Submitted by Marcos Paulo de Jesus (mpj@gvmail.br) on 2018-07-11T20:46:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jesus - Um estudo de caso entre 3 tipos de leilão reverso sob a perspectiva de uma organização de compras.pdf: 883117 bytes, checksum: 78501c0ba874ec5e74051216e041b45a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Mayara Costa de Sousa (mayara.sousa@fgv.br) on 2018-07-13T22:22:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Jesus - Um estudo de caso entre 3 tipos de leilão reverso sob a perspectiva de uma organização de compras.pdf: 883117 bytes, checksum: 78501c0ba874ec5e74051216e041b45a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-07-16T13:29:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Jesus - Um estudo de caso entre 3 tipos de leilão reverso sob a perspectiva de uma organização de compras.pdf: 883117 bytes, checksum: 78501c0ba874ec5e74051216e041b45a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-16T13:29:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jesus - Um estudo de caso entre 3 tipos de leilão reverso sob a perspectiva de uma organização de compras.pdf: 883117 bytes, checksum: 78501c0ba874ec5e74051216e041b45a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-11 / Essa dissertação é um estudo de caso experimental em laboratório com três tipos de leilão reverso, visando aplicar as lições aprendidas no experimento a um caso real. Como há diversos tipos de leilão disponíveis, selecionar a modalidade mais indicada para um processo de compras torna-se um problema relevante para que uma empresa compradora consiga o melhor resultado do ponto de vista de redução de custo e continuidade do negócio. Fundamentado nisso, o objetivo dessa dissertação é identificar qual a modalidade de leilão pode trazer o melhor resultado do ponto de vista da empresa que está realizando a compra. Dessa forma, foi selecionado um item específico a ser comprado pela empresa, nesse caso um serviço de transporte de carga excedentes, e solicitado a fornecedores selecionados que enviassem propostas de fornecimento com o objetivo de atender à solicitação de cotação (RFQ, ou request for quotation) e, baseado nessas propostas, foi elaborada uma série de simulações em laboratório de três tipos de leilão: leilão reverso inglês, leilão reverso japonês e leilão de primeiro preço em envelope fechado. Após a execução desse experimento, foi selecionada a modalidade de leilão que gerou os melhores resultados esperados pela companhia, nesse caso o menor lance entre os participantes, e aplicada em um caso real, cujo resultado foi reportado nesse trabalho para enriquecer a aplicabilidade dessa dissertação. Com base nesses resultados foi possível comparar o efeito de redução de custos entre esses três tipos de leilão para então aplicá-los em situações futuras. / This dissertation is an experimental case study with three different types of reverse auction in a laboratory aiming to apply the lessons learned in the simulations to a real case. As there are several auctions types available in the software used by companies, selecting the most suitable type for a specific procurement process becomes a relevant problem for a company aiming to get the best result regarding cost reduction and business continuity. Based on that, the goal of this dissertation is to identify which type of auction may lead to the best result from the perspective of the buyer. Thus, it was selected one specific item to be purchased by the company, in this case heavy lift transportation services and it was asked to some suppliers to submit proposals to meet the request for quotation (RFQ). Based on these proposals, it was designed a series of auctions simulations in a laboratory of three types of auctions (reverse English auction, reverse Japanese auction and first price sealed envelope auction). After the performance of these simulations in a laboratory, the type of auction that generated the best results expected by the company, in this case the one with the lowest winning bid from bidders, was selected, applied in a real case situation and the result was reported to enrich the application of this dissertation. Based on these results it is possible to infer the cost reduction effect of these three types of auction and apply it further in the procurement processes.

Orientador: Shiguenoli Miyamoto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T13:18:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Scherma_MarcioAugusto1983-_M.pdf: 1731355 bytes, checksum: 222e0016d2582a37a6de7a95c45ed13e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Esta dissertação analisa as linhas de atuação do Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID) no Brasil, desde sua criação, em 1959, até o ano de 2006 (final do primeiro governo Lula), tendo como preocupação central detectar uma possível mudança no modo de atuação do BID a partir de fins da década de 80 e início dos anos 90, período de crise na América Latina. A hipótese da dissertação é que, embora tenha o BID sido influenciado pelo receituário do ¿Consenso de Washington¿ e por idéias mais liberais oriundas dos Estados Unidos durante os 70-80, as raízes do Banco garantiram a ele um papel mais independente do que outras instituições, fazendo com que, no caso do BID, as conhecidas ¿condicionalidades¿ nos empréstimos fossem menos relevantes e contassem com menos exigências. Acreditamos que e exemplo brasileiro é interessante para demonstrar isso, já que as chamadas ¿reformas neoliberais¿ ocorrem mais tardiamente no Brasil do que em outros países da América Latina; o que nos levou a questionar qual fora o real papel de organizações internacionais como o BID no processo de adoção destas reformas. Escolhemos o caso específico do BID por ser, esta instituição, a maior fonte multilateral de crédito brasileira / Abstract: This dissertation examines the lines of action of the Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) in Brazil, since its creation in 1959, until the year 2006 (end of the first government Lula), with the main objective of detecting a possible change in the mode of action of the IADB from the end of the decade of 80 and the early 90, a period of crisis in Latin America. The hypothesis of this dissertation is that although the IADB has been influenced by the prescriptions of the "Washington Consensus" and some kind of liberal ideas from the United States during the 70¿s-80¿s, the bank¿s roots assured it more independence than others institutions, so that in the case of the IADB, the well-knowned "conditionalities" in loans were less relevant and contracted with fewer requirements. We believe that the brazilian example is interesting to demonstrate this, because the so-called "neoliberal reforms" occured later in Brazil than in other Latin American countries; what led us to question what was the real role of international organizations such as the IADB in the process of adopting these reforms. We have chosed the specific case of the IADB because this institution is the largest source of multilateral credit of Brazil / Mestrado / Política Externa / Mestre em Relações Internacionais

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o mercado de concessões de prestação do serviço de transmissão de energia elétrica do Brasil. Essa concessão dura trinta anos e, se for considerado que houve muitos interessados em ganhar as concessões, para a maioria dos leilões realizados até 2005 o resultado dos leilões podem ser considerados um grande sucesso. Esses leilões são recentes, se iniciaram em 1999. Antes disso o setor passava por dificuldades de investimento. Após reformulação de algumas leis, o setor elétrico deixou de ser dependente de financiamentos governamentais. O setor privado começou a investir de forma controlada nesses projetos de grande porte e a obrigação do governo passou a ser o de fiscalizar e formular as leis do setor. Como houve muitos interessados em prestar o serviço público, os leilões foram a forma escolhida para decidir qual era a empresa mais eficiente. Os leilões são descendentes de primeiro preço em dois estágios em que o primeiro estágio é secreto em envelope fechado. Caso a diferença entre o menor valor e os outros lances seja menor do que 5%, o leilão passa para o segundo estágio que ocorre em viva-voz. Como o objeto leiloado é uma concessão, o valor que os participantes tem de decidir não é o preço a pagar, mas sim o valor da receita máxima que a concessionária aceitará receber para prestar o serviço. Uma das características da transmissão que determinou o tipo de regulação a ser utilizado foi o fato da transmissão de energia elétrica ser um monopólio natural, por isso o valor cobrado dos usuários deve ser controlado. O valor desse único lance contém as expectativas dos agentes sobre o valor dos custos estimados para prestar o serviço, contém também as expectativas de lucro possível, da probabilidade de vitória do leilão dada a concorrência etc. A análise deste trabalho se concentra nos leilões realizados no período de 1999 até 2005 em que ocorreram dez leilões com várias linhas sendo leiloadas em cada leilão. Para determinar o que tornou esse mercado tão interessante para as empresas privadas, foram consideradas as características de cada empresa. A característica mais importante é a interdependência. Essa interdependência permite custos menores quanto mais projetos de transmissão a empresa possui, por isso os resultados do leilão podem ser determinados por essa característica especial. Além dessa variável, foram consideradas a concorrência, a competitividade entre os participantes, o tipo de empresa, ou seja, em que setor a empresa possui especialidade na realização de projetos e o fato dos leilões serem seqüenciais. / This work analised the concession market of electricity transmission lines in Brazil. This market was recently created by a major restructuring in the regulation laws. The reason for this change was the investment crisis that the sector was going through before 1999. Those concessions are decided by an auction and lasts for thirty years. It has been considered a major success, due to the interest of many companies in acquiring this permits. The government no longer invested on it but instead decided de the laws to control the sector. One of the key changes in the diferent aspect of the regulation the participation of the private sector. Investments were no longer dependent on government for financial suport. This alteration made the market more competitive, eficient and lucrative. The auctions are classified as a descending first-price with two stages. The first stage is made with a sealed bid and in case the diference of the lowest bid and the other bids are less than 5%, the auction goes to the second stage with a oral auction. The object auctioned is a permit to provide a public service for a period o time, so this is the reason the auction is descending one. The bids made by the participants is the value of a maximum annual income permited by the regulator. The reason for this maximum is a result of the fact that this public service is a natural monopoly. It prevents the concessionare to take advantage over it´s clients by charging a high fee when they don´t have a choice of another provider of this service. When the participants of the auctions choose the value of the bid, this only bid contains all of their expectations of costs, profits, the probability of winning the auction when considering the competition etc. This work uses the data of all the auctions of transmission lines that happened between 1999 and 2005. in this period ocorred ten auctions, with many lines auctioned in each one. In order to determine what made this market so interesting for private companies some caracteristics of those companies were considered. The results of this study finds that the most important caracteristic is interdependencies. It allows lower costs the many concessions the company owns. This result is so powerful that sometimes it may determine the winner of the auction. Other variables analised were the competitiveness of this sequential auctions, the competitiveness of the participants, the kind of work the company is specialized in, as a real option when deciding what kind of company to participate, for exemple, in a joint venture, and the benefits of this decision.

Submitted by Marcia Silva (marcia@latec.uff.br) on 2016-01-29T16:48:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Ricardo Luiz Ferreira da Costa Neto.pdf: 1120222 bytes, checksum: fb10f112e2ff93dd963bc51c88513b6c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-29T16:48:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Ricardo Luiz Ferreira da Costa Neto.pdf: 1120222 bytes, checksum: fb10f112e2ff93dd963bc51c88513b6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-29 / A sistematização de processos de Engenharia e o Gerenciamento de Propostas (Bid Management) se desenvolveu muito ao longo da década de 2000, e várias abordagens sobre modelos de aplicação destas atividades existem atualmente. Entretanto, em função do caráter particular de gerenciamento de cada Empresa de Engenharia e como elas são estruturadas, fica sempre a dúvida de como e onde aplicar tais modelos e aproveitar os resultados vitoriosos de projetos passados. Neste contexto, a presente investigação acadêmica engloba a temática sobre a necessidade do Gerenciamento de Propostas, averigua a necessidade de existirem equipes dedicadas somente a ela, e propõe quais modelos de estruturação organizacional dessas equipes são mais adequados a maximização da conquista de projetos. / The systemization of Engineering processes and the Bid Management evolved during the 2000’s decade and several approaches regarding utilization models of those activities actually exist. However, due to the particularities of each Engineering Company and how they are organized, there will always be the doubt of how and where to use those models and take advantage of successful outcomes of past projects. In this context, the present academic investigation covers the thematic regarding the necessity of the Bid Management, investigates the necessity of having dedicated teams only to it and proposes which models of organizational structures are adequate for the maximization of projects acquisition

Many people still confused and misunderstand the differences between auction types: In fact, we have only two major types of auctions which are the forward auction and Reverse auction[22]. In a forward auction a single seller offers an item for sale with many competitive buyers driving the price upward: In a Reverse Auction, a single buyer wants to purchase a service or an item from many sellers, they drive the price downward: There are many differences between these type of auction: Including the progress of the auctions; winner selection criterion and other factors: The Reverse Auction nowadays is one of the most preferred types of online auctions: It gains popularity rapidly because of representing the buyers' side and helps him to drive prices down in contrary with the forward auction or traditional auction. The aim of this study is to identify the most common types of the Reverse auctions and compare them to one another to determine when should be used by a buyer and propose the most efficient implementation model for some types: The results of this study are: achieve a written report and a small demonstrator model on how to implement English Auction and Second-Sealed bid Auction.

This work deals with valuable consideration when changes of ownership of equity securities occur in connection with corporate changes in joint-stock company, especially with unwilling changes -- rise of registered capital with excluding the priority subscription right (§ 204a/5 of the Commercial Code), unwilling transfer of shares on the major shareholder (§ 354 of the "Act on the changes of commercial companies and associations") and squeeze out (§ 183i of the Commercial Code). Valuable consideration defines relatively in detail the Takeover Bid Act. This framework could be to certain extent analogically used for valuable consideration in unwilling transaction. However, its definition itself offers a considerable room for interpretation, so is also seized as the independent secondary topic (chapter 1). The main topic concerns two basic aspects. The first is a company evaluation. In this aspect we will take a look only at the dependence of the expert providing the evaluation on major shareholder (chapter 5). Work aims at the second problematic aspect of unwilling transaction - a premium over the valuable consideration for the infringement of right (chapter 2, especially section 2.4.). The work also deals with unevaluated risks of minority shareholders in the period beginning the day to which the company was evaluated to time of the pay out of ownership (chapter 4).

The aim of this thesis is to give a comprehensive overview about the internet auctions from several different perspectives, but mainly form the law-related perspective. The relation of the internet auctions to other branches of law is examined -- especially to the consumer protection or the questions of counterfeit goods. Part of this thesis is devoted to pay-per-bid auctions and their place in legal regulations in Czech Republic. The German regulations are also introduced a compared to the Czech ones. In the end there is an introduction to some interests from the auction world.

Cette thèse est composée de quatre chapitres. Le premier chapitre traite de l'évaluation de produits financiers dans un modèle comportant un saut pour l'actif risque. Ce saut représente la faillite de l'entreprise correspondante. On étudie alors l'évaluation des prix d'options par indifférence d'utilité dans un cadre d'utilité exponentielle. Par des techniques de programmation dynamique on montre que le prix d'un Bond est solution d'une équation différentielle et le prix d'options dépendantes de l'actif est solution d'une équation aux dérives partielles d'Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman. Le saut dans la dynamique de l'actif risque induit des différences avec le modèle de Merton que nous tentons de quantifier. Le second chapitre traite d'un marché comportant des sauts : les paris sur le football. Nous rappelons les différentes familles de modèles pour un match de football et introduisons un modèle complet permettant d'évaluer les prix des différents produits apparus sur ce marché ces dix dernières années. La complexité de ce modèle nous amène à étudier un modèle simplifié dont nous étudions les implications et calculons les prix obtenus que l'on compare à la réalité. On remarque que la calibration implicite obtenue génère de très bons résultats en produisant des prix très proches de la réalité. Le troisième chapitre développe le problème de fixation des prix par un teneur de marche monopolistique dans le marché des paris binaires. Ce travail est un prolongement direct au problème introduit par Levitt [Lev04]. Nous généralisons en effet son travail aux cas des paris européens et proposons une méthode pour estimer la méthode de cotation utilisée par le book-maker. Nous montrons que deux hypothèses inextricables peuvent expliquer cette fixation des prix. D'une part, l'incertitude du public sur la vraie valeur ainsi que le caractère extrêmement risque-averse du bookmaker. Le quatrième chapitre prolonge quant à lui cette approche au cas de produits financiers non binaires. Nous examinons différents modèles d'offre et de demande et en déduisons, par des techniques de programmation dynamique, des équations aux dérivées partielles dictant la formation des prix d'achat et de vente. Nous montrons finalement que l'écart entre prix d'achat et prix de vente ne dépend pas de la position du teneur de marche dans l'actif considère. Cependant le prix moyen dépend lui fortement de la quantité détenue par le teneur de marche. Une approche simplifiée est finalement proposée dans le cas multidimensionnel / This thesis is composed of four chapters. The first one deals with the pricing of financial products in a single jump model for the risky asset. This jump represents the bankrupcy of the quoted firm. We study the pricing of derivatives in the context of indifference of utility with an exponential utility. By means of dynamic programming we show that the bond price is solution of an ordinary differential equation and that stock price dependent options are solutions of an equation with partial derivatives of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman type generalizing the Black-Scholes one. We then try to quantify differences in the price obtained here and the one from Merton model without jump. The second chapter deals with a specific jump market : the soccer betting market. We recall the different model families for a soccer match and introduce some full model which allows to price the products recently born in this market in last ten years. Nevertheless the model complexity leads us to study a simplified model introduced by Dixon and Robinson from which we are able to derive closed formulas and simulate prices that we compare to market prices. We remark that implicit calibration gives pretty goof fit of market data. Third chapter developps the approach of Levitt [Lev04] on price formation in binary betting market held by a monopolistic market-maker operating in a one time step trading. We generalize Levitt results with european format of betting. We show that prices are distorded on the pressure of demand and offer, that phenomena introducing a market probability that allows to price products under this new measure. We identify some best model for demand and offer and market maker strategy and show that probability change is obvious in case of imperfect information about the value of the product. Fourth chapter generalizes this approach to the case of general payoffs and continuous time. The task is more complex and we just derive partial derivative equations from dynamic programming that enable us to give the bid-ask prices of the product traded by the market-maker. One result is that, in most models, bid-ask spread does not depend on the inventory held by the dealer whereas mid-quote price strongly reflects the unbalance of the dealer

The purpose of this Master’s thesis is to propose a procedure for the management of small-scale public construction contracts for municipalities. The procedure is designed based on information obtained from an analysis of the development of the existence and quality of internal regulations, an analysis of the development of information openness and in particular, a questionnaire completed amongst the mayors of municipalities. The resulting procedure for the awarding of small-scale public construction contracts is divided into three categories according to the expected value of the public contract. For each category, the number of suppliers contacted, the address of the suppliers, the decision-making entity and the bid evaluation process are set out in such a way that small municipalities can use this procedure as an internal rule for small-scale public construction contracts.

This Diploma thesis follows up the award of public contracts using the Design-Build method. The first part focuses on the description of individual procurement methods and their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, the basic types of FIDIC terms and connditions are compared here. The second part describes and evaluates the terms of reference for specific projects commissioned by Design-Build in the Czech Republic. There is also a questionnaire survey that examines the viewpoints, knowledge and experience of contracting authorities with this method.