The theoretical part of this master thesis analyses appropriate financial models for financial appraisal, trends, proportion indicators and models for prediction of future development. I carried out the analysis of the financial administration of the chosen company in three points of view: hierarchical proportion indicators during the period of 2008 and 2012, comparison of financial results among the sector and appraisal by prediction models.

Thesis focuses on financial analysis and its possible application in daily practice. It presents a number of indicators that can be used as an instrument for financial management of comapny. These indicators, indexes and models are then applied in the analysis of the firm MOTOR JIKOV Strojírenská a.s., based in Tábor. Resulting values are simultaneously compared with rated optimal divide for engineering industry. Further is effected analysis some significant indicator on partial indices and rated their influence over total indicator. Last step those financially analyses is comparing resulting values behind year 2006 with occupational average for year 2006 in engineering industry. Last is there foreshadowed possibility exclusion or reducing some one of specific negative phenomenon, which would be able to significantly influence incoming development those companies in future. All ascertained results are processed in form tables and in detail ocommented. Information for processing those diploma work was pump concrete from jubilee news, internet and special literature. The aim of diploma work is refer to financial analysis like on necessary resource for assesment values equity capital and at the same time like on important method predikcion of economic development analysed equity capital.

Este trabalho introduz os conceitos de controlabilidade fraca e estabilizabilidade fraca para sistemas lineares com parâmetros sujeitos a saltos Markovianos a tempo discreto. É, inicialmente, construída uma coleção de matrizes C que se assemelha às matrizes de controlabilidade de sistemas lineares deterministicos. Essa coleção de matrizes C nos permite definir um conceito de controlabilidade fraca, requerendo que elas sejam de posto completo, assim como introduzir um conceito de estabilizabilidade fraca, dual ao conceito de detetabilidade fraca encontrado na literatura de sistemas com saltos de Markov. Uma característica importante do conceito de estabilizabilidade fraca é a de generalizar o conceito de estabilizabilidade na média quadrática, anteriormente encontrado na literatura. O papel do conceito da estabilizabilidade fraca no problema de filtragem é investigado através de casos de estudo. Estes casos de estudo são desenvolvidos no contexto do filtro de Kalman com observação do parâmetro de Markov e sugerem que a estabilizabilidade fraca em conjunto com a detetabilidade na média quadrática garantem que o estimador seja estável na média quadrática. / This work introduces weak controllability and weak stabilizability concepts for discretetime Markov jump linear system. We introduce a collection of matrices C that resembles controllability matrices of deterministic linear systems. The collection of matrices C allows us to define a weak controllability concept by requiring that the matrices are full rank, as well as to introduce a weak stabilizability concept that is a dual of the weak detectability concept found in the literature of Markov jump systems. An important feature of the introduced concept is that it generalizes the previous concept of mean square stabilizability. The role that the weak stabilizability concept plays in the filtering problem is investigated via case studies. These case studies are developed in the context of Kalman filtering with observation of the Markov parameter, they suggest that weak stabilizability together with mean square stabilizability ensure that the state estimator is mean square stable.

Nesta tese foram desenvolvidos procedimentos analíticos fotométricos automáticos para determinação simultânea de sulfato e cloreto em coque de petróleo, molibdênio em plantas sem etapa de pré-concentração com solvente orgânico e zinco em águas empregando microextração líquido-líquido. Em todos os procedimentos reportados nesta tese, o módulo de análise foi baseado no processo de multicomutação, utilizou-se bomba de seringa como propulsor de fluidos e válvulas solenoide de três vias como dispositivos de comutação para controlar as inserções das alíquotas da amostra e dos reagentes no percurso analítico. As detecções fotométricas foram realizadas empregando fotômetros de LEDs, construídos para este projeto, equipados com celas de fluxo com caminho óptico longo (50,0 mm para cloreto, sulfato e zinco, 200,0 mm para molibdênio). O fotômetro foi construído com LEDs de alto brilho como máximos de emissão em 472 nm para cloreto, sulfato e molibdênio e 525 nm para zinco. Os procedimentos para determinação simultânea de sulfato e cloreto apresentaram faixa linear entre 10-700 mg L-1; 0,25-10 mg L-1; limite de detecção de 5,3 mg L-1; 0,16 mg L-1; coeficiente de variação de 3,0%; 0,9 % (n=10), respectivamente, e frequência de amostragem de 75 determinações por hora para cada analito. O procedimento para determinação de molibdênio apresentou faixa linear entre 50 - 500 ?g L-1, limite de detecção 9,1 ?g L-1, coeficiente de variação 1,07% (n=10) e frequência de amostragem de 51 determinações por hora. O procedimento para zinco apresentou uma faixa linear entre 10-100 ?g L-1, limite de detecção 8,3 ?g L-1, coeficiente de variação 3,3% (n=10) e frequência de amostragem de 19 determinações por hora / In this thesis, automated photometric analytical procedures for simultaneous determination of sulfate and chloride in petroleum coke, molybdenum in plants without pre-concentration step and zinc in water using liquid-liquid microextraction were developed. All procedures reported in this thesis, employed flow analysis modules based on multicommuted process, syringe pump for fluid propulsion and solenoid three-way valves as commutation devices the insertion aliquots of sample and reagents solutions in the analytical path. Photometric detections were performed, using LEDs-photometers, built for this project, equipped with flow cells with long optical path (50.0 mm for chloride, sulfate and zinc, 200.0 mm for molybdenum) and the high intense radiation beam LEDs with maximum emission at 472 nm for chloride, sulfate and molybdenum and 525 nm for zinc. The procedures for simultaneous determination of sulfate and chloride showed linear response between 10 to 700 mg L-1; 0.25 to 10 mg L-1; detection limit of 5.3 mg L-1; 0.16 mg L-1; variation coefficient of 3.0%; 0.9% (n = 10), respectively, and sampling throughput of 75 determinations per hour for each analyte. The procedure for molybdenum presented a linear response between 50 to 500 ?g L-1, detection limit of 9.1 ?g L-1, variation coefficient of 1.07% (n = 10) and sampling throughput of 51 determinations per hour. The procedure for zinc showed linear response between 10 to 100 ?g L-1, detection limit of 8.3 ?g L-1, variation coefficient of 3.3% (n = 10) and sampling throughput of 19 determinations per hour

Nesta tese foram desenvolvidos procedimentos analíticos fotométricos automáticos para determinação simultânea de sulfato e cloreto em coque de petróleo, molibdênio em plantas sem etapa de pré-concentração com solvente orgânico e zinco em águas empregando microextração líquido-líquido. Em todos os procedimentos reportados nesta tese, o módulo de análise foi baseado no processo de multicomutação, utilizou-se bomba de seringa como propulsor de fluidos e válvulas solenoide de três vias como dispositivos de comutação para controlar as inserções das alíquotas da amostra e dos reagentes no percurso analítico. As detecções fotométricas foram realizadas empregando fotômetros de LEDs, construídos para este projeto, equipados com celas de fluxo com caminho óptico longo (50,0 mm para cloreto, sulfato e zinco, 200,0 mm para molibdênio). O fotômetro foi construído com LEDs de alto brilho como máximos de emissão em 472 nm para cloreto, sulfato e molibdênio e 525 nm para zinco. Os procedimentos para determinação simultânea de sulfato e cloreto apresentaram faixa linear entre 10-700 mg L-1; 0,25-10 mg L-1; limite de detecção de 5,3 mg L-1; 0,16 mg L-1; coeficiente de variação de 3,0%; 0,9 % (n=10), respectivamente, e frequência de amostragem de 75 determinações por hora para cada analito. O procedimento para determinação de molibdênio apresentou faixa linear entre 50 - 500 ?g L-1, limite de detecção 9,1 ?g L-1, coeficiente de variação 1,07% (n=10) e frequência de amostragem de 51 determinações por hora. O procedimento para zinco apresentou uma faixa linear entre 10-100 ?g L-1, limite de detecção 8,3 ?g L-1, coeficiente de variação 3,3% (n=10) e frequência de amostragem de 19 determinações por hora / In this thesis, automated photometric analytical procedures for simultaneous determination of sulfate and chloride in petroleum coke, molybdenum in plants without pre-concentration step and zinc in water using liquid-liquid microextraction were developed. All procedures reported in this thesis, employed flow analysis modules based on multicommuted process, syringe pump for fluid propulsion and solenoid three-way valves as commutation devices the insertion aliquots of sample and reagents solutions in the analytical path. Photometric detections were performed, using LEDs-photometers, built for this project, equipped with flow cells with long optical path (50.0 mm for chloride, sulfate and zinc, 200.0 mm for molybdenum) and the high intense radiation beam LEDs with maximum emission at 472 nm for chloride, sulfate and molybdenum and 525 nm for zinc. The procedures for simultaneous determination of sulfate and chloride showed linear response between 10 to 700 mg L-1; 0.25 to 10 mg L-1; detection limit of 5.3 mg L-1; 0.16 mg L-1; variation coefficient of 3.0%; 0.9% (n = 10), respectively, and sampling throughput of 75 determinations per hour for each analyte. The procedure for molybdenum presented a linear response between 50 to 500 ?g L-1, detection limit of 9.1 ?g L-1, variation coefficient of 1.07% (n = 10) and sampling throughput of 51 determinations per hour. The procedure for zinc showed linear response between 10 to 100 ?g L-1, detection limit of 8.3 ?g L-1, variation coefficient of 3.3% (n = 10) and sampling throughput of 19 determinations per hour

Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology has blossomed into a major new technology fundamentally influencing the sciences of life and nature. From a systemic point of view however, microfluidics is still in its infancy. Here, we present the concept of a microfluidic central processing unit (CPU) which shows remarkable similarities to early electronic Von Neumann microprocessors. It combines both control and execution units and, moreover, the complete power supply on a single chip and introduces the decision-making ability regarding chemical information into fluidic integrated circuits (ICs). As a consequence of this system concept, the ICs process chemical information completely in a self-controlled manner and energetically self-sustaining. The ICs are fabricated by layer-by-layer deposition of several overlapping layers based on different intrinsically active polymers. As examples we present two microchips carrying out long-term monitoring of critical parameters by around-the-clock sampling. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Este trabalho introduz os conceitos de controlabilidade fraca e estabilizabilidade fraca para sistemas lineares com parâmetros sujeitos a saltos Markovianos a tempo discreto. É, inicialmente, construída uma coleção de matrizes C que se assemelha às matrizes de controlabilidade de sistemas lineares deterministicos. Essa coleção de matrizes C nos permite definir um conceito de controlabilidade fraca, requerendo que elas sejam de posto completo, assim como introduzir um conceito de estabilizabilidade fraca, dual ao conceito de detetabilidade fraca encontrado na literatura de sistemas com saltos de Markov. Uma característica importante do conceito de estabilizabilidade fraca é a de generalizar o conceito de estabilizabilidade na média quadrática, anteriormente encontrado na literatura. O papel do conceito da estabilizabilidade fraca no problema de filtragem é investigado através de casos de estudo. Estes casos de estudo são desenvolvidos no contexto do filtro de Kalman com observação do parâmetro de Markov e sugerem que a estabilizabilidade fraca em conjunto com a detetabilidade na média quadrática garantem que o estimador seja estável na média quadrática. / This work introduces weak controllability and weak stabilizability concepts for discretetime Markov jump linear system. We introduce a collection of matrices C that resembles controllability matrices of deterministic linear systems. The collection of matrices C allows us to define a weak controllability concept by requiring that the matrices are full rank, as well as to introduce a weak stabilizability concept that is a dual of the weak detectability concept found in the literature of Markov jump systems. An important feature of the introduced concept is that it generalizes the previous concept of mean square stabilizability. The role that the weak stabilizability concept plays in the filtering problem is investigated via case studies. These case studies are developed in the context of Kalman filtering with observation of the Markov parameter, they suggest that weak stabilizability together with mean square stabilizability ensure that the state estimator is mean square stable.

The financial situation of limited company PFT is evaluated in the period 2008 to 2013 through techniques of financial analysis. Then the resulting values are compared with the recommended values, sector averages and values of selected competing companies with limited liability. Multivariate methods of intercompany comparison are applied for a more comprehensive assessment of financial management. The conclusion is focused on summarizing the results, identifying strengths and weaknesses and proposing appropriate measures.

Current Intel processors implement a variety of power saving features like frequency scaling and idle states. These mechanisms limit the power draw and thereby decrease the thermal dissipation of the processors. However, they also have an impact on the achievable performance. The various mechanisms significantly differ regarding the amount of power savings, the latency of mode changes, and the associated overhead. In this paper, we describe and closely examine the so-called software controlled clock modulation mechanism for different processor generations. We present results that imply that the available documentation is not always correct and describe when this feature can be used to improve energy efficiency. We additionally compare it against the more popular feature of dynamic voltage and frequency scaling and develop a model to decide which feature should be used to optimize inter-process synchronizations on Intel Haswell-EP processors.

This thesis, written by Ingrid Öberg Månsson at KTH Royal Institute of Technology and entitled “Electroanalytical devices with fluidic control using textile materials and methods”, presents experimental studies on the development of textile based electronic devices and biosensors. One of the reasons why this is of interest is the growing demand for integrated smart products for wearable health monitoring or energy harvesting. To enable such products, new interdisciplinary fields arise combining traditional textile technology and electronics. Textile based devices have garnered much interest in recent years due to their innate ability to incorporate function directly into, for example, clothing or bandages by textile processes such as weaving, knitting or stitching. However, many modifications of yarns required for such applications are not available on an industrial scale. The major objective of this work has been to study how to achieve the performance necessary to create electronic textile devices by either coating yarns with conductive material or using commercially available conductive yarns that are functionalized to create sensing elements. Further, liquid transport within textile materials has been studied to be able to control the contact area between electrolyte and electrodes in electrochemical devices such as sensors and transistors. Yarns with specially designed cross-sections, traditionally used in sportswear to wick sweat away from the body and enhance evaporation, was used to transport electrolyte liquids to come in contact with yarn electrodes. The defined area of the junction where the fluidic yarn meets the conductive yarn was shown to increase stability of the measurements and the reproducibility between devices. The results presented in the two publications of this thesis as well as additional results presented in the thesis itself show the promising potential of using textile materials to integrate electronic and electrochemical functionality in our everyday life. This is shown by using basic textile materials and processing techniques to fabricate complex devices for various application areas such as sensors and diagnostics as well as electrical and energy harvesting components. / Denna avhandling, skriven av Ingrid Öberg Månsson vid Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan och titulerad ”Elektroanalytiska sensorer med vätskekontroll integrerad genom användande av textila material och metoder”, presenterar experimentella studier inom utvecklingen av textilbaserade elektroniska komponenter och biosensorer. Detta är av intresse på grund av den ökade efterfrågan på integrerade smarta produkter som till exempel bärbara sensorer för hälsoövervakning eller för att samla upp och konvertera energi till elektricitet. För att möjliggöra denna typ av produkter föds nya interdisciplinära fält där traditionell textilteknologi och elektronik möts. Textilbaserade enheter har väckt stort intresse under de senaste åren på grund av den naturliga förmågan att integrera funktion i till exempel kläder eller förband genom textila tillverkningsprocesser som väveri, stickning eller sömnad. Många modifikationer hos garner som krävs för att möjliggöra sådana tillämpningar är dock inte tillgängliga i större skala. Därför har det huvudsakliga syftet med denna studie varit att undersöka hur man kan uppnå den prestanda som krävs för att tillverka elektroniska textila komponenter, antingen genom att belägga garner med elektroniskt ledande material eller genom att använda kommersiellt tillgängliga ledande garner som sedan modifieras kemiskt för att skapa sensorer. Utöver detta har vätsketransport inom textila material studerats för att kunna styra och kontrollera kontaktytan mellan elektrolyt och elektroder i elektrokemiska enheter så som sensorer och transistorer. Garner med speciella tvärsnitt, som traditionellt använts i sportkläder för att transportera svett bort från kroppen och underlätta avdunstning, har använts för att transportera elektrolytvätska till elektroder av garn. Den definierade kontaktytan där det vätsketransporterade garnet korsar elektrodgarnet har visats öka stabiliteten av mätningen och reproducerbarheten mellan mätenheter. Resultaten som presenteras i de två artiklar som denna avhandling bygger på samt i avhandlingen själv visar på lovande potential för användandet av textila material för att integrera elektronisk och elektrokemisk funktionalitet i våra vardagsliv. Detta har uppnåtts genom att använda grundläggande textila material och tillverkningsprocesser för att tillverka komplexa enheter för olika tillämpningsområden så som sensorer för diagnostik samt elektroniska komponenter. / <p>QC 2020-08-21</p>