Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-115).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 154-172).

The main concern of this thesis is to show Plato&rsquo / s solution of the problem of falsehood in his dialogue of the Sophist. In the Sophist, it is argued that false statements are the expressions of something which are not real by Plato. On the other hand, what is not real has been considered as what does not exist, namely, as non-being in the ontological tradition until Plato. Furthermore, non-being can neither be thought nor be stated / since thought must be thought of something which exists. Therefore, to speak of the possibility of false statements is a contradiction because it means to attempt to state nothingness. However, Plato overcomes this difficulty by asserting a different definition of non-being. Plato asserts that non-being is not necessarily opposite of being. According to this, non-being is only &lsquo / different&rsquo / from being and exists as much as being and this is possible by the combination of &lsquo / Kind of Being&rsquo / and &lsquo / Kind of &lsquo / Difference&rsquo / . In this context, this thesis purposes to show firstly how Plato renders an ontological possibility to non-being and secondly how he applies this inference to statements in order to solve the problem in the Sophist. In addition, the results of Plato&rsquo / s assumption that there is a correspondence between language and reality are discussed with respect to the problem of falsehood.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD (Education) / The World Health Organisation defines mental health as "a state of well-being in which the individual realizes her or his own abilities, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community" (WHO, 2001, p. 1). There is a paucity of academic research about the mental health status of minority groups, especially women of colour (Moultrie & Kleintjes, 2006). In South Africa too, this gap in research is evident when focussing on the mental health of women, especially Coloured women in South Africa. Women's health and their mental health in particular are often affected by the way society treats and regards them; often they suffer from emotional, mental and physical exhaustions. This study investigated the mental health status of Coloured female teachers working in historically disadvantaged Special Schools in the Cape Metropole of the Western Cape Education Department. This group designation is the designation that was formally used during South Africa's Apartheid past policies of segregation in categorising groups according to pre-determined race categories. Coloureds where then considered to be a minority grouping in South Africa. Reference is still currently made in democratic South Africa to the Apartheid race categorisations in contemporary formal policies that seek to redress the inequities of the past, both in terms of race as well as gender categories (Conway-Smith, 2011; Stromquist, 1998). Given the intimate association between race and identity, especially within a socio-historical context such as that of South Africa, it is reasonable to consider the impact of this association on an individual's mental health status.

Le « dessin » pour vivre et respirer le monde contemporain dans sa diversité au quotidien. Une exploration de la question du dessin, à travers ses trois composantes fondamentales, l’espace, le temps, le mouvement, en s’appuyant sur une expérience personnelle remontant à l’enfance. La mise en abyme de cette pratique permettra d’avoir à disposition un solide matériau de recherche et de questionnement. Une enquête approfondie relative à cet art, à ses pratiques, à ses évolutions, menée à travers l’histoire, permettra, par ailleurs, de naviguer du plan pratique au plan théorique, et de pointer certaines des problématiques du dessin rencontrées fréquemment par les artistes. Ces investigations conduiront à se placer sur des champs variés de la connaissance, à travers des disciplines telles celles, des arts, de la littérature, de la philosophie, de l’anthropologie, de la psychologie, des mathématiques, de l’histoire et la géographie, et bien d’autres encore. Les occasions seront multiples d’aller à la rencontre, des grands maîtres de la peinture et du dessin, tels, ceux de la Renaissance, et un peu plus tard, ceux qui se sont plus particulièrement distingués dans la pratique du dessin au trait, tels, Ingres, Degas, Matisse, Picasso, Klee, Kandinsky, Warhol, et des artistes contemporains qui aujourd’hui s’affichent sur la scène de l’art. Référence sera faite à d’illustres penseurs, philosophes, scientifiques, en particulier, Platon, Aristote, Descartes, Kant, Merleau-Ponty, Freud, et des écrivains, tels Paul Valéry, etc., qui viendront largement éclairer des aspects parmi les plus mystérieux du dessin. / The art of « drawing », to breath the dayly life in its full contemporaneousness. An exploration of the question of « drawing », through its three fundamental components : space, time, movement, based upon a personal experience coming from childhood. To begin, the exercice of a « mise en abyme » of our own pratical experience will provide a solid research tool, in order to be able to set up different problematics of the artists. A meticulously investigation confrontating theory and experimentation, through history and history of arts, will be carried out, introducing therefore to many specific fields of knowledge, as, littérature, philosophy, anthropology, psychology, mathematics,, history of arts, history and geography, etc. Chances to study famous artists, such as, painters of the italien Renaissance, and further on, painters who are specialists of « line drawing » like, Ingres, Degas, Matisse, Picasso, Klee, Kandisky, Warhol, and among them, also some contemporary artists. Aspects of drawing, among the most mysterious, will lightly find favour sights with many thinkers, philosophers, ideologists, theorists, writers, as Platon, Aristote, Descartes, Kant, Merleau-Ponty, Freud, etc.,

Based on the explicit Husserl-Heidegger polemic, which concerned the ''Phenomenology'' entry for Encyclopaedia Britannica, my thesis captures conflict between the two protagonists precisely when it becomes direct. Tracing the main issues of their dispute, I will firstly demonstrate that the conflict is not a consequence of mutual misunderstanding, but rather a disagreement coming from the core itself of their respective theories. It could therefore not have been avoided. Secondly, I will show that the leading intentions of both traditional versions of phenomenology are not only irreconcilable, but essentially contradictory.

The purpose of this study was to investigate breast cancer patients’ experiences of their illness and of traditional nursing care (TNC) or supportive nursing care (SNC) respectively, as well as nurses' experiences of support and of caring for cancer patients. An intervention including extended co-operation between the surgical ward and primary health care, shorter waiting times, and changed routines concerning the information about the diagnosis, as well as training and systematic clinical supervision for the nurses, was implemented. Newly diagnosed breast cancer patients (n=47) from two county councils in the south-east of Sweden were interviewed (IV, V). Thirty-four of them completed scales about well-being, burnout, hopelessness, anxiety and depression (VII). The women who had TNC reported lack of professional support during the initial phase of the disease and suggested changes in the care similar to those implemented in the SNC. In the SNC group the women expressed feelings of safety and security after the professional support and the organizational changes in the care. There were significantly more single women and women who had had breast conserving surgery in the SNC group than in the TNC (VII). The hopelessness scores in the SNC group were significantly higher than in the TNC group. Thirty-nine district nurses (DNs) were interviewed at baseline (I), and thirty-three of them completed scales about burnout, empathy, and sense of coherence (SOC) before and after systematic clinical supervision (VI). Twenty-three of the 39 DNs, as well as 9 hospital nurses (HNs) who participated in the clinical supervision, were interviewed about their experiences of this intervention (III). Twenty-nine tape-recorded supervision sessions in three groups of DNs (n=23) were analysed (II). Baseline interviews and analyses of the content of the supervisory sessions strongly emphasized that DNs experienced problems in the home care of seriously ill cancer patients. Deep human contacts were a source of both strain and enrichment. The clinical supervision was said to provide relief from undesirable thoughts and feelings, confirmation of themselves both as individuals and in their professional role, a broader and deeper knowledge and increased self-confidence. There were no significant differences in the burnout, empathy, and SOC scores between the supervisory group (n=21) and a comparison group (n=12) at the first and second measures, nor over time within the groups. There were some correlations between these phenomena and the Karolinska scales of personality, as well as cor­relations between burnout, empathy and SOC. The groups of women were not entirely similar as regards demographic and medical characteristics, and the sample size of patients and nurses was small. It is obvious that patients in the TNC missed those factors that were implemented in the SNC, at the same time the latter women expressed hopelessness more often than those who had received TNC. This result may be due to the fact that support from nurses had made the women more prepared to express their feelings, that support had not been provided to an adequate extent or in the right way, or that the applied scales were not appropriate. The finding that the nurses experienced the clinical supervision as very positive but that, despite this, there were no significant differences in attitudes measured by scales within or between the groups, can be interpreted in a similar way. Consequently, further research is needed to judge the effects of intervention. The study has, above all, produced qualitative descriptions of patients' experiences of the nursing care after discharge from hospital, and of DNs’ experiences of the care of cancer patients in their homes, and of systematic clinical supervision. / <p>Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1995, härtill 7 uppsatser.</p> / digitalisering@umu

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:01:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Texto.pdf: 590860 bytes, checksum: 7a46118467a609aace206393a276a761 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-03 / Investiga o fenômeno de crianças e adolescentes em situação de desamparo e abandono no país, desvelando-se a urgência em pesquisar essa temática. Objetiva estudar a gênese (o que é) e a interdinâmica indissociável à gênese (como é) do ser humano criança ou adolescente em situação de rua, nos modos como eles se (des)velam, se mostram, aparecem e permitem ser capturados pelo olhar sentido do cientista. Pretende responder a três interrogações: 1) O que motivou o interesse pela rua e como essa rua tornou-se espaço de trabalho, produzindo sentido aos modos de ser sendo educador(a) (social) de rua e pesquisador(a)?; 2) O que é - e como é - o existir-se nas ruas, experienciando-a?; 3) Como se pode compreender a força de um grupo na sobrevivência existencial de crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua? Recorrer-se-á ao método de pesquisa de inspiração fenomenológica-existencial, já que há interesse no vivido, no experienciado dos participantes do estudo. Os marcos teóricos escolhidos emergiram a partir das categorias de: Paulo Freire (importância fornecida ao diálogo ), Michel de Certeau (o conceito de cotidiano como espaço de táticas inventivas ), Viktor E. Frankl ( sentido da vida ) e Hiran Pinel ( modos de ser sendo si mesmo no cotidiano do mundo ). Compreendemos que as crianças e adolescentes (des)velam diversos modos de ser sendo... efêmeros, finitos, incompletos, como a própria vida vivida. Por isso, ora são ousados ora dramáticos nas suas vivências, mas sempre se mostrando com táticas inventivas de enfrenta(dores), como por exemplo, formando grupos de resistência e (sobre)vivência nas ruas e produzindo espaços dialogais, onde procuram se compreender mesmo que nem sempre se consiga. O estudo mostrou-se com implicações significativas para a construção de políticas públicas (sociais e educacionais) e de impacto no cotidiano do educador social e do professor da instituição escolar (que pode viabilizar processos inclusivos a partir da compreensão desses modos de ser sendo...). / The phenomenon of children and adolescents experiencing destitution and abandonment has become even worse in our country. This felt fact instigates us to take a position and to research this matter in hand which urgently unveils itself in our society. This study aims to answer three questions: 1) How have I, as a researcher, become interested in streets and how have streets become my place of work, evoking a feeling into my ways of being as a(n) (social) educator conducting a research in streets?; 2) What is and How is to exist in streets undergoing such a status quo?; 3) How can we understand the power of a group in the existential survival of children and adolescents living in streets? Thus, the subject or matter/phenomenon of this study/research is the genesis (what is) and the interdynamics not separate from the genesis (how is) of the human being (boy or girl and/or child or adolescent living in streets) in the ways (s)he reveals her/himself, shows her/himself, appears, and allows her/himself to be captured by the look of a scientist who also has a feeling relation to the streets. To do so, we have resorted to the the exitential-phenomenological inspiration, since we are interested in what has been lived and exprerienced by these human beings. The chosen theoretical marks have risen out of the categories of: Paulo Freire (the importance of dialogue ), Victor E. Frankl ( life sense ), and Hiran Pinel ( the ways of being as being oneself in the world s everyday life ). We understand that children and adolescents show diverse ways of being as being ... ephemeral, finite, incomplete, etc. like life itself. Therefore, sometimes they are bold , sometimes they are dramatic in their modes of lives; however, always being brave and having ingenious tactics such as forming survival and resistance groups in order to be able to live in streets or discussing their matters so as to understand themselves, even if they do not manage to meet regularly. This study has shown significant implications to the construction of public politics (social and educational) and politics of impact to the social educator s everyday live and to that of the school teacher s as well. Such inclusive processes can be made viable since these ways of being as being a(n) are understood.