This essay purports to be a “negative” defense of acquaintance foundationalism. It is “negative” in that I do not do much in the way of advancing novel argument for the position, nor do I extend the position very much. Rather, I focus on demonstrating that the position has the resources to overcome objections that have been proposed to it. In particular, I argue that it can overcome the dilemma proposed by Wilfrid Sellars and developed by Laurence BonJour against foundationalism, as well as dilemmas proposed by Jack Lyons and Michael Bergmann targeting internalism. Acquaintance foundationalism is what I will call any theory of justification that is internalist in what may justify us, foundationalist in the structure of justification, and relies on the concept of acquaintance in justifying our basic beliefs. Internalism requires that what justifies us improves the belief from the perspective of the believing subject. Foundationalism states that the justification for all beliefs depends ultimately on basic beliefs. Finally, acquaintance is a relation between a person and other things such that these other things are before the “mind’s eye” of the subject. The general idea behind each of these dilemmas, so I will argue, is to claim that acquaintance foundationalism cannot provide epistemic reasons for basic beliefs, where epistemic reason means something that contributes to justification from the subject’s perspective. Each dilemma will ask whether the alleged justifier has some feature x. However, each dilemma contends that, whether the alleged has the feature x or not, it cannot serve as an epistemic reason. For example, BonJour will ask whether our allegedly basic beliefs are cognitive or not. He argues that if they are cognitive, they need justification (and so cannot be basic), but if they are not cognitive, they cannot provide justification. Thus, no allegedly basic belief can serve as an epistemic reason. I argue that the notion of acquaintance allows us to escape such dilemmas because our states of acquaintance allow us to justify our basic beliefs without requiring justification themselves. I do so by borrowing, in part, Richard Fumerton’s theory of non-inferential justification, plus adding on a few epicycles to allow us to base our basic beliefs on our acquaintances. The first chapter sets up the issues of the dissertation: it gives context to the project, defines acquaintance foundationalism and epistemic reason, and discusses our dilemmas in broad outline. It also summarizes the rest of the essay. I use epistemic reasons in a specialized sense in the dissertation, which necessitates an extended discussion. This is the focus of chapter two. I argue that an epistemic reason is a mental complex that consists of Fumertonian acquaintances. When we have an epistemic reason, we have a mental complex that is related in the appropriate way to a belief. This is just what provides justification for the belief. This chapter explicates this notion. It includes an extended discussion of Richard Fumerton’s theory of non-inferential justification, which I follow in outline but diverge from in detail. This discussion focuses on his notion of acquaintance, and the items with which we may be acquainted. I then move to a discussion of the metaphysics of epistemic reasons, explaining how they consist of these acquaintances. I also discuss the relationship between epistemic reasons and epistemic justification. The third chapter is historical in focus. I examine Sellars’s famous dilemma for foundationalism, and contend that it can be best understood as an attempt to deny the foundationalist epistemic reasons for his beliefs. I also examine Laurence BonJour’s later formulation of the Sellarsian dilemma, and again argue that it is best understood as denying epistemic reasons to foundationalists. I then review the options that an acquaintance foundationalist has to respond to these dilemmas, as these responses will allow us to see where our more recent dilemmas go wrong. Chapter four address Jack Lyons’s dilemma. I consider what Lyons says about his dilemma at some length. I then argue that it is structurally similar to the Sellarsian dilemma, and tries to undermine the internalist’s (including the acquaintance foundationalist’s) ability to offer epistemic reasons for his beliefs. I then argue that Lyons’s dilemma only seems persuasive because he misunderstands what is required for experience to provide us with an epistemic reason. When properly understood, his dilemma fails to tell against the acquaintance foundationalism. I also argue that Lyons’s version of externalism is much more radical than it might initially appear, helping to motivate acquaintance foundationalism. The fifth chapter focuses on Michael Bergmann. I give his dilemma an extended discussion, which I follow up by reframing it in terms of epistemic reasons. I argue that his dilemma, while seemingly persuasive, fails to trouble the acquaintance foundationalism. I argue that we may be strongly aware (a Bergmannian technical notion) of our epistemic reasons without starting a regress, which vitiates his dilemma. I conclude with some short remarks on possibility of skepticism.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 137-148).

Forcible rapes continue to occur at a rate of 1.3 per minute (National Victim Center, 1992). With an estimated 12.1 million women having been raped in our country (National Victim Center, 1992) and with most victims knowing the rapist, the importance of understanding the underlying dynamics leading to sexually aggressive behavior becomes imperative.The purpose of this study was to further delineate a possible contributory factor in the predisposition for rape. Specifically, this study examined the relationship between the perceived quality of father-child relationship and those underlying motivational and attitudinal factors associated with men who perpetrate sexual aggression towards women. A sample of 264 male college students were given a series of instruments examining underlying power motivations, sex-role stereotyping beliefs, attitudes of hostility toward women, relationship with father, relationship with mother, and sexually aggressive behavior. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between parent-child relationship and sexually aggressive attitudes and behavior.The results revealed that, consistent with previously reported literature, one measure of relationship with father was found to account for a significant amount of variance in hostility toward women. Relationship with father was not found to be significantly related to any of the remaining criterion measures. Relationship with mother was found to be significantly related to sex-role stereotyping. All criterion measures were significantly correlated with each other as were all the predictor measures.The results are discussed in relation to the hypotheses and previous research findings. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

Thesis (MPsy(Specialisation))--University of South Australia, 2002.

Thesis (MPsy(Specialisation))--University of South Australia, 2002.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, November, 2007. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina Wilmington, 2008. / Appendices: 76-92. Title from PDF title page (October 25, 2008) Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-75)

Submitted by RONALDO PEDREIRA SILVA (ronaldopedreirasilva@gmail.com) on 2016-07-21T00:55:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RonaldoPedreiraSilva_Defesa_VersaoDefinitiva-13-07-2016.pdf: 4247266 bytes, checksum: 4729f540d38c07d204bab4c1d1cec29d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2016-07-21T14:23:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RonaldoPedreiraSilva_Defesa_VersaoDefinitiva-13-07-2016.pdf: 4247266 bytes, checksum: 4729f540d38c07d204bab4c1d1cec29d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-21T14:23:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RonaldoPedreiraSilva_Defesa_VersaoDefinitiva-13-07-2016.pdf: 4247266 bytes, checksum: 4729f540d38c07d204bab4c1d1cec29d (MD5) / O presente trabalho se propõe a verificar como a Gestão da Inovação Tecnológica do IFBA pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de processos de Memória Organizacional, como processo específico de Gestão do Conhecimento e, em retorno, como esses dois ramos do conhecimento podem facilitar e agilizar a primeira. Para dar cabo dessa tarefa foi necessário criar uma base teórica unificando esses campos de estudos, a Gestão da Inovação Tecnológica (GIT), a Memória Organizacional (MO) e a Gestão do Conhecimento (GC). Cada área foi abordada, detalhada e conectada com as outras, de modo a fazer uma sustentação teórica consistente. O locus da pesquisa foi a Coordenação de Propriedade Intelectual e Transferência de Tecnologia (CPITT), do Departamento de Inovação (DINOV), da Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa, Pós-Graduação e Inovação (PRPGI) do IFBA. Para a coleta dos dados foram usadas quatro técnicas. A primeira foi o questionário, disponibilizado online para os pesquisadores listados pela CPITT. A segunda foi entrevistas livres, nas quais os entrevistados tinham completa liberdade de expressar suas opiniões sobre as questões relacionadas aos processos da CPITT. A terceira, foi a observação sistemática, na qual foram feitas visitas in loco, com o objetivo de levantar dados referentes ao objeto de estudo em seus mais diversos aspectos, tanto físicos, quanto pessoais. A quarta técnica foi a pesquisa bibliográfica, na qual foram acessados documentos relacionados aos temas em questão. Para a análise, foi feita uma triangulação dos dados adquiridos, para compará-los e gerar as Conclusões. Ao final, pôde-se observar que a GIT tem um papel de importância para MO e para a GC, sendo um ponto crítico para a CPITT. Na documentação foi possível identificar atribuições dos setores, em particular da PRPGI, do DINOV e da CPITT, bem como os produtos que eles devem gerar. Foram discutidas também questões referentes ao acesso a informações e os critérios para sua disponibilização. Por fim, foram sugeridas ações para melhorar os processos e procedimentos e outros que poderiam dar uma maior agilidade à PRPGI como um todo e extensivelmente, a todo o Instituto, tais como a adoção de atividades de inteligência, planejamento estratégico e o contato mais aproximado com outros setores do IFBA, que poderiam contribuir com seus conhecimentos e experiências. / Abstract The current study aims to examine how the Innovation Technology Management at Instituto Federal da Bahia (IFBA) may contribute to the development of the Organization Memory Processes as a specific proceeding to an Information Acquaintance Management and in return make these two branches speed up and favor the higher division - the Innovation Technology Management. In order to make this task viable it was indispensable to create a theoretical basis which united the following study fields, the Innovation Technology Management (ITM), the Organization Memory (OM), and the Information Acquaintance Management (IAM). Each of the studied area was approached, detailed, and connected to all others in such a way that the three form a consistent sustaining theoretical platform. The research site chosen for this study was the Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer Division (IPTTD) and the Innovation Department (ID) both placed at the Research, Innovation and Post -Graduation Board at IFBA. The data collection four techniques were used, as follows. The first one was a questionnaire available online to the examinees listed by the IPTTD; the second one was the interview in which the interviewees were free to express their opinions regarding the issues concerning the processes organized by the IPTTD; and the third one consisted of a systematic observation, for which some in-site visitation were scheduled aiming to collect data regarding the study at all aspects, mainly physical aspects and personal aspects; the fourth technique included a bibliographic research , for which specific documents were made accessible to establish links to the object matters proposed. A threecornered analysis was applied in order to compare the found data and generate the conclusions. In the end it was possible to observe that the ITM plays a basic role to both OM and IAM, that together stand as a critical point to the IPTTD basic foundation. On the documents collected we could identify each and every division attribution, particularly the Research, Innovation and Post -Graduation Board and the additional divisions, and the outputs they may generate, as well. Other issues were also discussed, such as, the ones referred to the access to information as well as the criteria and procedures applied for their availability. In the end a few actions were suggested in order to improve nimbleness to the board activities as a whole and extensively to the whole institute divisions, as means for the adoption intelligence activities, strategic projection and a closer contact to other less likely divisions provided by IFBA that could contribute to its knowledge and experience acquirements.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The acquaintance is the relation between the mind and certain objects called russell´s objects. These objects are restricted to individuals who can think directly. Appearances, such as colors, are examples of russell´s objects. The acquaintance is a primitive epistemic relation. The individual has the ability to discriminate those objects, distinguishing them from others in the traditional interpretation of acquaintance. The objects are known by acquaintance in the sense that the mind can identify them perfectly. In this case, the subject can not be wrong about the interpretation and the knowledge of what is thinking about it. A individual can, however, be in a relation with one and the same individual at different times, not realizing that it is the same. The cases of the continuous phenomena show that, explaining the difficulty in demonstrating the reference equality through changes in the character of the experience. / A acquaintance consiste na relação entre a mente e certos objetos chamados de objetos russellianos. Estes objetos restringem-se a indivíduos que podemos pensar diretamente. As aparências, tais como as cores, são exemplos de objetos russellianos. A acquaintance é uma relação epistêmica primitiva. O sujeito possui a capacidade de discriminar aqueles objetos, distinguindo-os de outros na interpretação tradicional de acquaintance. Os objetos são conhecidos por acquaintance no sentido que a mente pode identificá-los perfeitamente. Neste caso, o sujeito não pode estar errado no conhecimento daquilo que está pensando naquela interpretação. Um sujeito pode, no entanto, estar em uma relação com um e o mesmo indivíduo, em diferentes ocasiões, sem perceber que é o mesmo. Os casos dos fenômenos contínuos mostram isso, explicitando a dificuldade em demonstrar a igualdade de referência através das mudanças no caráter da experiência.

The current study used a Post-positivist paradigm and was quantitative in nature. In addition, it used a descriptive survey design, which utilized self-reported questionnaires. The final sample included 125 students, ages 18-20, in undergraduate psychology courses at a Southern California university. This study attempted to explore the differences between the tree types of dating violence profiles: 1) victim only, 2) perpetrator only and 3) mutually violent; however, only 37 participants completed the questionnaire, which made statistical analysis impossible. Nonetheless, this study explored differences in relation to the demographic characteristics and five variables: a) gender, b) self-esteem, c) severity of violence, d) relationship satisfaction, and e) acceptance of violence. Therefore, this study proposed that differences would be identified and used correlations to reveal any associations between the variables. It was discovered that dating violence occurred among the sample with an 87.8% prevalence rate.