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Lira.pdf: 1906993 bytes, checksum: 79c2ad87285b674d8c992733ab6895c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-05 / The Brazilian cities development was marked by accelerated urban population growth, due to the rural exodus. This population began to occupy the regions peripheral resulting in the expansion horizontal´s city. As result there were significant damages to the quality of life and impacts on the capacity of displacement. The urban planning, proper regulation of the use and occupation land, monitoring the access and services impacts, and the management of road access are instruments that can mediate the demands of trips generated in cities, they are a balance on conditions of mobility and urban accessibility. This research aims to carry out a case of study with a Trip Generator Centers into a type of Institution of Higher Education, which allows to suggest to the government of monitoring the impacts caused in the mobility of Manaus after the project horizon. The literature analyzed about Trips Generators Centers, municipal rule, the project criteria presented for approval by municipal executive government of traffic and comparison with other capitals, field surveys in the following perspectives: vehicle flow volume with categorization, pedestrian flow, waiting time in vehicle queue, queue size, number of stops for pedestrians, search for speed of travel and level of road service. This study identified in the research carried out, that there is no regulation of monitoring the impacts of Trip Generator Centers after project horizon, in addition, it was observed that in the academic period there is an increase of 40% traffic volume of the area comprised by several Trips Generators Centers. Regarding the Institution of Higher Education flow, the impact of the two garage buildings installed in Joaquim Nabuco avenue, equals 22% of the total volume of 4,217 automobiles, with an average row size of 9 vehicles in the Trip Generator Center A and the waiting time of 3 minutes, with maximum of 23 minutes, in Trip Generator Center B, the average value of queue size of 7 vehicles and the average waiting time of 3 minutes, with maximum of 23 minutes. The service level indicator shows that when the Institution of Higher Education schooling period occurs, the quality of the circulation in the Joaquim Nabuco avenue leaves service level D and goes to F, which means that flow with extremely low speeds in urban streets. What the theory indicates is likely to be, congestion occurs at intersections in places with critical signaling, with high delays and volumes, in addition to extensive queues, which is evidenced by the events occurring in the route and identified by the monitoring, with extensive queues occasioned by the Institution of Higher Education. The results indicate the impact generated by these Trip Generator Centers as well as mobility, in the Joaquim Nabuco avenue located in the city´s central region, and reinforce the need to regulate a process suitable to monitoring of Trip Generator Centers and realization off access management road in urban areas. / O desenvolvimento das cidades brasileiras foi marcado pelo acelerado crescimento populacional urbano devido ao êxodo rural. Essa população passou a ocupar as regiões periféricas resultando na expansão horizontal da cidade. Como consequência ocorreram significativos prejuízos à qualidade de vida e impactos na capacidade de deslocamento. O planejamento urbano, a regulamentação adequada do uso e ocupação do solo, o monitoramento dos impactos dos acessos e serviços e a gestão de acessos viários são instrumentos que possibilitam mediar as demandas de viagens geradas nas cidades, que estabelecem um equilíbrio nas condições de mobilidade e acessibilidade urbana. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo realizar um estudo de caso com um Polo Gerador de Viagens do tipo Instituição de Ensino Superior, particular, que permita sugerir ao poder público o monitoramento dos impactos causados na mobilidade de Manaus após o horizonte de projeto. Utiliza-se como método, a análise da literatura sobre Polos Geradores de Viagens, legislação de regulamentação municipal, os critérios de projeto apresentados para aprovação junto ao órgão executivo municipal de trânsito e comparação com outras capitais, pesquisas de campo nas seguintes perspectivas: volume de fluxo veicular com categorização, fluxo de pedestres, tempo de espera em fila veicular, tamanho de fila veicular, número de paradas para travessia de pedestres, pesquisa de velocidade de percurso e nível de serviço viário. Este estudo identificou nas pesquisas realizadas, a ausência de regulamentação para monitoramento de impactos de Polos Geradores de Viagens após horizonte de projeto. Além disso, observou-se que em período letivo existe um acréscimo de 40% no volume de trânsito veicular da área de abrangência composta por diversos Polos Geradores de Viagens. No que se refere ao fluxo da Instituição de Ensino Superior, o impacto dos dois edifícios garagem instalados na avenida Joaquim Nabuco, equivale a 22% do volume total de 4.217 automóveis, com tamanho de fila médio de 9 veículos no Polo Gerador de Viagens A e o tempo de espera de 3 minutos, com máximos de 23 minutos, no Polo Gerador de Viagens B, o valor médio de tamanho de fila é de 7 veículos e o tempo médio de espera de 3 minutos, com máximos de 23 minutos. O indicador nível de serviço demonstra que quando ocorre o período letivo da Instituição de Ensino Superior, a qualidade da circulação na avenida Joaquim Nabuco sai do nível D de serviço e vai para o F. Isto é, o fluxo com velocidades extremamente baixas em ruas urbanas. O que pela teoria indica ser provável, ocorrer congestionamento em interseções em locais com sinalização crítica, com altos atrasos e volumes, além de extensas filas. O que se comprova com os fatos ocorridos na via e identificados pelo monitoramento, com extensas filas ocasionadas pela Instituição de Ensino Superior. Os resultados indicam o impacto gerado por este Polo Gerador de Viagens quanto a mobilidade, na avenida Joaquim Nabuco localizada na região central da cidade, e reforçam a necessidade de regulamentação de um processo adequado para o monitoramento de Polos Geradores de Viagens e realização de gestão de acesso viário nas áreas urbanas.

The topic of this thesis is focused on the issues of the Identity Management. The author of the work describes the possibilities using this concept and application Identity Management in organizations. This issue is not oriented just from the point of Information security where this area belongs. The goal of this work is to create a framework of the process Identity Management by using best practises and standards. The context of the work should describe new trends and using special tools for safety work with process of Identity Management and the risk in area of the Identity Management. To achieve these goals which are mentioned above is ensured by using analysis of information sources and consulting with professionals from organization. The benefit of this work is provide comparison of teoretical knowledges with practical usage in organization and its recommendation to improve the process Identity Management.

On-boarding refers to bringing in an employee to a company and granting access to new hires. However, a person may go through different stages of employment, hold different jobs by the same employer and have different levels of information access during the employment duration. A shared services organization may have either limited or wide-spread access within certain groups. Off-boarding implies the removal of access of information or physical devices such as keys, computers or mobile devices when the employee leaves. Off-boarding is the management of the separation an employee from an institution. Many organizations use different steps that constitute the off-boarding process. Incomplete tracking of an employee's access is a security risk and can lead to unintended exposure of company information and assets. Blockchain technology combines blocks of information together using a cryptographic algorithm based on the existing previous block and is verified by the peers in the blockchain network. This process creates an immutable record of employee system access providing an audit trail of access for any point in time to ensure that all access permissions can be removed once employment ends. This project proposes using blockchain technology to consolidate information across disparate groups, and to automate access removal to improve the employee off-boarding process.

Health Informatics has enlightened by the recent development in the internet of medical things 4.0. Healthcare services have seen greater acceptance of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in recent years; in light of the increasing volume of patient data, the traditional way of storing data in physical files has eventually moved to a digital alternative such as Electronic Health Record (EHR). However, the conventional healthcare data systems are plagued with a single point of failure, security issues, mutable logging, and inefficient methods to retrieve healthcare records. Solid (Social Linked Data) has been developed as a decentralized technology to alter digital data sharing and ownership for its users radically. However, Solid alone cannot address all the security issues posed to data exchange and storage. This work combines two decentralized technologies, Solid ecosystem and Blockchain technology, to tackle potential security issues using Solidity-based Smart Contracts, thereby providing a secure patient centric design. This research evaluates a model solution for secure storage, emphasizing secure auditing of accessing the data stored. The architecture will also come with algorithms that will provide developers with logical instructions to implement the artefact.

Access management techniques such as raised median installation and driveway consolidation improve safety conditions for motorists. Several locations where these access management techniques have been installed in the state of Utah were selected for analysis of the safety impacts. Although crash rates were not necessarily reduced as a result of the access management techniques, other safety improvements were observed. The raised medians generally reduced the more serious types of collisions, which resulted in a decrease in the severity of crashes. The fatality rates generally decreased as crashes became less severe. Because fatalities and the overall severity of crashes decreased, the overall cost of crashes was reduced. The cost of installing the raised medians was easily recouped by this reduction in the cost of crashes.

The Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) has completed a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data inventory that includes access locations across the UDOT network. The new data are anticipated to be extremely useful in better defining safety and in completing a systemwide analysis of locations where safety could be improved, or where safety has been improved across the state. The Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at Brigham Young University (BYU) has worked with the new data to perform a safety analysis of the state related to access management, particularly related to driveway spacing and raised medians. The primary objective of this research was to increase understanding of the safety impacts across the state related to access management. These objectives were accomplished by using the LiDAR database to evaluate driveway spacing and locations to aid in hot spot identification and to develop relationships between access design and location as a function of safety and access category (AC). Utah Administrative Rule R930-6 contains access management guidelines to balance the access found on a roadway with traffic and safety operations. These guidelines were used to find the maximum number of driveways recommended for a roadway. ArcMap 10.3 and Microsoft Excel were used to visualize the data and identify hot spot locations. An analysis conducted in this study compared current roadway characteristics to the R930-6 guidelines to find locations where differences occurred. This analysis does not indicate the current AC is incorrect; it simply means that the assigned AC does not meet current roadway characteristic based on the LiDAR data analysis. UDOT can decide what this roadway will become in the future and help shape each segment using the AC outlined in the R930-6. A hierarchal Bayesian statistical before-after model, created in previous BYU safety research, was used to analyze locations where raised medians have been installed. Twenty locations where raised medians were installed in Utah between 2002 to 2014 were used in this model. The model analyzed the raised medians by AC. Only three AC were represented in the data. Regression plots depicting a decrease in crashes before and after installation, posterior distribution plots showing the probability of a decrease in crashes after installation, and crash modification factor (CMF) plots presenting the CMF values estimated for different vehicle miles traveled (VMT) values were all created as output from the before-after model. Overall, installing a raised median gives an approximate reduction of 53 percent for all crashes. Individual AC analysis yielded results ranging from 32 to 44 percent for all severity groups except severity 4 and 5. When the model was only run for crash severity 4 and 5, a larger reduction of 57 to 58 percent was found.

Major crossroads are designed to facilitate the conflicting movements of numerous vehicles in a manner that is both safe and efficient. Accesses located within the functional areas of major crossroads add complication to intersection activity due to additional conflicts arising from ingressing and egressing movements at the accesses. In this research, the impact of accesses on crashes within major crossroad functional areas was analyzed. Specifically, the effects of access spacing within functional areas and access setback from intersections were addressed. In order to conduct the analysis, the functional areas of 159 signalized major arterial crossroads across the state of Utah were examined. A database was built containing the frequency, type, and severity of functional area crashes as well as the intersection and roadway characteristics within the functional area. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the influence of accesses in intersection functional areas on functional area crashes. The statistical analyses show that the existence of accesses within the functional areas was correlated with increased crashes and crash severity costs. In particular, an increase in commercial access density was associated with increases in crash totals, crash rates, and rear end crashes in intersection functional areas. The analyses also showed that study site intersections meeting Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) corner clearance standards exhibited fewer right angle crashes and lower crash severity costs. Finally, intersections that prohibited all unsignalized access had lower crash totals, crash rates, right angle crash totals, and rear end crash totals than intersections that allowed some unsignalized access.

Vem ska ha åtkomst och vem skall ha åtkomst till vad? Identitets- och åtkomsthantering (IAM) hjälper organisationer med att hantera systemanvändare under deras livscykel till systemen inom verksamheten. Det finns flera olika faktorer som är den drivande faktorn till varför de har IAM-lösningar. Under denna uppsats kommer det att undersökas vad som är de drivande faktorer för en organisation till att ha IAM-lösningar och ifall det skiljer sig något åt mellan privat och offentlig organisation. För att ta reda på det så har sex intervjuer genomförts från tre olika verksamheter, en privat och två offentliga. Intervjuerna har skett med två personer från varje organisation med olika roller inom IAM-området för att få en djup förståelse om vad som är just den organisationens drivande faktor. Det som undersökningen resulterade i är att de drivande faktorerna inte skiljer något större åt när organisationen jämförs mellan privat och offentlig. Den drivande faktorn var huvudsakligen att förbättra IT-säkerheten inom organisationen med hjälp av IAM. Men de flesta drevs inte bara av en faktor utan en kombination av flera. Slutsatsen av undersökningen är att den drivande faktorn beror på vilken bransch organisationen tillhör samt storleken på antalet användare i deras system, inte om den tillhör privat eller offentlig organisation. / Who should have access and who should have access to what? Identity and access management (IAM) helps organizations manage system users throughout their lifecycle to the systems within the business. There are several different factors that are the driving factor why they have IAM solutions. During this essay, it will examine what are the driving factors for an organization to have IAM solutions and if there is any difference between private and public organizations. To find out, six interviews have been conducted from three different businesses, one private and two public. The interviews have taken place with two people from each organization with different roles within the IAM area in order to gain a deep understanding of what is that particular organization's driving factor. What the survey resulted in is that the driving factors do not differ much when the organization is compared between private and public. The driving factor was mainly to improve IT security within the organization using IAM. However, most were driven not by just one factor but by a combination of several. The conclusion of the survey is that the driving factor depends on the industry the organization belongs to and the size of the number of users in their system, not whether it belongs to a private or public organization.

Identity management is a critical concept for enterprises, and it has turned to more challenging issue since businesses are significantly moving towards service oriented architecture (SOA) with the aim to provide seamless service delivery to their customers, partners and employees. The organizational domains are expanded to blur the virtual borders, simplify the business collaboration and maximize opportunities in the competitive market place, which explicitly shows the essentiality for federating the identities. Real-world identity comprises of different dimensions such as Law, Business, Policy, Technology and Society, therefore reliable digital identity management and successful federation are required to take these dimensions and complexity into consideration. Considering variety of academic and industrial researches that report on remarkable demands for identity federation adoption by enterprises, this study has approached federated Identity Management from technological point of view. Technologies provide tools and mechanisms to satisfy the business requirements and enable single sign-on capability in reliable federated platform. Different authentication technologies and standards have emerged to enable federated single sign-on (FSSO) implementation as a core service of the FIdM, each with different features and capabilities. This brings more complexity and confusion for experts and decision makers for FIdM adoption and development. To overcome this obstacle and accelerate the data collection and analysis process for decision makers, this research contributes to the filed by providing a conceptual framework to simplify the analysis of underlying technology for decision making process. In this framework 1) a list of state-of-the-art requirements and mechanisms for successful identity federation and reliable SSO is elaborated, 2) Six most prevalent standard authentication technologies along with latest specifications are analysed, explained and assessed against the defined criteria, and 3) several security and privacy consideration are gathered. The usage of framework is monitored and the efficiency of it is evaluated in 2 real business case scenarios by five IT experts and the result is reported.

In Florida, the increased installation of non-traversable medians and directional median opening has produced an increased number of U-turns on multilane highways. Arguments have been advanced by some opponents of median modification projects that the increased numbers of U-turns may result in safety and operational problems on multilane highways. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the operational effects of U-turn movement on multilane roadways. To achieve this research objective, extensive data were collected. Field measurements were conducted at 40 sites in the Tampa Bay area of Florida to collect traffic operations data. Besides, the crash histories of 179 selected roadway segments in central Florida were investigated. Statistical analysis was conducted based on the collected traffic operations data and crash data to quantitatively evaluate the operational performance of U-turn movement. Delay and travel time were compared for different driveway left- turn alternatives that are widely used in Florida and nationally. Crash rate models were developed to evaluate how the separation distance between a driveway exit and the downstream U-turn bay impacts the safety performance of vehicles making right-turns followed by U-turns (RTUT). With the crash data analysis results, the minimum separation distances under different roadway conditions were determined to facilitate driver use of RTUTs. The capacity of U-turn movement was analyzed under two different situations: (1) U-turns are provided at a signalized intersection; and (2) U-turns are provided at an unsignalized intersection. Adjustment factors were developed to quantify the impacts of the presence of U-turning vehicles on the capacity of a signalized intersection. The critical gaps and follow-up time for U-turn movement at unsignalized intersections were estimated. With the estimated critical gaps and follow-up time, the Harders model was used to determine the capacity of U-turn movem ent at an unsignalized intersection. This study also looks extensively at the minimum roadway width and median width required by vehicles to perform U-turn maneuvers on 4-lane divided roadways. It was found that a roadway width of 46 ft is generally sufficient for most types of design vehicles (except heavy vehicles) to perform a continuous U-turn maneuver without impedance.