Formative Period Sites in the Santiago de Chuco Area, La Libertad, North Central AndesThis paper deals with the results of surface surveys in the Santiago de Chuco area, La Libertad, northern highlands. The author identifies 42 sites belonging to the Formative Period. The ceramics show affinities with the Huacaloma sequence, the others are related to the northeastern area as well as with Salinar, San Blas and related traditions. The sites are distributed between 2400 to 4250 meters above sea level forming nucleated groups, many of them at altitudes between 2700 and 3300 (19), and 3400 to 3800 (16). / Este artículo trata de los resultados de prospecciones arqueológicas en el área de Santiago de Chuco, La Libertad, en la zona norte de los Andes Centrales. El autor identifica 42 sitios que pertenecen al Periodo Formativo. La cerámica muestra afinidades con la secuencia de Huacaloma, relaciones con el área nororiental así como con Salinar, San Blas y tradiciones relacionadas. Los sitios están distribuidos entre 2400 a 4250 metros sobre el nivel del mar formando grupos nucleados, muchos de los cuales se encuentran entre 2700 a 3300 (19) y 3400 a 3800 metros sobre el nivel del mar (16).

Neste trabalho apresentamos os resultados obtidos com o levantamento, escavação e análise material arqueológico provenientes de sítios na região do lago do Limão, município de Iranduba - AM. Os dados obtidos após a identificação de 15 sítios arqueológicos são comparados aos trabalhos já executados na região, com vistas a responder algumas hipóteses criadas para interpretar o processo de ocupação da região amazônica antes da chegada dos europeus. Com o trabalho identificamos algumas peculiaridades relacionadas à fase Paredão, tais como construção de montículos artificiais e assentamentos em aldeias circulares. A partir dos dados obtidos apresentamos uma hipótese interpretativa para a chegada da cerâmica policrômica associada à fase Guarita na Amazônia Central, fato que acreditamos estar relacionado também ao surgimento da fase Paredão. / The results obtained from survey, excavation and material analysis of archaeological material found in sites in the lago do Limão region, Amazonas State, Brazil are presented herein. The data gathered after the identification of 15 archaeological sites is compared to work previously done in the region, aiming to determine the occupational process of the pre-colonial Amazonian region. Peculiarities related to the Paredão phase (7th to 12th century AD) are identified herein, such as the construction of artificial mounds and ring village settlements From the data obtained, an interpretative hypothesis is presented for the arrival of the polychrome ceramics associated with the Guarita phase (9th to 15th century AD) in Central Amazon, a fact that we believe to be also related to the upcoming of the Paredão phase.

Submitted by Leonardo Lima (leonardoperlim@gmail.com) on 2016-04-25T17:41:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Mapeamento arqueológico dos Cerritos da Lagoa do Fragata, Pelotas e Capão do Leão-RS.pdf: 12927784 bytes, checksum: 0d21518e9917b2835d81834c39717695 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2016-06-03T22:39:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Mapeamento arqueológico dos Cerritos da Lagoa do Fragata, Pelotas e Capão do Leão-RS.pdf: 12927784 bytes, checksum: 0d21518e9917b2835d81834c39717695 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2016-06-03T22:43:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Mapeamento arqueológico dos Cerritos da Lagoa do Fragata, Pelotas e Capão do Leão-RS.pdf: 12927784 bytes, checksum: 0d21518e9917b2835d81834c39717695 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-03T22:43:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Mapeamento arqueológico dos Cerritos da Lagoa do Fragata, Pelotas e Capão do Leão-RS.pdf: 12927784 bytes, checksum: 0d21518e9917b2835d81834c39717695 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-07 / Sem bolsa / Os “cerritos de índios”, estruturas monticulares de origem antrópica, são composições características de algumas populações indígenas que habitaram o bioma Pampa no sul da América do Sul desde o período pré-colonial. A presente dissertação teve por propósito central mapear as ocorrências arqueológicas deste tipo que foram localizadas na região da Lagoa do Fragata, na bacia hidrográfica da Laguna dos Patos, entre os municípios de Pelotas e Capão do Leão. Além do trabalho de mapeamento de sítios arqueológicos, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a literatura especializada dos cerritos, assinalando as divergências e concordâncias entre as diversas correntes teóricas sobre o tema, a fim de lançar subsídios a estudos futuros para novas interpretações e compreender a complexidade teórica que envolve a Arqueologia dos cerritos. Preocupamo-nos também com a preservação das estruturas arqueológicas, hoje ameaçadas por empreendimentos de grande monta estimulados pelo poder público, priorizando, via de regra, os interesses econômicos em detrimento do patrimônio cultural, buscando, desta forma, fornecer um suporte para que tais áreas sejam preservadas conforme as disposições previstas na legislação brasileira. / “Cerritos de Índios” - mounds of anthropic origin – are typical formations of some indigenous populations, which inhabited the biome Pampa, in the Southern of South America since the pre-colonial period. This dissertation aimed primarily to map archaeological occurrences of this kind located in the Fragata Lagoon area, in the drainage basin of the Patos Lagoon, between the cities of Pelotas and Capão do Leão. In addition to the survey of archaeological sites, a bibliographic review on the specialized literature about mounds was done, pointing out the divergences and concordances between the several distinct theoretical currents on the subject. Such was done in order to bring forth subsidies to further studies for new interpretations and to understand the theoretical complexity involving the Archeology of the Cerritos. One of the main concerns was also related to the preservation of the archaeological structures threatened nowadays by large ventures promoted by the government, which is usually prioritizing economic interests rather than the cultural heritage. Therefore seeking to give support so that such areas are preserved, as per disposítions provided for in the Brazilian legislation.

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados preliminares de levantamento arqueológico realizado na RDS Amanã, Estado do Amazonas. Situada na região do médio curso do rio Solimões e baixo Japurá, a RDS Amanã está na fase de preparo do seu plano de gestão. A respeito do Patrimônio Arqueológico existente na reserva Amanã 32 sítios arqueológicos formados por terra preta, cerâmica e material lítico polido foram identificados em etapas de levantamento realizadas entre 2006 e 2008. Levando em consideração o tamanho, densidade e variabilidade dos vestígios arqueológicos, assim como, a intensidade dos processos pós-deposicionais os sítios Boa Esperança e Bom Jesus do Baré foram escolhidos para realização de mapeamentos e escavação. O objetivo principal desse mestrado é apresentar o contexto arqueológico da reserva Amanã a partir de uma perspectiva comparativa com pesquisas arqueológicas que ocorrem em outros locais da Amazônia. Mais especificamente com a cronologia estabelecida para as ocupações ceramistas na Amazônia Central e áreas adjacentes, como Baixo Amazonas e médio Rio Caquetá/Japurá. A partir de dados relativos ao tamanho, composição, formato e estratigrafia dos sítios, assim como analise cerâmica e datações é formulada uma cronologia preliminar para o lago Amanã. / The main goal of this dissertation is to introduce the archaeological context of the Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, situated near the middle course of the Amazon and the lower course of the Japurá Rivers, in the state of Amazonas; its management plan is currently under preparation. This context is then compared to the archaeology of other areas of Amazonia. Preliminary results of the archaeological survey carried out between 2006 and 2008 will be presented, during which time 32 archaeological sites were identified. These are composed of anthropogenic dark earth, pottery and ground lithics. The Boa Esperança and Bom Jesus do Baré archaeological sites were selected for mapping and excavation due to their size, density and the variability of archaeological material they contain. An initial chronology for the Amanã Lake is put forward, based on data related to site size, composition, form and stratigraphy. This is then contrasted to ceramicist occupations identified in the Central Amazon and adjacent areas (the Lower Amazon and middle Caquetá/Japurá). Such a comparative approach is employed as a tool to allow the insertion of the Amanã Lake in the wider scenario, in this way allowing for a contribution to debates and discussions that are important to Amazonian Archaeology, such as the origin and dispersal of ceramic traditions. The data will further provide information to be utilized with local inhabitants for the future development of research, public archaeology and the reserve\'s management activities.

The Mīqāt of al-Juhfa is located in the west of Saudi Arabia about 187 km northwest of the Holy City of Mecca. Al-Juhfa is one of the five fixed places called Mawāqīt, or entry stations to the pilgrimage (Hajj). These Mawāqīt were designated during the early Islamic period for any pilgrim comes through them with the intention of Hajj. During the early Abbasid period, al-Juhfa was the largest occupied Mīqāt in the Islamic world. This study focuses primarily on historical and archaeological aspects of the Mīqāt of al-Juhfa during the early Islamic period. To illustrate these aspects, the study analyzed many primary sources that mention al-Juhfa in order to reconstruct the historical and cultural development of the site and to establish the extent to which it functions as an urban center. The study benefited from important information provided by these sources in this respect, such as the chronology of the site, its strategic location, topographical features, the nature of the landscape at different times, the function of specific objects, human activities that took place at the site, and factors that led to its prosperity and decline. The study also undertook a fieldwork at al-Juhfa site—primarily archaeological survey and excavation. This fieldwork enabled us to test the results of the textual analysis and to reveal other characteristics of the site (such as its cultural role, urban elements, planning and defences, architectural functions, building technique, building material, and other features). Moreover, the study analyzed both the formal and technical qualities of all archaeological discoveries on the site, comparing them with their analogues at other early Islamic sites in the Middle East. The study derived many results that clearly indicate the great importance of al-Juhfa as an urban center characterized by several urban functions during the early Abbasid period in the late of 8th century until its importance began to decline gradually between the second half of 11th century and the first half of 12th century. This chronology is supported by both written sources and the archaeological evidence. Several architectural elements and a collection of archaeological finds of different pieces of pottery, ceramic, glass, worked stone, and metal were discovered at al-Juhfa. These discoveries provide us with more information about the extent of mutual influence and active interaction between various cultures during pre-Islamic period as well as the high cultural and commercial level achieved by al-Juhfa and the relationship it had with other Islamic sites in the Middle East. / Graduate / 2019-06-26

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados preliminares de levantamento arqueológico realizado na RDS Amanã, Estado do Amazonas. Situada na região do médio curso do rio Solimões e baixo Japurá, a RDS Amanã está na fase de preparo do seu plano de gestão. A respeito do Patrimônio Arqueológico existente na reserva Amanã 32 sítios arqueológicos formados por terra preta, cerâmica e material lítico polido foram identificados em etapas de levantamento realizadas entre 2006 e 2008. Levando em consideração o tamanho, densidade e variabilidade dos vestígios arqueológicos, assim como, a intensidade dos processos pós-deposicionais os sítios Boa Esperança e Bom Jesus do Baré foram escolhidos para realização de mapeamentos e escavação. O objetivo principal desse mestrado é apresentar o contexto arqueológico da reserva Amanã a partir de uma perspectiva comparativa com pesquisas arqueológicas que ocorrem em outros locais da Amazônia. Mais especificamente com a cronologia estabelecida para as ocupações ceramistas na Amazônia Central e áreas adjacentes, como Baixo Amazonas e médio Rio Caquetá/Japurá. A partir de dados relativos ao tamanho, composição, formato e estratigrafia dos sítios, assim como analise cerâmica e datações é formulada uma cronologia preliminar para o lago Amanã. / The main goal of this dissertation is to introduce the archaeological context of the Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, situated near the middle course of the Amazon and the lower course of the Japurá Rivers, in the state of Amazonas; its management plan is currently under preparation. This context is then compared to the archaeology of other areas of Amazonia. Preliminary results of the archaeological survey carried out between 2006 and 2008 will be presented, during which time 32 archaeological sites were identified. These are composed of anthropogenic dark earth, pottery and ground lithics. The Boa Esperança and Bom Jesus do Baré archaeological sites were selected for mapping and excavation due to their size, density and the variability of archaeological material they contain. An initial chronology for the Amanã Lake is put forward, based on data related to site size, composition, form and stratigraphy. This is then contrasted to ceramicist occupations identified in the Central Amazon and adjacent areas (the Lower Amazon and middle Caquetá/Japurá). Such a comparative approach is employed as a tool to allow the insertion of the Amanã Lake in the wider scenario, in this way allowing for a contribution to debates and discussions that are important to Amazonian Archaeology, such as the origin and dispersal of ceramic traditions. The data will further provide information to be utilized with local inhabitants for the future development of research, public archaeology and the reserve\'s management activities.

The term “isolated find” has frequently been taken as a disposable artifact category in cultural resource management (CRM). Efforts were made to empirically demonstrate the fallacy of this concept and its use, using modified field sampling strategies, the inclusion of fine screen artifact analysis, and statistical analyses. Six sites containing prehistoric occupations on Camp McCain National Guard base in Grenada County, Mississippi were reinvestigated using these methods; their datasets were expanded in terms of site size, density, function, and temporal association, which may change their eligibility status for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Fieldwork and classification based solutions are offered to account for biases introduced by current standard methods of sampling and site delineation during Phase I archaeological survey.

No description available.

Un sitio arqueológico urbano es una realidad diversa y compleja, cuyo conocimiento, protección y puesta en valor necesariamente debe de realizarse dentro de la concepción unitaria e integral que ofrece la Gestión del Patrimonio. En este marco general, la figura del parque ecoarqueológico se ha convertido en un modelo en donde es posible interrelacionar de forma eficaz los planes de gestión y los de investigación, con objeto de alcanzar una finalidad social. En esta tesis se defiende una propuesta metodológica integral para la investigación de un sitio arqueológico que se basa en la aplicación sistemática, secuencial y sumatoria de un conjunto de estudios fundamentados en la prospección arqueológica. Se ha tomado como ejemplo la serie de trabajos que se han desarrollado y puesto en práctica en el Parque Ecoarqueológico de Xoclán, en la ciudad de Mérida, Yucatán, que alberga vestigios arqueológicos de un sitio maya prehispánico. La aplicación de estos estudios ha permitido realizar, en un primer momento, una aproximación al sitio de carácter diagnóstico; y, posteriormente, obtener un conocimiento preciso del mismo con el menor impacto posible sobre el patrimonio cultural y natural del parque. De este modo, se ha proporcionado una información cuantitativa y cualitativa con respecto al sitio arqueológico y al espacio en donde éste se halla, la cual ha podido ser utilizada por los responsables del parque tanto para la gestión inmediata del mismo como para el diseño de futuras actuaciones. / An urban archaeological site is a diverse and complex reality, whose knowledge, protection and valorization must necessarily be conducted within the unitary and integral design that offers the Heritage Management. Within this general framework, the figure of the Ecoarchaeological Park has become a model where it’s possible to interact effectively management and research goals, in order to achieve a social objective. In this thesis, we defend an integral methodological proposition for the investigation of an archaeological site, based on the systematic, sequential and summation implementation of a set of studies based on the archaeological prospecting. The series of works which have been developed and implemented in the Xoclán Ecoarchaeological Park, in the city of Mérida, Yucatán, which hosts archaeological vestiges of a pre-Columbian maya site, had taken as an example. The application of these studies has allowed to realize, at first, a diagnostic approximation to the site; and, later, to obtain a precise knowledge of the same one with the least possible impact on the cultural and natural heritage of the Park. In this way, a quantitative and qualitative information on the archaeological site and the space where it is has been provided, which has been able to be used by the Park Administrations for the immediate management actions and for the design of future activities.

Le sujet abordé dans la thèse a pour matière principale l’archéologie et s’inscrit dans la lignée des recherches consacrées au peuplement ancien du Languedoc oriental. Le mémoire traite d’un inventaire de sites archéologiques localisés en basse vallée de la Cèze, dans le département du Gard et en milieu rural, ainsi que de la mise en perspective de ces établissements dans une synthèse sur les dynamiques de peuplement sur une période comprise entre le IIe s. av. et le VIe s. de n. è. L’Antiquité constitue ici le cadre temporel de cette recherche, bien que les traces d’occupation du sol préhistoriques, protohistoriques et médiévales n’aient pas été passées sous silence. La réalisation de plusieurs campagnes de sondage et de prospection archéologique diachronique, associé à un inventaire céramologique, a constitué le socle fondamental de cette étude. L’emploi d’un GPS portatif a été généralisé à l’ensemble des établissements étudiés lors des prospections, qui ont bénéficié, dans leur intégralité, de relevés du mobilier au réel. Pour tenter de répondre aux problématiques touchant les dynamiques de peuplement au cours de l’Antiquité, la démarche retenue a été celle d’une analyse spatiale multi-scalaire, avec l’emploi privilégié d’un système d’information géographique créé pour l’occasion. Le travail de synthèse explicitant les dynamiques de peuplement en basse vallée de Cèze s’est appuyé sur un corpus de 84 sites, qui a fait l’objet d’une classification par le biais d’outils statistiques, et d’une spatialisation grâce à l’emploi du SIG. Cette étude a donc pour objectif de donner une première vue synthétique des données issues des campagnes de prospections et des fouilles archéologiques et, en les replaçant dans leur contexte géographique, de caractériser les établissements ruraux gallo-romains afin d’en montrer l’évolution spatiale et chronologique. L’analyse spatiale ici explicitée se donne pour dessein de comprendre les logiques du système de peuplement rural en essayant de répondre à plusieurs questions : quelles sont les modalités de création, de disparition, voire de transformation des établissements antiques ? Quelles sont les interactions qu’ils pouvaient entretenir entre eux ? Quelle est la place des oppida dans le réseau d’habitat de l’époque ? Ou, encore, dans quelles proportions les réseaux de communications et les activités agricoles influent-elles sur les dynamiques de peuplement ? / The topic discussed here mainly involves archeology and is in line with research on the early settlement of eastern Languedoc. This volume will deal with an inventory of archaeological sites located in the lower valley of the Cèze, in the department of Gard and rural areas, as well as put into perspective these establishments in a synthesis of settlement dynamics between the second century B.C. and the sixth century A.D. Antiquity forms the time frame of this work, and although traces of occupation of prehistoric, protohistoric and medieval soil have not been disregarded. The realization of several excavation campaigns and diachronic archaeological surveys, associated with a ceramic assemblage inventory, constitute the fundamental basis of this study. On all study sites during surveys, the use of a handheld GPS has been generalized and thus all sites now benefit from real records. In an attempt to address the issues affecting settlement dynamics during antiquity, the approach adopted was that of a multi-scale spatial analysis, with the preferred use of a geographical information system specifically created for this task. The synthesis work explaining population dynamics in low Cèze valley relied on a corpus of 84 sites, which have been classified by means of statistical tools and spatialization through the use of GIS. This study therefore aims to give a first synthetic view of data from surveys and campaigns of archaeological excavation and, by placing them in their geographical context, to characterize rural gallo-roman settlements by showing their spatial and chronological evolution. The spatial analysis reported here is aimed at understanding the logic behind the rural settlement system by asking several questions : what are the methods of creation, disappearance or transformation of ancient establishments ? What interactions could they have had ? What is the place of the oppida in the habitat network during this period ? Or, to what extent do communication networks and traces of agricultural activity affect settlement dynamics ?