This study provides a contribution to the historiography of management education in England. Criticism of British management expressed in Government policy over the past sixty years has concluded that a low level of management education in the UK is affecting its ability to compete. To this end there have been a number of government interventions in management education. The focus of this research is the first phase of government intervention in management education initiated in 1945. By considering the development of management education from a historical perspective this research adopts the theoretical stance that an understanding of the past can contribute to an understanding of management education today. The report of a committee on Education for Management appointed in 1945 by the Minister of Education, the Urwick Report (1947) and the subsequent Diploma in Management Studies (DMS), the first qualification in management studies, are used as vehicles to articulate the involvement and relationships of industry and government with regard to formal management education. From this, conclusions are drawn about the professional and policy processes at play and consideration given as to how these shaped subsequent practice. The method adopted was documentary analysis of primary sources which included published and unpublished administrative papers from government archives. Data from journals, a newspaper, and the archives of employee and employer bodies were referenced to provide context and support the validity of my interpretation. I conclude that the key contribution which the Urwick Report made to management education was in establishing the principle that there was a body of knowledge associated with management. The study illuminates policy processes surrounding management education at a particular time with regard to a specific report. During this period opportunities existed that, if actioned, could have significantly changed the education of managers in England. Government, industry and education were all party to these opportunities. Events surrounding the Urwick Report, and the subsequent implementation of the DMS, offer some useful lessons from the past.

This study provides a re-evaluation of the physical condition of, as well as past and current restoration and conservation work at Ahi Elvan Camii, &Ouml / rtmeli Mesjidi, Sabun&icirc / Mesjidi and Poyraji Mesjidi&amp / #8212 / i.e., one Friday mosque, or camii, and three mesjids, or small neighborhood mosques, located in Ulus, today the historic center of Ankara. All four structures, now registered as historic monuments, have survived intact, preserving most of their original architectural elements. Each structure also represents a different example of a building type which became prevalent in Ankara during the 14th can 15th centuries which have stone foundations, mud brick bearings walls with timber tie-beams, as well as timber ceilings supported by freestanding timber posts. These structures, registered and restored during different periods since the 1920s, were intervened upon in various ways and clad and/or plastered with differing materials (e.g., cement-based or clay-based materials). Although at times past conservation interventions and/or signs of decay may be clearly visible, the effects of these on each structure as a whole&amp / #8212 / whether positive or negative&amp / #8212 / may be more difficult to detect. A micro-climatic investigation program thus provided the primary, non-destructive diagnostic technique for this study. In addition to this, published as well as unpublished documents within the archives of Vakiflar Genel M&uuml / d&uuml / rl&uuml / g&uuml / , or the General-Directorate of Endowments in Ankara, provided visual as well as written information on the history of each structure. Their building materials, as well as past and present restoration and conservation work were also analyzed in situ. Based on long-term meteorological records for Ankara, data were collected at each structure for one year during January, April, July and October using Tiny tag&reg / Plus data loggers on interior and exterior temperatures and relative humidity, as well as surface temperatures at their timber ceilings for one week per season. In addition to this, the distribution of temperature and relative humidity at each structure was measured every m2 within the main prayer hall and women&amp / #8217 / s section, or kadinlar mahfeli at each structure per season, and surface temperature measurements taken of their timber ceilings and interior wall surfaces. Data collected were subsequently analyzed with respect to various relevant factors such as / the physical characteristics of their load-bearing walls and the buffer capacity of materials within these structures and their effects on indoor microclimatic conditions, the risk of surface condensation at the exterior wall surfaces and the timber ceilings of each structure, suggested parameters required for the conservation of their interior timber elements, and materials conservation vis &agrave / vis existing comfort conditions. Past measures taken in the restoration and conservation of the four structures and their present physical condition were thus re-evaluated, and recommendations provided for possible approaches to their sustainable conservation in the long-term.

Fondée à l’époque carolingienne et supprimée à l’aube de la Révolution française, l’abbaye de Savigny (Rhône) est restée longtemps ignorée des archéologues en raison de son niveau de destruction avancé. L’approche épistémologique des études saviniennes a d’abord révélé le potentiel archéologique du site, en soulignant toute la différence entre les publications officielles et les archives personnelles des savants. La confrontation des résultats de l’analyse des sources d’archives et de l’analyse des vestiges archéologiques a surtout permis de reconstituer l’histoire monumentale des édifices monastiques et de proposer des restitutions en plan du monastère, pour l’époque carolingienne, l’époque romane et la fin du Moyen Âge. De nouvelles conclusions peuvent désormais être proposées en rapport avec l’histoire savinienne. En adoptant vraisemblablement le plan standard des abbayes bénédictines dès sa création, dans le premier tiers du IXe siècle, l’abbaye témoigne d’abord de l’insertion rapide des idéaux carolingiens de vie communautaire dans le diocèse de Lyon. Elle subit ensuite de nombreux remaniements qui ne remettent pas en cause son organisation générale, mais qui adaptent les édifices existants aux exigences d’une liturgie nouvelle. La transformation de la deuxième église aboutit paradoxalement à la création d’une église mariale, à l’intersection de l’infirmerie et du cimetière, mais aussi d’une avant-nef. Ce faisant, elle répond à la fois à la multiplication des messes pour les défunts et à la ritualisation de l’accompagnement des mourants, qui reflètent les coutumes clunisiennes. Aussi faut-il envisager que l’abbaye de Savigny ait été réformée par l’abbaye de Cluny à la charnière du Xe et du XIe siècle, sans pour autant être intégrée à l’Ecclesia cluniacensis. / The abbey of Savigny (Rhône), founded during the Carolingian period and nearly destroyed at the dawn of the French Revolution, has long been ignored by archaeologists due to the extent of its destruction. The epistemological approach of the Savigny studies revealed at first the archaeological potential of this site, emphasizing important differences between the official publications and the personal archives of the scientists. Comparing the results of the analysis of both archival sources and archaeological remains enabled to reconstitute the monumental history of the monastic buildings and to suggest drawing reproductions of the monastery for the Carolingian period, the Romanesque period and the end of the Middle Ages. New lines of thinking can now be put forward with regard to Savigny history. Probably built to the standard plan of benedictin abbeys from its onset during the first third of the IXth century, the abbey mainly reflects the fast integration of the Carolingian values of community life in the diocese of Lyon. It then underwent several changes which do not challenge its general organization but help the existing buildings to adapt to the requirements of a new liturgy. The transformation of the second church paradoxically results in the creation of a marian church at the intersection of the infirmary and the cemetery and, in addition, of a front-nave. Consequently, it is both an answer to the growing number of funeral masses and to the rituals used to accompany the dying that reflect the Cluny traditions. We may then consider that the abbey of Savigny could have been reformed by the abbey of Cluny at the turning from the Xth to the XIth century without being integrated into the Ecclesia cluniacensis.

William Stetson Kennedy (1916-2011), an activist and muckraking journalist, focused on social and economic conditions in the South. In seven decades of activism, he fought for peace, workers’ rights, civil rights, and environmental protections. Kennedy collected oral histories as a folklorist with the Federal Writer’s Project, and he infiltrated the Ku Klux Klan and worked to get their state charters revoked. This project breaks new ground by bringing to light a neglected aspect of Stetson Kennedy’s work: his years (1943-1947) as the editorial director for the Political Action Committee of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO-PAC). In this role, Kennedy fought against voting restrictions and informed workers about candidates and voting issues. This dissertation explores several research questions: How are alphabetic, civic, and critical literacies activated and enhanced through labor rhetoric? In what ways are these three literacies connected? What are the implications of interconnected literate praxis in academic spaces and beyond? The writer employs archival research, primary field research, and critical theory. Using critical theory enables the writer to stake new claims about key concepts: the subject, agency, ideology, discourse, rhetoric, and literacy. This project enriches existing scholarship in rhetoric and composition through focusing on literacy programs in labor movements. Although labor unions have long provided instruction in reading, writing, history, and political economy, little work outside of history and sociology has been done on worker education. Literacy building outside the classroom has received some attention in rhetoric and composition, but the role that unions play in this process has been neglected. In addition, this rhetorical biography provides an historical account of a writer who helped educate workers largely through the use of dialect, folklore, and other forms of vernacular/working-class discourse. Vernacular discourse must be recovered in order to rectify the privileging of academic/elite discourse and to end the longstanding silence about socioeconomic class in US society. Furthermore, this project connects rhetorical theory to rhetorical practice, what Paulo Freire called praxis. Ultimately, this project provides a new view of literacy by theorizing how three different literacies interact, as well as the implications of these interactions in classrooms and communities.

abstract: This project offers an exploration of the constitution of English language learners (ELLs) in the state of Arizona as subjects of government through the discursive rationalities of rule that unfolded alongside the Flores v. Arizona case. The artifacts under consideration span the 22 years (1992-2014) of Flores' existence so far. These artifacts include published academic scholarship; Arizona's legislative documents and floor debate audio and video; court summaries, hearings, and decisions; and public opinion texts found in newspapers and online, all of which were produced in response to Flores. These artifacts lay bare but some of the discursive rationalities that have coagulated to form governable elements of the ELL student population--ways of knowing them, measuring them, regarding them, constituting them, and intervening upon them. Somehow, some way, students who do not speak English as their first language have become a social problem to be solved. ELLs are therein governed by rationalities of English language normalization, of enterprise, of entrepreneurship, of competition, of empowerment, and of success. In narrating rationalities of rule that appear alongside the Flores case, I locate some governmental strategies in how subjects conduct themselves and govern the conduct of others with the hope that seeing subject constitution as a work of thought and not a necessary reality will create a space for potentially unknown alternatives. Through this work, I'd like to make possible the hope of thinking data differently, rejecting superimposition of meaning onto artifact, being uncomfortable, uncertain, undefinitive, and surprised. With that, this work encourages potential paths to trod in the field of curriculum studies. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Curriculum and Instruction 2014

The Writers’ Union of Canada was founded in November of 1973 “to unite Canadian writers for the advancement of their common interests.” Drawing on extensive archival collections – from both the Writers’ Union and its member authors – this dissertation offers the first critical history of the organization and its work, from pre-founding to the early 1990s, arguing that the Writers’ Union has fundamentally influenced Canadian literature, as an industry, as a community, and as a field of study. I begin by tracing the contextual history of the organization’s founding, interrogating how union organizing, celebrity, and friendship underpin the organization’s work. Chapter One discusses the Writers’ Union’s programs, reforms, and interventions aimed at ‘fostering’ writing in Canada as I argue that the Union was instrumental in building a fiscal-cultural futurity for CanLit. In Chapter Two, I consider the role that women played in this important work, as I highlight the labour of female Union members and the all-female administrative staff, who maintained and supported the organization’s work through its first twenty years. In Chapter Three I draw attention to the stories of, perspectives of, and experiences of BIPOC authors in relation to the Writers’ Union. While the Writers’ Union’s involvement in race relations is often positioned as having ‘begun’ with the Writing Thru Race conference in 1994, this chapter uses the archives to reveal a much longer trajectory of racialized conflict within and around the organization, providing important context for the very controversial and public battles about appropriation and race that would explode in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Throughout this work, I look to see how institutional narratives are deployed and upheld, and to what ends; how successful advocacy work is often effaced and forgotten; how institutional structures function; and how their boundaries and intentions are challenged and developed over time. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / The Writers’ Union of Canada was founded in November of 1973 “to unite Canadian writers for the advancement of their common interests.” Drawing on extensive archival collections – from both the Writers’ Union and its member authors – this dissertation offers the first critical history of the organization and its work, from pre-founding to the early 1990s. I argue that the Writers’ Union has fundamentally influenced Canadian literature – as an industry, as a community, and as a field of study – as I consider how unionism, literary celebrity, and friendship underpinned the organization’s work. This dissertation recuperates and comments on the important volunteer labour of Writers’ Union members in the service of literary labour, gender equity, and racial equity over the organization’s first twenty years.

No description available.

No description available.

Text in Afrikaans / Vrouemisdaad is 'n komplekse sosiale verskynsel. 'n Aspek van vrouemisdaad wat in die onderhawige proef skrif ondersoek word, is om aan die hand van bestaande teoriee te probeer verklaar waarom vroue soveel minder misdaad as mans pleeg. Ten einde antwoorde op die vraag te vind, is 'n kwantitatiewe ondersoek na die gemeenskap se houding rakende die vrouemisdadiger en 'n kwalitatiewe ontleding van die beskikbare literatuur gedoen. 'n Intensiewe verkennende studie van die beskikbare literatuur het getoon dat die gemeenskap, navorsers en akademici bepaalde persepsies huldig oor die vrouemisdadiger wat nie altyd met die werklike beeld strook nie. Alhoewel die getalle van vrouemisdadigers deur die jare toegeneem het, het die tipe misdade wat vroue pleeg weinig verander en die omvang van vrouemisdaad proporsioneel tot die bevolking dieselfde gebly. Geen enkele teorie of benadering op sigself bied 'n algemene verklaring vir die verskynsel van vrouemisdaad nie; dit kan hoogstens as gedeeltelike verklaring dien. 'n Algemene verklaringsmodel vir vrouemisdaad is egter opgestel wat terselfdertyd as samevatting van die geselekteerde teoriee dien. Met behulp van die argivale metode is 'n profiel van die gekommitteerde vrouemisdadiger saamgestel om 'n basiese kennissisteem van die vrouemisdadiger daar te stel. Statisties beduidende verbande is gevind tussen die karakteristieke van die blanke gekommitteerde vrouemisdadiger se huwelikstaat, aantal kinders en bedrog. Die kwantitatiewe ondersoek bestaan uit die ontleding van 516 respondente se persepsies oor die vrouemisdadiger. Uit die resultate van verskeie statistiese tegnieke blyk dit dat die ondersoekgroep, wat blanke respondente van vier voorstede uit struktuurstreekplansel 22 van Pretoria verteenwoordig, bepaalde persepsies en opvattings aangaande die vrouemisdadiger het. Die persepsiemeting het aan die lig gebring dat daar verskille in persepsies bestaan oor die vrouemisdadiger en vrouemisdaad in die blanke gemeenskap bestaan. Hierdie persepsies stem nie ooreen met die beeld wat blyk uit die onderhawige navorsing nie. Statisties beduidende verskille in persepsies tussen manlike en vroulike respondente van die ondersoekgroep is ook gevind. Daar bestaan verder statisties beduidende verskille tussen respondente van verskillende voorstede, onderwyspeile, taalgroepe, en ouderdomsgroepe. / It can be said that female crime is a complex phenomenon. An aspect of female crime that is investigated in this thesis is to explain, with reference to existing theories, why women commit fewer crimes than men. In an attempt to answer this question, a quantitative investigation regarding the attitude of society towards the female criminal as well as a qualitative study of the available literature, was conducted. An intensive exploratory study on female crime indicated that and academics have a certain of the available the community, perception of literature researchers the female criminal which does not always correspond with the facts. Although the number of female criminals has increased through the years the extent of female crime, proportionally to the population size, has remained constant, and the type of crime committed by women has remained relatively unchanged. It seems clear that no single theory or approach can explain female crime, it can at best give a partial explanation. An integrated explanation model for female crime has been compiled which simultaneously serves as a summary of selected theories. By means of the archival research method a profile of the female prisoner was compiled, to be used as a basis for the researcher's scientific knowledge of this phenomenon. Statistically significant relations were found to exist between the characteristics of the white female prisoner's marital status, number of children and fraud. The quantitative investigation consisted of an analysis of the responses of 516 respondents on an attitude scale. The results of various statistical techniques show that the research group, which represents respondents fr6m four suburbs from structure plan cell 22 of Pretoria, reveals certain attitudes and beliefs about the female criminal. This attitude measurement indicated that differences in perceptions regarding the female in the white community do criminal and female exist. Furthermore crime these perceptions do not correlate on the female criminal in with the information gathered this research. Statistically significant differences in attitude were found between male and female respondents, respondents from the different suburbs, with different qualifications, of different language groups, and of different age groups. / Sociology / D. Lit. et Phil. (Kriminologie)

What defines a Swedish university college? This is the overarching question in this archival study of the development of the Swedish university colleges during the past 35 years. The objective of the study is to explore the binary elements in the overall unitary Swedish university system. Departing from existing macro level research on the university colleges (UCs), this study focuses on one single UC. Development of the UC was conceptualized as a question of decision-making in the UC in interplay with political decisions. The UC was explored by taking an extensive inductive approach starting from the original Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice, a perspective on organizations that focuses on the temporal order emerging from decisions, rather than enduring orders. Nine decisions situations in the UC were identified as well as four political reforms. The study shows that the concept “streams” from the model are the phenomena occupying organization members mind over time, thus constituting a recurring element although not an enduring order, tying together the temporal orders. The streams are shared between the UC and political decision-making; the two decision-making entities both take part in forming the streams over time. The streams are: (1) the academic discipline; (2) the vocational education; (3) research as a means to enhance the quality of education; and (4) regional relevance. The study proposes the emergence of a fifth stream, the research profile, which is taken to be a unique stream for the UCs in general, that differentiates them from the universities. The analysis shows that the UC continuously adjusts the law to the organizational conditions rather than implements legislation when new, hence offering a perspective on organizational change as a persistent condition inherent in the organizational body rather than definable events. By using the concept stream the study suggests a conceptualization of the political influence on the UC organizational body as well as a conceptualization of how the UC influence political decisions. This conceptualization provides a novel perspective on the relationship between state and the universities. A perspective that can be explored in future research, focusing on mutual adjustments of the streams.