Orientador: Celso Luis Marino / Resumo: The forest-breeding program in Brazil has the general objective of providing most adapted plants to different environments for various Brazilian regions, for fulfilling timber demands meant for multiple uses in the country. One of the main problems found in different forest breeding programs are the difficulty to identify the different species and hybrids. The use of molecular biology techniques in plant breeding programs is found very effective in the optimization of the time and the direction of these programs, particularly among those plants of the same subgenus. The process of selection and hybrid plants selected for planting in most cases; significantly increase the gain in terms of production and adaptability. The use of molecular markers to characterize the molecular variability of forest species has revolutionized genetic analysis in recent years. The bulk segregant analysis (BSA) is a technique used to identify molecular markers linked to monogenic, dominant or recessive characters. BSA technique in combination with Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLP) technique is an efficient methodology for the detection of polymorphism from genomic restriction fragments through PCR amplification; which helps in analyzing large number of loci for testing without the need for previous information of their sequence in respect to their dominance and reproducibility. The most recent and promising applications of molecular biological methods for the detection of small DNA fra... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Doutor

Submitted by Priscila Azarak (priscilazarak@hotmail.com) on 2018-11-23T12:36:47Z No. of bitstreams: 4 Tese_Priscila Azarak.pdf: 5265527 bytes, checksum: 9ef468a213bf6ff7c0d54430b3c0f225 (MD5) Ata de Defesa de Tese_Discente Priscila Alencar Azarak.pdf: 724256 bytes, checksum: 6056b126e2c68dc54645a6684a748b01 (MD5) CartaEncaminhamentoAutodepósito.pdf: 152003 bytes, checksum: 4ed216d6127242c14ee12a426a831dd1 (MD5) Autorização para divulgar.pdf: 17500 bytes, checksum: d30e94c038cbf77bbe0d715102a7968e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by PPGDivBio Diversidade Biológica (ppgdivbio@gmail.com) on 2018-11-23T17:18:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 Tese_Priscila Azarak.pdf: 5265527 bytes, checksum: 9ef468a213bf6ff7c0d54430b3c0f225 (MD5) Ata de Defesa de Tese_Discente Priscila Alencar Azarak.pdf: 724256 bytes, checksum: 6056b126e2c68dc54645a6684a748b01 (MD5) CartaEncaminhamentoAutodepósito.pdf: 152003 bytes, checksum: 4ed216d6127242c14ee12a426a831dd1 (MD5) Autorização para divulgar.pdf: 17500 bytes, checksum: d30e94c038cbf77bbe0d715102a7968e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-11-23T18:04:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 Tese_Priscila Azarak.pdf: 5265527 bytes, checksum: 9ef468a213bf6ff7c0d54430b3c0f225 (MD5) Ata de Defesa de Tese_Discente Priscila Alencar Azarak.pdf: 724256 bytes, checksum: 6056b126e2c68dc54645a6684a748b01 (MD5) CartaEncaminhamentoAutodepósito.pdf: 152003 bytes, checksum: 4ed216d6127242c14ee12a426a831dd1 (MD5) Autorização para divulgar.pdf: 17500 bytes, checksum: d30e94c038cbf77bbe0d715102a7968e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-23T18:04:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 Tese_Priscila Azarak.pdf: 5265527 bytes, checksum: 9ef468a213bf6ff7c0d54430b3c0f225 (MD5) Ata de Defesa de Tese_Discente Priscila Alencar Azarak.pdf: 724256 bytes, checksum: 6056b126e2c68dc54645a6684a748b01 (MD5) CartaEncaminhamentoAutodepósito.pdf: 152003 bytes, checksum: 4ed216d6127242c14ee12a426a831dd1 (MD5) Autorização para divulgar.pdf: 17500 bytes, checksum: d30e94c038cbf77bbe0d715102a7968e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-21 / The Neotropical region is the area which houses the largest quantity of species in the world, the Amazon being the South America biome with the greatest anuran species diversity. The Branco River basin, in the extreme north of the Amazon, represents a gap in the knowledge on the amazon amphibians. This thesis aimed: (1) To carry out a inventory of amphibians of the areas on the influence of the Branco River basin, including the records present in the literature, and to discuss the regional distribution of the species; and (2) To investigate the presence of cryptic lineages within the anurofauna of the Branco River basin, using the amphibian DNA barcodes tools. In this study 43 localities were sampled along the Branco River basin, covering differnt environments. We recorded 47 amphibian species belonging to two orders, 19 genera and 8 families, which together with other 21 species recorded in the literature, totalized 68 species of amphibians for that basin. Three species are new records to the region: Boana calcarata, Dendropsophus leucophyllatus and Osteocephalus leprieuri. The analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) showed that the upper and lower Branco River basin present significative differences in their species composition. The 16S rRNA mitochondrial DNA and four algoritims of delimitation (mPTP, locMin, bGMYC, GMYC) were used to investigate the presence of cryptic species in the anurofauna of that region. It was identified 41 morphological species, of that 10 have lineages restricted to the Branco River basin. / A região Neotropical é a área que abriga a maior quantidade de espécies do mundo, sendo a Amazônia o bioma sulamericano com a maior diversidade de espécies desse grupo de vertebrados. A bacia do rio Branco, situada no extremo norte da Amazônia, constitui uma lacuna no conhecimento da fauna de anfíbios amazônicos. Esta tese teve como objetivo: (1) Realizar um inventário dos anfíbios das áreas de influência da bacia do rio Branco, incluindo os registros da literatura e discutir a distribuição regional das espécies e (2) Investigar a presença de linhagens crípticas dentro da anurofauna da bacia do rio Branco, utilizando a ferramenta do DNA Barcode. Neste estudo foram amostrados 43 pontos de coletas ao longo da bacia do rio Branco, abrangendo diferentes ambientes. Foram registradas 47 espécies de anfíbios pertencentes a duas ordens, 19 gêneros e 8 famílias, que somadas a outras 21 espécies registradas na literatura, totalizam 68 espécies de anfíbios para esta bacia. Três espécies são novos registros para a região: Boana calcarata, Dendropsophus leucophyllatus e Osteocephalus leprieurii. A análise de similaridade ANOSIM mostrou que as porções alta e baixa da bacia do rio Branco apresentaram diferenças significativas na composição de espécies. Foi utilizado o gene mitocondrial 16S rRNA e quatro algoritmos de delimitação (mPTP, locMin, bGMYC, GMYC) para investigar a presença de espécies crípticas na anurofauna da região. Foram identificadas morfologicamente 41 espécies, das quais 10 apresentaram linhagens restritas à bacia do rio Branco.

The number of medication errors associated with preventable deaths in healthcare facilities remains at a high rate for healthcare leaders. Practices of medication delivery remain similar to those 10 years ago. Hospitals that have implemented barcoding medication administration systems have reported a decrease in medication errors ranging from 60% to as high as 93%. Despite this utility of barcoding, only 50% of U.S. hospitals have implemented barcode medication administration. This comparative case study explored the strategies hospital leaders used to implement barcode medication administration systems, utilizing the sociotechnical theory for a conceptual framework. Face-to-face, semistructured interviews were used to identify experiences from a purposive sample of 20 hospital leaders from Minnesota and Iowa. The research question guiding this study addressed strategies hospital leaders used to implement barcode medication systems to reduce preventable medical errors. After analyzing the interview transcripts using inductive analyses, 4 themes emerged. These themes include the strategic organizational communication, technology and end user support, hands-on training, and application of audit reports. Hospital leaders might benefit from the study findings when developing strategies to implement barcode medication systems. The implication for positive social change includes the potential of decreasing patient medication errors and reducing loss of life caused by medication errors with hospital leaders accelerating the adoption of barcode medication systems in hospitals. Other health care providers may explore how the findings might help reduce medication errors in their facilities.

Systematic genomic studies in the budding yeast S. cerevisiae have greatly increased our capacity to conduct functional profiling of the eukaryotic genome. I describe a new method that makes use of yeast “Barcoder” strains to uniquely tag strains in a yeast overexpression collection (FLEX) and to systematically examine the effects of gene overexpression on cell fitness. This novel system is compatible with the so-called Synthetic Genetic Array (SGA) method, which automates yeast genetics and allows introduction of marked query alleles of interest into arrayed collections of yeast mutants. I identified SDL interactions for two key regulatory kinases, Dun1 and Mck1, using my system. I also used my array and approach to identify SDL interactions for Dun1 that are only manifest in the presence of DNA damage. These studies demonstrate the utility of the pooled SGA-SDL method for systematic discovery of condition-specific genetic interactions in conserved biological pathways.

Systematic genomic studies in the budding yeast S. cerevisiae have greatly increased our capacity to conduct functional profiling of the eukaryotic genome. I describe a new method that makes use of yeast “Barcoder” strains to uniquely tag strains in a yeast overexpression collection (FLEX) and to systematically examine the effects of gene overexpression on cell fitness. This novel system is compatible with the so-called Synthetic Genetic Array (SGA) method, which automates yeast genetics and allows introduction of marked query alleles of interest into arrayed collections of yeast mutants. I identified SDL interactions for two key regulatory kinases, Dun1 and Mck1, using my system. I also used my array and approach to identify SDL interactions for Dun1 that are only manifest in the presence of DNA damage. These studies demonstrate the utility of the pooled SGA-SDL method for systematic discovery of condition-specific genetic interactions in conserved biological pathways.

There is a great challenge to deal with psychid taxonomy due to the sexual dimorphism and conservative morphology of male. The genus Eumeta is widely distributed among Asia, Australia and Africa, with taxa resembling each other in morphological aspects. This historical confusion was originated from misidentification of type specimen and difficulty of specimen vouchering. Previous studies also recorded Eumeta of Taiwan, but taxa still uncertain actually. In present study, reared specimens were used to acquire morphology of different development and larval case style, and corroborated each other with barcode of life. As the results, Eumeta minuscula and E. variegata were confirmed in Taiwan. A highly variation of male morphology with genitalia asymmetry were described. Additionally, the male 8th tergite and sternite were suggested valuable for species identification. Having examined the type series specimen and original description, 13 species distributed in orient were grouping. Except E. minuscula and E. crameri were smaller and identifiable, a mass of ambiguous species included E. variegata, E. maxima, E. layardi, E. japonica, E. pryeri, E. sikkima, E. wallacei, E. javanica, E. wallacei var. bougainvillea, E. formosicola and E. kiushiuana were defined as E. variegata species-complex, and then revised this complex mainly with Taiwanese specimens. Due to the morphological variety of whole examination involving with those of Taiwan, 8 species were treated as junior synonym of E. variegata, excluding E. japonica, E. javanica and E. kiushiuana that remain undetermined because the types have not examined. Preliminary result of molecular work also supported this treatment as well, except an individual of China (Yunnan) that more information is needed.

The main objectives of this study is to :¡]1¡^probe into relationship of larval fish communities and environmental water factor in Tan-sui River Estuary, and observe assemblages of larval fish within different time scale¡F¡]2¡^to compare the results of DNA barcode with mophorlogical identification in larval and juvenile¡F¡]3¡^conjecture the recruit phase & the early life cycles of DNA indentified fish groups associated estuaries in Tan-sui. It shows that recruitment family, such as Scorpaenidae, Engraulidae, Sciaenidae, Sillaginidae and Gobiidae are the main fish have significant differences between larval fish community and the four seasons in Tan-sui estuary. Besides, statistical informations show community distribution and most environmental factors have significant differences, but temperature is the most. We compare the communities of twenty years ago, spring, autumn or summer are the opportune time of recruitment, 72 and 31 families of fish larvae were collected over past five and twenty years ago respectively, it shows that Tan-sui estuarine environment have been improved. We used 96 COI sequences in DNA indetification. Comparing the results of specimens identification between DNA barcoding and different morphological resolution power, DNA barcoding could up to the lower level than the tradiontional way. And after counting, the success rate of DNA identification was higher than different morphological resolving power¡Fthe numbers of mophological type are higher than the taxa after DNA indetification, it means that many morphological characters are not constant in early developmental stage, and DNA barcoding can be a useful tool to assist in promoting the success rate of the traditional way. Comparing with references, 34 indentified by DNA Barcode can conjecture recruit phase & early life cycles, most of these specimens are categorized to¡unondependent marine fish¡v, and the others are¡udependent marine fish¡v, but in fact, some of¡utrue estuarine¡v¡B¡ufeshwater¡vand ¡udiadromous¡vspecies can be indetified by morphology, it was due to the incompletion of the sequence database or sampling error. We should be able to understand the early life history of fish and the role of local habitat for the resources conservation and managenment in the future as long as we collect more complete COI database.

It has been about 30 years since the first security investment trust companies (hereafter referred to as the Securities Investment Trust) was established and issued the first funds in national mutual fund market since 1983. The total market size of the domestic issued fund is more than 1.89 trillion NT dollars now. And as offshore funds open to the domestic market, the atmosphere of domestic investors use mutual funds to manage finance gradually prevailed. Along with the cross-stray policy adjustment the government made and the markets open up of oversea financial products, the competition between domestic security industries extended from commodity differentiation to service innovation and efficiency. In addition to the performance of issued funds, professional services, innovative products and convenient platform have become the one of the competition focuses between industries. In the competitive environment of market saturation, increasing supply, and high operation cost, it is important and basic for a corporation to build a sale system with outstanding cost, quality, and speed. That is to rapidly react to the market, provide different creative services, strengthen customers¡¦ value and service quality, and elevate customers satisfactory and operation performance. Quick response (QR) is in related with the ability whether a corporation can satisfy to the need of the customers in time and increase corporation competitiveness by commerce automotive. This research was to discover the challenge of the fund administration department of the case study company. The bar code model was imported into the fund operation procedure with the angle of commerce automotive. That was to reduce the redundant waste and fasten the procedure of operation and management. With the corporation of automotive function, the information could be handled and managed more efficiently with real time track, on line monitor, intensify control, and decrease redundant recording procedure. Also, the investment trust fund operation efficiency and quality could be improved and strengthen the management performance by increasing inner control and customer service. Furthermore, to combine the feasible bar code system and mobile device with investment e-commerce platform from the angle of fund operation procedure to find the opportunity to create new procedure as a reference for the investment owners in future development. Finally, suggest the future discussion aspect of the business model of financial creativity in order to develop a unique financial service platform in Taiwan to increase our international competitiveness in financial service.

Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία προτείνουμε και υλοποιούμε ένα σύστημα, το οποίο κινείται στα πλαίσια των τεχνολογιών κινητού υπολογισμού και σχεδιάστηκε για να χρησιμοποιείται από τους καταναλωτές κατά την διαδικασία αγοράς αγαθών από τα ράφια των super market. / In this postgraduate project a proposed system is built within mobile computing technology and is designed for use from consumers while they go for shopping to the super market.

The current method to determine a mosquito specimen to a certain species is by morphological keys basically following the taxonomy developed by Carl Linnaeus in the 1700. Since Watson and Crick presented their model of the double-helix DNA in 1953, a new era of molecular based taxonomic studies have revolutionized the field. The revolution is not in terms of how the classification of species is done but how the biological diversity is seen. However, morphological, ecological and behavioral characteristics are still important and are used together with the information a gene or whole genome can give. DNA barcoding is one of the promising methods for molecular identification. A small segment of a gene, approximately 400-1000 base pairs (bp), are examined by a Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Like the barcodes in the grocery store these sequences work like unique ID: s for every species. This thesis shows how a fast DNA extraction method could be combined with DNA barcoding to get a 658-bp segment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) from different species of the mosquito family Culicidae. A total of 15 thoraxes or wings, from individual specimen of mosquitoes, were examined and 11 different barcode sequences could be retrieved. Six correspond to already published COI sequences and could therefore be determined to the species level, including a sequence from a new species for Sweden, Aedes (Ochlerotatus) nigrinus. All mosquitoes were collected during the national inventory of species in summer of 2012 in Sweden, ”Myggjakten”, and have been morphological examined by experts at the National Veterinary Institute (SVA) prior to molecular determination. This thesis also highlights the importance of building a reference library of barcode sequences, so DNA barcoding could become an effective diagnostic tool. Inventory projects like “Myggjakten” may, if repeated, provide excellent material for such a library collection of barcode data. / När en stickmyggsart skall artbestämmas är den vanligaste metoden att använda morfologiska nycklar. I princip görs det här efter den taxonomi som Carl von Linne utvecklade på 1700-talet. Men sedan Watson och Crick presenterade sin DNA modell 1953 så har dock en ny era av molykylärt baserade metoder revolutionerat taxonomin. Förändringen består egentligen inte i hur vi klassificerar och använder taxonomin utan mer hur vi ser på den biologiska mångfalden. Morfologiska och ekologiska studier, samt studier av arters beteende, är fortfarande viktiga och komplementerar den molekylära informationen från ett genom eller från en enstaka gen. DNA barcoding är en av de lovande nya molekylära metoderna för artbestämning. Ett litet segment av en gen, på ungefär 400-1000 baspar (bp), undersöks med hjälp av polymeras-kedjereaktion (PCR) och sekvensering. Likt streckkoder i livsmedelsbutiken ger metoden ett unikt ID för varje art. Den här studien visar hur en snabb DNA-extraktionsmetod kan kombineras med DNA barcoding, för att ge en 658-bp lång DNA-sekvens, från den mitokondriella genen cytokrom c oxidas subunit 1 (COI) från olika arter av myggfamiljen Culicidae. I undersökningen ingick 15 mellankroppar eller vingar från individuella stickmyggor och av dessa kunde 11 olika barcode sekvenser utläsas. Sex av dessa stämde överrens med redan publicerade COI-sekvenser och kunde bestämmas till artnivå, varav en av sekvenserna kommer från den nyligen i Sverige funna morfologiskt artbestämda Aedes (Ochlerotatus) nigrinus. Stickmyggorna i detta arbete insamlades av privatpersoner på olika ställen i Sverige under sommaren 2012 i det nationella mygginsamlingsprojektet ”Myggjakten”. Dessa artbestämdes morfologiskt av personal på Statens veterinärmedicinska anstalt (SVA) innan de artbestämdes molekylärt. Det här arbetet belyser även vikten av att bygga upp ett referensbibliotek av barcode sekvenser för att DNA-barcoding ska kunna bli ett effektivt diagnostiskt verktyg vid studier av vektorburna zoonoser. Nationella projekt som Myggjakten kan vara mycket användbara för insamling av sådana data.