urban service facilities can be extracted: information, environmental attitudes, motivation, and experience. In addition, in examining the relationships between the conceptual model and the willingness to accept, only experience and hierarchies are consistent with our hypotheses.   4. This thesis suggests four possible directions to mitigate NIMBY effects and the NIMBY syndrome: regulations, planners' roles, land use planning, and urban facility management.
38

台灣地區垃圾焚化爐與掩埋場之不寧適質損

廖宜彥 Unknown Date (has links)
根據環保署統計得知92年平均每人每日垃圾產生量為0.901公斤,該年垃圾總產量約為736萬公噸,清除處理廢棄物的方法,除了過去在各鄉鎮設置垃圾掩埋場,將廢棄物當地掩埋外,還有就是興建垃圾焚化廠來替代垃圾掩埋場,以減少取得垃圾掩埋場用地的困難。雖然傳統的公營、民營的一般掩埋場與衛生掩埋場則逐年減少,但仍高達了千座以上,全台各鄉鎮幾乎皆可看見。 因為垃圾處理設施的存在,令人覺得居家週遭的生活環境不寧適。廢棄物與其他環境介質之聯結有很大的相關性,單純針對廢棄物本身所造成的污染損害進行質損估算,是困難度較高的工作。但是垃圾處理設施本身所造成不寧適感受的損害並不包含在這些相關帳表中,而可以使用損害評估法的方式加以估算表示,因此本研究之目的在於調查垃圾處理設施帶給人們不寧適感受的質損。 此種不寧適的污染損害與賠償並不存在市場交易,無法藉由市場上的供給與需求來反應民眾所遭受的質損,因此本研究採用假設市場價值評估法(contingent valuation method)之問卷的方式,調查民眾願意改善環境品質的願付價值(willingness to pay)與願意接受環境惡化的情況下,願意接受的補償價值(willingness to accept),民眾的WTP/WTA可視為受損害的環境價值,即為廢棄物處理設施所可能產生的質損。 / The producing amount of the one’s rubbish was 0.901 kilograms every day in 2003 according to the statistics in the Environmental Protection Administration. Total output of rubbish is about 7,360,000 metric tons that year. The method of cleaning the rubbish is building landfills and incinerators in every county. But now it is hard to get the specific land to build landfill, and the government policy is that an incinerator substitute for the all landfills in a county. Though the public and private landfills decrease gradually every year, it still had several thousand landfills in Taiwan. Because of the existence of the rubbish treatment facilities, it always makes the living environment of the surrounding area at home not feel peaceful and lose amenity. The purpose of this research lies in investigating the damage that the rubbish treatment facilities cause non-amenity to people. These kinds of pollution damage and compensation do not exist the market. We can’t use the supply, demand and price in the market to response the non-amenity damage of the feeling of Residents. So our research takes the survey to investigate how much resident would be willing to pay for improving the environment amenity and willing to accept for worsening the environment amenity. The people's WTP/WTA can be regarded as the value of the environmental damage from the rubbish treatment facilities.
39

Teisės kreiptis į teismą įgyvendinimo procesinė tvarka: lyginamoji analizė Lietuvos ir Vokietijos civilinio proceso įstatymuose / Procedural order for the implementation of the right to access to court: comparative analysis of the civil procedure laws in the states of Lithuania and Germany

Mitrulevičiūtė, Vaida 25 January 2008 (has links)
Teisės kreiptis į teismą teisminės gynybos užtikrinimas yra vienas iš pagrindinių teisinės valstybės statusą patvirtinančių siekiamų tikslų. Magistro darbe teisė kreiptis į teismą teisminės gynybos procesine teisine prasme, t. y. teisė pareikšti ieškinį (pareiškimą), analizuojama pasitelkiant lyginamąjį tyrimo metodą, įgalinantį palyginti atskirų valstybių - Lietuvos Respublikos (toliau – Lietuvos) ir Vokietijos Federacinės Respublikos (toliau –Vokietijos) - teisės kreiptis į teismą įgyvendinimo procesinės tvarkos teisinį reguliavimą. Abejose šalyse teisė kreiptis į teismą teisminės gynybos reglamentuojama aukščiausią teisinę galią turinčio teisės akto, t. y. Konstitucijos, normomis. Teisės kreiptis į teismą teisinis reguliavimas, esant asmens teisių pažeidimui privatiniuose teisiniuose santykiuose, Lietuvoje ir Vokietijoje skiriasi: Vokietijos Pagrindinio įstatymo 19 str. 4 d. garantuoja teisę kreiptis į teism���� tik tuo atveju, kai teisių pažeidėjas yra viešoji valdžia. Tačiau Vokietijos Konstitucinis Teismas yra konstatavęs, jog teisiniams ginčams, nepatenkantiems į Pagrindinio įstatymo 19 str. 4 d. ribas, teisė kreiptis į teismą garantuojama įtvirtintu teisinės valstybės principu. Priešingai nei Vokietijoje, Lietuvos Konstitucijoje yra įtvirtinta bendroji teisės norma, taikoma kilusiems ginčams tiek civiliniuose, tiek kitokio pobūdžio teisiniuose santykiuose. Kiekvienas, norintis pasinaudoti teisės aktuose įtvirtinta teise kreiptis į teismą, privalo laikytis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Die Gewaehrleistung vom Justizgewaehrungsanspruch ist eines der Axiome, die den Status von dem Rechtsstaat betont. In dieser Magisterarbeit wird der Justizgewaehrungsanspruch im Sinne des prozessrechtlichen Aspektes, d. h. wie das Recht vor Gericht einzuklagen, analysiert. Die Eroerterung vom Justizgewaehrungsanspruch wird mit Anwendung eines Vergleichsmethodes erledigt. Das Ziel dieser Magisterarbeit ist die Prozessordnung der Verwirklichung vom Justizgewaehrungsanspruch in Litauen und in Deutschland zu vergleichen. In beiden Laendern wird der Justizgewaehrungsanspruch auf der obersten Regelungsebene verankert – im Grundgesetz (GG) der Bundesrepublik Deutschlands und in der Verfassung Litauens. Die Rechtsschutzgarantie in privatrechtlichen Verhaeltnissen ist in verfassungrechtlichen Normen unterschiedlich geregelt: Art. 19 Abs.4 GG schuetzt die Rechte des Menschens nur bei Velretzung durch oeffentliche Gewalt. Das Bundesverfassungsgericht hat den aus dem Rechtsstaatsprinzip in Verbindung mit den Grundrechten folgenden allgemeinen Justizgewährungsanspruch zunächst als Grundlage des Rechtsschutzes in zivilrechtlichen Streitigkeiten anerkannt, für die Art.19 Abs.4 GG nicht anwendbar ist. Im Gegensatz dazu gibt es eine allgemeine verfassungsrechtliche Norm in Verfassung Litauens, die nicht nur fuer die oeffenltich-rechtlichen, sondern auch fuer die zivilrechtlichen Streitigkeiten gilt. Jeder, wer sein Recht vor Gericht einzuklagen realisieren moechte, muss es gemaess... [to full text]
40

Teisės kreiptis į teismą įgyvendinimo procesinė tvarka (lyginamoji Lietuvos ir Austrijos valstybių civilinio proceso įstatymų analizė) / Procedural orderfor the implementation of the right to access to court (comparative analysis of the civil procedure laws in the states of Lithuania and Austria)

Stulpinienė, Aida 25 January 2008 (has links)
Šio darbo tikslas – kompleksiškai išanalizuoti ir palyginti teisės kreiptis į teismą įgyvendinimo procesinę tvarką pagal Lietuvos ir Austrijos civilinio proceso įstatymus. Abiejose šalyse konstituciniu lygmeniu įtvirtintą teisę kreiptis į teismą detalizuoja civilinio proceso įstatymuose nustatyta šios teisės įgyvendinimo tvarka. Darbe teorinių ir empirinių metodų pagalba yra analizuojama teisė kreiptis į teismą, jos turinys, teisės kreiptis į teismą prielaidos ir sąlygos, nustatytos atsisakymo priimti ieškinį pagrinduose, įtvirtintuose Lietuvos ir Austrijos civilinio proceso įstatymuose. Remiantis moksline literatūra, teisės aktais, Lietuvos Aukščiausiojo Teismo ir Austrijos Aukščiausiojo Teismo (Oberster Gerichtshof) praktika atskiruose baigiamojo darbo skyriuose analizuojami Lietuvos ir Austrijos civilinio proceso kodeksuose numatyti atsisakymo priimti ieškinį pagrindai. Atlikus lyginamąją Lietuvos ir Austrijos civilinio proceso įstatymų analizę, prieinama išvados, kad abiejų valstybių civilinio proceso įstatymuose įtvirtinti atsisakymo priimti ieškinį pagrindai yra beveik identiški, teisė kreiptis į teismą yra tinkamai reglamentuota ir įgyvendinama nepažeidžiant įstatymuose numatytų reikalavimų. Tiek Lietuvoje, tiek Austrijoje įtvirtinti baigtiniai atsisakymo priimti ieškinį pagrindų sąrašai nesudaro kliūčių asmenims pasinaudoti teise kreiptis į teismą. Taip pat darbe pateikiami pasiūlymai Lietuvos įstatymų leidėjui dėl kai kurių civilinio proceso įstatymų nuostatų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In dieser Magistrusarbeit analysiert man die Ordnung der Verwirklichung des Justizgewährungsanspruchs anhand der Gesetze des Zivilprozesses in Litauen und Österreich. Den Justizgewärungsanspruch, den die Verfassungen der beiden Ländern durchsetzen, detailisiert die Ordnung der Verwirklichung dieses Rechts in den Gesetzen des Zivilprozesses. In der Arbeit analysiert man den Justizgewärungsanspruch, Inhalt des Justizgewährungsanspruchs (die Prozessvoraussetzungen und die Rechtszugvoraussetzungen sind in den Gesetzen des Zivilprozesses verwirklicht, die in den Gründen der Zurückweisung der Klage festgesstelt sind). Hier werden auch die Werke der Rechtswissenshaftler in Litauen und Österreich besprochen. In einzelnen Teilen dieser Arbeit werden die Gründen der Zurückweisung der Klage besprochen. Diese Gründe analysiert man anhand der Gesetze, der Rechtsprechung, der Wissenschaft des Zivilprozessrechtes. Nach der vergleichenden Analyse der Gesetze des Zivilprozesses in Litauen und Österreich kann man die Schlussfolderung ziehen, das die Gründen der Zurückweisung der Klage fast identisch sind. Der Justizgewährungsanspruch ist ausführlich reglementiert und verwirklicht man ohne Verletzungen der Gesetze. Sowohl in Litauen als auch in Österreich ist die Endliste der Gründen der Zurückweisung der Klage verwirklicht, die keine Hindernisse der Personen, die den Justizgewährungsanspruch nutzen wollen, machen. In der Arbeit werden auch die Vorschläge für den Gesetzgeber Litauens wegen... [to full text]

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