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The objective of my diploma thesis was the focus of the locations near the village Božetice. The reconnaissance, adding PPBP, make out and surveying work run throught out around the watercourse Mlýnská stoka. Before focusing the area and the subsequent set up assistant points was conducted reconnaissance of the current point field, a stabilization of new assistant points for surveying mark out. For measuring and surveying method was used rayon, polygonal traverse and the method of GNSS. Elevation of points were determined tachymetry or GNSS. The mark out was used Topcon total station R 340 5616 and South GPS S-82 receiver. Location was focused in the coordinate system S-JTSK and vertical system Bpv.

MESQUITA, Diego Parente Paiva. Machine Learning for incomplete data. 2017. 55 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência da Computação)-Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2017. / Submitted by Jonatas Martins (jonatasmartins@lia.ufc.br) on 2017-08-29T14:42:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_dppmesquita.pdf: 673221 bytes, checksum: eec550f75e2965d1120185327465a595 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rocilda Sales (rocilda@ufc.br) on 2017-08-29T16:04:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_dppmesquita.pdf: 673221 bytes, checksum: eec550f75e2965d1120185327465a595 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-29T16:04:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017_dis_dppmesquita.pdf: 673221 bytes, checksum: eec550f75e2965d1120185327465a595 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Methods based on basis functions (such as the sigmoid and q-Gaussian functions) and similarity measures (such as distances or kernel functions) are widely used in machine learning and related fields. These methods often take for granted that data is fully observed and are not equipped to handle incomplete data in an organic manner. This assumption is often flawed, as incomplete data is a fact in various domains such as medical diagnosis and sensor analytics. Therefore, one might find it useful to be able to estimate the value of these functions in the presence of partially observed data. We propose methodologies to estimate the Gaussian Kernel, the Euclidean Distance, the Epanechnikov kernel and arbitrary basis functions in the presence of possibly incomplete feature vectors. To obtain such estimates, the incomplete feature vectors are treated as continuous random variables and, based on that, we take the expected value of the transforms of interest. / Métodos baseados em funções de base (como as funções sigmoid e a q-Gaussian) e medidas de similaridade (como distâncias ou funções de kernel) são comuns em Aprendizado de Máquina e áreas correlatas. Comumente, no entanto, esses métodos não são equipados para utilizar dados incompletos de maneira orgânica. Isso pode ser visto como um impedimento, uma vez que dados parcialmente observados são comuns em vários domínios, como aplicações médicas e dados provenientes de sensores. Nesta dissertação, propomos metodologias para estimar o valor do kernel Gaussiano, da distância Euclidiana, do kernel Epanechnikov e de funções de base arbitrárias na presença de vetores possivelmente parcialmente observados. Para obter tais estimativas, os vetores incompletos são tratados como variáveis aleatórias contínuas e, baseado nisso, tomamos o valor esperado da transformada de interesse.

Master of Science / Department of Agricultural Economics / Ted C. Schroeder / With volatile cattle markets, comes substantial amounts of price risk for all parties involved in the industry. Hedging with futures markets to mitigate risk is a common practice performed by commercial producers. For this to be an effective risk management tool, the futures contract must function correctly by accurately representing the price and quality of the underlying product. Often times, commodity futures contracts are settled by physical delivery. However, two livestock contracts transitioned to a cash settled index, feeder cattle in 1986 and lean hogs in 1997, to enhance the performance of the contract and promote participation by commercial users. Eliminating high delivery costs, reducing any issues with the grading process when the product is delivered, and portraying a truer commercial value, are some of the benefits of a cash settlement index. There has been some speculation that dates back to the 1980’s regarding whether the live cattle futures contract should switch to cash settlement rather than physical delivery. This study was done to measure the impact the change to cash settlement had on the hedging ability of the feeder cattle futures contract. Even though the feeder cattle contract represents a different sector of the industry, the results still provide some insight as to whether cash settlement can be advantageous for a futures contract. The ability to forecast basis is critical when hedging with futures to manage risk. The magnitude of basis prediction error (BPE), or the difference between expected basis and actual basis, is a common method used to measure the hedging ability of a futures contract. This procedure was utilized to analyze the effects the change to cash settlement had on BPE in six different regions: Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, North/South Dakota, Oklahoma, and Texas. Expected basis was calculated using a two, three, and four year historical average technique for each respective week to contract expiration. Other market factors were also included in the models to ensure the cash settlement adjustment was not the sole reason for BPE variations over time. To estimate the impact the different elements have on basis predictability, Ordinary Least Squares regression was used for each of the three stacked models. For the two-year historical basis prediction error model, Kansas was the only area with a statistically significant value indicating cash settlement reduced BPE by $0.18. Three states, Kansas (-$0.24/cwt.), Missouri (-$0.17/cwt.), and Texas (-$0.16/cwt.), showed a statistically significant decrease in BPE due to cash settlement for the three-year historical basis prediction error model. Also, the coefficient for Oklahoma was just slightly above the statistically significant level. However, the four-year model had moderately different results. The estimate for Kansas was statistically significant at -$0.18/cwt. meaning cash settlement reduced BPE, while the Dakotas region actually showed a statistically significant increase in BPE by $0.18/cwt. This research provides evidence that cash settlement can improve the basis predictability of a futures contract depending on the region and technique used to calculate expected basis.

Perceptual bi/multi-stability—the phenomenon in which perceptual awareness switches between alternative interpretations of a stimulus—can be elicited by a large range of stimuli. The phenomenon is explored in vision, audition, touch, and even olfaction. The degree to which perceptual switching across visual and auditory bi/multi-stable paradigms depends on common or separate mechanisms remains unanswered. This main question was addressed in the current work by using four ambiguous tasks that give rise to bi/multi-stability and which are thought to involve rivalry at different levels of cognitive processing: auditory streaming and ambiguous-structure-from-motion (low- level tasks), and verbal transformations and ambiguous figures (high-level tasks). It was also investigated if individual differences in executive function (inhibitory control and set-shifting), creativity and personality traits have common relationships with perceptual switching in adults and children. A series of five experiments (four studies) were conducted. In Study 1 (two experiments), perceptual switching behaviour of adult participants was examined in the four perceptual tasks mentioned above. In Experiment 1, participants reported higher switching rates for the ambiguous figure and verbal transformations than for ambiguous motion and auditory streaming. However, in Experiment 2 participants had a higher switching rate in verbal transformations than in auditory streaming, while the switching rates in the two visual tasks did not differ significantly. The correlations between visual and auditory switching rates were similarly inconclusive: in Experiment 1, no cross-modal correlations emerged, while in Experiment 2 there were correlations between ambiguous figure and verbal transformations and between ambiguous motion and verbal transformation. Furthermore, inhibitory control, set-shifting, and creativity correlated with perceptual ii switching rates in some of the perceptual tasks, although not in a consistent manner. In Study 2, the development of perceptual switching was investigated in children in the same four tasks used in Study 1. Findings showed that the number of switches increased with age in all four perceptual tasks, indicating general maturational developments. Executive functions and creativity were not associated with the ongoing perceptual switching, which was similar to what was found in adults. In Study 3, a neuroscientific perturbation approach was used to investigate whether the superior parietal cortex is causally involved in both visual and auditory multistability as a top-down mechanism. Transcranial magnetic stimulation on the anterior and posterior superior parietal cortex did not increase or decrease the median phase durations in response to the ambiguous motion and auditory streaming. These regions were not causally involved in either visual or auditory multistability. Perceptual switching across modalities correlated nevertheless, indicating common perceptual mechanisms. In Study 4, the effects of attentional control and instructions were further investigated in ambiguous motion and auditory streaming. There were strong correlations between perceptual switching in the two tasks, confirming that there are common mechanisms. However, the effects of voluntary attention did not explain the commonalities found. Possibly the commonalities found reflect similar functionalities at more low-level sensorial mechanisms. In conclusion, perceptual switching in vision and audition share common mechanisms. These commonalities do not seem to be due to the same neural underpinning in parietal cortex. Moreover, attentional control does not explain the commonalities found, indicating a more low-level common mechanism or functionality. Perceptual switching across all ages is task-specific, more than modality specific. No central influence of inhibitory control and creativity was constantly associated with perceptual switching regardless of task/modality, supporting the distributed mechanisms hypothesis.

abstract: Divergence-free vector field interpolants properties are explored on uniform and scattered nodes, and also their application to fluid flow problems. These interpolants may be applied to physical problems that require the approximant to have zero divergence, such as the velocity field in the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations and the magnetic and electric fields in the Maxwell's equations. In addition, the methods studied here are meshfree, and are suitable for problems defined on complex domains, where mesh generation is computationally expensive or inaccurate, or for problems where the data is only available at scattered locations. The contributions of this work include a detailed comparison between standard and divergence-free radial basis approximations, a study of the Lebesgue constants for divergence-free approximations and their dependence on node placement, and an investigation of the flat limit of divergence-free interpolants. Finally, numerical solvers for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in primitive variables are implemented using discretizations based on traditional and divergence-free kernels. The numerical results are compared to reference solutions obtained with a spectral method. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Applied Mathematics 2016

Orientador: Nobuo Oki / Banca: Carlos Roberto Minussi / Banca: Suely Cunha Amaro Mantovani / Banca: Alberto Martins Jorge / Banca: Marcelo Arturo Jara Perez / Resumo: Neste trabalho, apresenta-se o desenvolvimento de redes de base radial em tecnologia CMOS. Para tanto, dois circuitos unidimensionais, denominados RBF1 e RBF2, são propostos. Sua funcionalidade é demonstrada por meio de simulações SPICE e também pela sua implementação prática com a utilização de conjuntos de MOSFETs presentes em circuitos integrados comerciais. Demonstra-se também o desenvolvimento dos circuitos para o caso multidimensional, com o uso de simulações SPICE e a implementação de um circuito RBF1 bidimensional. Além disso, são apresentadas versões dos circuitos RBF1 e RBF2 para tecnologia BiCMOS. Os circuitos propostos são utilizados no projeto de redes de base radial bidimensionais em processo CMOS AMS 0.35 μm. No intuito de testar sua funcionalidade, as redes foram simuladas para algumas aplicações, apresentando bons resultados. A questão da quantização no armazenamento dos parâmetros das redes de base radial e da sua influência na aproximação de funções também é tratada na tese. Foram realizadas várias simulações com diferentes níveis de quantização para algumas tarefas de aproximação de funções. Os resultados obtidos mostram que, mesmo com uma quantização severa, as redes apresentam a capacidade de aproximação de funções, porém de maneira limitada, ou seja, o erro obtido aumenta para um número menor de níveis de quantização. A quantização dos parâmetros diminui o tamanho da memória e a complexidade necessária para armazenar os parâmetros das redes, permitindo a implementação de circuitos compactos e adequados para aplicações de baixo consumo de potência. / Abstract: In this work, we present the development of radial basis function circuits in CMOS technology. Two one-dimensional circuits, namely RBF1 and RBF2, are proposed for radial basis function realization, and their functionality is demonstrated by SPICE simulations and by their implementation with commercial MOSFET array integrated circuits. Multidimensional capability is demonstrated by the implementation of a bidimensional RBF1 circuit and by SPICE simulation results. In addition, BiCMOS versions are also presented for RBF1 and RBF2. The proposed cells are used in the design of bidimensional radial basis function neural networks in AMS 0.35μm CMOS process. In order to test their functionality, the networks were simulated for some applications with good results achieved. The issue of parameter quantization and its influence on the network function approximation capability is also dealt with in this dissertation. We carried out several simulations with different levels of quantization. The results obtained show that the network presents a capability of learning functions, even with a severe parameter quantization. As expected, the error increases for less bits of quantization. Nevertheless, the parameter quantization decreases the memory size and complexity necessary for network parameter storage, allowing the implementation of compact circuits and being adequate for low power applications. / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1686552 bytes, checksum: f40328960349e1ad122981dffddc13a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / When we estimate the influence effects of genetic and environmental factors on human beings, we aim to comprehend the extent to which the difference of each person, regarding their behaviors, may be assigned to each one of these factors, isolated and combined. Scholars not only of social psychology are already aware of how genetics might influence human behavior, which can be verified through literature, where it is already attributed to the biological bases a significant percentage of the causes and behavioral predispositions. Thus, from an ex post facto research, this paper has the main objective of verify the genetic basis of honor concern, human values and personality, and the influence of genetic inheritance on each of these constructs. It is believed that honor, for having stronger cultural aspects, will receive less influence from genetics, and personality, that presents the greatest influence from genetics, as it is inherently more constituted by biological factors than the social ones. Human values, then, would be located at an intermediate. Thus, this dissertation is based on the Functionalist Theory of Human Values, through the Basic Value Survey, as well as the Culture of Honour Scale and the Big Five Inventory to measure honor and personality, respectively, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. For this study, the sample consisted in 115 pairs of twins, 77 monozygotic (67%) and 38 dizygotic (33%), a total sample of 230 people. Among monozygotic, most were female (78%) with a mean age of 24.4 (SD = 6.85). In dizygotic, most also said to be female (71.1%) with a mean age of 21.9 (SD = 4.31). The results were divided into three sections. In the first one, means and correlations between pairs of twins were tested, in what concerns to each one of the factors of the three scales. It was observed that except for the correlations of social honor (r = .26, p < .05), female honor (r = .51, p < .001) and the normative subfunction (r = .52, p < .001), in both means and correlations between type of twin and construct, the monozygotic presented behaviors more similar than dizygotic twins. Then, estimates of heritability of behavior were calculated, noting that honor (M = .24, SD = .44) presented the lowest average, being followed by human values (M = .56, SD = .23) and personality (M = .63, SD = .19). Finally, using structural equation modeling, the fit indices (chi-square, AIC and RMSEA) for the models of genetic inheritance were tested. The results confirmed the model for all types of honor, for the subfunctions of excitement, existence and interactive and personality traits of neuroticism, openness to change and agreeableness. Furthermore, the hierarchy of importance of genetic inheritance among the three studied constructs was partially confirmed [honor (M = .18, SD = .19), values (M = .39, SD = .08) and personality (M = .39, SD = .62)]. Thus, it could be verified that all constructs have some genetic influence. Finally, as expected, the hierarchy of biological bases between them was confirmed, besides being evidenced the greatest similarity among monozygotic twins, as the results for this group were significantly higher than those presented by dizygotic twins, pointing to an effective genetic basis of human behavior. / Quando são estimados os efeitos da influência dos fatores ambientais e genéticos nos seres humanos, busca-se compreender até que ponto a diferença de cada pessoa, em relação a seus comportamentos, pode ser atribuída a cada um destes fatores, isolada e conjuntamente. Os estudiosos não só da psicologia social já estão atentos a como a genética pode vir a influenciar o comportamento humano, o que pode ser verificado por meio da literatura, onde já se atribui às bases biológicas uma porcentagem significativa das causas e predisposições do comportamento. Deste modo, partindo de uma pesquisa ex post facto, a presente dissertação tem como principal objetivo verificar as bases genéticas da preocupação com a honra, dos valores humanos e da personalidade, avaliando a influência da hereditariedade genética sobre cada um destes construtos. Pensa-se que a honra, por ter aspectos culturais mais enraizados, apresente menor influência advinda da genética, sendo a personalidade o construto que apresentará maior influência da mesma, por esta ser constituída inerentemente por fatores mais biológicos do que sociais. Os valores humanos, por sua vez, se situariam em um intermédio. Assim, nesta dissertação, é utilizada a Teoria Funcionalista dos Valores, por meio do Questionário de Valores Básicos, bem como a Escala de Preocupação com a Honra e o Inventário dos Cinco Grandes Fatores da Personalidade para mensurar honra e personalidade, respectivamente, além de um questionário sociodemográfico. Contou-se com a participação de 115 pares de gêmeos, sendo 77 monozigóticos (67%) e 38 dizigóticos (33%), totalizando uma amostra de 230 pessoas. Dentre os monozigóticos, a maioria foi do sexo feminino (78%), com idade média de 24,4 (DP = 6,85). Nos dizigóticos, a maioria também declarou ser do sexo feminino (71,1%), com idade média de 21,9 (DP = 4,31). Os resultados foram divididos em três seções. Na primeira, foram examinadas médias e correlações entre os pares de gêmeos, acerca de cada um dos fatores das escalas utilizadas. Foi observado que, salvo as correlações de honra social (r = 0,26; p < 0,05), honra feminina (r = 0,51; p < 0,001) e da subfunção normativa (r = 0,52; p < 0,001), tanto nas médias como correlações entre zigoticidade e construto, os monozigóticos apresentaram-se com comportamentos mais similares do que os dizigóticos. Em seguida, foram calculadas estimativas de hereditariedade do comportamento, observando-se que a menor média foi de honra (M = 0,24; DP = 0,44), seguida dos valores humanos (M = 0,56; DP = 0,23) e personalidade (M = 0,63; DP = 0,19). Por fim, por meio de modelagens por equações estruturais, foram avaliados os índices de ajuste (qui-quadrado, AIC e RMSEA) dos modelos de hereditariedade. Os resultados demonstraram confirmação do modelo para todos os tipos da honra, para as subfunções valorativas de experimentação, existência e interativa e para os traços de personalidade de neuroticismo, abertura à mudança e amabilidade. Além disso, confirmou-se parcialmente a hierarquia de importância da hereditariedade dos genes entre os três construtos estudados [honra (M = 0,18; DP = 0,19), valores (M = 0,39; DP = 0,08) e personalidade (M = 0,39; DP = 0,62)]. Deste modo, pode-se verificar que todos os construtos apresentam alguma influência genética. Ademais, como era esperado, comprovou-se a hierarquia das bases biológicas entre eles, além de ficar evidenciada a maior semelhança entre os gêmeos monozigóticos, já que os resultados em relação a estes foram significativamente superiores àqueles apresentados pelos dizigóticos, apontando para uma efetiva base genética do comportamento humano.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-15T11:46:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 489943 bytes, checksum: 8456425550cf8ae40851ce99110c0cb5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this work we present some results involving lineability and the linear theory of absolutely summing operators. We note that the technique presented is closely related to the theory of hereditarily indecomposable Banach spaces and that the presence of an unconditional basis in one of the spaces involved is crucial to guarantee some results. / Neste trabalho apresentamos alguns resultados envolvendo lineabilidade e a teoria linear dos operadores absolutamente somantes. Observamos que a técnica utilizada está intimamente relacionada com a teoria dos espaços de Banach hereditariamente indecomponíveis e que a presença de uma base incondicional em um dos espaços envolvidos é crucial para garantirmos alguns resultados.

Up to date anatomical and biochemistry studies related to Brain mechanisms of behavior are reviewed. This type of research shold be work up in clinical psychology related to prevention, diagnostic and therapy of behavior disorders. In this way, the clinical psychology should make clinical research at differents age groups of the population. He will be able to study epidemiological risk factors together with neuropsychologycal tests and Brain imagind studies. / Se presentan los avances en Psicofisiología, destacando los estudios anatómicos y bioquímicos de los mecanismos cerebrales que intervienen en la conducta. Estas investigaciones permiten ampliar el campo de la Psicología Clínica, tanto en la prevención como en el diagnóstico y terapéutica de los desórdenes de la conducta. En este objetivo, el psicólogo clínico podrá realizar estudios de investigación en la comunidad con la metodología de correlacionar factores de riesgo epidemiológicos, tests neuropsicológicos y estudios por imágenes.