Master of Science / Department of Clinical Sciences / Warren L. Beard / Objectives: To quantify sub-bandage pressures associated with various bandage constructs applied to the abdomen, distal limb, carpus, and tarsus. To assess the effect of time and /or post-bandaging manipulations on sub-bandage pressures. Study design: Randomized clinical trial Methods: Each bandage’s sub-bandage pressures were measured with the Picopress® compression measuring system at various time points determined by the study protocol. Nine horses were randomly assigned to a treatment regimen consisting of placement of three abdominal bandage types. Bandages were maintained for 24 hours. 8 horses had two types of distal limb bandages (DLC and DLP) applied and maintained for 24 hours. 8 horses had a DLC bandage applied for 96 hours. 8 horses had both carpal and tarsal bandages applied and pressures monitored after application and post walking. A generalized linear model evaluating associations of pressure with location of the sensor, bandage type, time of measurement, and the potential interaction between all variables was performed (P< 0.05). Results: For abdominal bandages, no time and treatment interactions were observed, and bandage pressures were maintained within each treatment group over the 24 hour period. For distal limb bandages, bandage type, sensor location, and time had a significant effect on sub-bandage pressures. For joint bandages, bandage type, sensor location, and post-bandaging manipulations had significant effects on sub-bandage pressures associated with compression bandages. Ambulation did not have a significant effect sub-bandage pressures generated by the carpal elastic bandages. Conclusions: Abdominal sub-bandage pressures do not significantly decrease over a 24 hour period, but generate low sub-bandage pressures. In contrast, limb bandages apply high sub-bandage pressures, but these pressures degrade over the initial 24 hours.

Zugl.: Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 2007 u.d.T.: Olivet, Jeannot: Auswirkungen einer patellastabilisierenden Bandage auf eine Medialisierung der Kniescheibe bei Patienten mit femoropatellarem Schmerzsyndrom / Hergestellt on demand

The cornea is an avascular transparent tissue exposed to the environment and therefore highly susceptible to damage. With an increase in corneal refractive surgeries, corneal transplants, and corneal injuries, understanding and improving corneal healing mechanisms are extremely important. Impaired healing of corneal wounds can lead to decreased visual acuity and extreme pain. Serum eye drops, amniotic membranes, pharmaceutical agents, biopolymers, and cell transplants are just a few approaches that have been employed to improve wound healing. Bandage contact lenses (BCLs) have been proposed as a simple method to facilitate wound healing while reducing pain. The synthesis of a silicone hydrogel contact lens capable of surface binding hyaluronic acid (HA) for corneal wound healing was explored in the current work. HA was used as both a wetting agent and a therapeutic. The work presented describes the synthesis, characterization, and cell testing of the HA binding model silicone hydrogels, composed of the hydrophilic monomer, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and a hydrophobic silicone monomer, methacryloxypropyltris (trimethylsiloxy) silane (TRIS). Three different methods were evaluated for increasing HA binding and improving surface wettability. “Caged lenses” utilized the same base polymer with the incorporation of methacrylated N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). Hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains were then tethered from the NHS, forming a “cage” with the potential to physically entrap HA. Although surface wettability was improved, less HA was entrapped in the caged lenses compared to model silicone hydrogels, presumably due to the increased hinderance resulting from the PEG chains. “Tethered HA” lenses utilized PEG as a spacer to conjugate HA to the lens surface in order to improve surface hydrophilicity. Methacrylated HA conjugation resulted in a significant decrease in contact angle (p <0.01) compared to model pHEMA-co-TRIS whereas tethered thiolated HA did not lead to a significant decrease (p >0.05) in contact angle. It was clear that neither of these methods would lead to sufficient HA binding. Ionic interaction lenses utilize monomers and small molecules that contain a positive charge to bind to the negatively charged HA under physiological conditions. The monomer diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DEAEM) was polymerized directly into the polymer backbone, but resulted in no significant decrease (p >0.05) in contact angle. In comparison, surface functionalization using thiolene “click” chemistry allowed conjugation of the small molecule, dimethylamino ethanethiol (DMAET) and diethylamino ethanethiol (DEAET). DMAET and DEAET modified lenses showed significantly higher (p <0.001) HA binding compared to model pHEMA-co-TRIS controls at all time points. The modified lenses improved release kinetics preventing an initial burst release and showed consistent release when unloaded and reloaded with HA. The contact angle was significantly decreased (p <0.05) for the modified lenses with HA without affecting the equilibrium water content. Optical transparency was reduced following lens modifications although the thickness of the disks prepared was higher than a typical contact lens. Finally, the modified lenses did not exhibit any cytotoxicity in vitro with human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). The synthesis of silicone hydrogels capable of surface binding HA have potential to be used as a bandage contact lens while improving surface wettability and enhancing comfort. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

Infection of thermal injuries by bacteria is a growing concern in the healthcare community, leading to increased rates of morbidity and mortality. P. aeruginosa, a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacteria is one of the bacterial species most commonly found in infected burns. Detecting infections in burns is still a somewhat archaic process involving visual inspection, in which dressings have to be removed (also causing more pain and discomfort to patients) before samples are sent to a laboratory for analysis. Timely in situ detection systems, which limit disturbances to the wound area, could drastically improve patient comfort and healing outcomes. While established infections, with fully developed biofilms, are difficult to treat, loose bacteria early on in an infection and biofilm formation are more likely to fall easy prey to antibiotics, if the appropriate drugs are administered in a timely manner. In this thesis a smart wound management system, geared towards detecting and eliminating P. aeruginosa infections in burns is presented. Both non-functionalized general purpose electrodes, paired with an affordable open source potentiostat, for electrochemical analysis, and on demand drug releasing elements were developed by layering conductive materials onto everyday cotton threads. The sensing elements were thoroughly characterized with the detection of a P. aeruginosa biomarker over a range of physiologically relevant concentrations and conditions. The ability of the thread based sensors to detect live bacteria and be integrated in textile wound dressings was demonstrated. Controlled drug release was also demonstrated through the development of several drug release profiles. The presented technology has the potential to greatly improve patient outcomes in burn wards and provides a platform for tackling other infectious organisms with the further development of more thread based tools. / Graduate / 2021-08-25

This thesis describes an investigation of sub-bandage pressure (SSP). It examines the characteristics of the Strathclyde Pressure Monitor, which incorporates a fluid-filled sensor and a piezo-electric transducer. The sensor volume was minimised, the variation in output with change in sensor position eliminated, and the time response of the system reduced. The impact of changes in foot position on SSP was investigated using two compression bandages. The pressure at a site depended upon the interaction between the type of bandage (elastomeric or non-elastomeric) and the position of the foot. The impact of changes in subject posture on SSP was studied. The SSP increased as the subject stood, from sitting. There was no consistent pattern in pressure change as the subject sat up from lying supine. The sub-bandage pressures of patients with active venous ulcers were monitored at two sites on the leg for seven days. There was a decrease in SSP upon standing, in contrast to normal volunteer studies. Three series of experiments investigated the impact of training in bandaging on SSP. A pilot study of 18 nurses assessed SSP on normal legs before and after training, as well as using a bandage printed with an extension guide. After training, significantly more nurses achieved acceptable pressure profiles. An additional 48 nurses were trained using three bandages (two elastomeric and one non-elastomeric). Training improved bandaging technique but more nurses applied satisfactory bandages with the elastomeric bandages than with the non-elastomeric bandage. In the final investigation, 224 community nurses were trained applying a two-layer and a 4-layer compression system. After training, a higher proportion of nurses applied the 4-layer in a satisfactory manner. This research highlights the different response to posture between patients and normal subjects, and the variable impact of training on nurses depending on the bandage system.

No description available.

Surrounding materials, signage, and detritus on the daily path offer plenty to look at, if not too much. The eye seeks comfort in its passive vision by ignoring its peripheries. Identification of my personal vision reveals itself through the manipulation of ignored material. I consider hand-made vs. machine made, singular vs. the multiple particularly in plastics, packaging and other utilitarian objects. Industrial processes influence my one-person operation. Understanding the way objects are made allows for an opportunity to connect with them. I’m already surrounded by them, the least I can do is get to know them better.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-10-18T17:04:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Thalita de Freitas Santana.pdf: 13204781 bytes, checksum: 5141c2113b5f5d64da4fa6b11b20b7d8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-18T17:04:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thalita de Freitas Santana.pdf: 13204781 bytes, checksum: 5141c2113b5f5d64da4fa6b11b20b7d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Elastic bandage is a therapeutic resource recently applied to the speech-language pathology field. An integumentary stimulation is utilized to promote sensory and mechanical information. There are no neonatology studies in the literature on the effects of elastic bandage on this population. Clinical practice has shown that the application of this resource has been beneficial for the development of oral-motor abilities. Objective: to describe the use of elastic bandage as a complementary resource in the stimulation of infants with difficulty in oral feeding. Method: this is a case study research where four infants (one term and three preterm) were examined and admitted to a Level II neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The areas where the bandage was going to be applied (suprahyoid and cheeks) were determined by a speech-language pathology evaluation and the infant’s difficulty. The infants’ oral feeding performance was evaluated before, during (24 and 48 hours) and after the use of bandage. The analyzed parameters were: feeding type, suction strength and rhythm, volume ingested per minute, coordination and weight. Results: the elastic bandage application in the four infants has shown an improvement in all the analyzed parameters related to oral feeding. Conclusion: according to the analysis of the cases studied, it was noticed that the use of bandage, independently of the area where it was applied, associated with speech therapy, supported the infants to feed orally in an effective and secure manner / A bandagem elástica é um recurso terapêutico recentemente utilizado na atuação fonoaudiológica. Utiliza-se da estimulação tegumentar para promover informações sensoriais e mecânicas Especificamente em neonatologia, não existem estudos da literatura que investiguem o efeito da bandagem elástica nessa população. A prática clínica demonstra que a utilização deste recurso tem favorecido o desenvolvimento das habilidades motoras orais.Objetivo: descrever o uso da bandagem elástica como recurso auxiliar na estimulação de recém-nascidos com dificuldade de alimentação por via oral. Método: se trata de uma pesquisa de estudo de casos, foram estudados quatro recém-nascidos, um a termo e três pré-termos, internados na unidade neonatal de risco intermediário. De acordo com a avaliação fonoaudiológica e da dificuldade do recém-nascido foi determinada a região de aplicação da bandagem, foram duas regiões: supra-hioide e bochechas. O desempenho da alimentação via oral dos bebês foi analisada antes, durante (24 e 48 horas) e depois do uso da bandagem.. Os parâmetros comparados foram: via de alimentação, força e ritmo de sucção, volume ingerido por minuto, coordenação e peso. Resultados: a aplicação da bandagem elástica nos quatro recém-nascidos mostrou melhora em todos os parâmetros analisados relacionados a alimentação via oral. Conclusão: conforme a análise dos casos estudados pudemos identificar que o uso da bandagem associada à fonoterapia, independentemente da região aplicada, auxiliou os recém-nascidos a se alimentarem por via oral de forma eficiente e segura.

O efeito de fármacos pode ser potencializado através do desenvolvimento de novos sistemas de liberação como os sistemas mucoadesivos. Estes sistemas permanecem em contato íntimo com o tecido de absorção, às mucosas, liberando o fármaco no local de ação, com o consequente aumento da biodisponibilidade, podendo promover efeitos locais e sistêmicos. Através do desenvolvimento da bandagem bucal antimicrobiana e testadas sua eficiência sobre a cultura de algumas bactérias bucais (S. mutans e C. albicans) se fez necessário continuar os estudos desse material. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as propriedades bioquímicas e funcionais da bandagem bucal antimicrobiana no que tange a: degradação no meio salivar; adequação da composição para a melhoria da aderência à mucosa bucal; desempenho quanto à liberação controlada de fármacos; absorção de água, perda de massa; medida do pH do líquido residual em diferentes períodos de tempo; citotoxicidade da bandagem em cultura de fibroblastos. As bandagens avaliadas tinham diferentes composições quitosana, quitosana com glicerol, quitosana e alginato com/sem glicerol, e todas com/sem fármaco. Através das análises realizadas foi possível observar que as bandagens que absorveram mais água em tampão foi a membrana híbrida (203%) e em saliva foi a híbrida com glicerol (30%). A membrana que perdeu mais massa em tampão e em saliva foi a híbrida com glicerol (40% e 30%), isso quer dizer que elas se decompõe e liberam suas propriedades no meio. A liberação controlada do fármaco pode avaliar que a membrana híbrida liberou de forma crescente o fármaco (0,075%), facilitando sua liberação. No teste de citotoxicidade todas as bandagens com fármaco foram citotóxicas, já as bandagens de quitosana e quitosana com glicerol promoveram o crescimento celular. / The effect of drugs may be enhanced through the development of new delivery systems as mucoadhesive systems. These systems remain in intimate contact with the tissue absorption, in this case the mucosa, releasing the drug at the site of action, with the consequent increase in bioavailability and may promote local and systemic effects. Mucoadhesion is currently explained by six theories: electronics, adsorption, wetting, diffusion, fracture and mechanics (Carvalho et al., 2010). In 2011, Kloster et al. developed an oral bandage and tested antimicrobial efficiency in the culture of some oral bacteria (S. mutans e C. albicans), the results were promising. The aim of this study was to analyze the biochemical and functional properties of oral antimicrobial bandage with respect to: the salivary environment degradation; the composition adjustment for improving the adherence to the buccal mucous membrane; the performance as to the controlled releasing of drugs; water absorption while analyzing the mass loss; pH measurements of the residual liquid in different periods of time; the plaster cytotoxicity in cell and fibroblast culture. Through the analyzes it was observed that the bandages absorb water and lose mass, it means that they decompose and release their property in the middle. The bandages with drug in viability analysis were cytotoxic cell and different concentrations of drug should be study.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:12:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andrea Pereira da Silva.pdf: 1030140 bytes, checksum: ef451cee972be44cd6cf942ce64d3dd2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The elastic bandage as therapeutic instrument is a resource already in use for long time in areas such as Physiotherapy, but has only recently started to gain ground in the Speech Language Pathology for both clinic use and research. It has been used as auxiliary treatment for a number of musculoskeletal dysfunctions in the field of orofacial motility with excellent clinic results. Its application is diversified and, according to a clinical and therapeutic evaluation, can be used to increase or decrease the neuron excitement of a muscle. Despite of the elastic bandage vast usage possibility, it s use in Speech Language Pathology is still empiric once there are so few studies about this theme. Objective: to verify the elastic bandage effect on healthy adult s trapezius muscle through surface electromyography and a qualitative questionnaire. Method: 51 healthy adults participated from 20 to 35years old, 21 male and 30 divided randomly into three groups: G1 Group with tensioned elastic bandage, G2 Group with non-tensioned elastic bandage and G3 Control group that did no use the elastic bandage. For the data as acquisition a pre-bandage, with-bandage and 24h-after-bandage electromyography evaluations were performed on G1 and G2 subjects. For both groups was also applied a questionnaire. For the G3 subjects two electromyography evaluations were performed with a 24hour interval. The resulting data was loaded to an Excel spreadsheet where statistic crosses were performed considering the stages within the groups and crossing between groups. Results: There were no significant differences on the electromyography data during the tasks Rest (R) and maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) in any groups, immediately after placing the bandage and after 24hours on the groups that used this resource. Comparing G1, G2 and G3 there wasn t any evidence of significant differences on analyzed variables. Confronting G1 and G2 during the pre-bandage and with-bandage stages difference was found only during the left side MVC. In the questionnaire, the most part of the G1 group reported a relaxing sensation during sleep. Conclusion: The sample subjects that used the elastic bandage did not show significant result on the electromyographic signal of the evaluated muscle. However, regarding the self-reported questionnaire a big part of the subjects that used the bandage tape affirmed having a relaxing feeling / A utilização da bandagem elástica como instrumento terapêutico é um recurso novo na Fonoaudiologia que começa a ganhar espaço na clínica e na pesquisa, apesar de já ser utilizada há muito tempo em outros campos como por exemplo na Fisioterapia. Tem sido utilizada como auxiliar no tratamento de diversas disfunções musculoesquelética na área da motricidade orofacial com excelentes resultados clínicos. Sua aplicação é diversificada e conforme a avaliação clínico-terapêutica, pode ser usada para aumentar ou diminuir a excitação neuronal do músculo. Apesar da vasta possibilidade de utilização da bandagem elástica, na Fonoaudiologia esse uso ainda se dá de forma empírica, uma vez que temos poucos estudos sobre o tema. Objetivo: verificar o efeito da bandagem elástica no músculo trapézio de adultos saudáveis por meio de eletromiografia de superfície e de um questionário qualitativo. Método: participaram deste estudo 51 adultos saudáveis na faixa etária de 20 a 35 anos. 21 sujeitos do gênero masculino e 30 do feminino, divididos de forma randomizada em três grupos: G1 grupo que utilizou bandagem elástica com tensão, G2 grupo que utilizou bandagem elástica sem tensão e G3 grupo controle, que não utilizou a bandagem. Para a aquisição dos dados foram realizadas avaliações eletromiográficas no pré-uso da bandagem, com a bandagem e após 24 horas o uso da bandagem nos sujeitos do G1 e G2. Para os dois grupos também foi aplicado um questionário. Para os sujeitos do G3 foram realizadas duas avaliações eletromiográficas com o intervalo de 24 horas entre si. Os dados foram inseridos em uma planilha Excel onde foram realizados os cruzamentos estatísticos considerando os momentos dentro do mesmo grupo e o cruzamento entre os grupos. Resultados: não houve diferenças significativas nos dados eletromiográficos nas tarefas de repouso (R) e contração voluntária máxima (CVM) em nenhum um dos grupos após 24hs e imediatamente após a colocação da bandagem nos grupos que utilizaram este recurso. Na comparação entre G1, G2 e G3 também não foi evidenciado diferenças significativas para as variáveis analisadas. Na confrontação entre o G1 e o G2 nos momentos pré e durante, houve diferença entre os dois grupos apenas na variável CVM do lado esquerdo. No questionário a maioria dos sujeitos do grupo G1 referiram sensação de relaxamento durante o sono. Conclusão: os sujeitos da amostra que utilizaram a bandagem não apresentaram resultado significativo no sinal eletromiográfico do músculo avaliado. Em relação ao questionário autorreferido a maioria dos sujeitos da amostra que utilizaram a bandagem afirmaram sensação de relaxamento