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Resources Matter: The Role of Social Capital and Collective Efficacy in Mediating Gun ViolenceDean, Jennifer Lynne 25 March 2014 (has links)
Abstract
This study explains how community activists make use of available social capital and collective efficacy while attempting to mediate gun violence. It specifically focuses on twelve in-depth interviews of activists' perspectives, processes and rationales to alleviate community gun violence, based on informal social control models. Findings suggest activists must establish trust and respect with youth they work with before mediation begins, which is established through similar life experiences or backgrounds. Once a strong bond is established with youth, activists identified five core processes to reduce violence: 1) improve the mindset, 2) provide life skills, 3) assist youth as their liaison between networks, 4) expose and provide tools to other opportunities such as college or jobs, and 5) activists challenge system policy that they feel contributes to Chicago's gun violence.
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Negotiating the Credibility of Chronic Lyme Disease: Patient Participation in Biomedical Knowledge-CreationHorowitz, Jodie 01 January 2019 (has links)
An estimated 300,000 people contract Lyme disease in the USA every year, 10-20% of whom will experience long-term symptoms even after antibiotic treatment. These patients are said to have Chronic Lyme Disease (CLD). However, diagnostic guidelines, treatment protocols, and the etiological existence of CLD have been the subject of much controversy in the biomedical field, leading to negative mental and physical health outcomes for of patients with CLD. Patient support networks focused on illness experience, known as biosocialities, have formed in response to this controversy. CLD biosocialities create opportunities for patients to participate in biomedical activism and the scientific research process. A historical precedent for biosocial impact on biomedical knowledge and improved health outcomes has been established from patient activists with HIV/AIDS, breast cancer, and PTSD. The impact of CLD patients’ biosocial activism on a scientific and sociological level is evaluated through an examination of the publications of CLD support networks and biomedical research publications. CLD biosocial activism has resulted in more patient-centered research endeavours, etiological proof of CLD, improved diagnostic technologies, and new treatment protocols. These biomedical results have implications for improved CLD patient health outcomes and credibility for CLD as a legitimate disease on a biological and sociological level.
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EXPLORING CRITICAL CONSCIOUSNESS, FACILITATING BLACK LIBERATIONMosley, Della V. 01 January 2018 (has links)
The current study aimed to uncover processes and experiences that led individuals to critically engage in racial justice activism, specifically the Black Lives Matter movement. A constructivist grounded theory approach was utilized under critical-ideological and Black feminist paradigms in order to build a practical theory related to developing critical consciousness about oppression facing the Black community. Black activists in the movement between the ages of 23 and 60 (N=12) participated in intensive individual interviews. The result of the study is a co-constructed theory of racial justice activism development (the Critical Consciousness of Anti-Black Racism [CCABR] model) that can be used to increase psychopolitical wellness for Black people. In this model, developing CCABR started with witnessing ABR, required three interconnected methods of processing ABR to increase agency, and led to critical action against ABR. Results indicated that CCABR is a cyclical process through which each of the stages build upon and support one another. The CCABR model is discussed with respect to how it converges with, diverges from, and expands upon extant literature. Recommendations and implications associated with the CCABR model are delineated.
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TAKING A KNEE: AN INTERPRETIVE STUDY ON PRINT NEWS COVERAGE OF THE COLIN KAEPERNICK PROTESTSCostello, Kriston 01 June 2019 (has links)
This study addresses the media depiction of professional athletes involvement in protest and its impact for public consumption. This paper will further seek to analyze the role of social media and its framing of political protest specifically within professional sports. The purpose of this research is to study the progression in professional athletes’ participation in protest and through textual analysis aim to understand how newspapers frame an athlete’s message. The more recent study that will be used as a frame of reference is the newspaper coverage on the Kaepernick protest and the dual relationship that the local/national media and social media had in its framing and impact on sports and society. There is existing work that has focused on the up’s and down’s for African Americans in sports, but those sources only highlight small political protest in professional sports without highlighting newspaper coverage. This study will display through three top nationally circulated newspaper companies (and the top circulated newspaper in San Francisco where the Kaepernick protest started) how the media illustrates protest and the reaction to protest through the lens of social media.
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The Efficacy of Virtual Protest: Linking Digital Tactics to Outcomes in Activist CampaignsJames, Rina Lynne 19 June 2017 (has links)
Activists are increasingly relying on online tactics and digital tools to address social issues. This shift towards reliance on the Internet has been shown to have salient implications for social movement formation processes; however, the effectiveness of such actions for achieving specific goals remains largely unaddressed. This study explores how the types of Internet activism and digital tools used by activism campaigns relate to success in meeting stated goals. To address these questions, the study builds on an existing framework that distinguishes between four distinct types of Internet activism: brochure-ware, which is oriented towards information distribution; e-mobilizations, which treats digital media merely as a tool for mobilizing individuals offline; online participation, which is characterized by wholly online actions such as e-petitions or virtual protests; and online organizing, where organization of a movement takes place exclusively via the internet with no face-to-face coordination by organizers.
Ordinal regression models were conducted utilizing cross-sectional data from the Global Digital Activism Data Set (GDADS), a compilation of information on 426 activism campaigns from around the world that began between 2010 and 2012; additional data regarding the types of Internet activism used was also appended to the GDADS using source materials provided within the data set. The findings suggest that use of the Internet for mobilizing offline actions is negatively associated with campaign success, but that this does not hold true for protest actions organized without use of digital tools. E-petition use was also found to be negatively related to achievement of campaign goals.
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College student activism: an exploration of learning outcomesRosas, Marisela 01 May 2010 (has links)
Long has been the charge by society for college and universities to produce more engaged citizenship. Institutional initiatives on civic engagement have focused on community service and service-learning initiatives to meet this demand. The existing literature, therefore, is reflective of these civic engagement involvements and outcomes. Little research is conducted on another form of civic engagement, activism. The existing literature on student activism focuses on the student activists of the 1960s. This study intends to address the gaps in the literature related to activism. Specifically, the purpose of this study was to identify the learning outcomes associated with student participation in activism
Data from the Higher Education Research Institute's surveys, the 1999 Student Information Form (SIF) and the 2003 College Student Survey (CSS), were used in this study. Multiple regression, along with logistic regression, were used.
The results of this study provide some noteworthy findings that improve our understanding of activism and its effect on the learning outcomes of undergraduate students. In addition, this study provides a number of implications for student affairs practice and future research.
Student activism has a long and rich history in our colleges and universities and will continue to have a place in our institutions of higher learning. This study reveals that activism is an active part of students' learning experiences while in college. This study supports the notion that (a) learning outcomes are associated with involvement in college student activism, (b) involvements do make a difference, (c) faculty and peer relationships matter, (d) curricular and co-curricular experiences, and (d) gender and ethnicity in activism is worth exploring
The examination of specific learning outcomes associated with activism provides student affairs professionals and higher education research and policy-makers a better understanding of what students gain from their activism. In addition, the results of this study contribute to the body of knowledge on the role of college involvements in developing an action-oriented citizen.
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Endurance activism: transcontinental walking, the great peace march and the politics of movement cultureTePoel, Dain 01 August 2018 (has links)
On March 1, 1986, 1,200 activists set out from Los Angeles on a walk across the United States to call for an end to nuclear weapons. Within two weeks, a few hundred remained. They reorganized as the Great Peace March for Global Nuclear Disarmament and successfully completed the nine-month, 3,325-mile walk to Washington, D.C. Two central questions guide this work: What is the relationship between long-distance walking and the politics of social movements? To what extent does “endurance” shape meanings of the March’s related but twin goals: the building of a collective, or “prefigurative” community, and a mass movement capable of attaining media coverage and achieving concrete, or “strategic” political outcomes?
This study utilizes historical analysis, semi-structured interviews, and discourse analysis of print news media to apprehend different perspectives on long-distance walks and the Great Peace March. This project provides a multilayered account of the historical and cultural roots of long-distance walks for sociopolitical change, the March’s origins and organization, marchers’ understandings of their participation, and media representations of the March. It also examines Jamie Schultz’s categorization of “physical activism” in combination with “prefigurative politics,” of which Wini Breines claims the central task is to create and sustain within the live practice of the movement, relationships and political forms that ‘prefigured’ and embodied the desired society. The result is a more nuanced understanding of the ways physicality and endurance constitute a significant aspect of participation in social movements.
This dissertation coins the term “endurance activism” as the articulation of endurance physical feats with political activism. The Great Peace March illustrates how social movement participants undertook endurance actions to communicate arduous and strenuous work for the cause. This project finds that endurance, physically, but also symbolically and metaphorically signifies particular meanings of movement for social movements such as persistence, focus, and determination to stretch limits and push boundaries. The marchers sought to accomplish a difficult physical challenge and maintain the solidarity of their community to analogize the coming into existence of their campaign’s equally extraordinary vision for denuclearization.
The marchers experienced and communicated endurance to stress their movement as an act that has no end, and to solidify perceptions of themselves as lifelong activists. Their emphasis on endurance highlights the importance of the means of lasting work for social and political change that are valued in and of themselves. This study finds that collective effort and striving are crucial qualities that build solidarity in social movements, while also signaling the necessity of ongoing work for the cause and the forging of another way forward.
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La contestation institutionnalisée : sociologie d'un parti d'opposition en contexte autoritaire : le cas du Front des forces socialistes algérien / Institutionalised contention : sociology of an opposition party in an authoritarian context : the Algerian Front des forces socialistesBaamara, Layla 09 June 2017 (has links)
À rebours des lectures fonctionnalistes et du rôle de « façade démocratique » souvent prêté aux partis d’opposition en contexte autoritaire, cette thèse étudie les logiques endogènes et exogènes des processus d’institutionnalisation de la contestation en Algérie. À partir d’une enquête menée entre 2009 et 2013 auprès de militants et dirigeants du FFS à Alger, Béjaïa et Tizi-Ouzou, ce travail éclaire à la fois les luttes et les conflits qui fragilisent l’organisation et les processus de (re)production du lien partisan qui favorisent sa perpétuation. Fondé au lendemain de l’indépendance de l’Algérie et communément qualifié de « plus vieux parti d’opposition », le Front des forces socialistes (FFS) se maintient depuis plus de cinquante ans. Contraint d’opérer dans la clandestinité sous le régime de parti unique (1962-1989), ce parti a été légalisé après l’adoption du pluralisme partisan en 1989. Depuis lors, il participe – bien que de manière variable – à la compétition politique. En explorant les pratiques partisanes oppositionnelles au concret avec une approche relationnelle, la thèse analyse comment la trajectoire du FFS s’inscrit à la fois dans l’espace protestataire et dans l’espace politique institutionnel. Elle questionne les tensions et les mises à l’épreuve que génère cette double inscription et montre ainsi comment une organisation partisane se perpétue en restant dans l’opposition dans des configurations de pouvoir ne permettant pas l’alternance / Established in the aftermath of Algeria's independence and commonly referred to as the "oldest opposition party", the Front des Forces Socialistes (FFS) has existed for more than fifty years. Forced to operate clandestinely throughout the single-party regime (1962-1989), this party was legalized after the adoption of party pluralism in 1989. Since then, it has participated - albeit in variable ways - to the political competition. How does a party perpetuates itself by remaining in the opposition within power configurations that prevent political change? Contrarily to functionalist approaches and the role of "democratic façade" often attributed to opposition parties in authoritarian contexts, this dissertation examines the endogenous and exogenous logics of protest institutionalization. By exploring partisan opposition practices with a relational approach, this work analyzes how the FFS trajectory incorporates the protest space as well as the institutional political space. It questions the tensions and the challenges generated by this double inscription. Based on fieldwork carried out between 2009 and 2013 with FFS activists and leaders in Algiers, Béjaïa and Tizi-Ouzou, the dissertation sheds light on both the struggles and conflicts that weaken the organization and processes of (re)production of the partisan link that favour its perpetuation
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Aphra Behn on the Contemporary Stage: Behn's Feminist Legacy and Woman-Directed Revivals of <em>The Rover</em>Stodard, Nicole Elizabeth 15 November 2017 (has links)
This study theorizes the origins and history of the professional female playwright and director from the Restoration period to the present day through the stage history of Behn's most popular play, The Rover. Part one is comprised of two chapters: the first in this section argues the importance of appreciating Behn's proto-directorial function in the Restoration theatre and her significance to the history of feminism and women in professional theatre; the second chapter in this section examines the implications of casting practices and venue changes to eighteenth-century revivals of Behn's canon with a particular eye towards what a contemporary director can glean from 18th century revivals. Part II draws on archival research and personal interviews with directors, actors, and dramaturges to examine the historical significance of two particular twentieth-century, woman-directed revivals of The Rover: the 1989 revival at the Goodman directed by Kyle Donnelly and the 1994 revival at the Guthrie directed by Joanne Akalaitis. This study argues the synergistic impact at the time of woman-directed revivals of the most popular play by the first professional female playwright to the emergence of the professional woman director in America in the 1980s and 1990s. Part III consists of three chapters that examine woman-directed revivals of The Rover against the backdrop of theatre practice and sexual politics in the 2000s: one chapter analyzes cross-gender revivals of The Rover by Queen's Company in Brooklyn, NY (2001) and Woman's Will in San Francisco (2003); the next chapter examines a 2011 site-specific, panoramic production of The Rover at the World Financial Center directed by Karin Coonrod for New York Classical Theatre; the final chapter in this section analyzes a 2013 gender parodic production that I directed for Thinking Cap Theatre in Fort Lauderdale. This study argues for the importance of contemporary archiving and revival activism to historicizing the concept of the glass curtain and the gender parity movement in professional theatre and to improving the rate of employment of female directors and playwrights.
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Star Power, Pandemics, and Politics: The Role of Cultural Elites in Global Health SecuritySwayne, Holly Lynne 24 September 2018 (has links)
Celebrities have historically served a variety of roles in society ranging from the inspirational to the cautionary, utilizing their platforms of visibility to promote themselves, their work, as well as their social and political causes. This study focuses on celebrities as activists engaging with global health issues, with particular attention to the form this engagement takes, the publicity it receives in the mass media, and the types of global health issues that receive the most celebrity attention. An interdisciplinary approach drawing from theories of power, social movement theory, agenda-setting, and cultural studies is used to achieve greater understanding of underlying components of the framework within which this activism exists.
Guiding this research is the primary question, “How do cultural elites prominent in U.S. media impact global health security?”, where the specific subset of cultural elites examined are the most influential Hollywood celebrity actors in film. A series of secondary research questions provide insight on the multiple dimensions of celebrity influence and impact in the context of global health security. Specifically, how does celebrity activism affect global health security discourses? What “truths” are created by celebrity activism in global health? Finally, are the issues these celebrities are advocating for, the most pressing global health concerns?
Utilizing a mixed-methods approach (quantitative-qualitative-quantitative), I demonstrate the most frequent forms of celebrity engagement with their affiliated global health organizations, as well as the media attention devoted to this engagement in the most prominent U.S. newspapers. Furthermore, I offer empirical evidence of how global health engagement of the most influential celebrities compares to the most pressing global health concerns, as expressed through an analysis of the global health issues that claim the most lives globally. Results demonstrate the most effective application of celebrity resources, and determine whether celebrities can be differently situated for greater impact in global health security overall.
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