The focus of this dissertation is on performance indicators – specifically, retention and graduation indicators - that impact allocation of the ever-dwindling public sources of money. Decreasing revenue trends make understanding the performance indicators that are often used to fund postsecondary institutions very important. There is a significant amount of literature on funding, types of funding, and performance indicators used in funding; however, there is very little literature on quantitative differences on standard performance indicators in 2-year and 4- year postsecondary institutions. The purpose of this study is to look at retention and graduation rates for part-time and full-time students in public institutions of higher education in the United States. Retention and graduation rates for first-time full and part-time students from the Integrated Postsecondary Educational Data Systems (IPEDS), within the National Center for Educational Statistics, for the years 2005, 2006, and 2007, will be examined to determine if there are differences between two-year and four-year post secondary institutions.

by Cho Yee Fun, Yvonne. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1989. / Bibliography: leaves 123-127.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T17:53:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / É recorrente a idéia de que os manuais de redação têm por objetivo controlar, unificar e modelar as redações dos jornais em acordo com os interesses jornalísticos e econômicos das empresas, demonstrando ser instrumentos a serviço da manipulação dos leitores/receptores. Este trabalho se situa na tentativa de demonstrar que, para além destas características marcadamente ideologizadas, identificadas por muitos nos conteúdos expressos dos manuais de redação, há um conjunto de relações que se formam quando estes dispositivos se encontram à disposição de seus usuários, neste caso, os jornalistas. Ou seja, este trabalho objetiva identificar neste processo de circulação, os “descompassos” existentes entre aquilo que os manuais definem como o ideal para a produção do jornal e aquilo que os jornalistas realizam quando da elaboração do produto, a notícia. No processo de produção, no qual os manuais de redação participam como suporte linear e por vezes definitivo, surge um conjunto de táticas e estratégias que acabam po / It is recurrent the idea that the stile books object to control, unify and model the newspapers editorials in accordance with the journalistic and economic interests of theses companies, demonstrating been a instrument in service of the manipulation of the readers/receptors. This work takes place in the attempt to demonstrate that, beyond those markedly ideologized characteristics, identified by many in the subjects expressed in the stile books, there is a conjunct of relations that are formed when these dispositives are available for its users, in this case, the journalists. That is, this work objective to identify in this process of circulation, the “out of rhythm” between what the stile books define as the ideal for the newspaper production and what the journalists put into practice in the elaboration of the product, the news. In the process of production, of which the stile books participate as a linear support and some times definitive, appears a conjunct of tactics and strategies that end up participat

Submitted by Vanessa Nunes (vnunes@unisinos.br) on 2015-03-21T14:18:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LuisCerveira.pdf: 1700757 bytes, checksum: 5574e6fbbc95b66b1859302c93c7c73a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-21T14:18:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuisCerveira.pdf: 1700757 bytes, checksum: 5574e6fbbc95b66b1859302c93c7c73a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta tese tem por objetivo compreender as apropriações e ressignificações que foram feitas do conceito comunero – empregado pela primeira vez nas revoltas comuneras de Castela (1520-1522) – pelos diferentes atores sociais envolvidos nos levantes rebeldes ocorridos no Paraguai colonial. Para tanto, reconstituímos e analisamos os processos das três revoltas que têm sido referidas como movimentos comuneros pela historiografia e, fundamentados nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos de Quentin Skinner e de Michel de Certeau, questionamos esta interpretação consolidada e largamente difundida. / This dissertation has as its objective to understand the appropriations and resignifications that were made of the comunero concept, employees for the first time in comuneros revolts de Castile (1520-1522) by different social actors involved in the rebel uprisings that took place in Colonial Paraguay. For this, we reconstitute and analyze the process of the three revolts that have been referred to as comuneros movements by historiography grounded in the presupposed theoretical methodological assumptions of Quentin Skinner and Michel de Certeau, we question this consolidated and widespread interpretation.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Pereira Goncalves.pdf: 3857211 bytes, checksum: 2115a9dc4bc60857b07d75c4602aba24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis aims to investigate the trajectory of Plínio Salgado for the formation and development of Brazilian integralism in its various stages, seeking multiple discursive matrices and cultural circularity in the field of appropriation, observing the process of cultural circularity in dealing with Lusitanian components. The analysis has established discussions with reference to bibliographical productions such as doctrinal, political, literary and religious, as well as manifestos, interviews and testimonials, that is, bibliographical elements that contributed to the understanding of Brazilian integralism, especially with regard to the leader Plínio Salgado, who was the main mentor of the movement. On the basis of the concept of political culture, the investigation has proposed the analysis of evolutionary thought of the integralist leader by focusing on the context of Lusitanian influence and basically Catholic, precept that accompanied him throughout his life. The research has been organized based on the understanding of the author's works since his first productions from the 1910s to his last writings in 1975. Belonging to a traditional and conservative family from the interior of the state of São Paulo, he was born in 1895 in the city of São Bento do Sapucaí. Still as a young man, he went to São Paulo where he excelled intellectually in the 1920s so as to subsequently form, in the following decade, the first mass movement in Brazil, the Brazilian Integralist Action. With multiple matrices, Salgado had the purpose of constructing an original political doctrine. However, the circularity of ideas of the period made the Head suffer considerable influences on the formation of his thought, having in Portugal the doctrinal example, Lusitanian Integralism: a movement with a nationalist character of the radical right wing that had visible formation based on the precursor of conservatism, the Action Française, which, as well as all the political groups of the early twentieth century, established a practical response to the theory given by Pope Leo XIII in 1891 through the encyclical Rerum Novarum. After the Lusitanian influence on the formation of Plínio s thought and idealization of integralism, once again Portugal was a highlight in the doctrinal organization of the author, when he was exiled between 1939 and 1946, a period of time which he used to reorder his thought, actions and political articulations, keeping Catholic spiritualism as a central force. With the end of the period of Vargas dictatorship, he returned to Brazil and declared himself to be Luso-Brazilian, becoming a supreme supporter of the politics of António de Oliveira Salazar, an image that he followed until the end of his life. One of the proposals of the thesis lies in the approach to the integralist movement from a multiplicity of perspectives, but predominantly in a comparative analysis with Portugal. The current thesis has searched for the verification of political actions so as to contribute to a better understanding of the relation between Portugal and Brazil, through the analysis of the radical conservatism enlarging this focus on the Portuguese right wing. The Christian political thought of the author holds a significant importance to the Political History of the 20th century, not only for Brazil, due to the fact that his actions and dialogues established with Lusitanian groups have been fundamental to the comprehension of the political matters of the two countries / Esta tese tem como objetivo a investigação da trajetória de Plínio Salgado para a formação e o desenvolvimento do integralismo brasileiro em suas mais variadas fases, buscando as múltiplas matrizes discursivas e a circularidade cultural no campo das apropriações, observando o processo de circularidade cultural no trato com os componentes lusitanos. A análise estabeleceu discussões com referência à produção doutrinária, política, literária e religiosa, além de manifestos, entrevistas e depoimentos, ou seja, elementos bibliográficos que contribuíram para a compreensão do integralismo brasileiro, notadamente em relação ao líder Plínio Salgado, que foi o principal mentor do movimento. Com base no conceito de cultura política, a investigação propôs a análise do pensamento evolutivo do líder integralista centrada no contexto de influência lusitana e basicamente católica, preceito que o acompanhou por toda a vida. A pesquisa foi organizada com base na compreensão das obras do autor, desde as primeiras produções na década de 1910 até seus últimos escritos em 1975. Pertencente a uma família conservadora e tradicional do interior paulista, nasceu em 1895, na cidade de São Bento do Sapucaí. Ainda jovem foi para São Paulo onde se destacou intelectualmente nos anos de 1920, para posteriormente formar, na década seguinte, o primeiro movimento de massa do Brasil: a Ação Integralista Brasileira. Com matrizes múltiplas, Salgado tinha como propósito a construção de uma doutrina política original. No entanto a circularidade de ideias do período fez com que o Chefe sofresse influências consideráveis para a formação de seu pensamento, tendo, em Portugal, o exemplo doutrinário, o Integralismo Lusitano: um movimento de cunho nacionalista da direita radical que teve visível formação embasada na precursora do conservadorismo, a Action Française, que assim como todos os grupos políticos do princípio do século XX estabeleceram uma resposta prática à teoria proferida pelo Papa Leão XIII, em 1891, através da Rerum Novarum. Após a influência lusitana na formação do pensamento pliniano e a idealização do integralismo, novamente Portugal foi um destaque na organização doutrinária do autor, quando ficou exilado nos anos de 1939 a 1946, momento que utilizou para reordenar o seu pensamento, ações e articulações políticas, tendo a vertente do espiritualismo católico como força central. Com o fim do período ditatorial varguista, retornou para o Brasil com a afirmação de ser um luso-brasileiro, passando a ser um defensor supremo da política de António de Oliveira Salazar, imagem que seguiu até o fim da vida. Uma das propostas da tese está na abordagem do movimento integralista a partir de uma multiplicidade de perspectivas, mas com predominância de uma análise comparativa com Portugal. A tese buscou a verificação das ações políticas a fim de contribuir para o melhor entendimento da relação Portugal-Brasil, através da análise do conservadorismo radical ampliando esse foco com o português. O pensamento político-cristão do autor possui uma importância significativa para a História Política do século XX, não só para o Brasil, pois suas ações e os diálogos estabelecidos com grupos lusitanos são fundamentais para a compreensão da política dos dois países

Si le numérique transforme le secteur de l’énergie, l’ampleur et les formes prises par cette évolution restent à étudier. La conception du compteur communicant Linky a été accompagnée dès 2005 de nombreuses tentatives de redéfinition des conduites individuelles, prônant l’avènement d’un « consommateur intelligent » (smart consumer), qui repose à la fois sur une logique d’ouverture des marchés de l’énergie et sur un principe d’économie et de transition énergétique. Or, l’installation de cette nouvelle technologie, déjà installée dans de nombreux autres pays depuis le début des années 2000, fait débat, et ce, depuis son lancement expérimental en 2010.Contre une rationalité sans lieu et sans histoire du compteur Linky, cette thèse en sociologie de l’innovation propose d’analyser les formes de politisation et les modalités d’appropriation que suscitent la conception, la réception et le fonctionnement de cette nouvelle technologie. Cette étude met en évidence que les qualifications du compteur Linky dépassent les espaces de conception : le sens et les appropriations se construisent au sein des mondes sociaux parties prenantes du compteur Linky. À chacune des étapes d’innovation dans les mondes sociaux étudiés du compteur Linky, de nouvelles controverses apparaissent, s’articulant autour de débats en apparence très éloignés les uns des autres. Le compteur Linky, en tant qu’infrastructure de numérisation du monde de l’énergie, agit ainsi comme un révélateur de nouvelles interrogations, à l’aune de débats contemporains sur la consommation, la santé, et le numérique, tels que négociés par plusieurs « entrepreneurs de cause », qu’ils soient professionnels ou non (défenseurs de la protection des données personnelles, collectifs électrohypersensibles, promoteurs de la transition énergétique, militants de l’ouverture des données personnelles, personnels de terrain). Omniprésente, les figures de l’usager et du citoyen n’ont de cesse d’être invoquées au sein de ces régimes de dénonciations : usager acteur de ses consommations, précaires énergétiques, victimes sanitaires, personnes dont la vie privée est atteinte, etc.Braquer le projecteur sur la nouveauté du compteur Linky ou les controverses médiatiques qu’il suscite masque en partie l’ensemble des régulations à l’œuvre opérées par les mondes sociaux du compteur Linky : la thèse montre que les dynamiques de controverses sont liées à des spécificités locales (histoire sociopolitique des territoires ; réseaux associatifs et politiques ; caractéristiques des parcs de compteurs analogiques). L’étude de la relation de service des professionnels de terrain/clients montre également le poids des régulations de proximité : après une intense phase de résolution de litiges, les professionnels vont resserrer le sens et les usages de l’infrastructure dans le cadre d’une relation de service pacifiée autour de la figure d’un client honnête tenu à distance de son infrastructure de comptage. Le compteur Linky — cequ’il devrait être, ce qu’il devient finalement — donne à voir une pluralité de modèles de société (société sobre en économies d’énergie, société « connectée », etc.). C’est à l’analyse de ce processus, de cette « mise en société », présidant la transformation et l’adaptation du compteur Linky, que cette thèse est consacrée.Cette recherche, en partenariat avec le Groupe de Recherche Énergie, Technologie et Société (EDF Lab), s’appuie sur près de 135 entretiens et des observations ethnographiques (en Île-de-France, dans le sud-ouest, en Indre-et-Loire et dans la métropole lyonnaise), menés avec l’ensemble des parties prenantes, de la conception et de la diffusion, sur l’étude de deux terrains contrastés d’expérimentation du compteur Linky, ainsi que d’analyses de contenus médiatiques et d’archives historiques des entreprises de l’énergie. / While digital technologies are transforming the energy sector, the scale and forms taken by this evolution remains to be studied. Through smart grids, digitization has been established as an indisputable rational imperative, even becoming the roadmap of the French public authorities with the communicating counter called "Linky". Following a social consultation initiated in 2005, the design of this tool was accompanied by numerous attempts to redefine individual behaviour, advocating the advent of a "smart consumer", which is based both on a logic of opening of the energy markets and on a principle of economy and energy transition. However, the implementation of this new technology (almost a third of the residential park already replaced in September 2018), already installed in many other countries since the early 2000s, is regularly debated in the public space and since its experimental launch in 2010.Advocating against a placeless and a-historical approach of the Linky counter, this thesis in sociology of innovation analyses the forms of politicization and the modes of appropriation that arise in the processes of conception, reception and operation of this new technology. The conditions of development and uses of the meter go beyond technological issues. At each of the stages of innovation in the social worlds studied by the Linky Meter, new controversies emerge, revolving around debates seemingly far apart from each other. The Linky meter, as a digitization infrastructure of the world of energy, triggers questions. Ubiquitous, the figure of the citizen is constantly invoked within these regimes of denunciations: users monitoring their consumptions, precarious access to energy, health casualties, people whose privacy is breached, etc. The actors oppose the Linky counter on the basis of the defence of the general interest (to the detriment of particular interests) and of the protection of citizens, often setting the focus on vulnerable ones (consumers, workers, health victims). This study shows how contestation, both in the company and in the public space, interferes with the development of the communicating meter and sometimes manages to block the emergence of certain technical features or modify their course. The development and politicization of the Linky meter is not only mediated by actors from the worlds of energy and their concerns, but is also updated in the light of contemporary debates. Questions of consumption, health, and digital are endorsed by claims makers, both professional and volunteers (defenders of personal data protection, electro hypersensitive collectives, promoters of the energy transition, activists advocating against the opening of personal data, field staff). The Linky Meter - what it should be, what it ultimately becomes, reveals a plurality of social models (low-energy society, connected society, etc.). The thesis explores the ways in which Linky meter is being embedded in society and thereby transformed and adapted.This research, in partnership with the Research Group Energy Technology and Society (EDF Lab), is based on nearly 135 interviews and ethnographic observations in Île-de-France, in the southwest, in Indre-et-Loire, and in the Lyon metropolis), conducted with all stakeholders, design and dissemination, as well as the study of two contrasting test sites of the Linky meter.

Public higher education has evolved over time under the control of each individual state. The public system in each state is made up of distinctive types of institutions that together provide higher education in different formats. Public institutions may largely be classified into three groups based on the level of education provided including community colleges, regional institutions, and research universities. While the institutions employed are largely the same in each state, the extent to which each is utilized and the support given reflect the individual characteristics of the state. This dissertation examines appropriations and enrollments by state and year in three classifications of universities: research universities, regional universities, and community colleges. The appropriations and enrollments in regional and community settings are measured relative to the same for research universities. The explanatory variables are political, economic, and demographic variables relevant in state finance to the allocation of state budgets. There are three empirical chapters. The first uses Granger causality concepts to examine whether appropriations and enrollment have strong predictive effects on each other in the following year. Enrollment has no such effect on appropriations, while there is a weak effect the other way. The second chapter studies relative appropriations, finding that the proportion of appropriations allocated to regional institutions has remained consistent, while states have proportionally shifted toward community colleges. The third chapter studies enrollment, which is very stable for regional universities and has shifted toward community colleges relative to research universities. Again, political and economic factors are somewhat different in these models. Examining year effects net of economics and politics, there are no such effects on appropriations; but for enrollment, regional universities grew somewhat relative to research universities in the earlier years (1986 to 1993), and community colleges grew throughout the period with pauses. The Great Recession is clearly visible in community college enrollments, growing as usual during an economic downturn.

M. Tech. Business Administration / Since 1994, South African local government has undergone significant financial reforms. Recently reform implementation has been focused on the budgeting and financial affairs of municipalities with the promulgation of the Municipal Budget and Reporting Regulations. Objectives included the modernisation of the financial planning and budgeting processes of municipalities in achieving higher levels of accountability, transparency, and appropriate lines of responsibility within the local government accountability cycle. Among other dimensions of financial planning, this reform introduced cash flow forecasting as a management tool in ensuring the budget is appropriately funded, resulting in implementation as planned. Notwithstanding these objectives, municipalities continuously face cash and liquidity challenges questioning the effectiveness of these reform efforts. The methodology incorporated a variance analysis of the budget as planned versus implementation, and a performance 'trend' instrument similar to a Likert scale for comparing municipal performance of six metropolitan municipalities. A general questionnaire was circulated to municipal finance practitioners in testing their opinion and attitude towards cash flow forecasting. The research is concluded with a structured interview with chief financial officers. The research finds that, although improvements can be observed, they have been at a slow and low-key pace owing to capacity limitations, an instrumentalist approach to reform implementation and the significant rate of change associated with the reform roadmap.

No description available.

No description available.