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Throughout the history of mankind, many infectious diseases have been treated with plant extracts. Venereal infections are one such group and are regarded as conditions that are highly responsive to traditional treatment. Aqueous, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of 13 plants used in South Africa for the treatment of venereal diseases were screened for in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, mutagenic and antimutagenic activities. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc-diffusion and microdilution assays to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the extracts. The extracts were tested against the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, and the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Among the plants tested, Gunnera perpensa, Harpephyllum caffrum, Hypoxis latifolia and Ledebouria ovatifolia showed the best antibacterial activity. The aqueous rhizome extract of Gunnera perpensa displayed good activity against Gram-negative bacteria with an MIC value of 0.78 mg/ml, and against S. aureus (0.78 mg/ml). Aqueous and ethanol extracts of H. caffrum bark were active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Hypoxis latifolia aqueous corm extracts exhibited very good MIC values against K. pneumoniae (0.78 mg/ml), E. coli and S. aureus (1.56 mg/ml). Ethanol and ethyl acetate bulb extracts of Ledebouria ovatifolia displayed good activity against Bacillus subtilis bacteria with MIC values of 0.78 mg/ml and 0.39 mg/ml respectively. Antifungal activity was evaluated using the microdilution bioassay. Good activity was shown by the ethanolic bark extracts of Bersama lucens and Harpephyllum caffrum against Candida albicans. Only in the case of Harpephyllum caffrum did aqueous extracts have activity against Candida albicans. In the Ames test, all plant extracts showed a negative genotoxic response except for ethanol and ethyl acetate bulb extracts of Cyrtanthus obliquus which induced mutations in TA98. Moderate antimutagenic activity was observed with the ethyl acetate extract of G. perpensa and the ethanolic extract of H. latifolia. High antibacterial and antifungal activity detected with Harpephyllum caffrum bark extracts resulted in an investigation on seasonal and geographical variation of this inhibitory activity. Seasonal variation in antibacterial and antifungal activities was investigated in order to determine the best collection time to ensure potential high medicinal activity in plant preparations. The highest inhibitory activity was detected with plant material collected in June and December 2003, with a decline in activity when collections were made in September 2004. The chemical profiles of TLC chromatograms were compared and little variation was found, particularly in the case of plant material obtained from the Botanic Garden of the University of KwaZulu-Natal and a 'Muthi' Shop in Pietermaritzburg. Identification of active compounds from G. perpensa and H. caffrum was not successful due to insufficient amounts of isolated fractions. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2006.

Among all the major infectious human diseases, gastro-intestinal infections caused by microbial pathogens are a major cause of morbidity and infant death in developing countries, largely due to inadequate sewage disposal and contaminated water. Traditional health practitioners in South Africa play a crucial role in providing health care to the majority of the population. Many plants are locally used by South African traditional healers to treat microbial infections related to gastro-intestinal tracts. Ethnopharmacological and ethnobotanical studies using traditional knowledge as a selection strategy has given priority to certain plants for isolation and identification of plant novel bioactive compounds. Pharmacological and phytochemical studies of the investigated twelve medicinal plant species (from 10 families) extensively used as antimicrobials against gastro-intestinal infections was necessary to validate the use of the plants. Furthermore, to provide sufficient preliminary information for the isolation and identification of active compounds that are present in the investigated plants. Plant parts were sequentially extracted using petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM) and 70% ethanol (EtOH). Cold water and boiled (decoction) extracts of the plant materials were prepared non- sequentially. Among the extracts, EtOH yielded the highest amount of plant substances. A total number of 85 extracts were evaluated for antibacterial activity, 80 for antifungal activity, 64 for anti-inflammatory activity, and 27 biologically active extracts were tested for genotoxicity. The microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration values in the antibacterial assay against two Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 11775 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883) and two Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 12600). A modified microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values in the antifungal assay against Candida albicans. Cyclooxygenase assay was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts against cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes. The plant extracts were screened first at a concentration of 250 ƒÊg/ml per test sample, and then further screened at concentrations of 125 and 62.5 ƒÊg/ml for extracts that inhibited the COX-2 enzyme. The Ames test was used to test for genotoxicity in extracts that showed interesting pharmacological activities using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98. Among the screened extracts, 25 extracts showed good antibacterial activity with MIC values . 1.0 mg/ml. Dichloromethane extracts exhibited the greatest antibacterial activity, and Gram-positive bacteria were most susceptible. The best antibacterial activity was exhibited by Becium obovatum leaf EtOH extracts with an MIC value of 0.074 mg/ml. A broad spectrum antibacterial activity was observed by leaf extracts of Cucumis hirsutus (PE), Haworthia limifolia (PE), Protea simplex (PE and DCM) and Dissotis princeps (EtOH) against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. No interesting antibacterial activity was exhibited by water extracts with the exception of Dissotis princeps water extract with a good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In the antifungal assay, 6 extracts showed interesting antifungal activity. Protea simplex leaf PE extract showed the best fungicidal activity with an MFC value of 0.014 mg/ml. The best overall antifungal activity was observed in plant EtOH extracts. Some extracts from Agapanthus campanulatus (leaves and roots), Dissotis princeps (leaves), Gladiolus dalenii (corms) and Protea simplex (leaves) showed good activity against Candida albicans. Twenty one extracts inhibited the COX-1 enzyme, while fifteen extracts inhibited the COX-2 enzyme at the lowest screening concentration of 62.5 ƒÊg/ml. The highest COX-1 inhibition at a concentration of 62.5 ƒÊg/ml was exhibited by Diospyros lycioides leaf PE extract (89.1%) while Agapanthus campanulatus root DCM extract showed the highest COX-2 inhibitory activity (83.7%) at the same concentration. In the Ames test, no genotoxicity was observed in any of the extracts, however more tests need to be done to confirm these results. Thin layer chromatograms of the organic solvent plant extracts were developed. The fingerprints of the plant extracts showed colours of bands at different Rf values when viewed under UV254 and UV366 suggesting that the investigated plant species contained different compounds in the extracts. In the quest to understand the source of the plants pharmacological activities, total phenolic compounds including condensed tannins, gallotannins and flavonoids were quantitatively investigated in terms of their amounts in the aqueous methanol extracts of the plants materials using spectrophotometric methods. Alkaloids and saponins were qualitatively determined. The amounts of total phenolics were determined by the Folin Ciocalteu assay, condensed tannins were determined by the butanol-HCl assay, while rhodanine and vanillin assays were used to determine the amounts of gallotannins and flavonoids respectively. Dragendorff reagent was used to detect alkaloids in the plant extracts on thin layer chromatographic plates, while the froth test was employed to detect saponins. Secondary metabolites varied with plant parts and species with Cyperus textilis (leaf) having the highest amounts of total phenolics, condensed tannins and flavonoids. The highest amount of gallotannins was detected in Protea simplex leaf extracts. All the investigated plant materials with the exception of Haworthia limifolia leaf, Protea simplex leaf, Antidesma venosum leaf and Dissotis princeps leaf tested positively to saponins. Alkaloids were detected in Haworthia limifolia leaf (PE and EtOH), Cucumis hirsutus leaf (EtOH), Becium obovatum root (DCM), Protea simplex root and bark (EtOH), Agapanthus campanulatus root (DCM) and leaf (EtOH), Cyperus textilis root (DCM), Vernonia natalensis leaf (PE), Antidesma venosum leaf (PE), Diospyros lycioides leaf (PE) and Dissotis princeps leaf (DCM) extracts. The results obtained from the investigation of the pharmacology and phytochemistry of the plant species used to treat microbial infections related to gastro-intestinal tracts, provide sufficient preliminary information to validate the use of some of the plants in traditional medicine. The information provided might be considered sufficient for further studies aimed at isolating and identifying the active compounds in the plant species, and evaluating possible synergism amongst the isolated compounds. / Thesis (M.Sc)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2009.

Safety, tolerability and efficacy of itraconazole and amphotericin B (AMB) were compared for empirical antifungal treatment of febrile neutropenic cancer patients. Patients and Methods: In an open, randomised study, 162 patients with at least 72 h of antimicrobial treatment received either intravenous followed by oral itraconazole suspension or intravenous AMB for a maximum of 28 days. Permanent discontinuation of study medication due to any adverse event was the primary safety parameter. Efficacy parameters included response and success rate for both treatment groups. Results: Significantly fewer itraconazole patients discontinued treatment due to any adverse event (22.2 vs. 56.8% AMB; p < 0.0001). The main reason for discontinuation was a rise in serum creatinine (1.2% itraconazole vs. 23.5% AMB). Renal toxicity was significantly higher and more drug-related adverse events occurred in the AMB group. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis showed favourable efficacy for itraconazole: response and success rate were both significantly higher than for AMB (61.7 vs. 42% and 70.4 vs. 49.3%, both p < 0.0001). Treatment failure was markedly reduced in itraconazole patients (25.9 vs. 43.2%), largely due to the better tolerability. Conclusions: Itraconazole was tolerated significantly better than conventional AMB and also showed advantages regarding efficacy. This study confirms the role of itraconazole as a useful and safe agent in empirical antifungal therapy of febrile neutropenic cancer patients. / Hintergrund: Es wurden die Sicherheit, Verträglichkeit und Wirksamkeit von Itraconazol und Amphotericin B (AMB) in der antimykotischen Therapie der persistierend febrilen Neutropenie verglichen. Patienten und Methoden: In einer offenen, randomisierten Studie erhielten 162 Patienten mit mindestens 72-stündiger antibiotischer Therapie entweder Itraconazol (erst intravenös, dann oral) oder AMB (intravenös) für maximal 28 Tage. Primärer Sicherheitsparameter war die dauerhafte Unterbrechung der Studienmedikation aufgrund von Nebenwirkungen. Die Wirksamkeitsparameter umfassten die Ansprech- und Erfolgsrate für beide Behandlungsgruppen. Ergebnisse: Signifikant weniger Itraconazol-Patienten brachen die Behandlung wegen Nebenwirkungen ab (22,2 vs. 56,8% AMB; p < 0,0001). Hauptursache für Studienabbrüche war der Anstieg des Serum-Kreatinin-Spiegels (1,2% Itraconazol vs. 23,5% AMB). Nephrotoxische und weitere Nebenwirkungen traten im AMB-Studienarm signifikant häufiger auf. Intention-to-Treat (ITT)-Analysen zeigten eine bessere Wirksamkeit von Itraconazol: Ansprech- und Erfolgsrate waren signifikant höher als unter AMB (61,7 vs. 42% und 70,4 vs. 49,3%, beide p < 0,0001). Behandlungsversagen trat bei Itraconazol-Patienten merklich weniger auf (25,9 vs. 43,2%). Schlussfolgerungen: Die Verträglichkeit von Itraconazol war signifikant höher als beim herkömmlichen AMB. Itraconazol zeigte ebenfalls Vorteile in der Wirksamkeit. Diese Studie bestätigt die Rolle von Itraconazol als sinnvolles und sicheres Medikament in der empirischen antimykotischen Therapie von fiebrigen neutropenischen Tumorpatienten. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:59:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 819195 bytes, checksum: 00bb6e156c9bc61f631332e47253375e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Due increase of incidence of fungal infections for Candida albicans and Aspergillus spp. in immunocompromised patients, and emerging resistant strains to conventional antifungals, it is accentuated the need for new antifungal. Essential oils have been tested for antimycotic activity and possess potential as antifungal agents. This work investigated the activity of essential oil of Cymbopogon winterianus against Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and A. fumigatus, by MIC and MFC; time-kill methods and morphological changes in the C. albicans, inhibition of the fungal mycelial growth and analysis of conidia germination of Aspergillus flavus and A. fumigatus when exposed to several concentrations of oil and by cellular leakage and assessed the bind of essential oil with ergosterol. The results shown that essential oil had concentrationdependent antifungal activity, alters the morphology in C. albicans, inhibits conidia germination and the radial mycelia growth of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus, causes cellular leakage of all strains of fungal species tested and binds to ergosterol. These results make essential oil of Cymbopogon winterianus a potential agent in controlling fungi growth that cause infections, like hospital-acquired infections. / Devido ao aumento na incidência de infecções fúngicas por Candida albicans e Aspergillus spp. em pacientes imunocomprometidos, e ao surgimento de cepas resistentes aos antifúngicos convencionais, é crescente a necessidade de novos antifúngicos. Óleos essenciais têm sido testados contra fungos, e possuem potencial como agentes antifúngicos. Este trabalho investigou a atividade do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon winterianus contra Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus e A. fumigatus, através da Concentração Inibitória Mímima (CIM), da Concentração Fungicida Mínima (CFM), do tempo de morte e de mudanças morfológicas em C. albicans; da inibição do crescimento radial fúngico e da análise da germinação dos conídios de Aspergillus flavus e A. fumigatus quando expostos a várias concentrações do óleo e através da lise celular e da ligação do óleo essencial com o ergosterol. Os resultados mostraram que o óleo essencial tem atividade antifúngica dependente da concentração, altera a morfologia de C. albicans, inibe a germinação de conídios e o crescimento micelial radial de Aspergillus flavus e Aspergillus fumigatus, causa lise celular de todas as cepas dos fungos testados e se liga ao ergosterol. Estes resultados fazem do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon winterianus um potencial agente no controle do crescimento de fungos que podem causar infecções, como aquelas que acontecem no ambiente hospitalar.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:59:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1755870 bytes, checksum: 96ad104e1f5d7b4eee083c5643e9708f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The candidiasis is a fungal opportunistic infections involving Candida. In Brazil, the specie C. tropicalis is the second most commonly isolated after C. albicans. The emergence of strains resistant to conventional antifungal agents has increased the search for new alternatives from natural products, especially essential oils. This study investigated the activity of essential oil (EO) Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.(clove) on strains of C. tropicalis by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC), Micromorphology, fungal viability (time-kill) and checkerboard. The CIM and CFM were respectively 512 and 1024 μg/mL for the essential oil and 2 μg/mL for amphotericin B. When we evaluated the action of OE and amphotericin B on the morphology of the clinical strain, we observed inhibition of the formation of hyphae and pseudohyphae, which are important virulence factors in the development of candidiasis. There was also the essential oil has a concentration-dependent antifungal activity and that the association of OE and amphotericin B demonstrated effect additive. Given this, it is concluded that the essential oil of E. caryophyllata showed a strong inhibitory activity against C.tropicalis and thus can be considered as a potential product with antifungal properties, especially for the treatment of candidiasis. / As candidíases são infecções fúngicas de caráter oportunista, envolvendo leveduras do gênero Candida. No Brasil, a espécie C. tropicalis é a segunda mais comumente isolada após C. albicans. O surgimento de cepas resistentes aos antifúngicos convencionais tem aumentado a busca por novas alternativas provenientes de produtos naturais, em especial os óleos essenciais. Este trabalho investigou a atividade do óleo essencial (OE) de Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. (cravo-da-índia) sobre cepas de C. tropicalis, através da Determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM), da Concentração Fungicida Mínima (CFM), do efeito sobre micromorfologia, da viabilidade fúngica (time-kill) e ensaio de sinergismo (checkerboard). A CIM e CFM foram 512 e 1024 μg/mL, respectivamente, para o óleo essencial e 2 μg/mL para anfotericina B. Quando foi avaliada a ação do OE e da anfotericina B sobre a micromorfologia da cepa clínica, observou-se inibição da formação das hifas e pseudohifas, que são fatores de virulência importantes no desenvolvimento das candidíases. Observou-se também o óleo essencial tem atividade antifúngica dependente da concentração e do tempo, e que a associação do OE e anfotericina B demonstrou efeito aditivo.Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que o óleo essencial de E. caryophyllata apresenta forte atividade antifúngica, podendo ser objeto para estudos mais aprofundados acerca dessa atividade.

Orientador: Rinaldo Poncio Mendes / Resumo: A paracoccidioidomicose (PCM) é micose granulomatosa sistêmica causada por fungos termodimórficos do gênero Paracoccidioides. O presente estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a atividade da liriodenina, extraída de Annona macroprophyllata Donn. Sm, sobre isolados clínicos e cepas padrão de fungos do gênero Paracoccidioides e outras espécies que causam micoses sistêmicas e, através de um estudo-piloto realizado em modelo murino, avaliar a absorção da liriodenina e possíveis efeitos indesejáveis. A concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e concentração fungicida mínima (CFM) da liriodenina foram determinadas pelo método de microdiluição. As alterações celulares causadas pela liriodenina em P. brasiliensis / cepa padrão Pb18 foram avaliadas pela microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET) e de varredura (MEV). Em estudo-piloto, quatro camundongos isogênicos albinos, da linhagem BALB/c, foram utilizados para avaliar a absorção e os efeitos indesejáveis da liriodenina. Os animais, sem infecção, foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1, com dois camundongos que receberam a dose de 0,75 mg.kg-1 e grupo 2, com dois camundongos que receberam a dose de 1,50 mg.kg-1, em única tomada. Após seis e 12 horas após a administração, os animais foram sacrificados e amostras de sangue foram coletadas para a determinação dos níveis séricos. Os intestinos foram coletados para exame histológico. O teste de sensibilidade in vitro revelou que a liriodenina possui atividade sobre parte dos fungos do gênero P... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is systemic granulomatous mycosis caused by thermodymorphic fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides. The present study aimed to evaluate the activity of liriodenine, extracted from Annona macroprophyllata Donn. Sm on clinical isolates and standard strains of fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides and other species that cause systemic mycoses and, through a pilot study conducted in a murine model, to assess the absorption of liriodenine and possible undesirable effects. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (CFM) of liriodenine were determined by the microdilution method. Cellular alterations caused by liriodenin in P. brasiliensis / Pb18 standard strain were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In a pilot study, four albino isogenic mice of the BALB / c strain were used to assess the absorption and undesirable effects of liriodenine. The animals, without infection, were divided into two groups: group 1, with two mice receiving the dose of 0.75 mg.kg-1 and group 2, with two mice receiving the dose of 1.50 mg.kg- 1 , in single outlet. After six and 12 hours after administration, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for the determination of serum levels. The intestines were collected for histological examination. The in vitro sensitivity test revealed that liriodenine has activity on part of fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides, with MIC v... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Orientador: Eduardo Luiz Bagagli / Resumo: Infecções fúngicas causadas por leveduras constituem um dos maiores problemas em pacientes hospitalizados em todo o mundo e têm se tornado uma importante causa de morbidade e mortalidade. Embora Candida albicans seja a espécie mais frequentemente isolada e sua forma de infecção ocorra geralmente por translocação endógena, tem-se observado um aumento das espécies não-albicans, com destaque para o complexo C. parapsilosis, cuja principal forma de infecção é exógena, provavelmente pelas mãos dos profissionais de saúde. Este trabalho propôs estudar os aspectos microbiológicos e ambientais das candidemias, com especial atenção para o complexo Candida parapsilosis, no hospital terciário HC/FMB/UNESP, Botucatu, utilizando-se de métodos moleculares, busca ativa dos agentes no ambiente hospitalar (ar, superfícies e mãos de profissionais de saúde), bem como determinar os fatores de virulência e susceptibilidade aos antifúngicos destas espécies e associação com o desfecho clínico. Os isolados clínicos (obtidos de hemoculturas, período 2007-2015) e ambientais (período 2014-2015) de C. parapsilosis sensu lato foram identificados pelo meio CHROMagar Candida, Vitek-2, sequenciamento do rDNA e perfis dos inteins VMA e ThrRS. Fatores de virulência (produção de proteinase, fosfolipase e biofilme) e perfis de susceptibilidade aos antifúngicos anfotericina B, fluconazol, voriconazol, caspofungina e micafungina foram estimados, e dados clínicos obtidos junto aos prontuários dos pacientes. Dentre ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Fungal infections caused by yeasts are serious problems in hospitalized patients around the globe and have become a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Although Candida albicans is the most frequently isolated species and its infection usually occurs by endogenous translocation, an increase of non-albicans species has been observed, with emphasys for the C. parapsilosis complex, whose main route of infection is exogenous, probably by the hands of health professionals. This work proposes to study the microbiological and environmental aspects of candidemia, with special attention to the C. parapsilosis complex, in a public tertiary hospital HC/FMB/UNESP, in Botucatu, using the molecular methods, active search of agents in the hospital environment (air, surfaces and hands of health professionals), as well as to determine the virulence factors and susceptibility to the antifungals of these species and correlate with the patient clinical outcomes. The clinical isolates (obtained of the blood cultures, 2007-2015 period) and environmental (2014-2015 period) of the C. parapsilosis sensu lato were identified by CHROMagar Candida medium, Vitek-2, rDNA sequencing and VMA and ThrRS inteins profiles. Virulence factors (production of proteinase, phospholypase and biofilm) and profiles of susceptibility to antifungals amphotericin B, fluconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin and micafungin were estimated, and the clinical data were obtained from patient’s records. Among the clinical isolat... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Submitted by Deyse Queiroz (deysequeirozz@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-05T13:11:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO HOLANDA DA CUNHA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2018..pdf: 1249369 bytes, checksum: 6fd10dae8346a148f59677b96d3a3f5a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-05T13:11:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO HOLANDA DA CUNHA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2018..pdf: 1249369 bytes, checksum: 6fd10dae8346a148f59677b96d3a3f5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-05 / Neste trabalho buscou-se investigar a composição química, o efeito antifúngico e antibacteriano do extrato da própolis preta, in vitro, em leveduras do gênero Candida e bactérias do grupo Staphylococcus aureus, respectivamente. A princípio obteve-se as amostras de 06 (seis) espécies de Candida spp. e 01(uma) de Sthaphylococus aureus por doação. Assim como, a própolis proveniente da jurema preta, cedida pelo apiário Edimel. A própolis preta foi extraída e sua composição química foi caracterizada por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência. Posteriormente, os extratos hidroalcoolicos da própolis preta foram elaborados por dois métodos, a saber: maceração a quente e Soxhlet, com o intuito de se obervar a melhor forma de obter a melhor síntese e seu rendimento do referido extrato. Em seguida, as leveduras do gênero Candida sp foram reidratadas e semeadas, enquanto que a bactéria Sthaphylococus aureus foi replicada. As amostras viáveis foram testadas quanto ao perfil de sensibilidade considerando-o como sensível, sensibilidade dose-dependente e resistente utilizando como método de referência o teste de difusão em disco, de acordo com os documentos M44-A2 e M2-A8 do Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, respectivamente. Os resultados evidenciaram que o perfil químico da própolis preta consta de 14 substâncias químicas, e dentre elas, destacam-se as maiores concentrações para o ácido 3,4-dihidroxibenzoico (14,19 mg/mL), a rutina (12,71 mg/mL), o ácido transcinâmico (6,25 mg/mL), sendo esses responsáveis por atividade antioxidante e antibacteriana. Os processos de extração hidroalcoólica da própolis por maceração a quente e por soxhlet, resultaram respectivamente, em 43,6% e 57,6% de rendimento. Sugerindo que a extração por soxhlet apresentou melhor viabilidade, em virtude de redução de tempo e aumento na temperatura frente à maceração a quente. No que concerne, a reidratação e semeaduras das culturas de leveduras do gênero Candida sp, 100% das amostras apresentaram crescimento satisfatório para o desenvolvimento dos testes de sensibilidade. No entanto, o extrato hidroalcoólico de própolis preta testado nas concentrações de 26,4 mg/mL (33%), 52,8 mg/mL (66%) e 79,2 mg/mL (99%) e do álcool etílico a 70%, todos frente ao crescimento das 06 (seis) espécies de Candida, que se observaram ser resistentes ao extrato, enquanto para o fluconazol na concentração de 25 mg/mL, marcador antifúngico, foram sensíveis. Já, para o teste de difusão em disco com o extrato hidroalcoólico de própolis preta testado nas concentrações de 26,4 mg/mL (33%), 52,8 mg/mL (66%) e 79,2 mg/mL (99%), bem como do cloranfenicol na concentração de 30 mg/mL e do álcool etílico a 70%, frente ao crescimento da espécie de Staphylococcus aureus, estes apresentaram sensibilidades frente ao marcador antibacteriano e aos extratos. A formação dos halos por S. Aureus, indicando a sensibilidade tanto para os extratos hidroalcoólicos da própolis preta, cujos diâmetros foram entre 19 a 25,3 mm, e no marcador (Cloranfenicol) com diâmetro entre 30 a 30,1 mm. Em suma, pode ser afirmado que a própolis preta apresentou atividade antibacteriana para bactérias da espécie Staphyloccocus aureus, não havendo atividade antifúngica frente as leveduras do gênero cândida. Efeito esse relacionado à presença de compostos fenólicos e flavonóides, e que a predominância da concentração desses compostos bioativos, influencia na ação biológica dos microorganismos, estudados neste trabalho, Candida sp e Staphylococus aureus, em virtude de ter apresentado inibição e sensibilidade, respectivamente para esses microorganismos. / We studied the chemical composition of the black propolis extract, and its in vitro antifungal and antibacterial effects against yeasts of the genus Candida spp. (six species) and the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The propolis from Mimosa hostilis (Jurema-preta) flowers was provided by the Edimel apiary. Black propolis was extracted, and its chemical composition was measured by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Hydroalcoholic extracts of black propolis were done through two methods, hot maceration and Soxhlet, to obtain the best synthesis and yield. The yeasts were rehydrated and sown, whereas the bacterium was replicated. Viable samples were tested for sensitivity profile and classified as: sensitive, dose-dependent, and resistant. For the disc diffusion test, we followed reference methods described in the M44-A2 and M2-A8 documents of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, respectively for Candida spp. and S. aureus. The chemical profile of black propolis comprises 14 chemical substances. The compounds with highest concentrations were: protocatechuic acid (14.19 mg/mL), rutin (12.71 mg/mL), and transcinnamic acid (6.25 mg/mL), which were responsible for the antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The hydroalcoholic extraction processes of propolis by hot maceration and Soxhlet resulted in yields of 43.6% and 57.6%, respectively. Thus, the Soxhlet extraction showed better viability due to its faster extraction and increase in temperature. After rehydration and sowing, all samples of yeast cultures showed satisfactory growth for the sensitivity tests. All Candida species were resistant to the extract of black propolis (at the concentrations of 26.4 mg/mL – 33%; 52.8 mg/mL – 66%; and 79.2 mg/mL – 99%), and to 70% ethanol, whereas they were sensitive to fluconazole at 25 mg/mL, the antifungal marker. The S. aureus was sensitive to the extracts at all concentrations and to chloramphenicol at 30 mg/mL, the antibacterial marker. The halos around the discs show the sensitivity of S. aureus to both hydroalcoholic extracts of black propolis, whose diameters ranged from 19 to 25.3 mm, while the marker halos ranged from 30 to 30.1 mm. So, the black propolis showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus but no antifungal activity against Candida spp. The antibacterial activity occurred due to the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The predominance of these bioactive compounds affects the biological activity of microorganisms.