The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of economically disadvantaged, Black students attending predominantly White, elite private boarding schools. Data were collected utilizing semi-structured interviews with 9 participants, with each interview lasting approximately 90 minutes. The recursive method of data collection and analysis was informed by six steps outlined by Creswell (1998), as well as Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) methods (Hill, Thompson, & Williams, 1997). Findings revealed 9 themes associated with participants' experiences: classroom experiences, value of Black peer networks, caught between two worlds, racial perceptions, desire to connect with people of all races, socioeconomic challenges, living away from home challenges, impact of peers on level of success, and significance of relationships with Black faculty. Practice and research implications for Black students attending private school, as well as for private school faculty and administrators, are discussed.

Black/African American alumni from Ohio State University in Columbus, OH are collective subjects in this research. The study has sought to discern and explicate the behaviors, experiences and attitudes of former Black students, now alumni, to effectively privilege their voices and viewpoints, which were previously not included in the scholarship and literature of African American Studies or Higher Education about the historic 1960s and 1970s. Determining how alumni experienced the Black Student Movement at Ohio State during the 1960s and 1970s has been the principal objective. Black students’ experiences and motivations were very different than popular Black Student Movement discourse suggests. Findings indicate Black students’ organized social activist behavior persisted effectively and sufficiently to be considered an example of modern social movements, worthy of respect like other social movements which have helped improve human conditions not only for themselves, but also for others including non-Black students at traditionally white institutions.

The dissertation examines the Olympic Project for Human Rights (OPHR), a Black Power attempt to build a black boycott of the 1968 US Olympic team that ultimately culminated in the infamous Black Power fists protest at the 1968 Olympics. The work challenges the historiography, which concludes that the OPHR was a failure because most black Olympic-caliber athletes participated in the 1968 games, by demonstrating that the foremost purpose of the OPHR was to raise public awareness of “institutionalized racism,” the accumulation of poverty and structural and cultural racism that continued to denigrate black life following landmark 1960s civil rights legislation. Additionally, the dissertation demonstrates that activist black athletes of the era were also protesting the lack of agency and discrimination traditionally forced upon blacks in integrated, yet white-controlled sports institutions. The dissertation argues that such movements for “dignity and humanity,” as progressive black activists of the 1960s termed it, were a significant component of the Black Power movement. The dissertation also examines the proliferation of the social belief that the accomplishments of blacks in white-controlled sports fostered black advancement and argues that the belief has origins in post-Reconstruction traditional black uplift ideology, which suggested that blacks who demonstrated “character” and “manliness” improved whites’ images of blacks, thus advancing the race. OPHR activists argued that the belief, axiomatic by 1968, was the foremost obstacle to attracting support for a black Olympic boycott. The manuscript concludes with a discussion of the competing meaning and representations of Smith and Carlos’s protest at the Olympics.

In this thesis, I consider the ways in which classroom teachers develop critical consciousness and implement it within their pedagogy in the context of effectively teaching Black students to achieve academic success. The process of critical consciousness is complex and is mainly studied outside of teacher education. The findings of this thesis fall into three main themes: self-awareness; analysis of power; and inquiry of assumptions. The research also demonstrates that the spirituality of the teacher is an important contributing factor in one’s transformation. With this work, the hope is that teacher education programs dialogue about the importance of critical consciousness, and integrate it into the recipe that makes up “quality teaching” so that all students can have the opportunity to succeed in an equitable schooling environment.

Minority status stress, which is the stress Black college students experience at predominantly White institutions (PWIs) as a result of their racial minority status, has been found to negatively impact their persistence in college. Two manuscripts were developed for this dissertation. The first is a critical literature review which establishes the relationship of minority status stress, persistence, and leadership values within psychological and higher educational scholarship of Black students at PWIs. The paper seeks to clarify the connection between the aforementioned variables as it relates to the Black student experience at PWIs. As minority status stress causes a threat to Black student persistence, leadership conceptualized using the values or the Cs of the Social Change Model of Leadership Development (SCM) were introduced as coping methods Black students have used to increase their persistence and minimize the negative effects of minority status stress. The second article is a quantitative study examining the relationship of minority status stress and persistence employing the Cs of the SCM as mediators in a sample of 340 Black college students. Results indicated that none of the Cs of the SCM fully mediated the relationship between minority status stress and persistence when employed as composite scores. However, when the six individual factors of minority status stress (environmental stressors, race-related stressors, racial-identity stressors, intrapersonal and interpersonal stressors, achievement-related stressors, and minority status stressors) and the 5 factors of persistence (academic and intellectual development, faculty concerns for student development and teaching, interactions with faculty, institutional and goal commitments, and peer group interactions) were employed in a series of multiple mediation analyses with the Cs of the SCM as mediators, there were several instances of full mediation by the Consciousness of Self, Citizenship, and Change values. The findings emphasized the importance of these three values in conceptualizing Black student leadership at PWIs and in understanding the role of leadership in Black student persistence in lieu of minority status stress. Suggestions for future research, implications, and recommendations for student affairs practitioners, other student services providers, faculty, and staff are discussed.

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-02T18:42:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) miriam_rodrigues_guedes_alkmim.pdf: 1754850 bytes, checksum: cd719103e4697a9d2f89a81989434ce8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-05-04T16:18:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) miriam_rodrigues_guedes_alkmim.pdf: 1754850 bytes, checksum: cd719103e4697a9d2f89a81989434ce8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T16:18:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) miriam_rodrigues_guedes_alkmim.pdf: 1754850 bytes, checksum: cd719103e4697a9d2f89a81989434ce8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / A pol?tica afirmativa de cotas, ou reserva de vagas, ? considerada uma das mais importantes conquistas dos brasileiros nos ?ltimos anos, dada seu car?ter de amadurecimento rumo a um futuro democr?tico e de igualdade para todos. Diante de reflex?es sobre a finalidade desta pol?tica de a??o afirmativa, sobretudo dos impactos advindos desta lei, ? que surgiu o interesse em analisar o perfil do aluno cotista negro, oriundo de escola p?blica no contexto do Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Norte de Minas Gerais (IFNMG - Campus Janu?ria). A relev?ncia do estudo pode ser percebida por sua atualidade, considerando que a pol?tica de cotas tem se revelado um tema pol?mico e de grande repercuss?o social. Esse trabalho justifica-se em raz?o de possibilitar uma an?lise acerca dos reflexos que a pol?tica de cotas pode proporcionar ? vida dos estudantes negros do curso T?cnico em Agropecu?ria do IFNMG - Campus Janu?ria. Objetivou-se por meio do estudo proposto, delinear o perfil social e a trajet?ria deste aluno cotista negro, oriundo de escola p?blica, bem como desenvolver uma an?lise da pol?tica de a??o afirmativa para o negro, incorporando a pol?tica de cotas como uma medida reparat?ria, compensat?ria e/ou preventiva que busca corrigir uma situa??o de discrimina??o e desigualdade infringida a este grupo. Busca-se ainda discutir os impactos da pol?tica de cotas no ingresso desses alunos, ap?s implanta??o da Lei n? 12.711 de 29 de agosto de 2012. A metodologia utilizada para a obten??o dos resultados deste trabalho ? marcadamente qualitativa, tendo sido escolhido como m?todo principal a pesquisa oral atrav?s de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A pesquisa permitiu depreender uma an?lise institucional da pol?tica de cotas focada nos aspectos de implanta??o, processos de releituras e operacionaliza??o da lei. Al?m disso, o estudo revelou que o programa de cotas tem favorecido a entrada de estudantes com perfil diversificado, posto que composto pelos diversos segmentos da sociedade. Atrav?s das narrativas, os entrevistados reconhecem que a ado??o da lei de cotas representou um ineg?vel avan?o em rela??o ? democratiza??o do ensino para os grupos historicamente exclu?dos, sobretudo negros e pobres, e contribuiu para o fortalecimento da identidade negra desses indiv?duos. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Educa??o, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / The affirmative policy of quotas, or reservation of vacancies, is considered one of the most important achievements of Brazilians in recent years, given its maturing character towards a democratic and equitable future for all. In light of reflections on the purpose of this affirmative action policy, and especially the impacts arising from this law, the interest arose in analyzing the profile of the black students, from a public school in the context of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the North of Minas Gerais (IFNMG - Campus Janu?ria). The relevance of the study can be perceived by its timeliness, considering that the quota policy has proved to be a polemic subject and of great social repercussion. This work is justified because it allows an analysis of the reflexes that the quota policy can provide to the life of the black students of the Agricultural Technical Course of the IFNMG - Campus Janu?ria. The objective of this study was to delineate the social profile and trajectory of this black student, from a public school, as well as to develop an affirmative action policy analysis for blacks, incorporating the quota policy as a reparatory measure, compensatory and / or preventive action that seeks to correct a situation of discrimination and inequality that has been inflicted on this group. It also seeks to discuss the impacts of the quota policy on the entry of these students, after the implementation of Law 12.711 of August 29, 2012. The methodology used to obtain the results of this work is markedly qualitative, with oral research being chosen as the main method through semi-structured interviews. The research allowed to understand an institutional analysis of the quota policy focused on aspects of implementation, processes of re-reading and operationalization of the law. In addition, the study revealed that the quota program has favored the entry of students with a diversified profile, since it is composed of the various segments of society. Through the narratives, the interviewees recognize that the adoption of the quota law represented an undeniable advance in the democratization of education for historically excluded groups, especially blacks and poor people, and contributed to the strengthening of the black identity of these individuals.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-05-31Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:44:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 nunes_aac_dr_mar.pdf: 1244161 bytes, checksum: 9f935d80052eb603005b252cc8b32db7 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Unidade Ffc / O presente estudo trata sobre as cotas para negros na Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Desta forma, o objetivo geral é investigar como a Universidade Federal do Maranhão desenvolve o sistema de cotas para negros. Como objetivos específicos, foram: identificar as concepções sobre políticas de ação afirmativa e sistema de cotas para negros por parte dos gestores selecionados; apreender o sentido político do sistema de cotas pela UFMA; averiguar se a ideologia da meritocracia tem ressonância nos resultados dos rendimentos acadêmicos dos estudantes selecionados na pesquisa. A organização da pesquisa está estrututada da seguinte forma: no primeiro momento, fizemos um histórico das políticas de ação afirmativa nos Estados Unidos da América e no Brasil. O motivo da seleção dos EUA em descrever o referido histórico se deve ao fato que as experiências de ações afirmativas para negros no Brasil tomam como referência fática as experiências norte-americanas. Em seguida, descrevemos sobre o sistema de cotas para negros no Brasil. Para isso, mostramos como se desenvolveram e se desenvolvem as cotas em algumas universidades públicas brasileiras (federais e estaduais); e logo após, desenvolvemos uma fundamentação jurídica acerca da legalidade das cotas étnicoraciais; no segundo momento, desenvolvemos a parte empírica da pesquisa, na qual primeiramente fizemos uma retrospectiva histórica sobre a Universidade Federal do Maranhão, cujo objetivo foi de situá-la no contexto de um lugar que sofre as influências e influencia as ações sociais do mundo moderno. Em continuidade, fizemos também um histórico do sistema de cotas na UFMA. Como derivação do histórico, desenvolvemos nossas análises e interpretações das entrevistas dos diferentes gestores da UFMA... / The present study deals with quotas for blacks at the Federal University of Maranhão. Thus, the overall goal is to investigate how the Federal University of Maranhão develops a quota system for blacks. Specific objectives were: to identify the conceptions of affirmative action and quota system for blacks by managers selected; grasp the political meaning of the quota system by UFMA; ascertain whether the ideology of meritocracy has resonance in the results of academic performance students selected in the survey. The research organization is estrututada as follows: at first, did a history of affirmative action policies in the United States of America and Brazil. The reason for the selection of U.S. history in describing the above is due to the fact that the experiences of affirmative action for blacks in Brazil take as reference the experiences phatic U.S.. Then, we describe about the system of quotas for blacks in Brazil. For this, we show how they developed and develop quotas in some Brazilian public universities (federal and state), and soon after, developed a legal reasoning about the legality of racial-ethnic quotas, in the second stage, developed from empirical research in which first made a historical retrospective on the Federal University of Maranhão, whose objective was to situate it in the context of a place that suffers the influences and social influences the actions of the modern world. Continuing, we have also a history of the quota system in UFMA. As a derivation of the historical develop our analysis and interpretations of the interviews of the different managers UFMA on the quota system for blacks. Finally, we made a discussion of meritocracy with the results of the income of students who entered by the quota system, and black public school, and universal. The research subjects selected... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Sonia Aparecida Alem Marrach / Banca: Dagoberto Buim Arena: / Banca: Stela Miller / Banca: Ilma Vieira do Nascimento / Banca: Rosane da Silva Borges / Resumo: O presente estudo trata sobre as cotas para negros na Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Desta forma, o objetivo geral é investigar como a Universidade Federal do Maranhão desenvolve o sistema de cotas para negros. Como objetivos específicos, foram: identificar as concepções sobre políticas de ação afirmativa e sistema de cotas para negros por parte dos gestores selecionados; apreender o sentido político do sistema de cotas pela UFMA; averiguar se a ideologia da meritocracia tem ressonância nos resultados dos rendimentos acadêmicos dos estudantes selecionados na pesquisa. A organização da pesquisa está estrututada da seguinte forma: no primeiro momento, fizemos um histórico das políticas de ação afirmativa nos Estados Unidos da América e no Brasil. O motivo da seleção dos EUA em descrever o referido histórico se deve ao fato que as experiências de ações afirmativas para negros no Brasil tomam como referência fática as experiências norte-americanas. Em seguida, descrevemos sobre o sistema de cotas para negros no Brasil. Para isso, mostramos como se desenvolveram e se desenvolvem as cotas em algumas universidades públicas brasileiras (federais e estaduais); e logo após, desenvolvemos uma fundamentação jurídica acerca da legalidade das cotas étnicoraciais; no segundo momento, desenvolvemos a parte empírica da pesquisa, na qual primeiramente fizemos uma retrospectiva histórica sobre a Universidade Federal do Maranhão, cujo objetivo foi de situá-la no contexto de um lugar que sofre as influências e influencia as ações sociais do mundo moderno. Em continuidade, fizemos também um histórico do sistema de cotas na UFMA. Como derivação do histórico, desenvolvemos nossas análises e interpretações das entrevistas dos diferentes gestores da UFMA... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The present study deals with quotas for blacks at the Federal University of Maranhão. Thus, the overall goal is to investigate how the Federal University of Maranhão develops a quota system for blacks. Specific objectives were: to identify the conceptions of affirmative action and quota system for blacks by managers selected; grasp the political meaning of the quota system by UFMA; ascertain whether the ideology of meritocracy has resonance in the results of academic performance students selected in the survey. The research organization is estrututada as follows: at first, did a history of affirmative action policies in the United States of America and Brazil. The reason for the selection of U.S. history in describing the above is due to the fact that the experiences of affirmative action for blacks in Brazil take as reference the experiences phatic U.S.. Then, we describe about the system of quotas for blacks in Brazil. For this, we show how they developed and develop quotas in some Brazilian public universities (federal and state), and soon after, developed a legal reasoning about the legality of racial-ethnic quotas, in the second stage, developed from empirical research in which first made a historical retrospective on the Federal University of Maranhão, whose objective was to situate it in the context of a place that suffers the influences and social influences the actions of the modern world. Continuing, we have also a history of the quota system in UFMA. As a derivation of the historical develop our analysis and interpretations of the interviews of the different managers UFMA on the quota system for blacks. Finally, we made a discussion of meritocracy with the results of the income of students who entered by the quota system, and black public school, and universal. The research subjects selected... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Black students, in general, are underserved academically (Darling-Hammond, 2000; Townsend, 2002) and overrepresented in special education (Donovan & Cross, 2002). Black students with disabilities are further overrepresented in more restrictive educational environments (Skiba, Poloni-Staudinger, Gallini, Simmons & Feggins-Azziz, 2006). Although the National Longitudinal Transition Study 2 (NLTS2) revealed that the academic performance of students with learning disabilities is positively related to the percentage of courses taken in the general education setting (Newman, 2006), the research specifically on placement of Black students with disabilities, particularly at the secondary level, as it relates to academic achievement is lacking. While previous studies have sought to determine which placement is better for students with disabilities, no study was found that specifically examined the impact of placement specific to Black students with specific learning disabilities (SLD) in urban settings (Fore, III, Hagan-Burke, Burke, Boon & Smith, 2008; Rea, McLaughlin & Walther-Thomas, 2002). This study examined educational placement, instructional best practices, and achievement gains of Black students with SLD in urban secondary settings using an ex post facto research design. Achievement, placement, and demographic data were collected and analyzed on approximately 314 Black eighth grade students with SLD. The Teacher Instructional Practices Survey was developed and used to collect and analyze data from the teachers of 78 of these students as it relates to instructional best practices. Results indicate no significant difference in reading but a significant difference in math gains of students served in inclusive settings as compared to resource settings with a small effect size. Also, no significant relationship was found between achievement gains and the reported use of instructional best practices. However, there was a relationship between educational placement and the use of instructional best practices. The results implied that there is a need for training with both general and special education teachers on instructional best practices for SWD and that there should be certain IEP team considerations when making placement decisions for this population of students with disabilities. It is recommended that future research in this area include classroom observations and factors other than test scores to measure growth in achievement.

This study was to explore the relationship between race of interviewer, cultural mistrust level and type of problem upon black students' ratings of an initial interview. It was hypothesized that the combination of interviewer's race, mistrust level and the type of problem discussed would significantly influence students' ratings of the interviewer. Initially, 12 4 black students were administered the Cultural Mistrust Inventory (CMI). Based upon CMI scores, participants were divided into groups of high and low cultural mistrust. Next, half of these participants were interviewed by one of five white interviewers and the remainder were interviewed by one of five black interviewers. Within each of these groups, half of the participants were asked to discuss problems with their racial identity and the others were asked to discuss their vocational aspirations. After the session, each subject rated the interviewer on the Counselor Evaluation Inventory, Counselor Rating Form and Counselor Effectiveness Rating Scale.