Plusieurs fabricants de biscuits et gâteaux français se sont engagés à mettre sur le marché des produits de meilleure qualité nutritionnelle. Ce travail de thèse a eu pour objectif de déterminer si cette amélioration de la qualité nutritionnelle était compatible avec le maintien de la qualité sensorielle. La première étude portait sur l’impact des réductions en lipides et/ou en sucres sur l’appréciation et la perception sensorielle de neuf catégories de biscuits et gâteaux. Les résultats montrent que les enfants perçoivent peu de différences et apprécient généralement autant les variantes réduites que les variantes standards. Pour les produits réduits sans ajout de polyols, les adultes déprécient principalement les variantes qui sont perçues moins sucrées et parfois également moins grasses et/ou différentes d’un point de vue textural. De plus, les réductions en sucres sont plus perceptibles que les réductions en lipides et à taux de réduction proches, les produits réduits en lipides sont moins dépréciés que ceux réduits en sucres. Les produits réduits avec ajout de polyols ne sont pas dépréciés et ne sont pas tous perçus moins sucrés.La deuxième étude s’est intéressée à deux leviers pour faire mieux accepter les produits réduits en lipides ou sucres. En exposant quasi-quotidiennement des consommateurs à des biscuits réduits d’environ 30 % en lipides ou en sucres, l’appréciation de ces produits augmente après un mois, mais davantage pour les lipides. En revanche, une exposition progressive ne montre pas d’effet sur un mois. Par ailleurs, une allégation nutritionnelle indiquant une réduction ne semble pas être un levier pour l’appréciation de biscuits et gâteaux réduits en lipides ou sucres / French biscuit producers are willing to improve the nutritional composition of their products. The objective of this work was to determine whether it was possible while maintaining the sensory quality of the reduced product.The first study dealt with the impact of fat and sugar reduction on liking and sensory perception of 9 types of biscuits and cakes. Results show that children perceived almost no difference and liked equally the standard and the fat- and/or sugar-reduced variants for most types of biscuits. For products reduced without adding polyols, adults less liked fat- or sugar-reduced variants than standard ones mainly when they were perceived as less sweet, and to a lesser extent as less fatty and/or as different in terms of textural aspects. Furthermore, a reduction in fat content was more difficult to perceive than a reduction in sugar content. With similar levels of reduction, fat-reduced products were less disliked than sugar-reduced ones. Sugar-reduced biscuits with an addition of polyols were not disliked and some of them were not perceived as less sweet than standard biscuits.The second study was about two strategies to promote consumer acceptance for fat- or sugar-reduced products. On the one hand, some consumers were exposed almost daily to -30 % fat- or sugar-reduced biscuits. After a month of exposure, reduced variants were more appreciated than before exposure, but it was more significant for fat reduction. On the other hand, no difference of liking was observed after a month of stepwise exposure. Besides, a nutritional claim indicating the fat or sugar reduction does not seem to be efficient to increase liking for fat- or sugar-reduced biscuits and cakes

The tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus) has attracted a lot of unsubstantiated health claims, yet there is a dearth of research investigation within Ghana specifically in the area of food product development. This study addresses the development of ‘functional bread and biscuit’ from tiger nuts obtained from UK market (Spain). The chemical constituents; carbohydrate, lipid, protein, dietary minerals and antioxidants, the functional properties of three varieties of tiger nuts obtained from Ghana (black and brown), Cameroon (yellow) and UK market (Spain) (brown) were investigated using standard analytical methods as well as the blood glucose response of healthy adults who consumed the developed bread. Tiger nuts were found to be good sources of carbohydrate (51-82g/100g) and lipids (21-37g/100g). The dietary fibre components ranged between 18, 1, 19 and 19g/100g for IDF, SDFP, HMWDF, and ITDF respectively, while the available carbohydrate as sugars were 45, 0.5 and 5g/100g for glucose, maltose and xylose respectively. Minerals that were found to be inherent to the crop were; potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, iron, zinc and selenium and do not depend on place of origin. The following ratios for Sodium/Potassium 0.04, Calcium/Phosphorus 0.13 and Calcium/Magnesium 0.28 were obtained. Tiger nuts had TPC ≥ 134GAE per g, DPPH and stability index of 0.9-8.7mmol/litre and 3- 4 respectively. In conclusion the tiger nuts originating from different geographical locations were good sources of health giving minerals and had diversity of physical properties and chemical constituents which could inform future research in the functional food industry. Tiger nut could be added to the Ghana food basket and the product developed from it could be a potential functional food because of its effect on glucose response and phytochemical contents. It could again be used to replace artificial antioxidants (BHA or BHT) which are used in the food industry to inhibit lipid and protein oxidation especially the black variety.

Submitted by Fabielle Cheuczuk (fabielle.cheuczuk@unioeste.br) on 2017-09-04T14:50:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Adriano_Costa_Lacerda_2017.pdf: 1793358 bytes, checksum: 3aba2f4ed90a9fccd99fc22624776f08 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-04T14:50:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Adriano_Costa_Lacerda_2017.pdf: 1793358 bytes, checksum: 3aba2f4ed90a9fccd99fc22624776f08 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Starting in 1990, a new scenario emerges, both for triticale production and for the wheat derivatives industry in Brazil. The results of the challenges posed to the sector have led the biscuit and pasta industry to restructure, achieving a significant growth in sales in the last two decades, both the expansion of consumption in the domestic market and the expansion of supply through diversification and Product differentiation. This sector also had an increase in sales to the foreign market, especially since 2003, a period in which it has increased its exports. This work seeks to understand the transformations that occurred in the agribusiness manufacturing Chain, emphasizing the biscuit and pasta industry in Brazil. In view of the proposal, we sought to identify and analyze the main factors that, since the 1930s, have played a role in the development of the sector and its recent restructuring and have impacted on the spatial dynamics, both productive and markets. To that end, it is considered as an element of the multiple determinations present in this research: the state, political and institutional changes, wheat production, changes in the pattern of income consumption in society, business strategies in the sector, mergers and acquisitions, Expansion of the domestic market and exports. / A partir de 1990, surge um novo cenário, tanto para a produção tritícola, quanto para a indústria de derivados de trigo no Brasil. Os resultados dos desafios impostos ao setor levaram a indústria de biscoitos e massas alimentícias a se reestruturar, atingindo um crescimento expressivo em vendas nas últimas duas décadas, rebatimento, tanto, da ampliação do consumo no mercado interno, quanto da expansão da oferta via diversificação e diferenciação de produtos. Este setor contou ainda com a ampliação das vendas para o mercado externo, sobretudo a partir de 2003, período no qual apresenta crescimento quanto suas exportações. Este trabalho busca a compreensão das transformações ocorridas na Cadeia Agroindustrial Tritícola, dando ênfase à indústria de biscoitos e massas alimentícias no Brasil. Diante do proposto buscou-se identificar e analisar os principais fatores que, a partir da década de 1930, atuaram no desenvolvimento do setor e de sua reestruturação recente e impactaram sobre a dinâmica espacial, tanto produtiva, quanto de seus mercados. Considera-se para tanto, como elemento das múltiplas determinações presentes nesta pesquisa: o Estado, as mudanças políticas e institucionais, produção agrícola de trigo, as alterações no padrão de consumo e renda da sociedade, às estratégias empresariais do setor, fusões e aquisições, ampliação do mercado interno e as exportações.

Orientador: Caroline Joy Steel / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T12:10:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Penteado_AlessandraAfonsoTeixeira_M.pdf: 973579 bytes, checksum: 53ad98f08de44e474e99931a80129f8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Após as crescentes divulgações na mídia dos malefícios à saúde causados pela ingestão de gorduras trans e a Resolução RDC 360, de 23 de dezembro de 2003, que estabelece a obrigatoriedade de declaração dos níveis de gordura trans nos rótulos dos alimentos industrializados, nota-se uma crescente demanda por produtos sem ácidos graxos trans (¿low trans¿). O objetivo principal deste projeto foi aplicar a tecnologia de Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNAs) para a obtenção de blends de gorduras ¿low trans¿ derivadas de soja e avaliar seu desempenho quando aplicados no processamento de biscoitos laminados tipo Maria. Para tal, foram utilizadas duas bases de gorduras interesterificadas de soja (B1 e B2) e óleo de soja e, como características para definição do blend final foram utilizados os parâmetros de ponto de fusão e curva de sólidos das gorduras comerciais low trans e hidrogenada. Para a produção dos biscoitos, foram selecionados quatro blends de acordo com o menor erro apresentado pela RNA. Óleo de soja, gorduras comerciais low trans e hidrogenada de soja, foram utilizadas para comparação, bem como uma formulação sem adição de gordura. Todas as gorduras foram caracterizadas quanto aos índices de acidez, peróxido e iodo, composição em ácidos graxos e triacilgliceróis, ponto de fusão e curva de sólidos. Os blends foram caracterizados quanto ao ponto de fusão e curva de sólidos. Os biscoitos tiveram condições de processamento idênticas e diferenças de maquinabilidade da massa foram avaliadas. Após a produção dos biscoitos em escala laboratorial, os mesmos foram analisados quanto às suas características tecnológicas e físico-químicas (massa, dimensões, expansão, crescimento horizontal e vertical, cor instrumental, textura instrumental, atividade de água, gradiente de umidade, teor de umidade, teor de lipídios). Também foi realizado um acompanhamento mensal dos biscoitos por um período de quatro meses, analisando cor instrumental, textura instrumental, atividade de água, umidade e porcentagem de quebra/fissura. Os resultados mostraram que a gordura é fundamental para boa maquinabilidade, textura e umidade final dos biscoitos e ao longo do shelf- life estudado. Os biscoitos produzidos com os blends elaborados através da RNA, quando comparados com biscoitos produzidos com gorduras comerciais low trans e hidrogenada, não apresentaram alterações significativas nos parâmetros de processo/maquinabilidade e análises físico-químicas do produto final e ao longo de quatro meses de estocagem, sendo que o blend composto por 46% da base interesterificada de soja (B2) e 54% de óleo de soja, apresentou melhor performance. Assim, este estudo permite afirmar que através da RNA foi possível desenvolver gorduras para aplicação em biscoitos laminados que sejam low trans, derivadas de soja e com menor teor de saturados que as atuais gorduras comerciais. Portanto, representando uma vantagem para saúde do consumidor, otimizando tempo de formulação de gorduras, e possibilitando a obtenção de uma matéria prima para produção de biscoitos com maior disponibilidade no mercado brasileiro e a custos mais acessíveis / Abstract: After growing media disclosures of the health hazards caused by trans fats intake, and the RDC 360, 23 December 2003, establishing the mandatory declaration of trans fat levels on the labels of processed foods, a growing demand for products without trans fatty acids (¿low trans¿) has been noted. But the big challenge is getting ¿low trans¿ with the same functional and sensory properties of hydrogenated fats. The main objective of this project was to applied the technology of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to obtain fat blends derived from soy (low trans) and evaluate this performance when applied in the processing of rolled biscuits. To this end, was used two sets of soy interesterified fats (B1 e B2) and soybean oil and, as characteristics to define the blend, the parameters used were the melting point and the solid fat curve of the commercial fats low trans and hydrogenated. For the production of biscuits, four blends were selected according to the smallest ANN error. Soybean oil, commercial fats low trans and hydrogenated, were used for comparison as well as a fat-free formulation. All fats were characterized by acid value, peroxide and iodine index, fatty acid and triacylglycerols composition, melting point and solid fat curve. The biscuits had identical processing conditions and differences in machinability of the dough were evaluated. After biscuits production on a laboratory scale, they were analyzed in their technological and physicochemical characteristics (mass, size, expansion, horizontal and vertical growth, instrumental color, instrumental texture, water activity, moisture gradient, moisture and lipids value). Also, was carried out a monthly monitoring on the biscuits in a period of four months analyzing instrumental color, instrumental texture, water activity, moisture value and percentage of breakage/cracking biscuits. The results showed that fat is essential for a machinability, texture and moisture content in final biscuits and along the storage studied. The biscuits produced with the low trans blends prepared by the ANN, compared with the biscuits made with the commercial fatty low trans and hydrogenated, showed no significant changes in process/machinabilility parameters and physicalchemical analysis of the final products and over the four moth storage, and that the blend composed of 46% of the interesterified soybean (B2) and 54% soybean oil, had a better performance. Thus this study do suggest that through Artificial Neural Network was possible to develop low trans fats derived from soybean and less saturated fat than current commercial fats, for use in biscuits, representing a benefit for the consumer health, an operational and financial advantage, optimizing time of fats formulation, while enabling the obtains a raw material for biscuits production with Brasilian greater market availability and so, more affordable costs / Mestrado / Tecnologia de Alimentos / Mestre em Tecnologia de Alimentos

El presente estudio de prefactibilidad tiene como objetivo principal establecer y demostrar la viabilidad de mercado, tecnológica, económica y financiera para la instalación de una planta de elaboración de galletas enriquecidas con harina de algarroba (Prosopis Pallida) para consumo masivo; ofreciendo un producto cuya ventaja competitiva se basa en la diferenciación del producto, resaltando las principales características nutricionales de la harina de algarroba / The present prefeasibility study has as its main objective to establish and demonstrate the commercial, technological, economic and financial viability for the installation of a production plant of cookies enriched with carob flour (Prosopis Pallida) for mass consumption; offering a product with a competitive advantage based on product differentiation, highlighting the main nutritional characteristics of the carob flour. / Trabajo de investigación

The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze a purchasing behavior of consumers in the market of biscuits and wafers, find specifics and map out the usage of sales channels. The first part focuses on the theoretical apparatus that helps to understand consumers' predispositions, lifestyle and purchasing decision process in general. The second part concentrates on biscuits and wafers and the current situation. The third practical part deals with the results of marketing research of consumers in biscuits and wafers category.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:22:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Janaina Pereira.pdf: 781786 bytes, checksum: b3c5556878ceb315e8986893961a68f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-14 / The cassava bagasse, subproduct of the processing of the cassava starch, has been used mainly as animal feed. The main characteristic is to present high moisture content when in natura, starch content and dietary fiber. This study aimed to characterize the cassava starch physical and chemically, cassava bagasse in natura and cassava bagasse dehydrated and the biscuits formulated with different proportions of cassava bagasse dehydrated, with an sensorial biscuits analysis. Made, previous, the dehydration of cassava meal, then has been elaborated some biscuits formulas with concentrations of cassava from 0% (BP), 2% (BF2), 4% (BF4) 6% (BF6) and 8% (BF8), instead of cassava starch. The biscuits were analyzed for their preference, acceptability, physical and chemical characteristics and microbial quality. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, Tukey test at 5% level of significance. The cassava starch presented content (90.65 g 100 g-1), carbohydrate (89,34 g 100 g-1) and zinc (0.88 g 100 g-1) and, lower ash content ( 0.13 g 100 g-1), acidity (1.01 mL of 0.1 NaOH 100 g-1), acid factor (0.28 mL of hydrochloric acid), phosphorus (45.00 g 100 g-1) , potassium (786.67 g 100 g-1) and calcium (200 g 100 g-1). The in natura cassava meal showed high levels of moisture (85.60 g 100 g-1). The cassava bagasse dehydrated showed high starch content (75,04 g 100 g-1), dietary fiber (60.27 g 100 g-1), phosphorus (64.00 g 100 g-1), calcium (500.00 g 100 g-1), magnesium (200 g 100 g-1) and manganese (4.00 g 100 g-1) and, reduced lipid content (4.49 g 100 g-1) and ash (1.98 g 100 g-1). The dietary fiber content and color of the biscuits increased with the addition of cassava bagasse dehydrated on the formulation, and the dietary fiber content ranged from 5.47 g 100 g-1 to 11.40 g 100 g-1. The specific volume of the biscuits decreased with the increasing of increment of cassava bagasse dehydrated in the formulation. There was no significant difference between the biscuits, as the preference. The biscuits had good acceptability for taste and appearance and microbiological quality according to the standards required by legislation. It is concluded that cassava biscuits made with cassava meal is a dried product with good nutritional potential and good acceptability. / O farelo de mandioca, subproduto do processamento da fécula de mandioca, vem sendo usado, principalmente, na alimentação animal. Entre suas principais características destaca-se o elevado teor de umidade, quando in natura, o teor de amido e o conteúdo de fibras alimentares. Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar físico e quimicamente a fécula de mandioca, o farelo de mandioca in natura e desidratado e os biscoitos de polvilho, formulados com diferentes proporções de farelo de mandioca desidratado, bem como analisá-los sensorialmente. Realizou-se, previamente, a desidratação do farelo de mandioca, em seguida elaborou-se formulações de biscoitos com concentrações deste de 0% (BP), 2% (BF2), 4% (BF4), 6% (BF6) e 8% (BF8), em substituição à fécula de mandioca. Os biscoitos foram analisados quanto à preferência, aceitabilidade, características físicas e químicas e qualidade microbiológica. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de variância, teste de Tukey, em nível de 5% de significância. A fécula de mandioca apresentou teor de amido de 90,65 g 100 g-1, carboidrato 89,34 g 100 g-1, zinco 0,88 g 100 g-1, teor de cinzas de 0,13 g 100 g-1, acidez de 1,01 mL de NaOH 0,1 100 g-1, fator ácido 0,28 mL de ácido clorídrico, fósforo 45,00 g 100 g-1, potássio 786,67 g 100 g-1 e cálcio 200 g 100 g-1. O farelo de mandioca in natura apresentou elevado teor de umidade (85,60 g 100 g-1). O farelo de mandioca desidratado apresentou elevado teor de amido (75,04 g 100 g-1), fibra alimentar (60,28 g 100 g-1), fósforo (64,00 g 100 g-1), cálcio (500,00 g 100 g-1), magnésio (200 g 100 g-1) e manganês (4,00 g 100 g-1) e reduzido teor de lipídio (4,49 g 100 g-1) e cinzas (1,98 g 100 g-1). O teor de fibra alimentar e a cor dos biscoitos aumentaram, significativamente, com a adição do farelo de mandioca desidratado nas formulações, sendo que o teor de fibra alimentar variou de 5,47 g 100 g-1 a 11,40 g 100 g-1. O volume específico dos biscoitos diminuiu com o aumento de incremento de farelo de mandioca desidratado na formulação. Não houve diferença significativa entre os biscoitos, quanto à preferência. Os biscoitos apresentaram boa aceitabilidade para aparência e sabor e qualidade microbiológica, estando de acordo com os padrões exigidos pela legislação. Conclui-se que biscoitos de polvilho elaborados com farelo de mandioca desidratado, constituem um produto com bom potencial nutricional e de boa aceitabilidade.

The main objective of the diploma thesis is to determine the perception of the Kolonáda brand by young people and how to become relevant for them. This would not be possible without specific knowledge of the whole market and without knowledge regarding the segments of biscuits and wafers consumers. The market segmentation is based on MML-TGI data collected by the research agency Median, five segments are revealed. I have also implemented my own questionnaire research on a sample of 480 respondents aged up to 34 years including. Based on the results of the practical part, recommendations for the Kolonáda brand are proposed -- how to become more relevant for the young consumers and stay attractive for the current consumers.

L'obiettivo principale di questo progetto è quello di trovare diverse soluzioni per migliorare le caratteristiche tecnologiche, sensoriali, di sostenibilità e nutrizionali dei prodotti da forno. Come campione sono stati scelti i biscotti perché ampiamente consumati e rappresentano una buona fonte energetica, nonostante l'elevato contenuto di zuccheri e grassi. Sono state studiate diverse strategie. 1. Produzione di una farina funzionale grazie al condizionamento enzimatico del grano per ottenere una farina intera con una migliore qualità tecnologica e un migliore profilo nutrizionale. 3. Sostituzione dell'olio di palma con un ingrediente grasso più sostenibile e più sano, come l'olio extravergine di oliva, l'olio di vinaccioli, rispetto all'olio di girasole, ampiamente utilizzato. 3. Arricchimento con diversi ingredienti funzionali: a. proteine del siero di latte: l'idrolisi enzimatica è stata studiata come strategia per ottenere ingredienti proteici adatti a produrre biscotti; b. fibre: diverse fibre, principalmente derivate da sottoprodotti, sono state testate per valutare il loro potenziale ruolo come ingredienti funzionali per migliorare la consistenza e la stabilità ossidativa dei biscotti; c. estratto di buccia d'uva di scarto: la tecnologia di stampa 3D è stata utilizzata per ridurre l'effetto termico del processo di cottura sull'attività antiossidante di un estratto incapsulato aggiunto ai biscotti. / The main objective of this Ph.D. project was to find different solutions to improve the technological, sensorial, sustainability and nutritional characteristics of bakery products. Biscuits were used because of their characteristics: they are widely consumed and they are a good energy source, despite the high content in sugars and fats. Different strategies were investigated. 1. Production of a functional flour thanks to enzymatic conditioning of the wheat to obtain a whole flour with both better technological quality and improved nutritional profile for dietetic fibre composition and antioxidant compounds. 2. Substitution of palm oil with a more sustainable and healthier fat ingredient, such as extra virgin oil, grape seeds oil, in comparison with the widely used, sunflower oil. 3. Enrichment with different functional ingredients: a. whey proteins: enzymatic hydrolysis was investigated as a strategy to get protein ingredients suitable to produce acceptable high proteins biscuits; b. fibers: different fibres, mainly derived from by-products, were tested to evaluate their potential role as functional ingredients to improve texture and oxidative stability of biscuits; c. waste grape skins extract: 3D-printing technology was used to minimize the degradation effect of the baking process on antioxidant activity of an encapsulated grape-skin extract added to biscuits.

No description available.