Esta dissertação de mestrado teve por objeto de estudo e pesquisa um fator preponderante da aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira: a necessidade de comunicação. Nesse sentido, a produção oral entre os interlocutores é fundamental para o êxito da aquisição da performance lingüística no novo idioma. No entanto, alguns aprendizes-adultos mostram-se bloqueados no momento da oralização, o que lhes acarreta um duplo dano: aquele que atinge a dimensão da interação social e um outro, que afeta a sua identidade pessoal e de aprendiz. Ao buscar compreender o silêncio demonstrado por um grupo de alunos universitários, iniciantes completos em língua francesa, constatamos que crenças profundamente cristalizadas sobre o ensino/aprendizagem de língua estrangeira, bem como fatores psico-sócio-afetivos surgem como possíveis indícios da não verbalização. As considerações preliminares, obtidas por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa junto a esses aprendizes, nos levaram a crer na necessidade imperiosa de uma mudança de comportamento por parte desses aprendizes-adultos, a fim de que pudessem pôr em prática, através de suas características individuais, as estratégias necessárias para suplantar os conflitos psico-sócio-afetivos ou de resistência às mudanças e, assim, desenvolver a expressão oral. A pesquisa prática consistiu na criação de um curso de apoio experimental, ministrado durante dois semestres a esses aprendizes-adultos com dificuldade. As aulas foram anotadas em forma de diários reflexivos e as discussões mantidas com os aprendizes, devidamente registradas por escrito. Com esses instrumentos de pesquisa, pudemos identificar os bloqueios de ordem psico-sócio-afetiva que limitavam a expressão oral, interação e, finalmente, a aprendizagem desses alunos. Mediante essa dinâmica, observamos que, não somente os esforços dos aprendizes com dificuldade são considerados relevantes, mas de todo o grupo8 classe, ressaltando-se a necessidade de um comprometimento do professor com cada aprendiz, bem como com o ensino/aprendizagem, buscando juntos o crescimento e aprimoramento de todos. / This dissertation had as research and study object one prevalent factor in foreign language learning: the need to communicate. In this sense, the oral production between the conversationalists is fundamental to the success of the linguistic performance acquisition in the new idiom. However, some adult learners showed themselves blocked up in the moment of oralizing what causes them a double damage: the one that hits the social interaction and another that affects their personal and as a learner identity. When trying to understand the silence shown by a group of university students, complete beginners in French language, it was verified that deeply crystallized beliefs about the teaching/learning of foreign language, as well as psycho-socio-affective factors appear possibly in a cause-effect relationship to the non-oralizing. The preliminary considerations, obtained by means of a qualitative research with these learners, led us to believe in the imperious need of a behaviour change by these adult learners, in order to be able to accomplish, through their individual characteristics, the necessary strategies to overcome the psycho-socioaffective conflicts or resistance to the changes and in this way develop the oral expression. The research consisted in the creation of an experimental aid course, ministrated during two semesters to these adult learners showing difficulty. The classes where note taken in form of reflexive diaries, and the discussions maintained with the learners, appropriately registered by writing. With these research instruments it was possible to identify the psycho-socio-affective order block up that where limiting the oral expression, interaction and finally the learning by these students. Through that dynamic, it was observed that not only the efforts of these learners with difficulties are considered relevant, but of all the group-class, standing out the need of a commitment of the teacher with each learner, as well as 10 with the teaching/learning, together looking for the growth and the improvement of all.

Esta dissertação de mestrado teve por objeto de estudo e pesquisa um fator preponderante da aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira: a necessidade de comunicação. Nesse sentido, a produção oral entre os interlocutores é fundamental para o êxito da aquisição da performance lingüística no novo idioma. No entanto, alguns aprendizes-adultos mostram-se bloqueados no momento da oralização, o que lhes acarreta um duplo dano: aquele que atinge a dimensão da interação social e um outro, que afeta a sua identidade pessoal e de aprendiz. Ao buscar compreender o silêncio demonstrado por um grupo de alunos universitários, iniciantes completos em língua francesa, constatamos que crenças profundamente cristalizadas sobre o ensino/aprendizagem de língua estrangeira, bem como fatores psico-sócio-afetivos surgem como possíveis indícios da não verbalização. As considerações preliminares, obtidas por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa junto a esses aprendizes, nos levaram a crer na necessidade imperiosa de uma mudança de comportamento por parte desses aprendizes-adultos, a fim de que pudessem pôr em prática, através de suas características individuais, as estratégias necessárias para suplantar os conflitos psico-sócio-afetivos ou de resistência às mudanças e, assim, desenvolver a expressão oral. A pesquisa prática consistiu na criação de um curso de apoio experimental, ministrado durante dois semestres a esses aprendizes-adultos com dificuldade. As aulas foram anotadas em forma de diários reflexivos e as discussões mantidas com os aprendizes, devidamente registradas por escrito. Com esses instrumentos de pesquisa, pudemos identificar os bloqueios de ordem psico-sócio-afetiva que limitavam a expressão oral, interação e, finalmente, a aprendizagem desses alunos. Mediante essa dinâmica, observamos que, não somente os esforços dos aprendizes com dificuldade são considerados relevantes, mas de todo o grupo8 classe, ressaltando-se a necessidade de um comprometimento do professor com cada aprendiz, bem como com o ensino/aprendizagem, buscando juntos o crescimento e aprimoramento de todos. / This dissertation had as research and study object one prevalent factor in foreign language learning: the need to communicate. In this sense, the oral production between the conversationalists is fundamental to the success of the linguistic performance acquisition in the new idiom. However, some adult learners showed themselves blocked up in the moment of oralizing what causes them a double damage: the one that hits the social interaction and another that affects their personal and as a learner identity. When trying to understand the silence shown by a group of university students, complete beginners in French language, it was verified that deeply crystallized beliefs about the teaching/learning of foreign language, as well as psycho-socio-affective factors appear possibly in a cause-effect relationship to the non-oralizing. The preliminary considerations, obtained by means of a qualitative research with these learners, led us to believe in the imperious need of a behaviour change by these adult learners, in order to be able to accomplish, through their individual characteristics, the necessary strategies to overcome the psycho-socioaffective conflicts or resistance to the changes and in this way develop the oral expression. The research consisted in the creation of an experimental aid course, ministrated during two semesters to these adult learners showing difficulty. The classes where note taken in form of reflexive diaries, and the discussions maintained with the learners, appropriately registered by writing. With these research instruments it was possible to identify the psycho-socio-affective order block up that where limiting the oral expression, interaction and finally the learning by these students. Through that dynamic, it was observed that not only the efforts of these learners with difficulties are considered relevant, but of all the group-class, standing out the need of a commitment of the teacher with each learner, as well as 10 with the teaching/learning, together looking for the growth and the improvement of all.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T14:52:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cicero Costa Quarto.pdf: 2285670 bytes, checksum: 94c0ecee3b4b6e4b82daa5b758aa57b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-25 / Nowadays, socio-affective factors, as cooperation, motivation, socio-cognitive affinity, proactivity, interaction and others, have been well explored in collaborative learning environments. The reason for that is because these factors would play an important role in group collaboration, as well as they would act in the construction of the human being relationships in a socio-cultural perspective. According to the vision of some educational researchers, psico-pedagogues and psychologists, in collaborative learning activities, socio-affective individual abilities should be conjugated in order to produce a collective and effective work in the construction of knowledge. Although some pedagogues and other educational researchers point out the importance of considering those factors in collaborative learning activities, few works are appreciating them. This way, the proposal of this work is to define some socio-affective factors to be inferred in collaborative learning systems in order to promote collaboration in these environments. The work will also show the importance of these socio-factors for those virtual environments. It will be also presented mechanisms for the inference of the considered socio-affective factors. / Atualmente, fatores sócio-afetivos, como cooperação, motivação, afinidades sócio-cognitivas, proatividade, interação, entre outros, tendem ser bastante explorados na relação professor-aprendiz e entre aprendizes, de forma que os resultados da construção do conhecimento sejam alcançados de forma colaborativa. A razão disto é que estes fatores desempenhariam um papel de fomento à colaboração, bem como atuariam na construção das relações do ser humano dentro de uma perspectiva sócio-cultural. Segundo a visão de alguns pesquisadores da educação, psicopedagogos e de psicólogos, em atividades colaborativas de aprendizagem, habilidades individuais sócio-afetivas de um indivíduo precisam ser conjugadas com as de outras pessoas de forma a produzirem um trabalho coletivo. Embora os padagogos e outros pesquisadores da educação apontem a importância de considerar esses fatores em atividades colaborativas de aprendizagem, poucos ambientes educacionais colaborativos assim estão fazendo. Desta maneira, a proposta deste trabalho é definir fatores sócio-afetivos a serem considerados em ambientes colaborativos de aprendizagem a fim de promover a colaboração nestes ambientes. O trabalho também mostrará a importância dos fatores sócio-afetivos para àqueles ambientes virtuais. Serão, também, propostos mecanismos para a inferência dos fatores sócio-afetivos considerados.

The low literacy levels of the majority of first-year students at tertiary institutions in South Africa have been a major cause of concern. Various attempts have been made to assist students to develop their academic literacy levels – especially academic reading. However, most of these attempts are solely cognitive-oriented, even though there has been increasing acknowledgement of the relationship between socio-affective factors and students’ academic reading abilities. The purpose of this research was to explore a socio-affective approach to improving the reading abilities of first-year students at the University of Pretoria (UP). The following questions guided the research: (1) Is there a significant relationship between socio-affective factors and students’ academic reading abilities? (2) Which socio-affective factors best predict tertiary students’ academic reading abilities? (3) How can knowledge of socio-affective factors be used to design a more effective reading intervention? (4) How effective is a reading intervention programme that incorporates socio-affective factors? A mixed methods design was used for the study which was conducted in four phases. The first phase consisted of an exploratory study in the form of a questionnaire survey that elicited information on first-year UP students’ reading background, socio-affective reading levels and the use of reading strategies in relation to their reading proficiency levels, as determined by the Test for Academic Literacy Levels (TALL). ANOVA tests were used for the analysis of TALL results while a Cumulative Logit (regression) analysis was conducted to determine the socio-affective factors that best predict these students’ reading ability. ANOVA tests showed a robust relationship between students’ social and affective reading background on one hand, and their reading proficiency levels on the other. The regression analysis showed that self-efficacy was the best predictor of students’ reading ability, followed by intrinsic motivation. Based on the empirical results, and an adapted model of Guthrie and Wigfield (2000), an intervention programme that served as enrichment to the existing Academic Reading module, and aimed at improving the reading abilities of students by focussing on socio-affective issues in particular, was designed (as phase 2) and implemented (as phase 3) of the study. Two control groups and two intervention groups of At Risk and Low Risk students were used for the study. Questionnaires on affective reading levels and strategy use were administered before and after the intervention. In phase four, quantitative analysis using t-tests (independent and paired t-tests) with effect sizes were performed on the pre- and post-intervention questionnaire responses. Results showed significant improvements in affective levels for reading in the intervention groups compared to the control groups. In addition, qualitative data were collected via interviews on the socio-affective teaching techniques used for the intervention, and analysed qualitatively using content analysis. The results of the qualitative study were used to support the quantitative findings in terms of the measure in which the teaching approach contributed to the improvement in students’ socio-affective levels in reading, which according to research, correlates with students’ reading ability. Based on the findings, recommendations are made at the classroom and institutional levels. The significance of the study in terms of enriching theory and designing innovative support to improve students’ reading ability serve as a conclusion to the thesis. / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Unit for Academic Literacy / Unrestricted

Text in Afrikaans / In the performing arts (music, dance and drama) affective factors do not only play a role during the performance of a work, but are present from the moment when a work is selected up to the completion of the performance. In order to analyse the continuous presence of affective factors in the performing arts, a literature study was undertaken in which the affective requirements of music, dance and drama works in different style periods were identified. The affective implications of adolescent development in a performing arts context were also researched. The most important affective factors which can influence the arts learner seem to be motivation, stress, anxiety and self-concept. A questionnaire was developed to measure these factors in a music, dance and drama context. An empirical investigation was carried out involving 297 learners. With the data obtained from the empirical investigation the reliability and validity of the questionnaire could be determined. Norms were also developed for the questionnaire. Hypotheses on the role of affective factors in the performing arts were tested statistically. The hypotheses dealt with the underlying relationship between the different affective factors, the role of affective factors in the different performing arts, the development of affective factors during the secondary school years, the relationship between affective factors and achievement in an art field as well as the role of other variables such as gender, social relations and home circumstances. Recommendations were made to teachers, parents and learners. The recommendations are aimed at the enhancement of motivation and self-concept as well as the reduction of anxiety and stress. / Teacher Education / D.Ed.

Text in Afrikaans / In the performing arts (music, dance and drama) affective factors do not only play a role during the performance of a work, but are present from the moment when a work is selected up to the completion of the performance. In order to analyse the continuous presence of affective factors in the performing arts, a literature study was undertaken in which the affective requirements of music, dance and drama works in different style periods were identified. The affective implications of adolescent development in a performing arts context were also researched. The most important affective factors which can influence the arts learner seem to be motivation, stress, anxiety and self-concept. A questionnaire was developed to measure these factors in a music, dance and drama context. An empirical investigation was carried out involving 297 learners. With the data obtained from the empirical investigation the reliability and validity of the questionnaire could be determined. Norms were also developed for the questionnaire. Hypotheses on the role of affective factors in the performing arts were tested statistically. The hypotheses dealt with the underlying relationship between the different affective factors, the role of affective factors in the different performing arts, the development of affective factors during the secondary school years, the relationship between affective factors and achievement in an art field as well as the role of other variables such as gender, social relations and home circumstances. Recommendations were made to teachers, parents and learners. The recommendations are aimed at the enhancement of motivation and self-concept as well as the reduction of anxiety and stress. / Teacher Education / D.Ed.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between affective factors and the academic achievement of students at the University of Venda. Self-concept, motivation and attitude are affective factors selected for the study. The general aim of the study is to determine the role of self-concept, motivation and attitude in students' academic achievement and ultimately come up with some recommendations for enhancing these factors. The theoretical investigation indicates that there is a relationship between students' self-concepts, motivation, attitude, and academic achievement. Similarly, the empirical investigation has revealed that there is a significant correlation between self-concept, motivation, and academic achievement of students. It was, for example, found that female students are significantly more motivated than their male counterparts. It is therefore essential that educationists should understand the differences in motivational orientations of their students in order to facilitate effective learning. / Educational Studies / M.Ed.(Specialization in Education Psychology))

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between affective factors and the academic achievement of students at the University of Venda. Self-concept, motivation and attitude are affective factors selected for the study. The general aim of the study is to determine the role of self-concept, motivation and attitude in students' academic achievement and ultimately come up with some recommendations for enhancing these factors. The theoretical investigation indicates that there is a relationship between students' self-concepts, motivation, attitude, and academic achievement. Similarly, the empirical investigation has revealed that there is a significant correlation between self-concept, motivation, and academic achievement of students. It was, for example, found that female students are significantly more motivated than their male counterparts. It is therefore essential that educationists should understand the differences in motivational orientations of their students in order to facilitate effective learning. / Educational Studies / M.Ed.(Specialization in Education Psychology))