This thesis enquires into the role of values in the attrition of teachers of physical science subjects in the formative years of their teaching careers. Recruitment and attrition have contributed to a shortage of these teachers in English schools (Bousted, 2016), and while recruitment has benefited from increased investment (Gov.uk, 2017), attrition has largely gone unaddressed. In belief system theory, values are considered to be intrinsically linked to the behaviours people exhibit (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980). As the behaviour of interest in this thesis is the departure of these teachers from the profession, it was decided that the values informing this behaviour should be investigated. Values are also components of an organisation's culture, which is linked to job commitment and satisfaction (Branson, 2008). It is therefore possible that when the values of these teachers and those in school culture are aligned, this will contribute to reduced attrition. Based on the works of Rokeach (1973) and Schwartz (2012), an adapted value scale using Q-method was developed to measure the value systems of student teachers and those contributing to school culture as determined by secondary school department leaders. The measurement and comparison of these value systems showed: values held by these teachers in the formative years of their careers evolve, and ITT guides this; physical science and non-physical science student teacher value systems were shown in some instances to be similar, and in others to be noticeably different; one of the two physical science student teacher value systems was in most instances aligned with the value systems identified as being present in English secondary school culture; misalignment showed that physical science specialists place less emphasis on having a sense of belonging and on benevolence oriented values; when compared with the values in English secondary school culture, teachers in the formative years of their careers, regardless of their specialism, have the potential to overemphasise the importance of conformity oriented values. It is suggested that these combined factors contribute to the attrition of teachers of physical science subjects in the formative years of their careers.

Ce mémoire de recherche création s’intéresse à la problématique de la frontière entre les genres documentaire et fiction et à sa conception comme un espace de rencontre cinématographique pouvant ambitionner de constituer un 3e genre en soi. Genre que nous proposons de nommer « hybride ». Qu’est-ce qui justifie la persistance de l’attachement à un système binaire réductionniste ? Pourquoi les films métissant les approches documentaires et fictions font-ils souvent l’objet d’une désapprobation ou d’une négation de leur double parenté générique ? Comment penser l’hybridité ? Quels sont les critères et modèles positifs possibles de son élection en tant que genre ? Ce mémoire vise à analyser un riche corpus de films afin d’identifier comment se constitue l’hybridité et aussi comment elle est perçue, tant de la part des historiens et penseurs du cinéma que des médias et du public. Cette étude cherche à analyser des œuvres cinématographiques regroupées en quatre types emblématiques que sont le faux documentaire, le docufiction, le docudrame et le film dit hybride, afin de dégager les caractères propres à ces catégories et à proposer une modélisation du film hybride comme genre, de manière constructive et positive. Le volet création de ce mémoire est constitué d’un dossier de présentation d’un projet de film hybride intitulé La Légende de Tarō. / This Master’s memoir focuses on the border issue between documentary and fiction genres and its conception as a cinematic space for encounters, which could constitute a 3rd genre in itself. Genre that we propose to name hybrid. What justifies the persistence of the attachment to a reductionist binary system? Why do films that mix documentary and fiction approaches often meet with disapproval or negation of their duality? How to think about hybridity? What are the possible positive criteria and models for its election as a genre? This dissertation aims to analyze a rich corpus of films in order to identify how hybridity is constituted and also how it is perceived, both by film historians and thinkers, as well as by the media and the public. This study seeks to analyze cinematographic works grouped under four emblematic types, namely the mockumentary, the docufition, the docudrama and the so-called hybrid film, in order to identify the specific characteristics of these categories and to propose a model of hybrid film as a genre, in constructive and positive way. The creative component of this dissertation consists of a presentation file of a hybrid film project entitled The Legend of Tarō.

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This study unveils the perceptions, real-life experiences and thought-processes of contract workers who dedicate their lives to the Christian faith, values and belief-system, but simultaneously endeavour to establish and follow a successful career in the volatile, cut-throat, non-Christian-based (“hedonistic”) occupational entertainment commerce. The researcher embarked on this study with a qualitative, interpretivist research approach. Data was gathered through in-depth, unstructured, face-to-face interviews with a sample of nine research participants. The sample consists of student entertainers; entertainers in the public eye, but not yet established; as well as entertainers who have successful established careers with loyal national and international audiences in the Entertainment Industry. The researcher explores and seeks to understand the core values and belief systems of the research participants with regards to their Christian religious orientation, which is statistically verified to be the most prevalent religious practise in South Africa (Nation Master, 2013; Religious affiliation by country, 2010). Hence, the research findings with regards to Christians’ approach and attitude towards their careers will contribute to a better understanding and management of the majority of the workforce in South Africa. Moreover, the expected norms, values and work ethic of the Entertainment Industry in South Africa are exposed in this study. Although existing literature upholds that the Entertainment Industry is an exceptionally unstable work environment compared to other corporate industries, this research study adds significantly to current literature as viable causes for the unstable occupational environment are also investigated and presented. Previous research only addressed several aspects of the effect on one’s career advancement if an individual’s core value system differs from the accepted norms in an organisation or industry in general. This study subsequently reveals the personal- and occupational challenges that Christian entertainers encounter in an Entertainment Industry in South Africa and how they subsequently aim to decrease the cognitive dissonance that they experience due to continuous role conflict between moral obligation and the vital necessity for employment and career advancement. The findings of this study correlate with previous research as it indicates that the research participants will generally choose and prioritise their personal core values- and moral belief system above contradictory social and professional career demands and expectations. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / gm2014 / Human Resource Management / unrestricted

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