Braškių veislių tyrimas, auginant jas balta plėvele mulčiuotose žemose trieilėse lysvėse, panaudojant lietinimo sistemą, buvo atliktas Lietuvos sodininkystės ir daržininkystės institute 2009 m. Tirtos šios braškių veislės: ‘Honeoye’, ‘Elkat’, ‘Figaro’, ‘Elsanta’, ‘Marmolada’, ‘Darselect’ ir ‘Sonata’. Bandyminis braškynas įveistas kasetėse išaugintais daigais, sodinimo schema: 1,0 + 0,35 + 0,35 × 0,2 m ( 87 719 vnt. ha-1). Žiemos pradžioje prieš didesnius šalčius, siekiant apsaugoti kerelius nuo pašalimo žiemą ir paankstinti braškių derėjimą, bandyminis braškynas uždengtas agro danga. Didžiausią antrąjį derlių po priedanga išaugino ‘Darselect’ veislės braškės (29,2 t ha-1). Taip pat labai gausiai derėjo ‘Elsanta’ veislės braškės (28,2 t ha-1). ‘Elkat’, ‘Marmolada’ ir ‘Sonata’ braškės praktiškai derėjo vienodai ir davė po 26 t ha-1 derlių. Pagal sunokusių uogų derliaus dalį atskirais laikotarpiais tirtos braškių veislės skirstomos sekančiai: standartinė ‘Honeoye’ priskiriama prie ankstyvųjų, ‘Figaro’, ‘Elkat’ ir ‘Darselect’ - prie vidutinio ankstyvumo, ‘Marmolada’ ir ‘Elsanta’ – prie vidutinio vėlyvumo, o ‘Sonata’ – prie vėlyvųjų. Labiausiai standartinės ‘Honeoye’ veislės uogas pagal išvaizdą lenkė ‘Figaro’, ‘Darselect’, ‘Elsanta’ ir ‘Marmolada’, o skoniu ‘Darselect’ uogos. Tirtų veislių uogos už standartinės ‘Honeoye’ veislės buvo tvirtesnės, išskyrus ‘Elkat’. Tyrimo rezultatus įvertinus kompleksiškai, versliniuose braškynuose galima sėkmingai auginti visas tirtas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The research of the strawberry cultivars, growing under the white film in three-rowed beds, was carried out in Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture in 2009. These strawberry cultivars were tested: Honeoye’, ‘Elkat’, ‘Figaro’, ‘Elsanta’, ‘Marmolada’, ‘Darselect’ and ‘Sonata’. There is the planting sheme of the tested strawberry field, which was planted from sprouts, grown in cassettes : 1,0 + 0,35 + 0,35 × 0,2 m ( 87 719 vnt. ha-1). In early winter, before more extreme cold, the tested strawberry field was covered by agro-covering in order to protect little plants from cold influence and to advance the yield of strawberries. The second largest yield grown under covering was the strawberry strain ‘Darselect’ (29,2 t ha-1). ‘Elsanta’(28,2 t ha-1) strawberry cultivar also abundantly yielded. ‘Elkat’, ‘Marmolada’ and ‘Sonata’ strawberries yielded virtually the same and gave the 26 t ha-1 yield. According to ripe fruit yield in different periods, the tested strawberry cultivars are classified for the next: the standard ‘Honeoye’ is assigned to the early cultivar, ‘Figaro’, ‘Elkat’ ir ‘Darselect’- the average early cultivar and ‘Sonata’ - to the late cultivar. ‘Figaro’, ‘Darselect’, ‘Elsanta’ and ‘Marmolada’ were ahead of the most of the standard ‘Honeoye’ strawberry cultivar according to the appearance. According to the taste ‘Darselect’ berries were ahead. The tested cultivars were stronger than standard ‘Honeoye’, except ‘Elkat’. To appreciate the results of the research... [to full text]

General Abstract There has been a steady increase in the use of medicinal plants in the last two decades in both developed and developing countries for prevention, management and treatment of diseases. This increase has been due to reasons such as ease of access, better cultural acceptability and compatibility, cost effectiveness and also the bid to “go natural”. Unfortunately, the notion that herbal medicines are relatively safe because they are natural has led to serious and potentially fatal consequences in phytotherapy. The lack of rigorous research to prove the effectiveness and safety of many medicinal plants is of great concern to the health care system. This thesis therefore addresses not just the efficacy, but also the safety of the extracts of the berry of Solanum aculeastrum - a medicinal plant used, among other things, for the treatment of breast cancer in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Particular attention was paid to the possible effect of different processing methods of the berry extracts on inflammation, cytotoxicity, and toxicity. In studying the comparative effects of various processing methods, four different preparations of the extracts were investigated. These include fresh, dried, boiled fresh, and boiled dried berries. While the effect of processing on the anti-inflammatory properties of the extracts was not dose dependent, the percentage reduction in inflammation was highly significant and more prominent in both concentrations of the boiled fresh berries than the reference drug, indomethacin. Furthermore, the four extracts varied in their ability to act either centrally or peripherally in their effect on pain. Assessment of the analgesic response using the formalin test showed that, at both concentrations tested, none of the extracts inhibited the first phase of the formalin test. Furthermore, it was observed that boiling had differing results on the activity of the iii fresh and dried extracts. While boiling of the dried berries reduced pain in the rats, the opposite trend was observed with the boiled fresh berries. Results of the influence of processing of the berries on cytotoxicity indicated that the extracts are potent inhibitors of human breast, cervical and colonic carcinoma cells and the non-cancerous cells (both the actively dividing and confluent Chang liver cells). Although, in terms of relative potency, the fresh berries appeared to be the most active of the extracts, processing of the berries caused an increase in apoptotic cells and a subsequent decrease in the necrotic cells. The effect of processing on the safety of the berry of S. aculeastrum on the rats fed for 28 days was also investigated. The various doses (1, 10 and 25 mg/kg body weight) of all the four extracts did not alter the activity and the weight of the animals throughout the period of treatment. A reduction in organ to body weight ratio of the heart, kidney, liver and spleen was observed in all the extracts. Regarding the haematological parameters, different patterns of effect were observed between the extracts and within the treated doses. The observed alterations in the biochemical parameters by the various extract of Solanum aculeastrum berries at all the doses may have consequential effects on the normal functioning of these organs. In conclusion, this study has shown that there is some justification for the traditional use of the berries of Solanum aculeastrum in the treatment of inflammation related ailments and cancer. However, the medicinal use of the plant also poses considerable health risks. Investigation conducted into the plant’s safety revealed that the berry extracts were nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, haematotoxic and at higher doses, fatal. Another concern with regard to the plant’s safety is the non-selectivity of its extracts in the inhibition of carcinoma, actively dividing and un-dividing cells. Assessment of the effect of the processing on the berry’s efficacy and safety as herbal iv remedy produced mixed results. On the one hand, processing seemed to improve the extract’s anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, while reducing its cytotoxic potential. On the other hand, a reduction in the toxicity was observed on the processed extracts compared to the fresh ones. This may be an indication that processing has an overall beneficial effect on the medicinal properties of the plant and should thus be considered as a method of making the berries of Solanum aculeastrum safer for use as a herbal remedy.

Orientadores: Luiz Antonio Viotto, Lourdes Maria Correa Cabral / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T16:05:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Monteiro_FlaviaSilva_M.pdf: 1954883 bytes, checksum: a33e4f6f0c6378dd8256cd98b44333ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: As amoras-pretas (Rubus spp.), além de serem boas fontes de vitaminas e minerais, são ricas em antioxidantes naturais, como os ácidos fenólicos e flavonóides, entre eles as antocianinas, que também conferem ao suco coloração altamente atrativa, embora o tornem instável a tratamentos térmicos severos, que podem resultar em produtos escurecidos e de sabor alterado. A busca dos consumidores por alimentos que preservem suas características sensoriais e nutricionais após o processamento industrial tem levado as indústrias a investir em novas tecnologias menos agressivas à matéria-prima inicial, para adequar-se a essa nova tendência de mercado. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo a obtenção de suco de amora-preta concentrado em antocianinas, utilizando processos de separação por membranas, especificamente a microfiltração (MF), ultrafiltração (UF) e nanofiltração (NF). O suco foi obtido a partir do despolpamento de frutos de amora-preta (Rubus spp.) em despolpadeira com peneira de 0,8 mm e submetido aos processos de centrifugação e hidrólise enzimática, a fim de padronizar o teor de sólidos insolúveis e reduzir sua viscosidade e consequentemente aumentar o fluxo permeado do processo. Os processos de MF, UF e NF foram avaliados individualmente e acoplados entre si, tendo como variáveis de resposta o fluxo permeado, o teor de antocianinas e a capacidade antioxidante. Todos os processamentos foram realizados em um sistema com módulo quadro e placas com membranas a base de polímero fluorado e com tamanho de poro de 0,15 µm (MF), membranas de polissulfona com cut off de 20 kDa (UF) e membrana composta com rejeição ao MgSO4 maior que 98% (NF), com recirculação da corrente de retido e recolhimento contínuo do permeado, a 35°C e pressão aplicada à membrana de 5 bar (MF), 10 bar (UF) e 20 bar (NF). O fluxo permeado foi menor na ultrafiltração, a retenção de antocianinas foi eficiente na nanofiltração e ocorreu um aumento da capacidade antioxidante na fração retida comparado à alimentação, de aproximadamente 2 vezes na MF e NF e em 2,4 na UF. Observou-se também que o teor de antocianinas foi mantido na micro e ultrafiltração comprovando a eficácia da tecnologia de membranas na manutenção desta importante característica do suco de amora-preta, motivando a continuidade da pesquisa na aplicação deste processo para a obtenção de novos produtos com maior valor agregado / Abstract: Blackberries (Rubus spp.), besides being good sources of vitamins and minerals, are rich in natural antioxidants such as phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins that causes attractive juice staining, but at the same time, makes it severely unstable to thermal treatment, which can result in dark products and altered taste. The search for food consumers to preserve natural nutritional and sensory characteristics after processing has led food industries to invest in new technologies less harmful to the initial raw material and to adapt to this new market trend. In this context, this study aimed to obtain blackberry juice concentrated in anthocyanins, using membrane separation processes, specifically microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF). The juice was obtained by pulping the fruit of blackberry (Rubus spp.) fruits using a removal device with a 0.8 mm sieve. This juice was then subjected to the centrifugation process and enzymatic hydrolysis in order to standardize the amount of insoluble solids, and reduce its viscosity and consequently increase the permeate flux of the process. The processes of MF, UF and NF were evaluated individually and coupled together with response variables such as the permeate flux, the anthocyanin content and antioxidant capacity. All the process were carried out in a plate and frame module with membrane-based fluoropolymer and pore size of 0.15 micrometre (MF), polysulfone membranes with cut off 20 kDa (UF) and composite membrane with MgSO4 rejection of greater than 98% (NF), with recirculation of the retentate stream and continuous collection of the permeate at 35 °C as well as pressures applied to the membrane of 5 bar (MF), 10 bar (UF) and 20 bar (NF). The permeate flux was lower in ultrafiltration, and the anthocyanin retention in nanofiltration was effective; there was an increase in antioxidant capacity in the retained fraction compared to food, of approximately two times the MF and NF and 2.4 at UF. Additionally, it was observed that the anthocynanin's content was preserved in the micro- and ultrafiltration, proving the efficiency of the membrane technology to maintain this important feature of the blackberry juice, motivating continued research in applying this process to obtain new products with higher added value / Mestrado / Engenharia de Alimentos / Mestre em Engenharia de Alimentos

Diversos estudos buscam identificar novas moléculas com ações regulatórias sobre a via de sinalização da insulina e consequentemente na homeostase da glicose. Assim, este trabalho visa avaliar o potencial de extratos de frutos no controle da homeostase glicêmica. Os frutos avaliados foram o morango (cv. Toianoca, Camarosa, Oso Grande e Camino Real), a amora-preta e a framboesa vermelha, em dois tempos de amostragem, sendo considerado como tempo A1 e tempo A2. As amostras foram caracterizadas quanto ao seu conteúdo de fenólicos totais, conteúdo de antocianinas monoméricas, capacidade antioxidante, avaliada pelos métodos DPPH e ORAC, ácido elágico total, capacidade de inibição da alfa-glicosidase e captação de glicose e lipólise em tecido adiposo de camundongos (ensaio explante). Dentre os frutos, no primeiro tempo de amostragem, a amora-preta e o morango, cv Oso Grande, foram os que apresentaram maior conteúdo de fenólicos totais (62,36 e 34,89 mg AG/g, respectivamente) no entanto não foram mantidos esses valores no segundo tempo de amostragem, com concentração 30% e 60% inferior, respectivamente; e maior concentração de antocianinas monoméricas (45,33 mg/g e 3,09 mg/g, respectivamente). Em relação a inibição da enzima alfa-glicosidase, avaliado em extrato metanólico, o fruto framboesa vermelha e o morango cv. Camino Real foram as que apresentaram alto potencial inibitório nos dois tempos de amostragem (IC50 0,47 mg FT e IC50 0,57 mg FT para framboesa vermelha e IC50 0,50 mg FT e IC50 0,46 mg FT para Camino Real). Quando avaliado os extratos enriquecidos em fenólicos, o valor de IC50 com maior potencial dentre os frutos avaliados foi da amora-preta, nos dois tempos A1 e A2 (0,0023 mg FT e 0,0021 mg FT, respectivamente). Para captação de glicose em tecido adiposo explate, ao utilizar a insulina para estimular a captação de glicose juntamente com o tratamento (extrato), esse estimulo foi efetivo no aumento da captação de glicose somente com as amostras cv. Camino Real e cv. Oso Grande. Isso pode ser explicado pela alta correlação encontrada de antocianinas identificadas no fruto, como pelargonidina-3-O-glicosídeo. Por outro lado, somente a amora-preta A1 aumentou a lipólise em condição basal, mas nenhuma fruta foi eficiente para reduzir a lipólise em condição estimulada pelo isoproterenol. Sendo assim, frutas vermelhas podem ser boas fontes de compostos bioativos, principalmente antocianinas, as quais podem ter corroborado positivamente com os resultados. / Several studies seek to identify new molecules with regulatory actions on the insulin signaling pathway and consequently on glucose homeostasis. Thus, this work aims to evaluate the potential of fruit extracts in the control of glycemic homeostasis. The fruits evaluated were strawberry (cv. Toianoca, Camarosa, Oso Grande and Camino Real), blackberry and red raspberry, in two sampling times, being considered as time A1 and time A2. Fruits were evaluated for total phenolic, monomeric anthocyanins and contents, antioxidant capacity, evaluated by DPPH and ORAC methods, alpha-glycosidase inhibition capacity and glucose uptake and lipolysis in adipose tissue of mice (explant assay). Among the fruits, in the first sampling period, blackberry and strawberry, cv. Oso Grande, showed the highest total phenolic content (62.36 and 34.89 mg AG / g, respectively), with a decrease of the 30% and 60%, respectively, in the second sampling time; and higher monomeric anthocyanins concentration (45.33 mg/g and 3.09 mg/g, respectively). The methanolic extracts of raspberry and the strawberry cv Camino Real (A1 and A2) presented the highest alpha-glucosidase inhibitory potential. Otherwise, the enriched-polyphenol extract of blackberry (A1 and A2) presented the highest potential among the evaluated fruits. Adipose tissue treated with strawberry cv. Camino Real and cv. Oso Grande was effective in increasing glucose uptake stimulated by insulin. This can be explained by the high correlation with the anthocyanins pelargonidin-3-O-glycoside identified in this fruit. In addition, blackberry A1 was the only sample to increase the lipolysis in basal condition, but all other fruits were not effective to decrease lipolysis in stimulated condition. Thus, berries could be a good sources of bioactive compounds to maintain the glucose homeostasis.

The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine the aroma active compounds in different varieties of black elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) and in elder juices that were mixed in different proportions with grape juice. The sensory analysis of these juices was subsequently performed with focusing on their tastiness. The theoretical part deals with the description of the black elderberry, its occurrence, composition and use at home and in industrial processing, as well as a description of aroma active compounds, which have been previously identified in elder by various authors. In the experimental part aroma active substances were identified and quantified in seven selected varieties of elder. Solid Phase Microextraction method was used for their isolation and subsequent analysis was performed by gas chromatography. 39 aroma active compounds were identified totally in fruits of the black elderberry, of which 15 alcohols, 11 aldehydes, 7 ketones, 5 esters and 1 acid. 45 aroma active compounds were identified totally in elderberry juices, of which 19 alcohols, 8 aldehydes, 5 ketones, 7 esters and 6 acids. The sensory analysis of elder juices was performed using ranking test and evaluation using the scales.

No / In 1834 in a tumulus at Gristhorpe, North Yorkshire, UK, an intact coffin fashioned from the hollowed-out trunk of an oak tree was found to contain a well-preserved skeleton stained black from the oak tannins, wrapped in an animal skin and buried with a range of grave artefacts, including a bronze dagger, flints and a bark vessel. The remains were deposited in the Rotunda Museum at Scarborough, where closure due to refurbishment in 2005–2008 provided an opportunity for the scientific investigation of the skeletal remains and artefacts using a wide range of techniques. Dendrochronological and radiocarbon dating has established the age of the skeleton as 2140–1940 BC at 95% confidence, in the Early Bronze Age. As part of this project, Raman spectra of several mysterious small spherical objects discovered in the coffin underneath the skeleton and initially believed to be ‘mistletoe berries’ associated with ancient burial customs have been recorded non-destructively. The interpretation of the Raman spectral data, microscopic analysis and comparison with modern specimens has led to the conclusion that the small spheres are phosphatic urinary stones, which reflect the archaeological dietary evidence and stable isotope analysis of bone collagen of Gristhorpe Man.

Submitted by KARINE CUSTÓDIO GARCIA null (kak_garcia@hotmail.com) on 2016-12-21T11:55:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação repositorio.pdf: 3376488 bytes, checksum: 8bc9d4cb78c9af3b01d3dc21a7312a4d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-12-22T12:00:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_kc_me_arafcf.pdf: 3376488 bytes, checksum: 8bc9d4cb78c9af3b01d3dc21a7312a4d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-22T12:00:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_kc_me_arafcf.pdf: 3376488 bytes, checksum: 8bc9d4cb78c9af3b01d3dc21a7312a4d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / As infecções do trato urinário (ITU) são afecções comuns, que podem resultar em níveis significantes de morbidade. Os agentes etiológicos associados a ITU são bactérias Gram-negativas e Gram-positivas, além do fungo comensal Candida albicans. Além dos parâmetros clássicos associados à infecção, as ITU proporcionam o aumento na formação de espécies reativas de oxigênio e nitrogênio, o que também acarreta injúria tecidual, bem como, também ocorre um alto índice de micro-organismos resistentes aos fármacos disponíveis na clínica médica, o que demanda na prospecção por novas abordagens terapêuticas complementares. No Brasil, a espécie Eugenia brasiliensis Lam. é conhecida como “berry brasileira” ou grumixama, e existem poucos relatos na literatura demonstrando sua atividade biológica. Este fator associados à escassez de estudos sobre a espécie brasileira E. brasiliensis, despertou o interesse em novos estudos relacionados à sua ação sobre microrganismos relacionados a ITU e atividade antioxidante. Os extratos utilizados neste estudo foram obtidos a partir da polpa do fruto liofilizado de E. brasiliensis com diferentes solventes, com objetivo de obter dados de sua composição fitoquímica, avaliar suas atividades antioxidantes, antimicrobianas e citotóxicas. Foram utilizados como padrões para os ensaios de atividade antioxidante o ácido elágico, quercetina, ácido gálico, ácido cafeico e trolox. Na caracterização química dos extratos foram determinados, os teores de flavonoides totais, compostos fenólicos totais, antocianinas totais e açúcares totais e realizados testes de identificação para taninos; além disso, um perfil cromatográfico por CLAE-UV foi obtido. O extrato etanólico apresentou atividade antimicrobiana para cepas de Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus e Candida albicans ATCC18804, enquanto o extrato aquoso demonstrou atividade antimicrobiana apenas frente ao S. aureus. Em relação à atividade antioxidante observou-se que os “padrões” ácido elágico, ácido gálico, ácido cafeico e quercetina foram mais eficientes do que as amostras para todos os ensaios, e entre os extratos de E. brasiliensis, o extrato etanólico demonstrou ter maior eficiência para a capturadas espécies reativas O2•-, ABTS•+, HOCl/OCl- e TauCl; enquanto que o extrato aquoso apresentou maior eficiência para o ensaio de clareamento da crocina na captura do radical ROO• e maior potencial redutor do íon férrico. Para o ensaio do NO•e H2O2 nenhum dos extratos apresentou atividade. Quanto ao potencial citotóxico, os extratos de E. brasiliensis não apresentaram citotoxicidade frente as linhagens celulares de origem não tumoral (macrófagos, linfócitos e células VERO). / The urinary tract infections (UTI) are common disorders, which may result in significant levels of morbidity. The etiological agents associated with UTI are Gram-negative and Gram-positive, plus commensal Candida albicans fungus. In addition to the classics associated with infection parameters, the ITU provide increased formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which also causes tissue damage, as well as a high rate of resistant microorganisms to drugs available in clinical practice, which requires the prospecting for new medicinal approaches. In Brazil, the specie Eugenia brasiliensis Lam. are known as “brazilian berry” or grumixama, and there are few reports in the literature demonstrating your biologic activity. This factor associated with the lack of studies on the brazilian specie E .brasiliensis stir up interest in new research related to the activities of microorganisms related to ITU and antioxidant activity. The extracts used in this study were obtained from the fruit pulp lyophilized of E. brasiliensis with different solvents in order to get data from their phytochemical composition, evaluate their antioxidant activity, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity. For the evaluation of antioxidant activity it was used like standards acid elagic, quercetina, acid gallic, acid cafeico and trolox. In the chemical characterization of the extracts were determined, the contents of total flavonoids, total phenolics, total anthocyanins and total sugars were determined and were performed to tannins; moreover, a profile by HPLC-UV chromatogram was obtained. The ethanol extract showed activity antimicrobial for the strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Candida albicans ATCC18804, while the aqueous extract only demonstrated activity antimicrobial for S. aureus. In relation to the antioxidant activity it is observed that the “standards” ellagic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid and quercetin were more efficient and among extracts of E. brasiliensis ethanolic extract showed greater efficiency for capture of reactive species O2•-, ABTS•+, HOCl/OCl- and TauCl; while the aqueous extract was more efficient for crocina bleaching assay in capturing the radical ROO• and higher potential reducer of ferric ion. For the test of NO• and H2O2 none of the extracts showed activity. As to the cytotoxic potential, E. brasiliensis extracts showed no cytotoxicity on cell lines of non-tumor origin (macrophages, lymphocytes and VERO).

In this study, strawberry fruit was taken as the studied model. An attempt was carried on trying to identify a unique DNA fingerprint in each of the selected different strawberry cultivars of Fragaria x ananassa Duch species available in Turkey. The basis of the study was to examine the fruit characteristics at the molecular level rather than at the morphological level. It is of great importance to differentiate and trace the origin of any variety by examining its DNA by using a very sophisticated molecular technique. In this case, DNA fingerprinting technique depending on the Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) markers which are also called Microsatellite markers were used. DNA fingerprinting technique reveals the specific DNA profile which is unique as a fingerprint for a fruit specimen and this DNA profile is the same and constant throughout different parts of the fruit as well as its developmental stages. In this thesis work, nine primers flanking the SSR markers already available in the online databases were designed hoping to detect SSRs that could differentiate among the five selected cultivars of strawberry.

Fort McMurray has experienced significant environmental disruptions, raising concerns about chemical releases that affect the environment, particularly berries. This thesis explores the relationship between environmental factors and the nutritional quality of pin cherry (Prunus pensylvanica L.F.) and common blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides Michx) fruits and soil in Fort McMurray (reclaimed and natural lands). Samples were collected in August 2022 and analyzed for chemicals and quality variables. The results revealed concentration variations among samples, with hydrocarbons higher in reclaimed areas and blueberries than others and soil surpassing those in fruits. Copper and iron in fruits exceeded regulatory limits. A strong association between soil chemicals and alkylated hydrocarbons in fruits explained most differences. Soil trace elements and properties were primary environmental drivers, while hydrocarbons were secondary influencers, evident mainly in reclaimed berry environments. Antioxidant-focused nutritional quality in reclaimed berries was predominantly influenced by these key drivers in soil, requiring consistent monitoring.

<p>Acetonski ekstrakti bobičastog voća iz familija Ericaceae<br />(borovnica,<em> Vaccinium myrtillus</em> L., i brusnica, <em>Vaccinium<br />macrocarpon</em> L.) i Rosaceae (&scaron;ipak, <em>Rosa canina</em> L., i glog,<br /><em>Crataegus oxyacantha</em> L.) preči&scaron;ćeni su i frakcionisani<br />primenom ekstrakcije na čvrstoj fazi (SPE). Sadržaj ukupnih<br />polifenolnih jedinjenja, flavonoida i antocijana u preči&scaron;ćenim<br />ekstraktima određeni su spektrofotometrijskim metodama.<br />HPLC analizom utvrđen je kvalitativni i kvantitativni<br />sastav frakcija ekstrakata ispitivanih bobica. ESR spektroskopijom<br />ispitana je antiradikalska aktivnost frakcija ekstrakata<br />bobica na stabilne DPPH^● i reaktivne superoksid anjon i<br />hidroksil radikale. ESR spektroskopijom ispitano je i<br />prisustvo slobodnih radikala antioksidanata nastalih tokom<br />reakcije frakcija ekstrakata bobica sa superoksid anjon<br />radikalima. U zavr&scaron;noj fazi rada ispitana je<em> in vitro</em><br />antiproliferativna aktivnost frakcija ekstrakata bobica, njihovim<br />delovanjem na rast tri histolo&scaron;ki različite humane ćelijske<br />linije: HeLa (epitelni karcinom cerviksa), HT-29 (adenokarcinom<br />debelog creva) i MCF-7 (adenokarcinom dojke).</p> / <p>Acetone extracts of berries form Ericaceae (bilberry, <em>Vaccinium<br />myrtillus</em> L., and cranberry, <em>Vaccinium macrocarpon</em><br />L.) and Rosaceae (rose hip, <em>Rosa canina</em> L., and hawthorn,<br /><em>Crataegus oxyacantha </em>L.) families were purified and fractionated<br />using solid phase extraction (SPE). Contents of total<br />polyphenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins in purified extracts<br />were determined by spectrophotometric methods.<br />HPLC analysis were used for quantitative and qualitative<br />characterization of investigated berry extracts fractions. ESR<br />spectroscopy was used for investigation of antiradical activity<br />of berry extracts fractions on stable DPPH^● and<br />reactive superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals. The<br />presence of antioxidant free radicals formed during reaction<br />of investigated berry extracts fractions with superoxide<br />anion radicals was also investigated by ESR. Antiprolixferative<br />activity of investigated berry extracts fractions was<br />determined<em> in vitro</em>, testing their influence on the growth of<br />three histologically different human cell lines: HeLa (cervix<br />epithelioid carcinoma), HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma) i<br />MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma).</p>