Vários estudos têm mostrado que o alcoolismo parental tem sido um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de crianças criadas neste contexto. Os filhos de alcoolistas têm sido identificado com problemas emocionais, de comportamento, de desordens de personalidade e déficits cognitivos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar crianças, filhas de alcoolistas, em comparação com crianças filhas de não-alcoolistas nos aspectos: cognitivo e emocional, avaliados através da técnica do desenho da figura humana e avaliação comportamental segundo a percepção das mães utilizando a Escala Comportamental A2 de Rutter. Participaram deste estudo 40 crianças na faixa etária de 9 a 12 anos, escolaridade da 3ª à 7ª série do ensino fundamental, sendo: 20 crianças do grupo de filhas alcoolistas (FA), 10 meninos e 10 meninas e 20 crianças filhas de não-alcoolistas (FNA), 10 meninos e 10 meninas. Para a composição dos grupos foram pesquisados os prontuários de pacientes internados no período de 2000 a 2002 que tivessem filhos com idade entre 9 e 12 anos. Os pacientes deveriam atender aos critérios diagnósticos definidos pela Classificação Internacional das Doenças – CID 10 para transtornos mentais e comportamentais devido ao uso de álcool (F.10.0), sem a presença de nenhum outro transtorno mental associado. Os critérios de inclusão do grupo foram: os pais da criança deveriam ter vínculo conjugal (oficial ou consensual) e no caso de pais separados, estes deveriam ter co-habitado por pelo menos cinco anos com a criança e a mãe não poderia apresentar problemas com uso de álcool; as crianças não deveriam apresentar déficit sensorial e neurológico evidentes e história decorrente de ferimento na cabeça; e ainda não estarem em atendimento psicológico e/ou psiquiátrico. Para a seleção do grupo controle (filhos de pais não-alcoolistas) as crianças foram identificadas na mesma escola que as crianças filhas de alcoolistas estavam matriculadas. Os resultado revelaram que as crianças filhas de alcoolistas apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significativa no aspecto emocional e comportamental. Os filhos de alcoolista revelaram: timidez, retraimento, insegurança, impulsividade E segundo a opinião das mães, as crianças filhas de alcoolistas mostraram: impaciência, irritabilidade, agitação, desobediência e dependência. Na comparação segundo o gênero as meninas filhas de alcoolistas revelaram mais problemas de comportamento e emocionais que as meninas filhas de não-alcoolistas. No presente estudo as meninas revelaram ser mais vulneráveis que os meninos quando avaliadas nos domínios emocional e comportamental. / Parental alcoholism has been pointed by researches as of one risk factor to infant development. Children of alcoholics (COAs) have been found to be more vulnerable to emotional and behavioral problems. The aim of this study was assess children of alcoholics (COAs) in the comparison with children nonalcoholics (Non-COAs) in the aspects: cognitive and emotional, assessed although Human Figure Drawing Test and behavioral assessment by the Behavioral Scale of Rutter A2. Forty children participated of this study with age between: 9 until 12 years old, studied of elementary school, twenty children were children of alcoholics (COAs) and twenty were children of nonalcoholics (Non-COAs). Each of group was compost with 10 boys and 10 girls. The chips of inpatients in the period of 2000 and 2002, in the Geral Hospital (ward psychiatric), were consulted to compose group of alcoholics that had children of 9 until 12 years old. The patients should answer of diagnostic criterion defined by CID 10- Disease International Classification for mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol (F.10.0) without the presence another mental disorder associated. The inclusion criterions to group were: the parents of the children should have conjugal bonding (official or not) and the parents separated should have lived for less five years old with the children and the mother could not have alcoholic problems; children could not have sensorial and neurological disorders and history of the hurt in the head and were not in the psychological and psychiatric treatment. The children of control group (Non-COAs) were identified in the same school in the children of alcoholics were studying. The results showed that children of alcoholics and children nonalcoholics not differentiated in the cognitive aspects, assessed although Human Figure Drawing Test. However, children of alcoholics showed more emotional difficulty, it were assessed in same test. In the behavioral assessment (question filled out by their mother) children of alcoholics showed more behavioral problems than children of nonalcoholics. Children of alcoholics showed difference statistically significant in emotional and behavioral aspects. They showed some psychological characteristics such as: shyness, insecurity, low selfesteem and relationship difficult. Through the opinion of their mother they are: impatient, irritable, agitated, disobedience and dependent. In the gender comparison, the girls of alcoholics showed more emotional and behavioral problems than the girls of nonalcoholics. In this study the girls with alcoholics fathers showed to be more vulnerable than the boys in emotional and behavioral domains.

Objetivo: Analisar e descrever o perfil de expressão das proteínas relacionadas ao mecanismo de apoptose (PARP e AIF), e o perfil de expressão gênica sérica do microRNA-9 relacionado ao mecanismo de apoptose, em ratos submetidos à isquemia cerebral focal por oclusão da ACM por 90 minutos, seguida de reperfusão de 48horas, associado ou não com modelo de alcoolismo crônico. Métodos: Foram utilizados 20 ratos Wistar adultos, subdivididos em 4 grupos experimentais: grupo controle (C): animais submetidos apenas à anestesia; grupo isquêmico (I): animais submetidos à isquemia cerebral focal por 90 minutos seguido por reperfusão de 48 horas; grupo alcoolizado (A): animais que receberam diariamente álcool etílico absoluto diluído a 20% em água durante quatro semanas; e, grupo isquêmico e alcoolizado (IA): animais submetidos ao mesmo tratamento do grupo A e que, após quatro semanas foram submetidos à isquemia cerebral focal durante 90 minutos, seguido por reperfusão de 48 horas. As amostras do encéfalo coletadas foram processadas para a análise imunohistoquímica (para a expressão protéica de PARP-1 e AIF); e o sangue da artéria ventral da cauda foi coletado para a análise da expressão gênica do miRNA-9, relacionada ao mecanismo de apoptose, pela técnica de PCR em tempo real. Resultados: A comparação entre os grupos identificou uma redução da expressão proteica de PARP-1 nos animais do grupo AI quando comparado com os demais. Foi observada marcação positiva nuclear para a proteína AIF somente no grupo IA. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante da expressão sérica do miRNA-9 entre os grupos. Conclusão: O modelo proposto, pode não ter sido suficiente para promover a ativação de AIF nos grupos C, A e I e desta forma, a apoptose celular por essa via analisada. A expressão proteica de PARP-1 no grupo A, associado com a expressão nula de AIF, indica um efeito neuroprotetor do etanol neste grupo. A redução da expressão proteica de PARP-1 não afetou sua atividade enzimática, proporcionando, mesmo em baixas concentrações, ativação de AIF no grupo IA. A expressão de PARP- 1 no grupo I, associada a expressão nula de AIF indica que o modelo de isquemia possivelmente gerou leves danos no DNA o que estimulou a ativação de PARP-1 somente em níveis suficientes para promover a reparação do DNA e não a ativação do processo de apoptose pela translocação de AIF. A expressão gênica sérica do miRNA- 9 observada indicou que a mesma foi suprimida quando exposta a mecanismos de estresse (alcoolismo, isquemia e a associação dos mesmos). A correlação do miRNA-9 com a expressão proteica de PARP-1 e AIF, indicou um aspecto protetor da baixa regulação do miRNA-9 tanto em animais alcoolizados como em animais isquêmicos. O grupo IA apresentou uma tendência a baixa expressão do miRNA-9, baixa expressão de PARP-1 e alta expressão de AIF, indicando que a associação álcool e isquemia tenha interferido no efeito protetor do miRNA-9 visto nos demais grupos / Aim: To analyze and describe the expression profile of proteins related to apoptosis mechanism (PARP and AIF), and profile of gene expression of miRNA-9 related to apoptosis mechanism in rats submitted to focal cerebral ischemia by occlusion of the CMA for 90 minutes, followed by 48 hours of reperfusion, associated or without associated to chronic alcoholism model. Methods: 20 adult Wistar rats were used, divided into 4 groups: control group (C): animals submitted only to anesthesia; Ischemic group (I): animals subjected to focal cerebral ischemia for 90 minutes followed by 48 hours of reperfusion; alcoholic group (A): animals that received daily solution of 20% of absolute ethyl alcohol diluted in water during four weeks; and ischemic group and alcoholized (IA): Animals subjected to the same treatment group A and after four weeks were subjected to focal cerebral ischemia for 90 minutes followed by 48 hours of reperfusion. The brain samples were collected and processed for immunohistochemical analysis (for protein expression - PARP-1 and AIF); and the blood from ventral artery of tail was collected for the analysis, by PCR in real time, of gene expression of miRNA-9 related to the mechanism of apoptosis. Results: The comparison between the groups identified a decrease in protein expression (PARP-1) in animals from IA group compared to others groups. Nuclear positive staining was observed for the AIF protein only in the IA group. There was no significant difference in serum expression of miRNA-9 between the groups. Conclusion: The proposed model may not have been sufficient to promote the activation of AIF in groups C, A and I, and thus the apoptosis analyzed in this way. Protein expression of PARP-1 in group A associated with a null expression of AIF, indicate a neuroprotective effect of ethanol in this group. The reduction of protein expression PARP-1 did not affect its enzymatic activity, providing even at low concentrations, activation AIF in IA group. The expression of PARP-1 in group I associated with null expression of AIF showed that model of ischemia, possibly, promoted light damage in DNA which stimulated PARP-1 activation just in sufficient levels to promote DNA repair, and without activation of apoptosis by translocation of AIF. The gene expression of miRNA-9 indicated that it was suppressed when exposed to mechanical stress (alcoholism, ischemia and combination thereof). The correlation of miRNA-9 with the protein expression (PARP-1 and AIF), indicated a protective aspect of downregulation of the miRNA-9 in both animals drunk as ischemic animals. IA group showed a trend to low expression of miRNA-9 and PARP- 1, in other hand an overexpression of AIF, indicating that the association between alcohol and ischemia interfered in protective effect of miRNA-9 seen in the other groups

O alcoolismo é uma doença multifatorial que consiste numa interação de influências genéticas e ambientais, sendo um dos principais causadores de danos à saúde. Deste modo, é muito importante a realização de estudos que envolvam a investigação de danos provocados ao material genético pelo consumo excessivo de bebidas alcoólicas bem como daqueles que investiguem a susceptibilidade individual às doenças causadas pelo alcoolismo. As aberrações cromossômicas e os polimorfismos para enzimas de metabolização de xenobióticos são importantes instrumentos para estes estudos. Neste trabalho foram investigados o possível efeito clastogênico do álcool e também a possível associação entre a ocorrência dos genótipos nulos GSTM1 e GSTT1 e dos polimorfismos CYP1A1-MspI, CYP2D6-BstN1 e CYP2E1-PstI com o desenvolvimento de cirrose e pancreatite, além da freqüência da mutação TaqA1 do gene DRD2 em alcoolistas. Os indivíduos analisados foram alcoolistas com consumo diário de álcool >60g. Para a análise de AC foram analisados 26 alcoolistas e 22 indivíduos controles. Para o estudo dos polimorfismos genéticos a amostra compreendeu 124 alcoolistas crônicos e 124 controles. Os alcoolistas não-fumantes apresentaram um valor de IM maior do que os controles não-fumantes (p = 0,03). As freqüências de ACs nos alcoolistas não foram diferentes das do grupo controle. Não foram encontradas associações de risco entre os genótipos nulos dos genes GSTM1 e GSTT1, e os genótipos mutantes de CYP2D6 e CYP2E1, e o desenvolvimento de cirrose e pancreatite. O genótipo homozigoto mutante m2/m2 do gene CYP1A1 apresentou um risco significativo para o desenvolvimento de cirrose e pancratite em alcoolistas. Não foram encontradas freqüências significativas na ocorrência do alelo A1 do gene DRD2 em alcoolistas. / Alcoholism is a disease consisted of an interaction of genetic and environmental factors, being responsible for serious damage to human health. This way, studies that investigate damage caused by heavy consumption of alcohol as well those that investigate individual susceptibility originated by alcoholism are very important to our society. Chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and polymorphisms to xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes are important tools to these studies. In this work we investigated the possible clastogenic effect of alcohol and the possible association between the occurrence of null genotypes for GSTM1 and GSTT1 enzymes and polymorphisms CYP1A1-MspI, CYP2D6-BstN1 and CYP2E1-PstI with the development of cirrhosis and pancreatitis. Furthermore, we investigate the possible association of TaqA1 polymorphism for DRD2 neurotransmitter in alcoholic. Our sample consisted of alcoholic classified as heavy consumers (>60g alcohol/day). For CA assay we have analysed 26 alcoholic and 22 healthy individuals as control group. For the polymorphism study, 124 alcoholic and 124 healthy individuals were genotyped using PCR and RFLP techniques. Non-smokers alcoholics showed higher mitotic index than nonsmokers controls (p=0,03). Acs frequencies in alcoholics were similar to controls. No risk associations were found between null genotypes for GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes and mutant genotypes for CYP2D6 and CYP2E1 genes and the occurrence of cirrhosis or pancreatic disease. Homozygous mutant for CYP1A1 gene (m2/m2) presented significant risk to development of cirrhosis or pancreatic disease in alcoholic. No significant frequencies were found in the occurrence of A1 allele in alcoholic.

Orientador: Maria Cristina Faber Boog / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T04:08:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Schlichting_Silzeth_M.pdf: 7016364 bytes, checksum: cc2dee05967eb5826cce89430affd249 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: O alcoolismo é um problema relevante em saúde pública. A sociedade é afetada por suas conseqüências há muito tempo, entretanto, seu reconhecimento como um problema de saúde pública é recente. O uso de etílicos, além de acarretar problemas clínicos pela dependência, leva a sérias conseqüências sócioeconômicas. O uso de etílicos por mulheres tem crescido, e a procura por tratamento vem aumentando. É preciso que a mulher seja acolhida em sua singularidade e tenha suas necessidades identificadas e atendidas para uma efetividade no tratamento. Buscando uma forma prazerosa de abordagem nas práticas educativas, o estudo propõe a ressignificação do alimento para essas mulheres e a possibilidade do fornecimento de refeição pelo serviço ser incorporada como mais uma estratégia de educação em saúde. Foi proposto o almoço como momento terapêutico de abordagem de educação em saúde com mulheres alcoolistas. O objetivo da pesquisa foi estudar e discutir a experiência do almoço como momento terapêutico, explicitando os pressupostos teóricos, estratégias e resultados imediatos. O método utilizado na pesquisa foi o clínicoqualitativo. Foi realizada também uma avaliação da qualidade dos alimentos utilizados pelas colaboradoras em seus domicílios. Para a análise dos dados coletados utilizou-se da análise do conteúdo. Os resultados do trabalho referem-se à história alimentar e ao processo de intervenção educativa, sendo divididos respectivamente em quatro e sete categorias. A categoria relativa à história alimentar compreende: ser pobre passar fome e passar necessidade; a mesa; a alimentação como geradora de conflito e violência; a recusa do papel feminino tradicional. A categoria relativa ao processo de intervenção educativa diz respeito à ambiência como facilitadora; compartilhar o alimento - tornar-se companheiro; ampliação da percepção do alimento; alimentos e seus significados; sexualidade; recaídas; depressão x motivação. São apresentados também os resultados sobre a qualidade da alimentação das mulheres no domicílio. A educação em saúde realizada durante o almoço é uma possibilidade de intervenção terapêutica desde que o profissional de saúde perceba o alimento na sua multidimensionalidade, que contempla tanto os aspectos nutricionais como os aspectos simbólicos, relevantes para a criação de vínculos e motivação para o tratamento / Abstract: Alcoholism is a major problem in public health. For a long time, society has been affected by its consequences, however, it has been recently acknowledged as a public health problem. The use of ethylic, besides causing clinical problems due to dependence, also brings about serious socio-economic consequences. The use of alcohol among women has increased as well as the search for treatment. It is necessary that women may be seen in their singularity and may have their needs identified and fulfilled so that the treatment is effective. Searching for a more pleasant approach in the educational practice, this research proposes the resignification of food to those women and the possibility of providing meals as another strategy in health education. Lunchtime is proposed as a therapeutic moment in this health education approach with alcohol-dependent women. The objective of this study was to investigate and discuss the experience of lunchtime as a therapeutic moment and establish theoretical suppositions strategies and immediate results. The methodology used in this research was Clinical Qualitative. It was also made an evaluation of the quality of food consumed by these women in their homes. It was used content analysis to analyze the collected data. The results of this research refer to food history and to the educational intervention process that were divided in four and seven categories respectively. The food history category refers to: being poor, starve and being malnourished; at the table; food generating conflicts and violence; the refusal of women's traditional role. The educational intervention process category refers to the environment as a facilitating aspect; sharing food - becoming a partner; broadening the perception of food, food and its meanings; sexuality, relapse, depression X motivation. The results about the women's food quality in their homes are also presented. Ali in ali, heath education undergone during lunch is a possibility of therapeutic intervention, since health professionals realize the multidimensionality of food; that considers the nutritional aspects as much as the symbolic aspects, which are relevant to the creation of bonds and motivation for the treatment / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem

The controversy surrounding the use of LSD as an adjunct to psychotherapy for alcoholics in Saskatchewan has not been explored by social or medical historians. From 1950 to 1967, Saskatchewan psychiatrists developed new treatments for chronic alcoholism by using LSD on themselves, on volunteers and finally on patients. Despite early success and praise, the use of LSD in psychotherapy was later condemned by the media, the general public, the medical profession and eventually the federal government and was discontinued after being banned in 1967. The reasons for the ban were far-reaching and diverse. LSD was exploited by the counter-culture for "kicks" and was later abandoned by pharmaceutical companies because of the negative reputation lay-professionals and the media had bestowed upon its therapeutic use. As it turned out, legitimate LSD research became too clouded in controversy to survive the 1960s as researchers failed to convince the masses that the drug did not pose a threat to the well-being of society. In many respects, the LSD controversy can be seen as more of a moral panic than a scientific debate. Nevertheless, the LSD controversy provides a unique and much needed look into the history of medicine from a social perspective, illustrating that social values often have more impact on medical research than empirical validity. As recent evidence suggests, the psychotherapeutic potential of LSD -- as developed by Saskatchewan psychiatrists -- has not been forgotten. Indeed, a renewal of interest in LSD research has surfaced in several U.S. states as American psychiatrists are discovering, once again, that LSD can be a valuable psychiatric research tool. / Arts, Faculty of / History, Department of / Graduate

In Sweden alcohol is consumed by people of all ages and by different social economic groups. Around 320 000 individuals in the Swedish society suffers from an alcoholrelated problem. Alcohol is considered as a legal substance and it is most common that nurses' at some point in their career will meet a patient who suffers from a    alcohol-related disease. The aim of this study was to investigate nurses' attitudes towards patients with alcohol-related problems. The study was conducted as a literature study. The result of the study is based on eight articles which was analyzed and processed. From this process three different categories emerged and founded the result: Nurses' attitudes: negative, neutral and positive, Nurses' attitudes regarding the right to receive care towards patients with alcohol-related problems and How education can affect nurses' attitudes towards patients with alcohol-related problems There was existing negative, neutral and positive attitudes among the nurses'. The nurses' experiences was the main consideration that contributed to the attitudes. Regardless the attitude, the nurses' opinions were that patients with alcohol-related problems had the right to demand care and to be treated. To achieve more positive attitudes among the nurses', they need more education about the subject alcoholrelated problems. / I Sverige konsumeras alkohol av individer i alla olika åldrar och av olika socioekonomiska klasser. Cirka 320 000 personer i det svenska samhället lider av en alkoholberoendeproblematik. Alkohol är klassad som en laglig substans och sjuksköterskan kan komma i kontakt med patienter som har drabbats av en alkoholberoendeproblematik inom alla olika instanser inom vården, vilket innebär att sjuksköterskan med all säkerhet möter dessa patienter. Syftet med studien var att undersöka sjuksköterskors attityder till patienter med en alkoholberoendeproblematik. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie. Sökningen av artiklarna resulterade i åtta artiklar, vilka bearbetades så att tre olika kategorier framstod och bildade studiens resultat. De tre kategorier som framkom var: Sjuksköterskans attityder: negativa, neutrala och positiva, Sjuksköterskans attityder angående rätten till vård av patienter med alkoholberoendeproblematik  och Hur utbildning kan påverka sjuksköterskors attityder till patienter med alkoholberoendeproblematik. Negativa, neutrala och positiva attityder existerade hos sjuksköterskan. Den grundläggande faktorn till vilken attityd som förekom var sjuksköterskans erfarenheter. Oavsett attityd ansåg sjuksköterskan att patienter med alkoholberoendeproblematik hade rätt till vård för att behandlas för sitt sjukdomstillstånd. För att uppnå mer positiva attityder hos sjuksköterskan fanns ett behov utav mer utbildning inom ämnet alkoholberoendeproblematik.

Alcohol abuse in families remain a serious problem in South Africa. Early exposure to dysfunctional family patterns may contribute to juvenile offending. Such an exposure will be detrimental to children’s development and may create emotional problems for them. It would appear that certain factors contribute towards juvenile delinquency such as divorce among parents, single parent families, unemployment of parents, family violence, substance abuse and poverty. The researcher was motivated to undertake this study as she observed in the field of Social Work that nearly all juvenile offenders were exposed to alcoholism in their families of origin. The question arised whether there is a relation between alcohol abuse in the family system and juvenile delinquency. The goal of this study was to explore the extent to which alcohol abuse in the family system may contribute towards juvenile delinquency and imprisonment. The researcher conducted a qualitative study through which the goal of the study has been achieved. Further research in this field is recommended to prevent the effect alcohol abuse may have on the family system. / Dissertation (MA (Social Work))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Social Work / unrestricted

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre el sentido de vida y el consumo problemático de alcohol en estudiantes de universidades privadas de Lima Metropolitana. Se evaluó a 346 estudiantes que cursaban los dos primeros años de su carrera con el Test de Sentido de Vida (PIL) y el Cuestionario de Identificación de Trastornos debidos al Consumo de Alcohol (AUDIT). / Tesis

The primary objective of this study was the development and investigation of the psychometric properties of a measurement instrument based on the integrated model of behavior roles of offspring of alcoholic parents (Schneider, 1989,1995). The Behavior Role Scale was developed utilizing Crocker and Algina's (1986) 10 step instrument development process and deals directly with the concepts of the original models of behavior roles of offspring of alcoholic parents (Black, 1981; Booz-Allen & Hamilton, 1974; Deutsch, 1983; Kritzberg, 1985; Wegscheider, 1981). The first three steps of the instrument development were completed in an earlier investigation (Schneider, 1989). In this investigation, steps 4 - 8 were completed. The following activities were undertaken: step 4, the construction of an initial pool of items; step 5, the review and revision of the items with the assistance of a panel of experts; step 6, a preliminary tryout of the items in a pilot test; step 7, a field test of the instrument with a nonclinical sample of offspring of alcoholic parents and offspring of nonalcoholic parents; and, step 8, initial investigation of the psychometric properties of the behavior role scale. This investigation contributed the following findings. The field test yielded reliability estimates of .72 for the Caretaker, .67 for the Super Achiever, .86 for the Invisible One, .89 for the Jester, .78 for the Rebel, and an overall alpha of .88. Initial validity was indicated by the emergence of a five factor model as the most interpretable factor analysis solution. The performance of the Behavior Role Scale was also investigated using six validity issues identified in the literature. Offspring of alcoholic parents, offspring of nonalcoholic parents who had experienced a significant family disruption, and offspring of nonalcoholic parents who had not experienced a significant family disruption had significantly different scores with the Super Achiever, Invisible One, and Rebel roles. The three groups did not demonstrate significant differences with the Caretaker or Jester roles. Additional significant differences were discovered with the Jester and Rebel roles among offspring of alcoholic fathers when they were compared according to their fathers' pattern of drinking. The findings of this investigation add to the research evidence which suggests that refinements need to be made to improve the clinical and psycho-educational uses of the behavior roles of offspring of alcoholic parents. Recommendations for future research include submitting the Behavior Role Scale to construct validation studies in order to further refine its ability to measure behavior roles and to be of assistance to researchers seeking to unravel the complexities of life for more than 28 million offspring of alcoholic parents. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

Magister Artium (Child and Family Studies) - MA(CFS) / This study explores the possible resilient factors which prevent young people who have been exposed to parental alcohol abuse from abusing alcohol themselves. Additionally, this study explores the coping mechanisms of young people living with a (n) alcohol abusing parent(s). This study uses a qualitative methodological design. The initial plan was purposive sampling. However it became evident that this type of sampling is not possible as no suitable candidates were found. One participant volunteered to participate in the study and suggested a few other suitable candidates. The candidates were contacted and invited to become part of the study. Individual interviews were conducted with the participants, using an interview guide and a voice recorder. The researcher ended up using snowball sampling as the candidates suggested other possible candidates. The findings suggest that the participants experienced an array of emotional, developmental and socio-economical difficulties. Feelings of shame, fear, anxiety and a deep sense of unhappiness about the situation was shared by all the participants. The family, friends and some teachers were instrumental in helping to find coping mechanisms during this challenging time of growing up with an alcohol abusing parent. Religion, academics, and positive role-modelling were contributing factors to their resilience in not using alcohol themselves even though they were exposed to alcohol-abusing parents. / South Africa