Der Bericht fasst die Ergebnisse der Beet- und Balkonpflanzensichtungen des LfULG im Zeitraum 2010 bis 2012 zusammen. Für ausgewählte Sorten von Pelargonien, Argyranthemum, Scaevola, Calibrachoa, Verbena und Begonia liegen nun Daten zur Anzucht sowie zu Blühstärke und Wuchsverhalten über die Sommermonate unter sächsischen Bedingungen vor. Weiterhin wurden umfangreiche neue Sortimente von Ipomoea batatas, Portulaca grandiflora und Nemesia Cultivars im Freiland gesichtet. Sortimentszusammenstellungen gelb blühender Bodendecker, kompakt wachsender Mandevilla-Sorten sowie »Kombi-Jungpflanzen« und Mischbepflanzungen wurden im Beet bzw. im Kasten bewertet.

This thesis has experimentally studied the strength and stiffness properties of bedding planes and discontinuities in the immediate roof layers overlying Herrin No. 6 coal seam in Illinois. Rock joints and bedding planes are typical discontinuities in bedded rock mass and they control failure initiation and propagation of failure through the rock mass. Strength as well as deformation properties of bedding planes, joints and discontinuities are influenced by their surface roughness, inclination, intact rock properties, and pre-mining stress values and their orientation. The strength and deformation properties (stiffness values) are characterized by peak and residual strength values. Since support loads in excavations are due to deformations of the rock mass, their analysis should consider their strength and stiffness values. The overall goal of this research is to determine the shear strength and associated stiffness properties of bedding planes and joints of the immediate roof strata rocks within 25-30 ft. (7.5-9 m) overlying Herrin no. 6 coal seam (within the pressure arch zone) using direct shear tests. A shear test loading device was designed and integrated into the 150 t (1,334 kN) [*]Forney compression loading machine in the department. It was used to perform direct shear tests in accordance with ASTM D5607-08 " Standard test method for performing laboratory direct shear strength tests of rock specimens under constant normal force". The equipment also allows for determination of peak and residual friction angles along with the dilation angle. A total of 49 bedding plane samples were tested, out of which 46 (36 intact and 10 relatively weak and loose) samples passed QA/QC procedures in accordance to ASTM D5607. Samples from eight (8) different bedding planes- shale/limestone (SL), shale/sandstone (SSs), shale/bone (SB), laminated sandstone (LS), shale/shale (SS), bone/bone (BB), bone/limestone (BL), and limestone/limestone (LL) were tested. The number of samples tested for each bedding plane were: SL- 11, SSs- 8, SB- 5, BB- 4, LS- 6, SS- 9, BL- 1, and LL- 2. Moisture content and as-received unit weight values of samples range 0.9% to 5% and 111 pcf (17.5 kN/m3) to 165 pcf (25 kN/m3), respectively. Shear strength values were developed at 400 psi (2.75 MPa) normal stress. Upon failure, residual shear strengths were determined at 600 psi (4.13 MPa) and 800 psi (5.5 MPa) normal stresses to calculate the angle of sliding friction and to develop the failure criterion for each rock type. Peak and residual shear strength values at 400 psi (2.75 MPa) normal stress range 153 - 907 psi (1.06 - 6.26 MPa) and 119 - 600 psi (0.82 -4.14 MPa), respectively. The average normal and shear stiffness values are 44,000 psi/in (11.98 GPa/m) and 11450 psi/in (3.11 GPa/m). Dilation angles are typically very low (<10◦) and negative in some cases. Joint roughness values with JRC index were typically below 10. Angle of sliding friction values range from 9◦ to 42◦. Failure criterion for different bedding planes and a composite failure criterion representing the behavior of all bedding planes were developed using linear regression. A numerical modeling case study of remnant pillar stability in a southern Illinois mine was performed that used the shear strength and stiffness parameters developed above. FLAC3D, Phase2D, and LaModel were also used to assess the stability of remnant pillars. This study would significantly aid in the design and stability analysis of both surface and underground mines. Data developed can be successfully implemented in safe geotechnical design of any surface and underground structure (both civil and mining) viz. slope stability of open pit mining, subsidence prediction during longwall and room and pillar mining. Results from this thesis would significantly improve in the safe and accurate design of mine excavations. * Equipment mentioned is not for endorsement

Der Bericht fasst die Ergebnisse der Beet- und Balkonpflanzensichtungen des LfULG im Zeitraum 2010 bis 2012 zusammen. Für ausgewählte Sorten von Pelargonien, Argyranthemum, Scaevola, Calibrachoa, Verbena und Begonia liegen nun Daten zur Anzucht sowie zu Blühstärke und Wuchsverhalten über die Sommermonate unter sächsischen Bedingungen vor. Weiterhin wurden umfangreiche neue Sortimente von Ipomoea batatas, Portulaca grandiflora und Nemesia Cultivars im Freiland gesichtet. Sortimentszusammenstellungen gelb blühender Bodendecker, kompakt wachsender Mandevilla-Sorten sowie »Kombi-Jungpflanzen« und Mischbepflanzungen wurden im Beet bzw. im Kasten bewertet.

Mycoplasmas are a group of bacteria which are small in size, lack a cell wall, and have small genomes in comparison to other bacteria. The members of the group that are pathogenic utilize several mechanisms to evade the host's immune system. These processes affect surveillance and control mechanisms such as serologic testing and vaccination. Many of these organisms cause diseases of livestock, which heavily impact production parameters such as weight gain, milk yield, and egg production. Mycoplasmas also cause disease in people. Mycoplasma spp. can cause mastitis, metritis, pneumonia, and arthritis. The currently documented routes of transmission of Mycoplasma spp. are through fomites and by direct animal contact. The existence of environmental sources for Mycoplasma spp. and their role in transmission are poorly characterized. Mycoplasma spp. (confirmed as M. bovis using PCR) was found in recycled bedding sand from a dairy experiencing an outbreak of mycoplasma mastitis. The possibility of a persistent environmental source of Mycoplasma spp. in recycled bedding sand was further investigated using recycled sand from the dairy. Study objectives included determining factors associated with the persistence of Mycoplasma spp. in recycled bedding sand and the duration of survival of mycoplasmas in the sand. We also evaluated 2 disinfectants at 2 different concentrations each for the elimination of Mycoplasma spp. from contaminated sand. Mycoplasma spp. survived in the sand pile intermittently over a period of 8 months. The concentration of Mycoplasma spp. within the sand pile was directly related to temperature and precipitation. The survival of Mycoplasma spp. at a greater than expected range of temperatures suggests the formation of a biofilm. Ideal temperatures for replication of Mycoplasma spp. occurred between 15 °C and 20 °C. Moisture in the sand and movement of the sand pile also appeared to play a role in replication of mycoplasmas. Sodium hypochlorite (0.5%) and chlorhexidine (2%) were efficacious in eliminating Mycoplasma spp. from contaminated bedding sand. Recycled bedding sand could be an environmental source of Mycoplasma spp. infections, including M. bovis, in dairy cows. Future studies should investigate the contribution of this environmental source to the epidemiology of mycoplasma infections in dairy cattle and other ruminants.

The objective of this study was to determine the leaf water relations, gas exchange, and growth of the bedding plant salvia Salvia splendens 'Bonfire‘ as influenced by moisture stress conditioning (MSC - exposing plants to 4 sublethal dry-down cycles) and potassium (K) nutrition. Plants were fertilized with one of six K rates: 25, 75, 150, 300, 450, and 600 ppm as KCl in experiment one. Seven weeks after seeding plants were subjected to MSC. MSC and increasing K rate resulted in osmotic adjustment and increased cellular turgor potentials. Foliar K content increased as osmotic potentials decreased due to treatment. Although there was no interaction, MSC and high K rates both reduced transpiration (E), leaf conductance (g₁), and daily gravimetric water loss during well watered conditions. Greatest shoot dry weight occurred for plants grown with 300 ppm K and no-MSC. Gas exchange of salvia as influenced by MSC during the onset of moisture stress was determined in experiment two. On day one following final irrigation, MSC plants had lower mid-day E, g₁, hourly gravimetric water loss per unit leaf area, and net photosynthesis (Pn) compared to controls, despite no differences in leaf water potential (ψ₁). Percentage of stomatal inhibition of Pn (SI) was greater for MSC plants than controls with no differences in mesophyllic resistance to CO₂ (r_m). On day two, MSC plants had greater Pn, E, g₁, and hourly gravimetric water loss per unit leaf area, while SI and r_m were lower than controls. MSC plants maintained positive Pn rates and turgor to lower ψ₁ than control plants. Water use efficiency (WUE) estimates for MSC plants were greater than for controls. Salvia plants were fertilized with 75, 300, or 600 ppm K to determine the influence of K rate on gas exchange during the onset of moisture stress in a third experiment. On day one following final irrigation, plants grown with K rates of 300 and 600 ppm had lower E, g₁, hourly gravimetric water loss per unit leaf area, and Pn compared to 75 ppm K plants. On day two, 600 ppm K plants had greater Pn, E, and g₁ as the experiment was terminated compared to plants grown with 75 ppm K, although ψ₁ was similar. Potassium rate had little affect on WUE. / Ph. D.

Wu, Kin Fai. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-91). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / 槪要 --- p.ii / Acknowledgements --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.iv / List of Figures --- p.vi / List of Tables --- p.x / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Motivation --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Outline of the Proposed Design --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Purposes of the Present Study --- p.2 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Background and Literature Review --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Electrocardiogram --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2 --- Conventional ECG Measurement --- p.7 / Chapter 2.3 --- Heart Rate --- p.8 / Chapter 2.4 --- Heart Rate Variability --- p.9 / Chapter 2.5 --- Capacitive Sensing --- p.11 / Chapter 2.6 --- Review of ECG Monitoring System by Capacitive Sensing On a Sleeping Bed --- p.14 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- System Design and Implementation --- p.17 / Chapter 3.1 --- Hardware --- p.17 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Bedsheet Sensor --- p.17 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Pre-amplifier --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Measuring Device --- p.30 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Power Supply & PCB Layout --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2 --- Software --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Detection of R Waves --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Tracking of HR & Mean RR Intervals --- p.55 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Estimation of Signal-to-Noise Ratios --- p.56 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Preliminary Tests on the Functionality of the Proposed System --- p.57 / Chapter 4.1 --- Test I - Test on the Arrangement of Electrodes --- p.57 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Methods --- p.57 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Results --- p.60 / Chapter 4.2 --- Test II - Test on the ECG Measurement of Subjects in Different Sleeping Postures --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Methods --- p.64 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Results --- p.65 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Experiments on the Performance of Continuous Monitoring of ECG and HR --- p.69 / Chapter 5.1 --- Experiment I - Experiment on the Reliability of the Proposed System for Continuous Monitoring of ECG and HR on Thirty Subjects --- p.69 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Methods --- p.70 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Results --- p.70 / Chapter 5.2 --- Experiment II - Experiment on the Feasibility of the Proposed System for Continuous Monitoring of ECG and HR on a Subject During an Eight-hour Sleep --- p.75 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Materials --- p.76 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Methods --- p.76 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Results --- p.77 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Discussions --- p.81 / Chapter 6.1 --- Selection of the Passband of the Proposed Circuit --- p.81 / Chapter 6.2 --- Arrangement of Electrodes on the Bedsheet --- p.82 / Chapter 6.3 --- Practical Design of Electrodes --- p.83 / Chapter 6.4 --- Performance of Continuous Monitoring of HR by Using the Proposed System --- p.84 / Chapter Chapter 7 --- Conclusion --- p.86 / References --- p.88

Polarized deep inelastic scattering experiments play a vital role in the exploration of the spin structure of the proton. The polarized proton-proton collider at RHIC provides direct access to the gluon spin distribution through longitudinal double spin asymmetry measurements of inclusive jets, pions, and dijets. This thesis presents the measurement of the dijet double differential cross-section in proton-proton collisions at center of mass energies of √s = 500 GeV. The data represent an integrated luminosity of 8.7 pb-1 recorded by the STAR detector during the 2009 RHIC run. A comprehensive jet analysis was performed to determine the ideal jet algorithm and jet parameters used in √s = 500 GeV collisions at the STAR detector. The cross-section is measured as a function of the dijet invariant mass (30 ≤ Mij ≤ 152 GeV) in the mid rapidity region with a maximum rapidity range of |ymax| ≤ 0.8. This result shows agreement with theoretical next-to-leading order pQCD calculations, motivating the use of dijet asymmetries at STAR to further constrain the shape of Δg(x).

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o microclima interno de escamoteadores com diferentes formulações de placas cimentícias para o piso, aquecido com resistência elétrica. As placas de argamassa de cimento Portland tiveram por base o aproveitamento de resíduos agropecuários (cama sobreposta de suíno, fibra curta de sisal e casca de arroz) na sua confecção, em busca da melhoria nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas das placas. Essas matérias-primas serão utilizadas como material alternativo, na busca do reaproveitamento destes resíduos, que, na maioria das vezes, são descartados de forma errônea, prejudicando o meio ambiente. Esses resíduos foram caracterizados de forma a analisar sua potencialidade para a confecção das placas para piso de abrigo escamoteador. Foram confeccionados corpos-de-prova com seis diferentes tipos de formulações: referência de cimento Portland (C1), de CCSS em substituição a 30% em massa do cimento Portland (C2); de CCSS substituindo 30% de cimento Portland e fibras curtas de sisal substituindo 1,7% da massa da areia (C3); de CCSS substituindo 30% de cimento Portland e com casca de arroz substituindo 4% em massa de areia (C4); de cimento Portland com casca de arroz substituindo 4% da areia (C5); de cimento Portland com fibras curtas de sisal substituindo 1,7% da massa da areia (C6). Com base nos resultados dos ensaios físicos e mecânicos, as melhores formulações (C2, C3 e C4) foram escolhidas para a confecção das placas para o abrigo escamoteador. Para caracterização do ambiente, foram utilizados data-loggers para coleta de variáveis para determinação dos índices de conforto térmico: índice de temperatura de globo e umidade (ITGU), carga térmica radiante (CTR), entalpia (H), além dos índices analisou-se também a temperatura ambiental (TA) e a umidade relativa (UR). Os dias com menor valor de entalpia (H) foram considerados para análise comparativa dos índices de conforto, e os abrigos escamoteadores foram submetidos a quatro diferentes temperaturas de resistência (30, 35, 45 e 55 ºC). Os valores recome ndados para ITGU, CTR, H, TA e UR foram observados nos três diferentes tratamentos com a temperatura da resistência elétrica acima de 35ºC. Os resultado s obtidos validaram o destino alternativo a CCSS, a fibra de sisal e a casca de arroz, como materiais viáveis para utilização em placas de piso para abrigos escamoteadores com aceitável desempenho térmico, físico e mecânico. / The objective of this study is to evaluate the internal microclimate of piggy\'s houses with different formulations of cementitious boards for the floor, warmed with electrical resistance. The boards of ordinary Portland cement mortar were based on the use of agricultural residues (swine deep bedding, short-fiber sisal and rice husk) in its production, in search of improvement in physical and mechanical properties of the plates. These raw materials will be used as alternative materials searching reuse of waste, which in most cases are disposed of wrongly, harming the environment. These wastes were characterized in order to assess was potential for making the plates for floor piggy\'s houses. Samples were prepared with six different types of formulations: reference ordinary Portland cement (OPC) (C1), replacement of OPC by 30% by weight of ashes swine deep bedding (ASDB) (C2); replacement of OPC by 30% of ASDB and fiber short sisal replacing 1.7% of the mass of sand (C3); replacement of OPC by 30% of ASDB and rice husk replacing 4% by mass of sand (C4); OPC with rice husk replacing 4% of the sand (C5); OPC with short sisal fibers replacing 1.7% of the sand (C6). Based on the results of the mechanical and physical tests, the best formulations (C2, C3 and C4) were chosen for the preparation of the floor plates in the piggy\'s houses. To characterize the environment, data-loggers were installed for the collection of variables to determine the thermal comfort indices: black globe temperature and humidity index (BGHI), radiant heat load (RHL), enthalpy (H), ambient temperature (AT) and relative humidity (RH). The days with lower values of enthalpy (H) were considered for comparative analyses of the comfort indices, and piggy\'s houses were subjected to four different temperatures of electric resistance (30, 35, 45 and 55ºC). The recommended v alues for BGHI, RHL, H, AT and RH were achieved in the three different treatments with temperature of electric resistance above 35ºC. The results validat ed the alternative destination to ASDB, sisal fiber and rice husks as viable material for use in floor plates piggy\'s houses with acceptable thermal, physical and mechanical performance.

O enxoval é conhecido desde a antiguidade e tem passado por uma série de modificações, refletidas no tipo de tecido, confecção, design, moda e na participação do mercado. Estas mudanças também foram influenciadas pela mudança da posição da mulher na sociedade. A presente pesquisa objetivou em estudar o desenvolvimento do setor de cama, mesa e banho no Brasil, ocorrido de 1976 a 2017, em termos de aspectos de mercado, materiais e processos têxteis, design e moda. A metodologia consistiu em pesquisa das revistas Casa Vogue Brasil e Casa Cláudia de 1977 a 2017 para estudo e análise de materiais têxteis, designs e marcas do setor de cama, mesa e banho a partir das imagens e textos. Em adição, foi efetuada, em base dos principais relatórios relacionados à indústria têxtil e de confecção e demais literatura, pesquisa dos processos e maquinários para a produção de cama, mesa e banho e aspectos de mercado desse setor. Por fim, foram realizadas entrevistas com empresas do setor de cama, mesa e banho. Os materiais e designs têxteis clássicos são nítidos na preferência da apresentação de estilo. Em relação ao comércio, ocorreram grandes mudanças no mercado brasileiro dos anos 1976 aos 2017. No início desse período o destaque eram lojas de departamento e, com o passar dos anos, as empresas foram criando seu espaço com destaques nas marcas. As marcas com maior apresentação nas últimas duas décadas (anos 2000 e 2010) da revista Casa Vogue Brasil foram Trousseau, Trussardi e a loja de departamento de multimarcas Mundo do Enxoval (essas marcas tem o destaque para o público de maior poder aquisitivo no Brasil). Na revista Casa Cláudia, foram Buddemeyer, Trousseau e MMartan. Com o avanço tecnológico, tornou-se mais acessível a compra dos produtos de cama, mesa e banho industrializados e aumentou assim a exportação brasileira. As evoluções dos maquinários e todo o processo envolvido, auxiliaram à obtenção de produtos com valores mais acessíveis, melhor qualidade e padronagem dos produtos acabados. Constata-se que, o setor avança e se desenvolve constituindo um importante papel na produção têxtil. No entanto, os padrões clássicos predominam com destaque para a cor branca e o tecido de algodão nos produtos de cama, mesa e banho, sendo o bordado o ornamento de destaque do estilo desses produtos. A manutenção desses padrões por parte dos fabricantes brasileiros é interessante para manter vendas no mercado interno, mas um limitante para produtos de exportação destinados a públicos com valores e gostos estéticos distintos e com maior oferta de itens com variedade de designs de superfície / The trousseau has been known since antiquity and has undergone a series of modifications, reflected in the type of fabric, confection, design, fashion and market share. These changes were also influenced by the changing position of women in society. The present study aimed to study the development of the bed, table and bathroom sector in Brazil, from 1976 to 2017, in terms of market, materials and textile processes, design and fashion. The methodology consisted of a survey of Casa Vogue Brasil and Casa Claudia magazines from 1977 to 2017 for the study and analysis of textile materials, designs and brands in the bed, table and bathroom sector based on images and texts. In addition, on the basis of the main reports related to the textile and clothing industry and other literature, research was carried out on the processes and machinery for the production of bed, table and bath and market aspects of this sector. Finally, interviews were conducted with companies in the bed, table and bathroom sector. The classic textile materials and designs are crisp in style presentation preference. In terms of trade, there were major changes in the Brazilian market from 1976 to 2017. At the beginning of this period the highlights were department stores and, over the years, companies were creating their space with highlights in the brands. The most prominent brands in the last two decades (2000 and 2010) of Casa Vogue Brasil magazine were Trousseau, Trussardi and the multi-brand department store Mundo do Enxoval (these brands have the highlight for the most affluent public in Brazil). In the magazine House Claudia, were Buddemeyer, Trousseau and MMartan. With the technological advance, it became more accessible the purchase of products of bed, table and bath industrialized and thus increased the Brazilian export. The evolutions of the machinery and the whole process involved, helped to obtain products with more accessible values, better quality and standardization of the finished products. It is observed that, the sector advances and develops playing an important role in the textile production. However, classic patterns predominate with white and cotton in bed, table and bath products, with embroidery being the most outstanding ornament of the style of these products. The maintenance of these standards by the Brazilian manufacturers is interesting to maintain sales in the domestic market, but a limitation for export products destined to audiences with different values and aesthetic tastes and with a greater supply of items with a variety of surface designs

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