Problem of inquiry: There are no named sow‘s impregnation influence for Lithuanian swine-breeding farms. When sows are non-impregnate fall all manufacture efficiency, getting less gaining’s and enlarge the prime cost for products. Goals of inquiry: Identify sow‘s impregnation efficiency influence reasons, rate their influence for swine-breeding economics indexes. Inquiry tasks: • Identify leading reasons for saw‘s impregnation. • Rate with sow connected actions influence for impregnation indexes. • Rate with boar connected actions influence for impregnation indexes. • Rate with farm factors connected actions influence for impregnation indexes. • Rate sow‘s non-impregnation influence for swine-breeding farm‘s economic process. Conclusions: In this prospecting work were analyzing sow‘s impregnation influence for Lithuanian swine-breeding farm‘s economic process. Clear, that for impregnation has influence genetic indexes and feature of the farm. Sows impregnation directly has influence for farms practices profitability. If enlarge sows non-impregnation percentage, then profitability is lowing and enlarge price for shoats.

Šio magistro darbo pagrindinis tikslas yra visapusiškai ištirti pagalbinio apvaisinimo institutą, pristatant ir analizuojant probleminius pagalbinio apvaisinimo aspektus bei pasiūlyti galimus teisinio reguliavimo modelius, kaip šių problemų sprendimų būdus. Mokslinę analizę apima bendrųjų pagalbinio apvaisinimo sąlygų tyrimas, pavyzdžiui, subjektų, kurie turi teisę pasinaudoti šiomis paslaugomis, tam tikrų grupių diskriminacijos teisėtumo įvertinimas, veiksnumas, sutikimo davimas, amžius. Kaip vienas iš pagalbinio apvaisinimo paslaugų teikimą ribojančių veiksnių išskiriamas būsimo vaiko interesų prioriteto principas. Lyginamuoju metodu analizuojamos biologinės ir socialinės tėvystės, motinystės koncepcijų santykis, vaiko kilmės iš motinos arba tėvo nustatymo principai bei vaiko teisę žinoti savo kilmę, kurią riboja lytinių ląstelių donorų anonimiškumo interesas. Taip pat aptariami klausimų, susijusių su lytinių ląstelių (embrionų) donoryste, šaldymu, preimplantacine genetine diagnoze, probleminiai aspektai. Sistemiškai, kritiniu požiūriu tiriamas Lietuvoje jau esantis bei naujame Pagalbinio apvaisinimo įstatymo projekte numatomas teisinis reglamentavimas, pateikiant siūlymus esamam reguliavimui tobulinti. Autorė rekomenduoja apsvarstyti pagalbinio apvaisinimo paslaugų teikimą ne tik santuoką sudariusioms, bet ir partnerystę įregistravusioms ar de facto santykius palaikančioms poroms, vienišoms moterims. Taip pat siūloma įteisinti lytinių ląstelių donorystę, šaldymą bei... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The main objective of the Master Thesis is the assisted reproduction’s comprehensive analysis, which is aimed to introduce and discuss the problematic aspects of this issue, as well as propose possible regulatory models based on a problem solving approach. The scientific analysis involves an evaluation of general pre-conditions considering eligibility to receive assisted reproduction services: subjects, who are entitled to apply for services, assessment of legitimacy of certain groups’ discrimination, required legal capacity, age and consent to treatment. The welfare principle of future child is considered to serve as one of the grounds to restrict provision of assisted reproduction services. Moreover, the research focuses on comparative analysis concerning biological and social parenthood concepts, establishment of legal paternity and maternity and children’s right to know their origin, bounded by the anonymity interest of gamete donors. Also, relevant issues related to gamete and embryo donation, cryopreservation, pre-implantation genetic diagnosis are being discussed. In order to meet the goals of this paper the author provides critical review on the existing legal regulation in Lithuania and the neccessity of revision of this legal act, taking into account a new proposal of Law on Assisted Reproduction submitted to the Parliament. In addition, the amendments are presented with an intention to improve the existing regulation. Thus it is recommended to consider a provision... [to full text]

Šiame magistro baigiamajame darbe lyginamuoju metodu yra analizuojamas preimplantacinės diagnostikos reguliavimas įvairiose pasaulio valstybėse, tuo pačiu atskleidžiant pagrindines iš to kylančias problemas. Tyrimas atliktas siekiant palyginti skirtingų valstybių teisės aktus ir patirtį šioje biomedicinos srityje. Atlikta analizė rodo, kad preimplantacinė diagnostika vis dar yra pakankamai nauja ir atsargiai vertinama procedūra, sukelianti daug etinių ir teisinių diskusijų, o teisinis reguliavimas priklauso nuo valstybės teisinių, religinių, kultūrinių, socialinių tradicijų. / These master theses analyze the regulation of preimplantation genetic diagnosis in comparative aspect in different countries, simultaneously revealing main problems arising. The aim of this research is to compare legal acts and experience of different countries in this biomedical field. The analysis shows, that preimplantation genetic diagnosis is still innovative and well considered procedure, which give a rise to a lot of ethical and legal discussions, and legal regulation of this procedure depends on legal, religious, cultural and social traditions of the country.

Žmogaus reprodukcinės teisės turėtų būti suprantamos kaip galimybė nevaisingiems asmenims dirbtinių technologijų pagalba susilaukti vaikų bei įgyvendinti savo teisę turėti šeimą. Aptariant dirbtinio apvaisinimo technologijų prieinamumą asmenų atžvilgiu reikėtų atsižvelgiant į šeimos instituto pokyčius bei užtikrinti, kad nevaisingiems santuokoje ar partnerystės santykiuose esantiems asmenims, o taip pat vienišoms moterims būtų užtikrinta galimybė susilaukti vaikų dirbtinių technologijų pagalba. Dirbtinis apvaisinimas yra ligos, t .y. nevaisingumo gydymo būdas, todėl asmenims besinaudojantiems dirbtinio apvaisinimo procedūromis turėtų būti taikomi pacientų teisių apsaugos principai: teisė į informuotą sutikimą, privataus gyvenimo apsaugą ir t.t. Dabartinė dirbtinio apvaisinimo teisinė reglamentacija Lietuvoje yra netinkama, nes skirtingai nei to reikalauja LR civilinis kodeksas, dirbtinio apvaisinimo klausimai yra reguliuojami poįstatyminiu aktu, kas iš esmės prieštarauja LR Konstitucijos nuostatoms. Reglamentuojant dirbtinio apvaisinimo klausimus turėtų būti atsižvelgta į asmenų skirtingų interesų kolizijas siekiant išvengti žmogaus teisių pažeidimų. Kalbant apie dirbtinį apvaisinimą būtina atsižvelgti į būsimo vaiko, gimusio dirbtinio apvaisinimo būdu, teisių bei teisėtų interesų apsaugą, ypač reglamentuojant tėvystės bei motinystės nustatymo klausimus, vaiko teisę žinoti savo kilmę. Be to, kadangi dirbtinis apvaisinimas sukelia asmenų norinčių susilaukti vaikų bei embriono... [to full text] / Human reproductive rights should be understood as the persons right to found family and possibility for infertile people to procreate with assistance of artificial insemination technologies. Infertile people should have access to assisted procreation with regard to changing concept of family: family - means married couple or people living together without registering marriage, also single woman with a child. In addition to this, if people are infertile, it should be possible for them to have an access to all kind of treatment, including assisted procreation, so people who are undergoing these procedures should exercise such patients rights as a right to informed consent, a right to private life. Lithuania doesn’t have an appropriate regulation of assisted procreation: according to Civil code all the issues related to assisted procreation must be regulated with law. In spite of this, procedures of artificial procreation are regulated with instruction of Ministry of Health Care. Such an inappropriate regulation might be even found unconstitutional. Moreover, many moral and also legal problems arise from this medical procedure: there is always a collision between infertile persons wish to have children and embryos right to life, because not all the embryos are used to the family plan, part of them are frozen or destroyed. If the donors or surrogate mother takes part in assisted procreation, questions of parenthood and children right to know their origin arise. These are the... [to full text]

Many discussions on the legal regulation of artificial fertilization are taking place in Lithuania though consensus is not yet achieved. Services of assisted reproduction cause fierce scientific, ethical, legal, and religious disputes in Lithuania and elsewhere. It is important to emphasize that legalization of in vitro fertilization at the international as well as national levels is not going to solve the problem. To do this, it is necessary to plan a mechanism of the implementation of the law which would cover many spheres of the legal regulation. The major problem becomes the shortage of scientific studies on legal regulation of artificial fertilization in Lithuania and the rest of the world. The author analyzes the issues of legal regulation of artificial fertilization in Lithuania providing a theoretical model of regulation of the procedure and implementation of the law. The analytical part of the study includes an analysis of the existing bills on artificial fertilization which reveals that both the first and the alternative bills are not quite finished yet and require improvement. Nevertheless the regulation scheme and the content of the Project IXP – 1966(2)A satisfy the main scientific paradigms defined in the theoretical part of the thesis.

This postgraduate thesis investigates legal aspects of human assisted reproduction‘s reimbursement from the Public Health Insurance Fund‘s Budget. Nowadays human assisted reproduction is not covered by the State Budget in Lithuania. That‘s why this thesis presents hypothetical model of reimbursement. The model is substantiated using historical anglysis of the probleme, worldwide practice in biomedicine and health care management. Legal aspects are analysed from the standpoint of intersection in different branches of sciences. The emphasis lays on imperfect legislation and controversies of reproductive health care, it‘s close connections with ethical problemes in human relationships, on human life and traditional family protection as priority in Lithuania‘s Fundamental Law. Legal propositions are linked with Evidence Based Medicine Gudelines (EBMG) and efficient assesment of State Budget resources as a basis of Public Health Insurance.