Background: Floorball is a sport where not a lot of research have been done, it is a young sport and up until now it has only been played in Europe. The sport is in present days growing rapidly in popularity and is expanding worldwide. Because of the lack of research coaches have little knowledge regarding VO2max testing within the sport. Aim: The aim of the study was to compare results of both a 30-15 intermittent fitness test (IFT) and a 20-meter shuttle test (beep test) and see if there is a difference between estimated VO2max for athletes playing floorball. The hypothesis was that because the 30-15IFT mimics the movement pattern of floorball more than the beep test does, athletes playing this sports should score a higher result in the 30-15IFT. Methods: The study was done on fifteen sub-elite floorball players (8 male and 7 female) aged 20.6 years ± SD 3.5. The test persons performed two aerobic fitness tests, Beep test and 30-15IFT. The beep test consists of a number of 20 meter shuttle runs with increased speeds every minute and the 30-15IFT consists of 30 seconds of running followed by 15 seconds of rest with increased running speed every 45 seconds. A paired sample t-test was used to compare the estimated VO2max results of both tests. Results: Results show that 66% test persons scored a higher result in the 30-15IFT compared to the beep test. However, there was no statistical difference between the two tests.  The players scored a mean value of 48.3 ml/kg/min ± 3.8 during the 30-15IFT and 45.4 ml/kg/min during the beep test ± 5.9, p=0.06 Conclusion: The 30-15IFT is equally as good as the beep test at estimating VO2max in floorball players. A factor that might have affected the results was that the formula for calculating VO2max in the beep test does not take age and weight into consideration while the formula for the 30-15IFT does. In the future, work should be done at “constructing” a new formula for the beep test.

Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka om sprint- och uthållighetsförmåga vid löpning samt relativ arbetsintensitet under fotbollsmatch, enskilt eller tillsammans, har ett samband med löpdistans i olika intensitetszoner under fotbollsmatch för elitflickfotbollsspelare. Metod Studiens datainsamling delades upp i två delar, första delen syftade till att bestämma individernas sprint- och uthållighetsförmåga utifrån ett 30 m sprinttest och ett Beep-test. Under Beep-testet bestämdes individernas maximala hjärtfrekvens (HFmax) samt antal genomförda 20 m-sträckor, vilka låg till grund för beräkning av den maximala syreupptagningsförmågan (V̇O2max). Den andra delen av datainsamlingen gjordes under en fotbollsmatch, där den relativa arbetsintensiteten i form av medelhjärtfrekvensen (HFmed) registrerades. Under matchen analyserades spelarnas löpdistans i olika hastighetszoner, 0-11 kmtim-1 (LDlåg); 11-21 kmtim-1 (LDmod); > 21 kmtim-1 (LDhög), genom användning av ett videobaserat analysprogram. Resultat Det fanns ett signifikant samband mellan individernas HFmed och LDmod (r = 0,81; p = 0,049). För att öka förklaringsgraden av LDmod gjordes en multipel linjär regression där HFmed användes som utgångsvariabel och kombinerades med V̇O2max. HFmed och V̇O2max bidrog signifikant till prediktionsmodellen och modellen förklarade 93,9% av variationen i LDmod. Slutsatser Genom fastställandet av en elitflickfotbollsspelares uthållighetsförmåga samt dennes relativa arbetsintensitet under match, så kan spelarens löpdistans i hastighetsintervallet 11-21 kmtim-1 förutsägas med god precision utan att kostsam analysutrustning behöver användas.

Bakgrund. Det är sedan länge känt att naturen har en positiv inverkan på människorshälsa. Flertalet studier genom åren styrker naturens påverkan på människors psykiskahälsa i form av bland annat minskad emotionell upphetsning, medan bevisen för eneventuell förbättrad fysisk hälsa är vaga.Syfte. Undersöka huruvida miljön kan påverka de fysiologiska effekterna vid och efteravslutad fysisk aktivitet avseende sympatikusaktivitet.Metod. En så kallad cross-over studie genomfördes där puls, pH-värde- och alfaamylasaktiviteti saliv samlades in från elva testdeltagare för att mätasympatikusaktivitet. Varje testdeltagare genomförde ett beep-test ute i naturen samt ettbeep-test inomhus, där varje testtillfälle innebar fyra mätningar vid olika tidpunkt. I denstatistiska analysen tillämpades en split plot repeated meassures ANOVA för att jämförade olika testmiljöerna med hänseende till de upprepade mätningarna samtmätmetoderna.Resultat. Ingen signifikant skillnad i varken puls, pH-värde- eller alfa-amylasaktivitet isaliv noterades kopplat till de olika testmiljöerna. Däremot ökade inte alfaamylasaktiviteteni lika hög grad under beep-testet utomhus som inomhus hostestdeltagarna, vilket tyder på lägre stressnivåer. Samma mönster kunde ses under denförsta återhämtningsperioden efter att beep-testet avslutats, då alfa-amylasaktivitetensjönk kraftigare hos testdeltagarna utomhus.Slutsats. Omgivningen har ingen signifikant betydelse vad gäller stressnivåerna ikroppen vid och efter avslutad fysisk aktivitet, vilket talar för de vaga bevis som hittillskommit fram vid forskning inom området. / Background. During a long time it has been known that the nature has a positiveimpact on human health. Several studies over the years are proving nature´s positiveimpact on humans mental health, regarding for instance reduced emotional arousal,whereas the evidence for a possible improved physical health is vague.Aim. Investigate whether the environment can influence the physiological effectsduring, and after physical activity regarding sympathetic activity.Method. A cross-over study was conducted to collect heart rate, pH-value and alphaamylasein saliva from eleven test participants in order to measure sympathetic activity.Each one of the test participants performed a multi-stage fitness test both outdoors inthe nature and indoors, where each test included four measurements at different times.In the statistical analysis a split plot repeated meassures ANOVA was used to comparethe different test environments in regards to the repeated measurements and themeasurement methods.Results. No significant difference was noticed in any of the three methods used linkedto the different test environments. Contrariwise, the alpha-amylase activity during themulti-stage fitness test outdoors, did not increase as much as indoors, pointing at lowerstress levels. The same pattern was discovered during the initial recovery period whenthe multi-stage fitness test was completed, showing that the alpha-amylase activity hada larger decrease on the test participants outdoor.Conclusion. The surroundings have no significant impact in terms of stress levels in thebody during, and after physical activity, which adds proof to the vague evidence so farin the research area at this time.

Title: Assessment of selected components of game performance in soccer in the U10 category Objectives: The main objective is to determine the relationship between selected indicators of fundamental motor skills, physical skills, specific football skills and the success of game indicators in a match for 9-year-old football players. At the same time, the aim of the work is to find out the current level of fitness and their comparison with the population norm. Methods: Quantitative research with empirical elements was used for the practical part of this thesis. The method of measurement and observation was chosen as the research method. The research group consisted of U10 players from the AC Sparta Prague (n = 16). The level of fundamental motor skills was determined by using the TGMD-2 test (Test of Gross Motor Development), the level of specific football skills was determined using slalom and LSPT (Loughborough Soccer Passing Test), the level of fitness was determined using the agility test and beep test. The success of the game skills in the match (passing and 1on1) was determined from the video recordings of selected matches. Results: No relationship was found between the evaluated performance based on the analysis of the success of selected game skills and the basic motor skills evaluated by the...