The sequential-touching procedure is employed by researchers studying nonlinguistic categorization in toddlers. TouchStat 3.00 is introduced in this article as an adjunct to the sequential-touching procedure, allowing researchers to compare children’s actual touching behavior to what might be expected by chance. Advantages over the Thomas and Dahlin (2000) framework include ease of use, and fewer assumptive limitations. Improvements over TouchStat 1.00 include calculation of chance probabilities for multiple “special cases” and for immediate intercategory alternations. A new feature for calculating mean run length is also included.

Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-04-07T15:18:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Samy marques.pdf: 1541887 bytes, checksum: 6335e5c12fc4f4fec24616c00e7613b4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-07T15:18:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Samy marques.pdf: 1541887 bytes, checksum: 6335e5c12fc4f4fec24616c00e7613b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-16 / The Binomial probability distribution is one of the most commonly used to represent data of discrete random variables. In this work, we present the construction of the Binomial model and its main characteristics. The relationship with other distributions is explored following the theoretical aspects and examples of applications. The examples using data from the Brazilian soccer championship can become a motivational proposal for the students of the High School. The methodology is applied with the computational support of free software Geogebra. / A distribuição de probabilidade Binomial é uma das mais utilizadas para representar dados de variáveis aleatórias discretas. Neste trabalho, apresentamos a construção do modelo Binomial e suas principais caracter´ısticas. O relacionamento com outras distribuições é explorado seguindo os aspectos teóricos e exemplos de aplicações. Os exemplos usando dados do campeonato brasileiro de futebol podem se tornar uma proposta motivadora para os alunos do Ensino Médio. A metodologia é aplicada com o apoio computacional do software livre GeoGebra

Multidimensional frequency models can be used for modeling number of claims from different branches which are somehow dependent on each other. As in the one-dimensional case Poisson distribution and negative binomial distribution are primarily used for modeling multidimensional claim counts data, only they are extended to higher dimensions. The generalization of multi- dimensional distributions is often done using so-called shock variables, where one random variable is included in all dimensions of a random vector which models claim counts. The more comprehensive approach to modeling dependence uses copulas. Comparison of these models is done on a simulated data of number of claims from two different car insurance guarantees.

We study the properties of thinning and Markov chain thinning of renewal processes. Among others, we investigate whether some special renewal processes can be obtained through Markov chain thinning.

In this work were considered the maxima and minima structures. Where number of value is random and is distributed by negative binomial distribution. There were theorems that were improved in this work, that helped to find the limit distribute function of this standard structures. These theorems generalize propositions, when set size is geometric random number. Also, there was the concrete distribution analysis done and such distributions were chosen: exponential, general logistic and uniform.

Η παρούσα μεταπτυχιακή διατριβή εντάσσεται ερευνητικά στην περιοχή της Στατιστικής θεωρίας Αποφάσεων και ειδικότερα στη μελέτη της αρνητικής διωνυμικής κατανομής καθώς επίσης και στην εκτίμηση των παραμέτρων της. Στο Κεφάλαιο 1 παρουσιάζονται κάποιοι χρήσιμοι, για την πορεία της μελέτης μας, ορισμοί και θεωρήματα. Στο Κεφάλαιο 2 μελετάται το μοντέλο της αρνητικής διωνυμικής κατανομής, δίνονται τα χαρακτηριστικά μεγέθη αυτής και παρουσιάζονται οι διαφορετικές παραμετρικοποιήσεις της. Στο Κεφάλαιο 3, εξετάζεται το πρόβλημα εκτίμησης των παραμέτρων της αρνητικής διωνυμικής κατανομής και πιο ειδικά η εκτίμηση για τις διάφορες παραμετρικοποιήσης της. Για περισσότερη ανάλυση χρησιμοποιούνται η εκτίμηση μέγιστης πιθανοφάνειας, η εκτίμηση με τη μέθοδο των ροπών και πιο εξειδικευμένες υπολογιστικές μέθοδοι εκτίμησης. Στο Κεφάλαιο 4, και για το ίδιο πρόβλημα εκτίμησης που πραγματεύεται το προηγούμενο κεφάλαιο, επιλέγεται ο βέλτιστος εκτιμητής των παραμέτρων της αρνητικής διωνυμικής κατανομής και παρουσιάζεται ένα παράδειγμα για την κατανόηση των μεθόδων εκτίμησης. / The master thesis we are going to introduce takes place in the region of Statistical Decision Theory and particularly in studying the Negative Binomial Distribution and the estimation of its parameters. In Chapter 1 some useful definitions and theorems are presented. In Chapter 2 the model of negative binomial distribution is studied and its different parameterizations are discussed. In Chapter 3 we examine the problem of estimating the parameters of our model and for its parameterizations. In particular we give the method of Maximum Likelihood Estimation, the Method of Moments and more specified Estimation Methods. In Chapter 4 and for the same estimation problem, as in previous chapter, it’s been chosen the best estimator of the parameters in our model and it’s been derived an example for the better understanding of the above methods.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:42:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 costa_mg_dr_jabo.pdf: 593237 bytes, checksum: c4ff5532bce6b9238c25a14825e6e60c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O psilídeo Diaphorina citri Kuwayama tornou-se nos últimos anos, uma das mais importantes pragas na cultura de citros, principalmente pelos prejuízos causados às plantas devido à transmissão da bactéria causadora da doença Huanglongbing (HLB) ou Greening. Com a finalidade de estudar a distribuição espacial de ninfas e adultos desta praga, instalou-se um experimento em 2 áreas de citros com histórico de ocorrência de HLB, no município de Matão, região central do Estado de São Paulo, uma com plantas de 4 anos e outra com plantas de 12 anos de idade. Para estudo da agregação da população nas plantas, foram utilizados os seguintes índices de dispersão: razão variância/média (I), índice de Morisita (Id), coeficiente de Green (Cx) e expoente k da distribuição binomial negativa para cada amostragem. A distribuição binomial negativa foi o modelo mais adequado para representar a distribuição espacial do psilídeo na cultura de citros, tanto para ninfas como para adultos. Através da análise destes índices, verificou-se que, na maioria das amostragens, as ninfas encontradas nas brotações e os adultos capturados nas armadilhas apresentaram distribuição agregada. Foram desenvolvidos planos de amostragem seqüencial para ninfas e adultos em região com e sem HLB, e os números máximos de amostras esperados para se tomar a decisão foram de 264 e 83 para ninfas, em regiões com e sem a doença, e de 184 e 150 amostras para adultos, em regiões com e sem a doença. / The psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is one of the most important pests of citrus, mostly because of plant damage due to transmission of the bacterium that causes Huanglongbing (HLB) or Greening disease. The experiment was carried out in 2 sweet orange orchards with previous HLB occurrence in Matão (central region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil), in plants with 4 and 12 years of age, in order to study the spatial distribution of nymphs and adults of this pest. The following dispersion indices were used to study pest aggregation in the citrus plants: variance/mean relationship (I), index of Morisita (Id), coefficient of Green (Cx), and the k exponent of negative binomial distribution for each sampling. The negative binomial distribution was the most representative spatial distribution of this psyllid in citrus, for both nymphs and adults. The analysis of these indices showed that, for most samplings, psyllid nymphs found in branches and adults caught in traps presented an aggregated distribution. Sequential sampling plans were developed for nymphs and adults in regions with and without HLB, and the maximum number of samples for decision making was 264 and 83 samples for nymphs in regions with and without the disease, and, 184 and 150 samples for adults, in regions with and without the disease, respectively.

Submitted by VANESSA MAYARA SOUZA PAMPLONA null (vanessamayara2@gmail.com) on 2016-09-09T14:00:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Vanessa_Pamplona.pdf: 1565961 bytes, checksum: 36b48450f73889636210b65bf6b35995 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-09-13T13:01:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pamplona_vms_dr_jabo.pdf: 1565961 bytes, checksum: 36b48450f73889636210b65bf6b35995 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-13T13:01:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pamplona_vms_dr_jabo.pdf: 1565961 bytes, checksum: 36b48450f73889636210b65bf6b35995 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Rhynchophorus palmarum (Linnaeus, 1758) é uma das mais importantes pragas da palma de óleo (Elaeis guineenses Jacq.) devido ao seu significativo impacto econômico, principalmente por ser vetor do nematoide Bursaphelenchus cocophilus (Cobb, 1919) causador da doença Anel vermelho. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar a dinâmica populacional de adultos de R. palmarum na cultura da palma de óleo, determinar a distribuição espacial de machos, fêmeas e total e elaborar um plano de amostragem sequencial. O experimento foi conduzido em três áreas do Grupo Agropalma S/A durante o período de janeiro de 2014 a maio de 2015, com amostragens realizadas quinzenalmente, onde foram utilizadas armadilhas do tipo balde, tendo como isca atrativa toletes de cana-de-açúcar e feromônio de agregação rincoforol, visando a captura dos insetos adultos. Foram construídos gráficos para estudar a dinâmica populacional de R. palmarum associada a dados meteorológicos, sendo que a influência dos fatores meteorológicos sobre a população dos insetos foi analisada por meio do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Para o estudo da dispersão foram calculados os seguintes índices de dispersão: razão variância/média (I), índice de Morisita (Iδ), coeficiente de Green (Cx), expoente k da distribuição binomial negativa, lei da potência de Taylor e estimativa do expoente k comum para cada data de amostragem. Para o estudo do padrão espacial de R. palmarum foram realizados os testes de ajuste às distribuições de Poisson e binomial negativa. Foi elaborado um plano de amostragem sequencial para o total de insetos com base no Teste Sequencial da Razão da Máxima Verossimilhança, com o nível de controle de 2,5 insetos por armadilha. Dentre os principais resultados pode-se observar que não houve correlação significativa entre os fatores meteorológicos e o total de R. palmarum. A distribuição espacial da praga apresentou agregação, sendo o modelo de distribuição binomial negativa o mais adequado para representar a distribuição espacial de machos, fêmeas e total de insetos. No plano de amostragem sequencial para adultos de R. palmarum, o número máximo esperado de unidades amostrais, para a tomada de decisão em relação ao controle da praga, encontra-se em torno de 27 armadilhas. / Rhynchophorus palmarum (Linnaeus, 1758) is one of the most important pests of the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) due to its significant economic impact, mainly because of the nematode vector Bursaphelenchus cocophilus (Cobb, 1919) that causes “red ring” disease. The aim of the present work was to study the population dynamics of adult R. palmarum in oil palm cultivation, determine the spatial distribution the population, including the same determination with respect to males and females and, in addition, elaborate a sequential sampling plan. The experiment was conducted in three areas of Agropalma Group S/A from January 2014 to May 2015, employing bi-weekly samplings. Bucket traps baited with sugarcane stems and the aggregation pheromone Rhynchophorol were used with the objective of capturing adult insects. Additionally, correlative graphics were used to study the population dynamics of R. palmarum associated with meteorological data. The influence of the meteorological factors on insects’ population was analyzed using Pearson’s coefficient of correlation. For the dispersion study, the following indices of dispersion were calculated: variance/ mean relationship (I), Morisita’s index (Iδ), Green’s coefficient (Cx), k exponent of negative binomial distribution, Taylor's power law and an estimation of the common exponent k for each sample. To study the spatial pattern of R. palmarum, tests of adjustment were done to the Poisson and negative binomial distributions. A sequential sampling plan was elaborated for the total number of insects based on the Sequential Likelihood Ratio Test with a level of control of 2.5 insects per trap. The main findings conclude that there was no significant correlation between the meteorological factors and the total number of R. palmarum. The spatial distribution of the pests showed aggregation; with the negative binomial distribution being the most suitable model to represent the spatial distribution of males, females, and total insects. In the sequential sampling plan for R. palmarum adults, the highest expected number of sample units for decision-making in relation to the pests control was approximately 27 traps.

Orientador: Arício Xavier Linhares / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T01:31:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernandes_FernandaRodrigues_D.pdf: 1975248 bytes, checksum: d23780751c399131a44ca6f88c69adb5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Parasitismo é considerado uma interação interespecífica antagonística, em que uma espécie (parasito) vive dentro ou sobre outra espécie (hospedeiro), obtendo dela parte de, ou todos seus nutrientes e em geral, causa algum grau de injúria à espécie hospedeira. Por um processo coevolutivo, os artrópodes parasitos desenvolveram mecanismos para aumentar sua aptidão explorando seus hospedeiros mamíferos, por outro lado, estes se esforçam para maximizar sua própria aptidão, minimizando o efeito negativo da infestação por parasitos. Devido muitos padrões da ecologia dos parasitos estarem intimamente ligados à ecologia do hospedeiro, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a influência do sexo, tamanho corporal e local de ocorrência dos hospedeiros na abundância de ectoparasitos, bem como, a influência da filogenia e sobreposição geográfica dos hospedeiros na similaridade de fauna de ectoparasitos. Os principais resultados obtidos foram: 1. A abundância de ectoparasitos Anoplura em Oligoryzomys nigripes é influenciada pelo sexo e local de ocorrência do hospedeiro; 2. A abundância de ectoparasitos Acari (Mesostigmata) em Oligoryzomys nigripes é influenciada pela massa corporal do hospedeiro; 3. As similaridades das faunas de ectoparasitos estão correlacionadas com a filogenia dos hospedeiros / Abstract: Parasitism is considered an antagonistic interspecific interaction where one species (the parasite) lives in or on another species (the host) obtaining part of or all of its nutrients and normally causing some degree of injury to the host. Through the coevolutionary process, arthropod parasites have developed mechanisms to increase their fitness by exploiting their mammalian hosts, on the other hand, the hosts strive to maximize its own fitness by minimizing negative effects of infestation by parasites. Because many patterns of parasite ecology is intimately related to the ecology of the host, this study aimed to investigate the influence of host sex, body size and locality in ectoparasite abundance, as well as, the influence of phylogeny and geographical overlap of the hosts in ectoparasite fauna similarity. The main results are: 1. The abundance of Anoplura ectoparasites on Oligoryzomys nigripes is influenced by host sex and locality; 2. The abundance of Acari (Mesostigmata) ectoparasites on Oligoryzomys nigripes is influenced by host body mass; 3. The similarities of ectoparasite fauna is correlated with host phylogeny / Doutorado / Doutor em Ecologia

In introductory statistics courses, the concept of power is usually presented in the context of testing hypotheses about the population mean. We instead propose an exercise that uses a binomial probability table to introduce the idea of power in the context of testing a population proportion.