Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:47:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aide Angelica de Oliveira.pdf: 1600559 bytes, checksum: 051769c33fc4500eb613791d0da961d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The practice of aquatic physical activity for the elderly is an important and strategic topic for both people, as in social terms. Among the aquatic physical activities, water aerobics has been receiving an increasing number of fans contributing, and when offered in a proper manner, to the improvement of the quality of life and for the rescue of the autonomy of the elderly. In water aerobics is the theme of this essay. This is a descriptive and exploratory study that aimed to investigate the relationship between aging, aquatic physical activity (gym) and the quality of life among the elderly. The research was developed in the Municipal sports Center located in Caieiras SP. The study population was made up of 100 subject, with equal or greater age of 60 years and practitioners of water aerobics for at least one year. For quantitative data collection was used a questionnaire covering personal and socioeconomic data; These data were collected through semi-structured interviews which had the objective of deepening aspects related to the regular practice of this kind of physical activity, the choice of the place and the perception of the subject about quality of life . Quantitative data were organized and worked by means of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows. As for the interviews, Bardin (2009) provided the framework for the analysis of the content (AC) of the lines of the subjects. Among the subjects, the predominant age was 60 to 69 years. On the other hand, the prevalence of women was significant (86%). These data were added to the collection of information about education, income, occupation, retirement, family status, marital status, religion, leisure and health conditions. The analysis of the data revealed not only the benefits of physical activity for the elderly population, as the importance of a multidisciplinary work / A prática da atividade física aquática para idosos é um tema relevante e estratégico, tanto para as pessoas, como em termos sociais. Dentre as atividades físicas aquáticas, a hidroginástica vem recebendo um número crescente de adeptos contribuindo, cada vez mais e quando oferecida de forma adequada, para a melhoria da qualidade de vida e para o resgate da autonomia dos idosos. Na hidroginástica situa-se o tema dessa dissertação. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório que teve por objetivo investigar a relação entre o envelhecimento, a atividade física aquática (hidroginástica) e a qualidade de vida entre idosos. A investigação foi desenvolvida no Centro Esportivo Municipal localizado na cidade de Caieiras-SP. A população deste estudo foi composta por 100 sujeitos, com idade igual ou maior de 60 anos e praticantes de hidroginástica há pelo menos um ano. Para a coleta de dados quantitativa foi utilizado um questionário contemplando dados pessoais e socioeconômicos; estes dados foram obtidos através de entrevistas semiestruturadas que tiveram o objetivo de aprofundar aspectos relacionados à prática regular desta modalidade de atividade física, à escolha do local e à percepção dos sujeitos sobre qualidade de vida . Os dados quantitativos foram organizados e trabalhados por meio do programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows. Quanto às entrevistas, Bardin (2009) forneceu os referenciais para a análise do conteúdo (AC) das falas dos sujeitos. Entre os sujeitos, a faixa etária predominante foi de 60 a 69 anos. Por outro lado, a predominância das mulheres foi expressiva (86%). A estes dados somou-se a coleta de informações sobre escolaridade, renda, ocupação, aposentadoria, condição na família, estado civil, religião, lazer e condições de saúde. A análise dos dados revelou não só os benefícios desta atividade física para a população idosa, como a importância um trabalho multidisciplinar

INTRODUCTION: Ageing is a process that causes organic and functional alterations, compromising elements from perceptual-motive, physical, and cognitive capabilities, that can interfere in the occupational performance of elderly people. However, physical exercises, such as water aerobics, have positive effects in the biological, psychological, and social aspects, especially in the search for an active ageing. OBJECTIVE: The main goal of this study is to analyze the perceptual-motive, physical, and cognitive capabilities, as well as the occupational performance of elderly people who practice water aerobics and the possible correlations between the variables. METHODOLOGY: In order to do that, individuals aged 60 years old or older, associated to the Physical Activities Project for Elderly Water Aerobics , from the Physical Education and Sports Center of the Federal University of Santa Maria, were selected. For the descriptive analysis of data, mean and standard deviation were used, and the correlation of Pearson and Multivariate Analysis were used to identify the correlations between the variables. RESULTS: Through the descriptive analysis of the variables, it was noticed that the simple reaction time for visual stimuli is faster than the auditory stimuli; that the dominant hand presents better fine motor skills and higher manual gripping force; besides the perception of satisfaction being better than the occupational performance itself. In the multivariate analysis, it was noticed a stronger correlation between the elements of precision of arm-hand movement, followed by the correlation between simple reaction time and cognitive functions (attention and concentration). In this study, there was also a significant correlation between the performance and the satisfaction of elderly (r=000.7 and p ≥0,001). The most problematic area of performance was self-care, especially because of the difficulty in functional mobility, and the practice of another physical exercise as active recreation was mentioned as the most important problem-activity in leisure area. CONCLUSION: With this study, it was possible to investigate the behavior of the perceptive-motive capabilities: fine motor skills, reaction time, and peripheral perception; the cognitive capabilities: attention and concentration; the manual gripping-force; besides evaluating the occupational development of elderly who practice water aerobics and the relation between those variables. / INTRODUÇÃO: O envelhecimento é um processo que causa alterações orgânicas e funcionais, comprometendo elementos das capacidades perceptivo-motoras, físicas e cognitivas, podendo interferir no desempenho ocupacional do idoso. No entanto, exercícios físicos, como a hidroginástica, tem efeitos positivos nos aspectos biológicos, psicológicos e sociais, principalmente na busca por um envelhecimento ativo. OBJETIVO: O objetivo principal do estudo foi analisar as capacidades perceptivo-motoras, físicas e cognitivas, bem como o desempenho ocupacional de idosos praticantes de hidroginástica, e as possíveis correlações entre as variáveis. METODOLOGIA: O estudo caracteriza-se como método quantitativo, do tipo descritivo correlacional. Para tanto, foram selecionados indivíduos com idades igual ou superior a 60 anos, vinculados ao Projeto de Atividades Físicas da Terceira Idade - hidroginástica do Centro de Educação Física e Desportos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Para análise descritiva dos dados, utilizou-se média e desvio padrão, e a correlação de Pearson e a Análise Multivariada para identificação das correlações entre as variáveis. RESULTADOS: Houve a elaboração de dois artigos: um artigo realizado através da análise multivariada com correlação de variáveis da coordenação motora fina, tempo de reação simples, percepção periférica, força de preensão manual, desempenho ocupacional e condição cognitiva; já o outro artigo tem como ênfase uma análise descritiva do desempenho ocupacional dos idosos e a correlação das áreas do desempenho ocupacional com desempenho e satisfação na realização de atividades cotidianas. Por meio da análise descritiva das variáveis, percebe-se que o tempo de reação simples para estímulo visual é mais rápido do que o estímulo auditivo; que a mão de dominância apresenta melhor coordenação motora fina e maior força de preensão manual; e que a percepção da satisfação é melhor que o próprio desempenho ocupacional. Na análise multivariada, percebe-se uma correlação forte entre elementos da precisão do movimento do braço-mão, seguida da correlação entre tempo de reação simples e funções cognitivas - atenção e concentração. No estudo, também houve uma correlação significativa entre o desempenho e a satisfação dos idosos (r = 0,770 e p ≥0,001). A área com mais problemas no desempenho foi a de autocuidado, principalmente pela dificuldade na mobilidade funcional, e a prática de outro exercício físico como recreação ativa foi mencionada como a atividade-problema mais importante na área do lazer. CONCLUSÃO: Com o estudo, foi possível investigar o comportamento das capacidades perceptivo-motoras: coordenação motora fina, tempo de reação e percepção periférica; a capacidade cognitiva: atenção e concentração; a força de preensão manual; além de avaliar o desempenho ocupacional de idosos praticantes de hidroginástica e a relação entre estas variáveis.

Title: The Assessment of the Impact of the Sports Aerobics on the Postural Stabilization of the girls aged 8 to 10 years Definition of the problem: This thesis deals with testing of the postural stabilization and also deals with detection of the occurrence of hypermobility in two groups of girls aged 8-10 years. The first group consist of girls that do sports aerobics and second group consist of girls that do not do any sport. Objectives: In the theoretical part I will devote a summary of findings on the development of postural security, with motor development and motor learning and also very briefly the hypermobility. The aim is to verify if the sports aerobics has a formative influence on postural stabilization of girls at a school age. I examine if the high training load at this early age leads to changes in postural motor skills in terms of its positive or negative influence. Furthermore, the research confirms the higher incidence of hypermobility among athletes. Methods: Selection of the research group on a voluntary basis and according to predetermined criteria. Practical testing of children assembled using two test batteries. Statistical data processing (Student's t-test, Spearman's correlation coefficient). Comparing the results between the two groups of girls. Results: Two test sets...

TITLE: Analysis of variability and difficulty of elements in sports aerobics performances- seniors women (European championship 2014, 2017, 2019) AUTHOR: Bc. Tereza Čadová DEPARTMENT: Department of physical education SUPERVISOR: PaedDr. Jana Hájková ABSTRACT: The main aim of this diploma work was to analyse sports aerobic¨s choreographies regarding the difficulty, variability and comparing the results. The analysis focused on the final choreographies of the six best women contestants in the Europe's Championship in 2014, 2017 and 2019 using the observant, analysis and result comparison method. This analysis followed criteria which was given in advance. In the conclusion the analysis results are defined anh show that the choreographies hasn't improved technically in the along the analysed years. KEYWORDS: Sports aerobics, technical index, variability, analysis, elemenst of difficulty

El presente trabajo de investigación desarrolla el análisis de la viabilidad del proyecto Centro de Bienestar R.I.E., una empresa dedicada a brindar los servicios de clases virtuales de ejercicios y de relajación, dirigido exclusivamente para personas mayores de 60 años. Este proyecto pretende atender la necesidad del cuidado de la salud física y emocional del adulto mayor en nuestro país; quienes debido al contexto actual de la crisis sanitaria, generado por la pandemia del COVID-19, ha sido identificado como parte de la población vulnerable frente a este virus. Es así que, esta idea de negocio le brindará la opción a este segmento de contratar los servicios de clases virtuales, a través de membresías, para que desde la comodidad de su hogar puedan mantener una rutina física que los ayude a mantener un buen estado físico. En principio, el proyecto está dirigido al NSE A y B del segmento y que residen en Lima Metropolitana; sin embargo, se proyecta una expansión gradual a nivel nacional para el segundo año y tercer año de operaciones. De acuerdo con la investigación del mercado, la viabilidad del proyecto, según el análisis respectivo, presenta resultados favorables para los tres años de horizonte planteados, con una tasa de porcentaje de retorno de inversión, lo cual demuestra que el proyecto tiene grandes probabilidades de éxito. / This research work develops the analysis of the viability of the R.I.E. Wellness Center Project, a company dedicated to providing virtual exercise and relaxation lessons services, aimed exclusively for people over 60 years old. This project aims to meet the need for physical and emotional health care of the elderly in our country; who, due to the current context of the health crisis, generated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has been identified as part of the population vulnerable to this virus. Thus, this business idea will give this segment the option of hiring the services of virtual classes, through memberships, so that from the comfort of their home they can maintain a physical routine that helps them maintain a good physical condition. At the beginning of the project, the socioeconomic level is aimed at A and B of the segment who reside in Metropolitan Lima; however, a gradual expansion at the national level is projected for the second and third years of operations. According to market research, the viability of the project, according to the respective analysis, presents favorable results for the three-year horizon proposed, with a% rate of return on investment, which shows that the project has a high probability of success. / Trabajo de investigación

The paper presents a program of initial training of athletes in fitness aerobics, taking into account the peculiarities of organizing work with children in the club at the place of residence. A development of a practical section of the program takes particular attention. This section includes the most important program components necessary for the formation of a basic level of training and reflecting the specifics of the sport. The developed initial training program was tested and showed an increase in sports performance of team members. In addition, trainers in training athletes can use it at the initial stage of training in institutions of additional education. / В работе представлена программа начальной подготовки спортсменов в фитнес-аэробике, учитывающая особенности организации работы с детьми в клубе по месту жительства. Особое внимание уделено разработке практического раздела программы. В данный раздел включены наиболее важные компоненты программы, необходимые для формирования базового уровня подготовки и отражающие специфику вида спорта. Разработанная программа начальной подготовки апробирована и показала рост спортивных показателей членов команды. И может использоваться тренерами при подготовке спортсменов на начальном этапе подготовки в учреждениях дополнительного образования.

This thesis proposes a novel approach to extracting pose information from image sequences. Current state of the art techniques focus exclusively on the image space occupied by the body for pose and action recognition. The method proposed here, however, focuses on the negative spaces: the areas surrounding the individual. This has resulted in the colour-coded negative space approach, an image preprocessing step that circumvents the need for complicated model fitting or template matching methods. The approach can be described as follows: negative spaces surrounding the human silhouette are extracted using horizontal and vertical scanning processes. These negative space areas are more numerous, and undergo more radical changes in shape than the single area occupied by the figure of the person performing an action. The colour-coded negative space representation is formed using the four binary images produced by the scanning processes. Features are then extracted from the colour-coded images. These are based on the percentage of area occupied by distinct coloured regions as well as the bounding box proportions. Pose clusters are identified using feedback from an independent action set. Subsequent images are classified using a simple Euclidean distance measure. An image sequence is thus temporally segmented into its corresponding pose representations. Action recognition simply becomes the detection of a temporally ordered sequence of poses that characterises the action. The method is purely vision-based, utilising monocular images with no need for body markers or special clothing. Two datasets were constructed using several actors performing different poses and actions. Some of these actions included actors waving their arms, sitting down or kicking a leg. These actions were recorded against a monochrome background to simplify the segmentation of the actors from the background. The actions were then recorded on DV cam and digitised into a data base. The silhouette images from these actions were isolated and placed in a frame or bounding box. The next step was to highlight the negative spaces using a directional scanning method. This scanning method colour-codes the negative spaces of each action. What became immediately apparent is that very distinctive colour patterns formed for different actions. To emphasise the action, different colours were allocated to negative spaces surrounding the image. For example, the space between the legs of an actor standing in a T - pose with legs apart would be allocated yellow, while the space below the arms were allocated different shades of green. The space surrounding the head would be different shades of purple. During an action when the actor moves one leg up in a kicking fashion, the yellow colour would increase. Inversely, when the actor closes his legs and puts them together, the yellow colour filling the negative space would decrease substantially. What also became apparent is that these coloured negative spaces are interdependent and that they influence each other during the course of an action. For example, when an actor lifts one of his legs, increasing the yellow-coded negative space, the green space between that leg and the arm decreases. This interrelationship between colours hold true for all poses and actions as presented in this thesis. In terms of pose recognition, it is significant that these colour coded negative spaces and the way the change during an action or a movement are substantial and instantly recognisable. Compare for example, looking at someone lifting an arm as opposed to seeing a vast negative space changing shape. In a controlled research environment, several actors were instructed to perform a number of different actions. After colour coding the negative spaces, it became apparent that every action can be recognised by a unique colour coded pattern. The challenge is to ascribe a numerical presentation, a mathematical quotation, to extract the essence of what is so visually apparent. The essence of pose recognition and it's measurability lies in the relationship between the colours in these negative spaces and how they impact on each other during a pose or an action. The simplest way of measuring this relationship is by calculating the percentage of each colour present during an action. These calculated percentages become the basis of pose and action recognition. By plotting these percentages on a graph confirms that the essence of these different actions and poses can in fact been captured and recognised. Despite variations in these traces caused by time differences, personal appearance and mannerisms, what emerged is a clear recognisable pattern that can be married to an action or different parts of an action. 7 Actors might lift their left leg, some slightly higher than others, some slower than others and these variations in terms of colour percentages would be recorded as a trace, but there would be very specific stages during the action where the traces would correspond, making the action recognisable.In conclusion, using negative space as a tool in human pose and tracking recognition presents an exiting research avenue because it is influenced less by variations such as difference in personal appearance and changes in the angle of observation. This approach is also simplistic and does not rely on complicated models and templates