Com a competição entre as empresas cada vez mais acirrada, os investidores exigindo cada vez mais retorno, a busca por maior eficiência, levam as empresas a procurarem manter-se atualizadas a novas tecnologias de produção e gestão, incluindo o controle dos seus custos, para maximização dos resultados e gestão dos preços. Neste sentido este trabalho tratará conceitualmente as metodologias de Custeio Baseado em Atividade - ABC e Gestão Baseado em Atividade - ABM, apresentará o avanço destas metodologias até o Custeio Baseado em Atividade e Tempo – TDABC, apresentos por Kaplan e Anderson a partir de 2004. Baseado na sugestão dos autores, e nos exemplos analisados nas empresas ATB Financial, Citigroup e Kemps, foi desenvolvida uma proposta de modelo de implantação, através de fases e etapas, a serem realizadas para a implementação da metodologia TDABC nas organizações. O diferencial do TDABC entre as demais metodologias de custeio, é a flexibilidade que o modelo permite com a utilização das equações de tempo. O presente modelo pode contribuir para que qualquer empresa inicie e implemente um projeto de Sistema de Custos TDABC em toda a organização. / The competition between companies increasingly, investors increasingly demanding return, the search for greater efficiency, companies seek to keep updated of new production technologies and management, including the control of their costs, to maximize results and price management. In this sense this work conceptually treat the methodologies of Activity Based Costing - ABC and Activity Based Management - ABM, will present the progress of these methodologies to the Activity Based Costing and Time - TDABC, presented by Kaplan and Anderson from 2004. Based on the suggestion of the authors, and the examples analyzed in companies ATB Financial, Citigroup and Kemps, was developed a proposed model through phases and steps to be taken to implement the methodology TDABC in organizations. The differential between TDABC other costing methodologies, is the flexibility that allows the model using the equations of time. This model, presented as implementation phases, can help any business to start and implement a project system TDABC costs across the organization.

Ao longo dos anos o desenvolvimento foi tratado apenas sob o aspecto econômico. Sob essa visão não havia limites para o crescimento. Porém, o esgotamento de alguns recursos e as crises que os sucederam, o aumento de acidentes ecológicos e conseqüente agravamento dos problemas ambientais, impulsionou a sociedade e os organismos que a representam a cobrar maior responsabilidade ambiental das organizações. Essa nova postura mundial impôs às empresas a incorporação em suas estratégias, além do fator econômico, também o fator ambiental como uma necessidade para garantir sua sobrevivência. Apesar da constatação da importância dos Sistemas de Gestão Ambiental e de sua incorporação por um grande número de empresas, são muito incipientes os efeitos alcançados pelos instrumentos utilizados para sua promoção, em especial os instrumentos de controle. Isso se deve especialmente pela não percepção do quanto a questão ambiental influencia na questão econômica das empresas. A gestão ambiental como qualquer prática administrativa requer instrumentos que possibilitem informações confiáveis. Este trabalho objetiva testar a utilização do custeio baseado em atividades como ferramenta para geração de elementos necessários à gestão ambiental. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um modelo para aplicação em uma área-piloto de um curtume. A escolha da empresa deu-se em função do alto nível de rejeitos gerados e por fazer uso de produtos químicos e de água limpa em seu processo produtivo. As conclusões deste estudo demonstram que o custeio ABC é um instrumento capaz de gerar informações úteis à Gestão Ambiental. / Throughout the years the development was treated only under the economic aspect. Analyzing in this way, the growth didn’t have limits. However, the exhaustion of some resources and the crises that had succeeded them, the increase of ecological accidents and as a result of that the worsening of the environmental problems, caused a boost in a society and the organisms that represent it. The community overcharges environmental responsibility of the organizations. This new world-wide view imposed to the companies the incorporation in its strategies, beyond the economic factor, also the environment factor as a necessity to assure its survival. Despite the observation of the importance of the Systems of Environmental Management and its incorporation for a great number of companies, the effects reached for the instruments used for its promotion are very beginning, in special the control instruments the effect reached for the instruments used for its promotion, in special the control instrument. It happens specially because of the lack of the perception of how the environment question influence in a economic question of the companies. The environment management as any practical administrative requires instruments that make possible trustworthy information. The purpose of this work is to test the use of the activity based costing as tool for generation of necessary elements the environment management. It was developed a model for application in tannery as an experimental area. The choice of the company was given in function of the high level of generated rejects and for making use of chemical products and clean water in its productive process. The conclusions of this study demonstrate that the ABC expenditure is an instrument capable to generate useful information to the Environment Management.

Orientador: Antonio Batocchio / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T12:07:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bigatto_BrunoValente_M.pdf: 10266302 bytes, checksum: 2f945cc11c8e92cfac9fb482c75092f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Um dos principais desafios da logística moderna é conseguir gerenciar a relação entre custo e nível de serviço (trade off). Assim, a má qualidade da informação de custos pode trazer uma série de distorções no processo controle de desempenho e de tomada de decisão. Tal situação se agrava quando se leva em consideração a competição em nível global por consumidores cada vez mais exigentes buscando produtos com elevada qualidade a preços competitivos em ambientes de alta proporção de custos indiretos e com grande segmentação de produtos e serviços. A filosofia do Custeio Baseado em Atividades, o ABC (Activity Based Costing), é uma alternativa que tem se mostrado eficiente, sobretudo neste cenário. Nos últimos anos, muitas empresas têm aprimorado seus sistemas de custeio, principalmente para fins gerenciais, através da aplicação desta metodologia. Segundo apontam as pesquisas, o ABC propicia maior acurácia no custeio do que os sistemas tradicionais. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem por intenção explorar a metodologia do ABC e seu uso no setor de logística através da tentativa de se aplicá-la em uma empresa, tipicamente, deste segmento. Para tal desenvolvimento, contou-se com a colaboração de um operador logístico estabelecido na cidade de Campinas que presta serviços (entre vários outros) para uma importante multinacional do setor automotivo. Neste estudo de caso, o processo estudado foi mapeado segundo a ferramenta Value Stream Mapping (VSM - Mapeamento da Cadeia de Valor) tendo sido possível levantar todas as suas atividades componentes, bem como os principais parâmetros de cada uma das atividades identificadas. Após o reconhecimento detalhado do processo, partiu-se para a aplicação do ABC para a determinação dos custos dos produtos relacionados ao processo em estudo. / Abstract: One of the main challenges of the modern logistics is managing the relation between cost and service level (trade off). So, a bad quality of cost information may produce a series of distortions to the performance control and decision processes. This situation become worse when a global competition for more exigent costumers looking for high quality products with competitive costs in a environment characterized by an strong concentration of the indirect costs and a great segmentation of products and services is considered. The Activity Based Costing philosophy is a promising alternative that shows to be effective, mainly in this scenario. In the latest years, many companies have been improved their costing systems, basically for managerial application, through the use of ABC. Through the years it has been proved that ABC promotes a better accuracy than the traditional costing system. In this sense, this work intends to explore the ABC methodology and its application in a third part logistic provider (3PL). To develop this project it has counted on the support of an 3PL established in Campinas/SP that provides logistics services to a important foreign company related to the automotive market. In this case study, the process analyzed was mapped through the application of the Value Stream Mapping (VSM). Using this technique it was able to identify all the activities related to the process in analysis and find the main parameters of these activities. After this step, the ABC was applied focusing the determination of the costs of the products related to the process being studied. / Mestrado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

ABC is a methodology for calculating of the costs of activities in the organizations. This methodology has a very precise explicitness on the actual used costs. ABC is a methodology that is used mainly in foreign corporations in the private ownership. Its use in the state and their subordinate organizations established in foreign companies is very small and almost not used in domestic organizations. Accurate knowledge of the costs of the various company activities could be crucial in the long term view and directs the organization to success or to failure. In the private sector are costing mechanisms set in different level, but in the public sector are largely neglected. This situation is mainly due to the fact that organizations are managed by hired managers and they are not owned by a private person (or persons) too. They are owned by the state, which functions as the manager is very poor. The current economic situation and changes are forcing organizations to think about the possibilities of using advanced management methods. These trends are captured not only in surveys, identified already as efforts superiors organizations to manage subordinate organizations, but also partially finalized projects in the state sphere. These projects reveal the interested of organizations to further detailed insights into the stream of costs and their final utilization. This dissertation summarizes the findings of ABC for the public sector in universities and research institutions. Summarizes the current status and position for the creation of the ABC model in practice. This thesis includes not only the methodology but also a practical example of the practices described step by step. The results of the calculation according to ABC provide detailed view of costs during the agenda execution and organization also on a detailed calculation of the output of the organization. Thanks to a detailed insight into structured calculation is allowed to lead their active management and positive influence on the future.

The master thesis deals with the analysis of the profitability of the sales channels of the Decodom company. The thesis primarily focuses on the Activity Based Costing technique for measuring the performance of the company sales channels. The main aim of the thesis is to analyse the informational ability of the costing system in the company and prepare and propose a cost model, based on the Activity Based Costing method. The goal is achieved by the analysis of the current state of the company, the proposal of a model based on the costs of activities and the proposal of a new cost model based on this method. The contribution of the sales channels in the form of a pilot project is evaluated in the thesis which is performed on a sample of the kitchen range of the Decoplan product line. The thesis is divided in to three parts: theoretical, practical and applied (pilot project). The contribution of the thesis is a new view of the profitability of the examined company and general conclusions from the research, which can potentially be used in companies with a similar business model.

De nombreuses recherches sont effectuées dans le domaine de la santé et concernent plus particulièrement les hôpitaux. Ceux-ci sont de vastes organisations et recensent de multiples métiers, de nombreuses activités autres que celle du soin apporté au patient. L’originalité de cette recherche consiste à se positionner vis-à-vis de l’une des fonctions support, la logistique hospitalière, et d’analyser en quoi celle-ci peut contribuer à l’amélioration de la performance financière de nos hôpitaux, ainsi qu’à la résolution des défis de nature économique qui lui sont posés. Cette thèse étudie d’abord comment définir et évaluer la performance logistique hospitalière. Elle analyse également les outils de gestion traitant de la performance logistique présents au sein des établissements de santé français. Suivent des monographies de nature exploratoire et une étude statistique auprès d'une centaine de responsables logistiques d’hôpitaux afin d’observer les pratiques développées et les difficultés rencontrées par ces professionnels. Nous appliquons enfin la méthode Time-Driven Activity Based Costing au service de transport d’un établissement ; des équations de temps nous permettent d’affiner les coûts et optimisent le contrôle de gestion opérationnel de l'activité logistique. Les réponses apportées par le contrôle de gestion aux lacunes observées au sein de la littérature et exprimées dans l’étude statistique sont analysées / A lot of researches have been done in the health sector and particularly about hospitals. These are large organizations which include different activities, many others than the care given to the patient. The originality of this research is to study a support activity, hospital logistics, and analyze how it can contribute to improve the financial performance and to solve economic challenges of our hospitals. This thesis studies how to define and evaluate the hospital logistics performance. It also analyzes the management tools dealing with logistics performance present in the French health institutions. Follow exploratory monographs and a statistical study with a hundred logistics managers of hospitals, to observe the practices developed and difficulties encountered by these professionals. Finally, we apply the Time-Driven Activity Based Costing method to the transportation service of one hospital; time equations allow us to refine costs and optimize operational management control of the logistics activity. The answers given by the management control to the gaps in the literature and expressed in the statistical study are analyzed

The purpose of the study was to investigate a modification of a managerial accounting technique, Activity-Based Costing (ABC), as a tool for addressing Information Resource Management (IRM) concerns within business processes. To indicate that ABC has been adapted for the IRM context, this study called the tool "Activity-Based Analysis" (ABA). ABA includes ABC's costing methodology as well as additional methods to address broader issues. The research method was a single-site case study at a property and casualty insurance company. The unit of analysis was a business process consisting of activities needed to provide claims handling services for workers' compensation insurance. Four questions guided the study: 1. Did ABA identify management information required to monitor process effectiveness and efficiency? 2. Did ABA support outsourcing decision making by identifying IRM cost components within business processes? 3. Did ABA identify information resources; that are sharable? 4. Did ABA identify differences between Company organizational characteristics andIRM department organizational characteristics?

The value of cost allocation comes from its initial purpose; decision support. In other words, cost allocation is considered a vital part of management, as it generates valuable information concerning efficiency and profitability. By applying Time Driven Activity Based Costing (TDABC) in a financial service company, this pilot study aims to learn from the consequences of the application, and discuss the lessons learned. The application resulted in a two-step allocation using Traditional Cost Allocation in the first step and TDABC in the final step, wherethe overhead cost of four support departments were allocated down to products. To build the model, interviews were conducted with personnel and internal documents were used. The application's most important lessons are thedifficultyofidentifying and measuring activities, the model’s requirement of high-quality data and the complexity of the capacity measures.

The diploma thesis deals with the demonstration of the influence of the allocation method of common costs on the own production evaluation in an industrial company; which means the assessment of traditional allocation methods of common costs and alternative application (modern) method of cost allocation methods for using Activity-Based Costing in the metalworking industry. The literature review introduces concepts of cost, traditional calculation methods, modern cost alloca-tion methods and their comparison. Literature review is followed by the survey, on the basis of which has been found a representative group to which the comparison of traditional and modern methods will be implemented in practice. Finally, the conclusion states it is appropriate to use the modern method for companies in the metalworking industry and what impact has the allocation method of common costs for the economic activities.

In the aviation industry, purchasing departments spend approximately 80% of revenues on procurement. Additionally, 62% of companies experience unforeseen expenses or hidden costs in the procurement process. Grounded in a conceptual framework of activity-based costing, the purpose of this case study was to explore strategies used by 5 upper-level supply chain management leaders at a maintenance repair and overhaul company in the aviation industry in the Southeastern United States to accurately forecast procurement costs. Data collection included 5 semistructured interviews, company documents, and annual reports. Through thematic analysis, the major themes that emerged from the data analysis were accuracy, competitive advantage, improved corporate performance, and improved total cost analysis. The findings may contribute to social change in the Southeastern region of the United States. The aviation industry is experiencing competition from low-cost countries and the economy of the region and hundreds of families and educational institutions depend on the success of the companies in the region for sustainability.