The interpretation of unreason in Gilles Deleuze‘s philosophy Deleuze argues that all philosophy must originate itself from violence. The violence in thought is evoken by problems, which aren‘t given but constituted in mind. The fundamental problem of thought is incapacity to think itself, the malaise of mind, stupidity or madness. The dogmatical image of thought takes the common form of an 'Everybody knows . . .' , and in the following way disassociates itself from the problem - it merely dislodges madness from discourse of reason. Deleuze shows that the problem of madness should be included into image of thought, if transforming it simultaneously. The work points out, how Deleuze solves this properly transcendental qestion: how is unreason possibile? The thinker offers three perspectives, three points of view to reflect this problem. It can be seen from a point from highland or platonical tradicion, from a point of surface or virtual philosophy which Deleuze founds in the works of stoics, Leibniz, Nietzsche and Lewis Carrol and from a point of depths into which plunges Artaud. To each of these modes of mind thereby can be diagnosed distinct disease: maniac depresion or paranoia to idealism, active form of schizophrenia- to virtual philosophy and passive form of schizophrenia – to the thinking of depths. The research shows up how eventualy this triad turns to strict disjunction between traditional image of thought and the thought which is able to think of madness, becomings... [to full text]

Darbe pateikti beržų, drebulių, juodalksnių žievės storio tyrimai. Tyrimo tikslas: Išanalizuoti beržų, drebulių, juodalksnių stiebų žievės storio kintamumo dėsningumus ir jų pagrindu sudaryti stiebų žievės matematinį modelį. Tyrimo uždaviniai: Nustatyti beržo, drebulės, juodalksnio žievės storio koreliacinius ryšius su stiebų taksacinėmis charakteristikomis. Nustatyti beržų, drebulių, juodalksnių žievės storio kitimo dėsningumus išilgai stiebo ir išreikšti juos regresinėmis lygtimis. Išreikštus beržų, drebulių, juodalksnio žievės storio kitimo dėsningumus palyginti su galiojančiais normatyvais, kitų tyrėjų rezultatais. Tyrimo objektas: Tyrimo bareliuose paimti beržų, drebulių, juodalksnių medžių stiebai iš vidurio Lietuvos ir Žemaitijos regionų. Iš viso tyrimui buvo išmatuota 175 beržo, 136drebulių, 152 juodalksnio stiebų duomenys. Tyrimo metodai: žievės storio priklausomybė nuo jį sąlygojančių veiksnių buvo analizuojama daugianarės tiesinės ir kreivinės regresinės analizės metodais panaudojant EXCEL ir statistika V.6.0 programas. Tyrimo rezultatai: Išanalizuoti beržų, drebulių, juodalksnių kintamumai. Gauti empiriniai duomenys palyginti su kitų autorių matavimo rezultatais, atliekant žievės storio priklausomybės nuo stiebo skersmens 1.3 m aukštyje lyginamąją analizę. Gauti beržų, drebulių juodalksnių žievės storio kintamumo modeliai. / The results of bark thickness analyses of birch, aspen, black alder tree species are presented in the work. The main goal of the work was to investigate regularities of bark thickness variance of birch, aspen, black alder logs felled during all cutting and to make mathematical model of bark of stems. The main tasks of the work were to find out regularities of bark thickness of asp, birch, black – alder and bark thickness dependence on parameters of stems, to make regression analysis of regularities of bark thickness variance along stem and to compare results of work with other similar investigations. The empirical material of asp, birch and black -alder stems were selected from the middle and lowland regions of Lithuania. Overall 465 records of stem were collected, of which 175 records were of aspen, 136 – of birch, 152 – of black-alder. Methods The multiple linear and nonlinear regressions were used to process empirical data. Calculations were made using software STATISTICA v6.0 and MS EXCEL packages. The main results Changes of bark thickness of birch, aspen and black alder were investigated. The acquired empirical data were compared with the data of other authors carrying out comparative analyses of bark thickness dependence on steam diameter at 1.3 m height. Models of bark thickness variance of birch, aspen, black alder were prepared.

No description available.

My dissertation critiques Western culture’s vertical command of “growing up” to adult completion (rational, heterosexual, married, wealthy, professionally successful) as a reductionist itinerary of human movement leading to subjective sedimentations. Rather, my project proposes ways of “moving rhizomatically” by which it advances a notion of a machinic identity that moves continuously, contingently, and waywardly along less vertical, less excruciating and more horizontal, life-affirmative trails. To this end, my thesis proposes a “rhizomatic semiosis” as extrapolated from the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari to put forward a notion of language and, by implication, subjectivity, as dynamic and metamorphic. Rather than trying to figure out who the child is or what it experiences consciously, my project wishes to embrace an elusiveness at the heart of subjectivity to argue for continued identity creation beyond the apparently confining parameters of adulthood. This dissertation, then, is about the need to re-examine our ways of growing beyond the lines of teleological progression. By turning to Deleuze’s child, an intangible one that “makes desperate attempts to carry out a performance that the psychoanalyst totally misconstrues” (A Thousand Plateaus 13), I wish to shift focus away from the hierarchical, binary, and ideal model of “growing up” and toward a notion of movement that makes way for plural identities in their becoming. This endeavour reveals itself in particular in the work of John Wray, Todd Field, Peter Cameron, Sara Prichard, Michael Cunningham, and Cormac McCarthy, whose work has received little or no attention at all—a lacuna in research that exists perhaps due to these artists’ innovative approach to a minor literature that promotes the notion of a machinic self and questions the dominant modes of Western culture’s literature for, around, and of children.

This project is centered on two primary concerns. First, to reformulate Adornos notion of ethical subjectivity in a way that allows for a clearer articulation of his normative position, and second, to make it more relevant to our contemporary social context and advances in social theory. My claim is that we can achieve this by rejecting Adornos philosophical method (negative dialectics and constellations) by reading his ethics through the lens of ieks method which I am calling autoprohibition. As I will show, autoprohibition is ieks strategy for breaking the deadlock of the dialectic of enlightenment and its accompanying defeatist politics by developing a dialectical theory that neither rests on pure negation nor falls into the totalising and reifying trap of orthodox Marxism. It is in the context of autoprohibition that one can rearticulate Adornos normative imperatives (specifically, the imperative to end suffering, and to recognise the truth-content of the body) without these imperatives being negated by the totalising dictates of the dialectic of enlightenment. The best way to redeem the important normative components of Adornos formulation of ethical subjectivity is to reject its underlying philosophical method and resituate it in another. I frame this methodological shift as one from constellations to autoprohibition, which allows for a more positive articulation of Adornos ethics; a plan for actively practising an ethical life vs. one premised on the rejection of participating in an unethical system (which Adornos ethics amounts to on my account).

No description available.

The diploma thesis examines the specific work of Albert Camus and Gabriel Marcel, focusing on the question of human values. The aim is to show two forms of existential philosophy concerning human existence in their chosen dramas. The work is divided into chapters. In the first chapter we can find the basic characteristics of existentialism and its development. The second and third chapter deals with Camus' and Marcel's conception of philosophy. In these chapters will present the Camus' problem of suicide, revolt, absurd and sense of being. In the case of Marcel will be dealt with the issue of duality of being and have, relationship I-You, love, hope, death, freedom and faith. Diploma thesis results in subsequent chapters where you can find comparison existential themes in the works of authors.

A ideia do País de Gales como uma nação que detém sua identidade própria foi-se diluindo aos poucos, na medida em que se incorporou à história geral e à cultura do Reino Unido, as quais por sua vez são determinadas pela Inglaterra e pelos valores ingleses. A identidade galesa, como qualquer outra identidade nacional, é uma construção feita a partir de muitos fatores determinantes, entre eles os eventos históricos. Nesta tese, apresento minha leitura do romance histórico Here Be Dragons, da autora estadunidense Sharon Kay Penman, para explorar e analisar a questão da identidade nacional galesa e para examinar como o conceito de Identidade Galesa se configura naquele universo ficcional. Este trabalho representa também uma busca pessoal e uma investigação sobre minha identidade e memória galesa, já que fui criado e educado numa Gales gerida pelo sistema educacional inglês, que excluía dos currículos quase todas as referências à história, ao idioma e aos valores do País de Gales. O romance estudado se passa em um período da Baixa Idade Média em que Gales luta por manter sua cultura e sua identidade, ao ser confrontada com um poder maior, o dos reis e barões anglo-normandos que buscam construir seu império. Como se trata de um romance histórico, considero importante explorar as relações entre narrativa histórica e narrativa histórica ficcional. Para tanto, apresento um esboço historiográfico e certas considerações sobre o romance histórico como gênero literário. Mais ainda, acredito ser necessário apresentar um pouco da história do País de Gales, não apenas para termos uma ideia do que seja a identidade galesa, mas também para colocar o romance analisado no seu contexto histórico apropriado. Esta tese está construída em três partes. Na primeira, examino os conceitos de identidade e memória cultural e nacional e aspectos históricos formadores da identidade galesa. Para tanto, me apoio em obras escritas por Anthony D. Smith, professor de Etnia e Nacionalismo da Escola de Economia de Londres, como embasamento teórico para os conceitos de nacionalismo e identidade cultural. A segunda parte, que trata sobre História, é dividida em três subseções. Na primeira apresento um esboço sobre historiografia, com considerações sobre como a História é apreendida e estudada. A segunda trata sobre o romance histórico, comentando como se tornou um gênero literário e como se relaciona com a narrativa histórica. A última subseção apresenta traços da história do País de Gales, para estabelecer as ligações com as questões de identidade nacional. A terceira seção da tese apresenta a minha leitura de Here Be Dragons, na qual examino como é construída na narrativa a questão da identidade galesa através das personagens principais e nas descrições das paisagens e de estruturas medievais como castelos e mansões. Na conclusão, apresento as últimas considerações sobre os processos que levaram ao apagamento e à consequente busca de resgate da identidade nacional galesa. Acredito assim estar cumprindo minha parte neste processo que é tão bem representado no romance Here Be Dragons de Sharon Kay Penman. / Wales, as a nation in itself, has to some extent been forgotten and absorbed into the general history and culture of the United Kingdom, which for the most part, is dominated by England and “English” values. Welsh identity, or indeed any national identity, is a construct of many determining factors, not the least of which are historical events. In this dissertation, I present my reading of the historical novel, Here Be Dragons by American author Sharon Kay Penman, in order to explore and analyze the question of Welsh national identity and to examine how the concept of Welshness is configured in this fictional universe. This work is also a personal search and exploration into Welsh identity and memory, as I was brought up and educated through an English educational system – in Wales – which excluded a greater part of Welsh history, language and values from the curriculum. The novel covers a late medieval period of between 1183 and 1234, during which Wales struggles to maintain its unique identity and culture against the greater power of the empire-building Anglo-Norman kings and barons. As this dissertation concerns a historical novel, in order to better understand the relationship between a history narrative and a historical-novel fictional narrative, an outline of historiography and a background to the genre of the historical novel are important. Furthermore, a description of the historical background of Wales is necessary, not only to give us an idea of the formation of the Welsh identity, but also to place the novel into its correct historical context. The dissertation is divided into three parts. In part one, I examine the concepts of national and cultural identity and memory and the cultural and historical aspects which form the identity of Wales. I have used the works of Anthony D. Smith, professor of Ethnicity and Nationalism at the London School of Economics as a theoretical basis for the concepts of national and cultural identity. Part two, which deals with history, is divided into three sub-sections. In the first sub-section I examine and briefly outline historiography, how history is studied and presented. The second sub-section deals with the historical novel, how it developed as a literary genre and its relationship with the history narrative. The final sub-section is a historical background to Wales in order to have a better understanding of Welsh identity. Part three of the dissertation is my reading of Here Be Dragons, in which I examine the construction of Welsh identity in the narrative in the principal characters and the symbols that represent Wales in the descriptions of landscapes and medieval structures such as castles and manor houses. To conclude, I present my final considerations of the processes which have led to the eradication and the consequent search to restore a Welsh national identity. Thus, I believe I am fulfilling my part in this process that is so well represented in Sharon Kay Penman’s novel Here Be Dragons.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T16:35:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 isabel.pdf: 1429102 bytes, checksum: e5cf90577af56374d2dfcf5d150c1755 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper aimed to study the Emancipation category in selected works of Paulo Freire as a subsidy to a proposal for sexual education. The study investigated which contributions on previously selected works could contribute to the construction of an emancipatory sexual education project, and willingness to cooperate with the teachers in their educational practices, so that may result in processing actions of social reality, seeking to be more of citizenship for all. Initially the emancipation category was carefully framed to emphasize and understand their field of action in the construction of an emancipatory education process, recognizing it as well as a fundamental approach to sexual education that is the basis of this research beyond the dialectic s category, in view of historical and dialectical materialism. The meanings of the emancipation category were formed by indicators such as humanization and liberty, which unveiled in Be More Support category. Associated with these indicators were found Utopia and social transformation indicators that unveiled in the radicalization Support category. Awareness and Word complete the basis of indicators, unveiled in the Dialogue Support category. The indicators have been intertwined roots in the deep texts studied in works of Paulo Freire that emerged vigorously supported by its meanings of the Support category when unveiled, and this triad in turn, when interwoven and strengthened, motivated the establishment of the emancipation category and those are fundamental elements to subsidy the intentional sexual education process / O trabalho teve como objetivo o Estudo da Categoria Emancipação em Obras de Paulo Freire como subsídio a uma proposta de Educação Sexual. Investigou quais as obras previamente selecionadas do referido autor que podem contribuir na perspectiva da construção de um projeto de educação sexual emancipatória, e com a intenção de colaborar com os professores e professoras em suas práticas educacionais para que as mesmas possam resultar em ações transformadoras da realidade social, na busca de cidadania para todos. Inicialmente a categoria emancipação foi minuciosamente esquadrinhada para entender e enfatizar o seu campo de ação na construção de um processo de educação emancipatório, reconhecendo-a também como parte fundamental da abordagem de educação sexual que é base da presente pesquisa, além da categoria da dialética, na perspectiva do materialismo histórico-dialético. Os significados da categoria emancipação foram se constituindo por meio dos indicadores como a Humanização, a Liberdade, que se desvelaram na Categoria de Suporte Ser Mais. Associados a esses indicadores foram encontrados os indicadores Utopia e Transformação Social que se desvelaram na Categoria de Suporte Radicalização. E completando a base de indicadores a Conscientização e a Palavra que se revelaram na Categoria de Suporte Diálogo. Os indicadores foram as raízes entremeadas nas profundezas dos textos estudados, em obras de Paulo Freire que, ao serem desvelados, emergiram e sustentaram vigorosamente com suas significações as Categorias de Suporte e esta tríade, por sua vez, ao se entrelaçar fundamentou a constituição da categoria emancipação e são elementos fundamentais para subsidiar processos intencionais de educação sexual

A ideia do País de Gales como uma nação que detém sua identidade própria foi-se diluindo aos poucos, na medida em que se incorporou à história geral e à cultura do Reino Unido, as quais por sua vez são determinadas pela Inglaterra e pelos valores ingleses. A identidade galesa, como qualquer outra identidade nacional, é uma construção feita a partir de muitos fatores determinantes, entre eles os eventos históricos. Nesta tese, apresento minha leitura do romance histórico Here Be Dragons, da autora estadunidense Sharon Kay Penman, para explorar e analisar a questão da identidade nacional galesa e para examinar como o conceito de Identidade Galesa se configura naquele universo ficcional. Este trabalho representa também uma busca pessoal e uma investigação sobre minha identidade e memória galesa, já que fui criado e educado numa Gales gerida pelo sistema educacional inglês, que excluía dos currículos quase todas as referências à história, ao idioma e aos valores do País de Gales. O romance estudado se passa em um período da Baixa Idade Média em que Gales luta por manter sua cultura e sua identidade, ao ser confrontada com um poder maior, o dos reis e barões anglo-normandos que buscam construir seu império. Como se trata de um romance histórico, considero importante explorar as relações entre narrativa histórica e narrativa histórica ficcional. Para tanto, apresento um esboço historiográfico e certas considerações sobre o romance histórico como gênero literário. Mais ainda, acredito ser necessário apresentar um pouco da história do País de Gales, não apenas para termos uma ideia do que seja a identidade galesa, mas também para colocar o romance analisado no seu contexto histórico apropriado. Esta tese está construída em três partes. Na primeira, examino os conceitos de identidade e memória cultural e nacional e aspectos históricos formadores da identidade galesa. Para tanto, me apoio em obras escritas por Anthony D. Smith, professor de Etnia e Nacionalismo da Escola de Economia de Londres, como embasamento teórico para os conceitos de nacionalismo e identidade cultural. A segunda parte, que trata sobre História, é dividida em três subseções. Na primeira apresento um esboço sobre historiografia, com considerações sobre como a História é apreendida e estudada. A segunda trata sobre o romance histórico, comentando como se tornou um gênero literário e como se relaciona com a narrativa histórica. A última subseção apresenta traços da história do País de Gales, para estabelecer as ligações com as questões de identidade nacional. A terceira seção da tese apresenta a minha leitura de Here Be Dragons, na qual examino como é construída na narrativa a questão da identidade galesa através das personagens principais e nas descrições das paisagens e de estruturas medievais como castelos e mansões. Na conclusão, apresento as últimas considerações sobre os processos que levaram ao apagamento e à consequente busca de resgate da identidade nacional galesa. Acredito assim estar cumprindo minha parte neste processo que é tão bem representado no romance Here Be Dragons de Sharon Kay Penman. / Wales, as a nation in itself, has to some extent been forgotten and absorbed into the general history and culture of the United Kingdom, which for the most part, is dominated by England and “English” values. Welsh identity, or indeed any national identity, is a construct of many determining factors, not the least of which are historical events. In this dissertation, I present my reading of the historical novel, Here Be Dragons by American author Sharon Kay Penman, in order to explore and analyze the question of Welsh national identity and to examine how the concept of Welshness is configured in this fictional universe. This work is also a personal search and exploration into Welsh identity and memory, as I was brought up and educated through an English educational system – in Wales – which excluded a greater part of Welsh history, language and values from the curriculum. The novel covers a late medieval period of between 1183 and 1234, during which Wales struggles to maintain its unique identity and culture against the greater power of the empire-building Anglo-Norman kings and barons. As this dissertation concerns a historical novel, in order to better understand the relationship between a history narrative and a historical-novel fictional narrative, an outline of historiography and a background to the genre of the historical novel are important. Furthermore, a description of the historical background of Wales is necessary, not only to give us an idea of the formation of the Welsh identity, but also to place the novel into its correct historical context. The dissertation is divided into three parts. In part one, I examine the concepts of national and cultural identity and memory and the cultural and historical aspects which form the identity of Wales. I have used the works of Anthony D. Smith, professor of Ethnicity and Nationalism at the London School of Economics as a theoretical basis for the concepts of national and cultural identity. Part two, which deals with history, is divided into three sub-sections. In the first sub-section I examine and briefly outline historiography, how history is studied and presented. The second sub-section deals with the historical novel, how it developed as a literary genre and its relationship with the history narrative. The final sub-section is a historical background to Wales in order to have a better understanding of Welsh identity. Part three of the dissertation is my reading of Here Be Dragons, in which I examine the construction of Welsh identity in the narrative in the principal characters and the symbols that represent Wales in the descriptions of landscapes and medieval structures such as castles and manor houses. To conclude, I present my final considerations of the processes which have led to the eradication and the consequent search to restore a Welsh national identity. Thus, I believe I am fulfilling my part in this process that is so well represented in Sharon Kay Penman’s novel Here Be Dragons.