O presente trabalho refere-se à modelagem fenomenológica da transferência de movimento das bolhas de ar para o meio líquido, simulação com integrações numéricas de Equações Diferenciais Parciais (EDP\'s) e comparação com resultados experimentais de viscosidades turbulentas. Esse tipo de modelo com transporte turbulento se faz necessário para avaliar a natureza dos escoamentos, seja em situação enquanto em monitoramento de recursos hídricos ou em operações nos tratamentos de efluentes líquidos. Foram obtidas soluções para o caso laminar e turbulento considerando modelo kappa-epsilon para um volume de controle com geometria cartesiana bidimensional. O método de resolução das equações parciais usado foi o dos volumes finitos. Os valores das viscosidades turbulentas calculadas convergiram com valores muito próximos dos encontrados experimentalmente num período de tempo de 5 (cinco) segundos, após esse período de tempo, os resultados divergiram muito dos experimentais, mesmo com grande refino de malha, o que sugere mudança de estratégia na proposição do modelo de turbulência. / The present work refers to the phenomenological modeling of the air bubbles transfer movementto the liquid phase, numerical simulation with integrations of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) and Partial Differential Equations (PDE\'s), compared with experimental results. Such models contribute to the turbulent transport, which are needed to assess the nature of the flows, in situations while monitoring water resources or in operations of wastewater treatment. Solutions were obtained considering the case laminar or turbulent using kappa-epsilon model. The calculated kinematic viscosities values diverged greatly from experimental results, suggesting the necessity of strategy changes in the proposed turbulence model.

To support the trust in the design development of adhesively bonded joints, it is important to precisely predict their mechanical failure load. A numerical simulation model with a two-dimensional linear elastic cohesive zone model using a combination of a soft and a stiff adhesive is developed to optimize the strength of a lap-joint. Separation under mixed-mode conditions (normal and shear direction) is considered. By varying the length of the adhesives, the fracture load is optimized. The results obtained from the numerical experiments show an improvement in strength.

Submitted by Guilherme Avino Ohland null (guilherme01261@aluno.feis.unesp.br) on 2017-03-04T18:34:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO - GUILHERME AVINO OHLAND.pdf: 5200722 bytes, checksum: 2b9af38c712c37f2ad2bc2bd13a092c5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-03-09T13:21:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ohland_ga_me_ilha.pdf: 5200722 bytes, checksum: 2b9af38c712c37f2ad2bc2bd13a092c5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-09T13:21:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ohland_ga_me_ilha.pdf: 5200722 bytes, checksum: 2b9af38c712c37f2ad2bc2bd13a092c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-07 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma formulação do Método dos Elementos de Contorno (MEC) para análises de microestruturas heterogêneas, onde dentro da matriz podem ser definidos vazios ou inclusões com diferentes propriedades elásticas. A microestrutura é modelada por uma chapa em sub-regiões, onde diferentes valores de coeficientes de Poisson e módulo de Young podem ser definidos para cada sub-região. Para resolver as integrais de domínio escritas em termos de deslocamentos no plano, o domínio da matriz e das inclusões são discretizadas em células, onde os deslocamentos têm que ser aproximados. Assim, neste modelo, além de valores no contorno para deslocamentos e forças no plano, valores nodais de deslocamentos no plano são definidos também no domínio. Então, adotando-se técnicas de homogeneização, os valores homogeneizados para o tensor constitutivo e o tensor das tensões são calculados. A formulação é proposta dentro do contexto de análise em multi-escala de estruturas, onde a microestrutura do material é denominada de EVR (Elemento de Volume Representativo), sendo seu problema de equilíbrio definido em termos de flutuação dos deslocamentos. Neste trabalho será adotado comportamento elástico linear para os diferentes materiais (ou fases) do EVR, porém tal formulação pode ser facilmente estendida no futuro a fim de considerar deformações residuais. Nos exemplos numéricos, os resultados são comparados com uma formulação desenvolvida com o Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF), a fim de validar o modelo proposto. / A formulation of the boundary element method (BEM) to perform elastic analysis of heterogeneous microstructures is presented. The microstructure is modelled as a zoned plate where voids or inclusions can be considered inside a matrix. Thus, each sub-region represents either the matrix or an inclusion, where different Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus can be defined. In the proposed model domain integrals in terms of in-plane displacements arise in the formulation, which are solved by discretizing the sub-regions into cells where the displacements are approximated. Thus, besides the boundary values for in-plane displacements and tractions, nodal values of in-plane displacements are defined in the domain. Although the proposed model can be used to analyse the stretching problem of plates composed by different materials, in this paper the formulation is proposed in the context of a multi-scale analysis, i. e. it will be used to model the RVE (Representative Volume Element), which equilibrium equation is solved in terms of displacement fluctuations. In this paper, only elastic behaviour will be considered for matrix and inclusions, although the proposed model can be extended to consider dissipative phenomena in the microstructure. To make the micro-to-macro transition necessary in a multi-scale analysis, the homogenized values for stress and constitutive tensor have to be computed adopting homogenization techniques. In a future work this formulation will be coupled to a BEM formulation to model the macro-continuum in order to perform the multi-scale using only the Boundary Element Method. Some numerical examples of heterogeneous microstructures are presented and compared to a formulation of the Finite Element Method to show the accuracy of the proposed model. / CNPq: 130642/2015-0

This diploma thesis deals with the corporate performance management which represents a new direction in utilizing of data produced by Business Intelligence. An application of this approach in a telecommunications operator environment is a major contribution of this thesis. Theoretical principles of corporate performance management which capture, for instance, analysis of components, architecture, future development and current state of the market are described in the first two chapters. The third charter is an introductory part to the practical one because it deals with selected implementation methodology of corporate performance management. This thesis concentrates on two parts within the framework of this methodology -- analysis and proposal. While the fourth chapter characterizes the initial situation and a methodology of collecting of data, the fifth and sixth chapters create a core of this diploma thesis. The fifth chapter, which focuses on the analysis mentioned above, surveys a current state of the parts needed in order to propose CPM and where it is necessary the fifth chapter submits proposals of changes. The sixth chapter creates a complex proposal of CPM in a real environment based on the analysis of current situation in the company and from the proposals of changes. This proposal represents a summary of theoretical knowledge of corporate performance management and the current situation in the telecommunications company. The last seventh chapter makes recommendations which would contribute to the future implementation of the proposed corporate performance management.

This diploma thesis is focused on operation and maintenance of BI systems based on Microsoft's SQL Server 2008 R2 platform. This work covers regular activities related to BI system management that means monitoring, performance tuning, maintenance, administration, backup and recovery tasks. System management is based mainly on SQL Server's native management tools along with Microsoft's applications System Center: Essentials and System Center: Data Protection Manager. The main goal of this work is to create BI system operations and maintenance methodology in cooperation with Clever Decision which is specialized in BI area. Partial goals are to design a way of monitoring components of BI system, including to outline backup and recovery posibilities, maintenance and performance tuning of the SQL Server platform. Each chapter contains methods, best practices, summary tables and appropriate tools which help DBA to achieve the specified goals. The main contribution of this work is operations and maintenance methodology created according to Clever Decision's needs. Among the other contributions of this thesis also belongs the definition of using tools for monitoring and maintenance and their relations to the SQL Server's components. The work also contains simple backup and performance tuning methodology for SQL Server. At least, this diploma thesis represents comprehensive material which is strictly focused on OLAP databases operation and maintenance.

Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude de puits quantiques de HgCdTe / CdHgTe dans le plan [013]. Les données expérimentales sont obtenues par photoconductivité et résonance cyclotron et concordent avec les résultats de simulations numériques. Les calculs sont effectués par approximation des fonctions enveloppe avec un Hamiltonien effectif 8x8. Afin de décrire les hétérostructures dont la croissance est faite sur un plan atomique arbitraire, une approche générale basée sur l'expansion d'invariants et les transformations par rotation, a été développé. La rotation généralisée peut être appliquée à un modèle avec l'ensemble des bandes de façon arbitraire. Le spectre d'énergie du Hamiltonien effectif a été calculé en utilisant l'expansion en onde plane des fonctions enveloppe dans la direction de croissance de l'hétérostructure. Un champ magnétique quantifiant a été pris en compte avec la substitution et l'expansion de Pierls sur les fonctions d'onde des électrons libres en présence du champ magnétique. Les mesures de photoconductivité ont montré une photoréponse correspondant à des transitions interbandes pour des énergies de photons allant jusqu'à 30 meV. Dans l'intervalle de 7 à 30 meV nous avons observé une photoconductivité vraisemblablement due à la photo-ionisation de certains centres de diffusion dans les barrières de CdHgTe. L'analyse théorique de la possibilité d'amplification du rayonnement Terahertz sur les transitions intrabandes dans les puits quantiques HgCdTe / CdHgTe a été effectuée. Des mesures de résonance ont montré la dépendance de la masse cyclotron sur la concentration des porteurs de charges due à la forte non-parabolicité de la bande de conduction. En champs magnétiques quantifiants (jusqu'à 45 T) des résonances interbandes et intrabandes ont été observées. Les mesures de magnétoabsorption ont été également effectuées avec un spectromètre à transformée de Fourier en champs magnétiques quantifiants allant jusqu'à 16 T. Les transitions interbandes et intrabandes ont été étudiés. Dans les puits quantiques de HgTe ayant une structure de bande inversée, une ligne de résonance cyclotron (CR) liée aux trous a été observée. Dans les échantillons ayant des bandes normales, en plus des transitions CR liées aux électrons, une ligne très marquée et probablement liée à des transitions d'impuretés a été découverte. Un anti-croisement des niveaux de Landau d'électrons et de trous dans les échantillons de bandes inversées a été confirmée par l'observation du splitting d'une résonance. Des simulations numériques ont montré que l'anticroisement des niveaux de Landau est causé par l'asymétrie par inversion du cristal massif (Bulk Inversion Asymmetry - BIA) et devrait disparaître pour certaines directions de croissance des hétérostructures. La comparaison des résultats expérimentaux et théoriques a montré de manière générale un bon accord qualitatif, mais un désaccord quantitative systématique allant dans le même sens pour toutes les expériences en champs magnétique. L'accord a été obtenu par l'ajustement de l'offset de la bande de valence du CdTe et du HgTe, et du paramètre de Kane, Ep. / The thesis is devoted to study of narrow-gap HgCdTe/CdHgTe quantum wells grown on [013] plane. The experimental data are obtained by means of photoconductivity and cyclotron resonance measurements and fit with results of numerical simulations.The calculations are made within envelope functions approximation with 8x8 effective Hamiltonian. In order to describe heterostructures grown on arbitrary atomic plane a general approach based on expansion over invariants and rotation transformation was developed. The generalized rotation can be applied to a model with arbitrary basis band set.The energy spectrum of the effective Hamiltonian was calculated using plain wave expansion of the envelope functions in heterostructure growth direction. Quantizing magnetic field have been taken into account with Pierls substitution and expansion over wave functions of free electron in magnetic field.Photoconductivity measurements have demonstrated interband photoresponse for photon energies down to 30~meV. In the range from 7 to 30 meV we have observed photoconductivity presumably concerned with photoionization of some centers in CdHgTe barriers. Theoretical analysis of possibility of FIR radiation amplification on intraband transitions in HgCdTe/CdHgTe quantum wells have been performed.Cyclotron resonance measurements in quasiclassical magnetic fields have shown dependence of cyclotron mass on carrier concentration caused by strong non-parabolicity of conduction band. In quantizing magnetic fields (up to 45 T) both interband and intraband magnetoabsorption have been observed.Magnetoabsorption have been also measured with Fourier transform spectrometer in quantizing magnetic fields up to 16 T. Both interband and intraband magnetoabsorption have been studied. In semimetallic HgTe quantum well with inverted band structure, a hole CR line was observed. In normal-band sample in addition to electron CR transitions a strong absorption line presumably related to impurity transitions was discovered.Avoided crossing of electron and hole Landau levels in inverted-band sample was confirmed by splitting of two spectral lines. Numerical simulations showed that Landau level anticrossing is caused by bulk inversion asymmetry and should disappear for some heterostructure growth directions.Comparison of experimental and theoretical results have shown good qualitative agreement with systematic quantitative disagreement in the same direction in all experiments involving magnetic fields. The agreement was achieved by adjustment of valence band offset of CdTe and HgTe, and the Kane parameter Ep.

Les procédés industriels de transformation des grandes productions végétales génèrent des quantités importantes de coproduits qui peuvent très souvent trouver une valorisation en tant que sources de molécules à valeur ajoutée pour l'agrochimie. Les travaux de thèse se polarisent sur une matière première originale : le chanvre (Cannabis sativa L.), plante riche en une lignine particulière, de caractéristiques différentes de celle du bois et beaucoup plus accessible. Le procédé de défibrage du chanvre (Cannabis sativa L.) génère 30% de fibres pour 70% de co-produits lignocellulosiques : chènevotte (50%) et poudre organique (20%) lesquels ont été étudiés ici comme sources potentielles d'acides hydroxycinnamiques (AHC) tels que les acides férulique (AF) et p-coumarique (ApC). Leur répartition structurale dans la matrice lignocellulosique a été évaluée analytiquement par hydrolyses séquencées. L'AF est majoritairement éthérifié à la structure lignocellulosique, et ce pour les deux matières, tandis que l'ApC est principalement sous forme estérifiée dans la poudre organique et lie en proportions équivalentes par des liaisons ester et éther dans la chènevotte. Le fractionnement des coproduits du chanvre pour l'obtention d'extraits et raffinats performants en acides phénoliques a été étudié par extraction assistée par micro-ondes et extraction thermo-mécano-chimique en extrudeur bi-vis. Ces méthodes ont toutes deux permis d'intensifier l'extraction des AHC. Pour la chènevotte, un solvant hydro-alcoolique alcalin conduit aux rendements optimaux en ApC en réacteur micro-ondes et en AF par extrusion bi-vis tandis que, pour la poudre organique, ce même solvant est le plus efficace pour extraire les deux acides phénoliques par extrusion bi-vis. L'enrichissement en AHC des extraits par adsorption sur différents solides microporeux a été étudié. La zéolithe *BEA (beta) a démontré un fort potentiel tant pour l'adsorption d'AHC de solutions modèles que pour ceux contenus dans les extraits issus des schémas de fractionnement. / The industrial transformation of common cultivated crops generates significant amounts of by-products that can often be valorized as a source of value- added molecules for biochemistry. The present work focuses on an original raw material: hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), rich in a particularly, more accessible, lignin having different characteristics than that of wood. Hemp defibering process (Cannabis sativa L.) generates 30% fibers and 70% lignocellulosic by-products: hemp shives (50%) and hemp dust (20%) which were studied in this work as a potential source of hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA) such as ferulic (FA) and p-coumaric (pCA) acids. Their structural distribution in the lignocellulosic matrix was analytically evaluated by multistage hydrolysis. FA is mostly etherified to the lignocellulosic structure, while pCA is mainly esterified in hemp dust and equally bound through ester and ether linkages in hemp shives. Biorefinery of hemp by-products, to obtain extracts and raffinates which are rich in phenolic acids, was studied by using microwave-assisted extraction and thermo-mechano-chemical extraction using twin-screw extruder. Both methods have helped to intensify the extraction of HCA. For hemp shives, alkaline-hydro alcoholic solvent lead to the optimum yields of pCA by microwave extraction and of FA by twin-screw extrusion, while for hemp dust, the same solvent is the most effective for the extraction of both phenolic acids using twin-screw extraction. The enrichment of HCA extracts by adsorption on different microporous solids has been investigated. The zeolite *BEA (beta) showed a high potential of HCA adsorption from both model solutions and extracts obtained from fractionation.

Dans cette thèse nous étudions la problématique d’un fournisseur d’électricité qui souhaite à la fois réguler la demande et créer du revenu dans un environnement potentiellement compétitif (PRMDS). Nous proposons des modèles bi-niveaux pour représenter l’interaction hiérarchique entre le fournisseur d’électricité (le meneur) et ses clients (le suiveur). L’objectif du meneur est de maximiser son revenu en décroissant la valeur de pointe de la demande alors que l’objectif du suiveur est de minimiser la somme des coûts des clients. Nous supposons que les clients résidentiels sont inter-connectés entre eux via un réseau de communication bi-directionnel ce qui permet un pilotage de la demande par rapport aux prix par un agrégateur de réseau intelligent. Dans cette thèse nous avons proposé plusieurs modèles de programmation mathématique à deux niveaux bilinéaire bilinéaire pour le PRMDS. Ces modèles peuvent être reformulés sous forme de problèmes linéaire avec variables mixte (MIP) en utilisant les conditions de KKT. Ces modèles sont résolus de façon exacte sur des instances de taille moyenne via un logiciel commercial. Afin de résoudre des instances de plus grande taille, des heuristiques ont été proposées. Deux d’entre elles ont prouvé leur efficacité en terme de qualité de solution obtenue et de temps de calcul. Finalement nous avons considéré une version robuste du problème de programmation mathématique à deux niveaux. Des propriétés préliminaires ont été prouvées. / This thesis is concerned with revenue optimization of an energy provider. A bilevel programming approach is proposed to model the relationship between the energy provider (leader) and power users (follower). The leader intends to achieve an optimal trade-off between revenue and peak load whereas the follower minimizes total cost of users to achieve system optimality. A smart grid structure that allows two-way communication is assumed to interconnect users and to schedule their demand regarding the prices. Day-ahead real-time prices are read by each customer's smart meter and the response is coordinated. In this thesis, we propose several bilinear bilevel programs that are presented and reformulated as single-level mixed integer problems using the KKT conditions of the follower's problem. These MIPs are solved to optimality for randomly generated instances using a commercial software. Different versions of the models are tested and compared. In order to solve large instances, several heuristics are developed. Two of these methods are shown to be efficient and solve large instances that cannot be solved within a reasonable time interval using exact method. Their outputs are compared to the exact solutions for small instances and their performances are evaluated. Finally, we address the robust bilevel optimization problem, discuss existing approaches, give illustrative examples, and propose avenues for future research.

羅燕玲. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 197-204) / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Luo Yanling.

This bachelor’s thesis is elaborated according to gained experience and knowledge from thie field of databases systems and business intelligence. Its result is a data warehouse with support business intelligence parts for two incompatible versions of system EPOS (Electronic cash desk checking system).