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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

A novel, non-apoptotic role for Scythe/BAT3: a functional switch between the pro- and anti-proliferative roles of p21 during the cell cycle.

Yong, ST, Wang, XF January 2012 (has links)
BACKGROUND: Scythe/BAT3 is a member of the BAG protein family whose role in apoptosis has been extensively studied. However, since the developmental defects observed in Bat3-null mouse embryos cannot be explained solely by defects in apoptosis, we investigated whether BAT3 is also involved in cell-cycle progression. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using a stable-inducible Bat3-knockdown cellular system, we demonstrated that reduced BAT3 protein level causes a delay in both G1/S transition and G2/M progression. Concurrent with these changes in cell-cycle progression, we observed a reduction in the turnover and phosphorylation of the CDK inhibitor p21, which is best known as an inhibitor of DNA replication; however, phosphorylated p21 has also been shown to promote G2/M progression. Our findings indicate that in Bat3-knockdown cells, p21 continues to be synthesized during cell-cycle phases that do not normally require p21, resulting in p21 protein accumulation and a subsequent delay in cell-cycle progression. Finally, we showed that BAT3 co-localizes with p21 during the cell cycle and is required for the translocation of p21 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus during the G1/S transition and G2/M progression. CONCLUSION: Our study reveals a novel, non-apoptotic role for BAT3 in cell-cycle regulation. By maintaining a low p21 protein level during the G1/S transition, BAT3 counteracts the inhibitory effect of p21 on DNA replication and thus enables the cells to progress from G1 to S phase. Conversely, during G2/M progression, BAT3 facilitates p21 phosphorylation by cyclin A/Cdk2, an event required for G2/M progression. BAT3 modulates these pro- and anti-proliferative roles of p21 at least in part by regulating cyclin A abundance, as well as p21 translocation between the cytoplasm and the nucleus to ensure that it functions in the appropriate intracellular compartment during each phase of the cell cycle. / Dissertation
22

Análise molecular dos genes CAPN3 e FKRP em pacientes com distrofia muscular tipo cinturas / Molecular analysis of the CAPN3 and FKRP genes in patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy

Silva, Francisco Marcos Alencar da 12 September 2016 (has links)
Introdução: As distrofias musculares de cinturas (limb-girdle muscular dystrophies - LGMD) são causadas por mutações em uma grande variedade de genes que codificam proteínas musculares, podendo ser herdadas de forma autossômica dominante ou recessiva. O diagnóstico é feito tanto através de exame de biópsia muscular que mostra um padrão histológico distrófico ao lado de deficiência específica de proteínas musculares quanto por estudo genético. Em alguns subtipos de LGMD não é possível fazer o diagnóstico específico pela biópsia muscular, tais como na deficiência da calpaína-3 (CAPN3) e da proteína relacionada a fukutina (FKRP). Nestes casos, portanto, o exame molecular é de grande valor para a confirmação do diagnóstico. Objetivos: Analisar os genes CAPN3 e FKRP em pacientes com diagnóstico histológico de LGMD e verificar a expressão proteica da CAPN3 nesses pacientes, correlacionando com as mutações identificadas e com o quadro clínico e histológico dos mesmos. Resultados: Fizeram parte deste estudo 36 pacientes com LGMD provenientes do ambulatório de miopatias do HC-FMUSP em que a biópsia muscular não identificou deficiência de distrofina, disferlina, caveolina-3 e sarcoglicanas. Destes, nove (25%) foram diagnosticados com LGMD2A, seis (17%) com LGMD2I e em 21 (58%) não foi possível identificar o subtipo específico. Foram encontradas mutações patogênicas no gene CAPN3 em oito pacientes, sendo em homozigose em dois casos, heterozigose composta em cinco casos e em heterozigose em um caso. Em um caso o diagnóstico de LGMD2A foi realizado baseado apenas na análise da expressão da proteína CAPN3 no tecido muscular. Em seis pacientes foram identificadas mutações patogênicas no FKRP, sendo em homozigose em cinco casos e em heterozigose em um caso. A maioria dos pacientes com LGMD2I (cinco casos) apresentava a mutação c.826C > A. Foi observada ausência total ou parcial da expressão da CAPN3 em pacientes com LGMD2A. Conclusões: O presente estudo mostrou que mutações nos genes CAPN3 e FKRP são frequentes em pacientes com diagnóstico clínico e histológico de LGMD. A análise da expressão da CAPN3 se mostrou como uma importante ferramenta no diagnóstico da LGMD2A / Introduction: The Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophies (LGMD) are caused by mutations on a wide variety of genes that encode muscular proteins which can be inherited in dominant or recessive autosomal forms. The diagnosis is made either by genetic study or by muscle biopsy which shows a dystrophic histologic pattern with specific deficiency of muscular proteins. On some LGMD subtypes such as calpain-3 (CAPN3) and fukutin related protein (FKRP) deficiencies it is not possible to make a specific diagnosis by muscle biopsy. In these cases, the molecular exam is of great value to confirm the diagnosis. Objectives: Analyze the CAPN3 and FKRP genes in patients with histological diagnoses of LGMD, and verify the protein expression of CAPN3 on these patients correlating it with the identified mutations and their clinical and histological pattern. Results: Thirty-six patients with LGMD, where the muscular biopsy did not identify deficiency of dystrophin, dysferlin, caveolin-3 and sarcoglycans, from the Muscle Ambulatory of HC-FMUSP took part in this study. Of these, nine (25%) were diagnosed with LGMD2A, six (17%) with LGMD2I, and on 21 of them (58%), it was not possible to identify the specific subtype. Pathogenic mutations on CAPN3 were found in eight patients, being homozygous in two cases, compound heterozygous in five cases and heterozygous in one case. The diagnosis of LGMD2A in one patient was done based exclusively by CAPN3 protein analysis on the muscle tissue. Pathogenic mutations on FKRP were found in six patients, being homozygous in five cases and heterozygous in one case. Most of the patients with LGMD2I (five cases) presented the mutation c.826C > A. It was observed total or partial absence of the CAPN3 expression in patients with LGMD2A. Conclusions: The study showed that mutations on CAPN3 and FKRP are frequent in patients with clinical and histological diagnosis of LGMD. The CAPN3 expression analysis proved as an important tool in the LGMD2A diagnosis
23

Análise molecular dos genes CAPN3 e FKRP em pacientes com distrofia muscular tipo cinturas / Molecular analysis of the CAPN3 and FKRP genes in patients with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy

Francisco Marcos Alencar da Silva 12 September 2016 (has links)
Introdução: As distrofias musculares de cinturas (limb-girdle muscular dystrophies - LGMD) são causadas por mutações em uma grande variedade de genes que codificam proteínas musculares, podendo ser herdadas de forma autossômica dominante ou recessiva. O diagnóstico é feito tanto através de exame de biópsia muscular que mostra um padrão histológico distrófico ao lado de deficiência específica de proteínas musculares quanto por estudo genético. Em alguns subtipos de LGMD não é possível fazer o diagnóstico específico pela biópsia muscular, tais como na deficiência da calpaína-3 (CAPN3) e da proteína relacionada a fukutina (FKRP). Nestes casos, portanto, o exame molecular é de grande valor para a confirmação do diagnóstico. Objetivos: Analisar os genes CAPN3 e FKRP em pacientes com diagnóstico histológico de LGMD e verificar a expressão proteica da CAPN3 nesses pacientes, correlacionando com as mutações identificadas e com o quadro clínico e histológico dos mesmos. Resultados: Fizeram parte deste estudo 36 pacientes com LGMD provenientes do ambulatório de miopatias do HC-FMUSP em que a biópsia muscular não identificou deficiência de distrofina, disferlina, caveolina-3 e sarcoglicanas. Destes, nove (25%) foram diagnosticados com LGMD2A, seis (17%) com LGMD2I e em 21 (58%) não foi possível identificar o subtipo específico. Foram encontradas mutações patogênicas no gene CAPN3 em oito pacientes, sendo em homozigose em dois casos, heterozigose composta em cinco casos e em heterozigose em um caso. Em um caso o diagnóstico de LGMD2A foi realizado baseado apenas na análise da expressão da proteína CAPN3 no tecido muscular. Em seis pacientes foram identificadas mutações patogênicas no FKRP, sendo em homozigose em cinco casos e em heterozigose em um caso. A maioria dos pacientes com LGMD2I (cinco casos) apresentava a mutação c.826C > A. Foi observada ausência total ou parcial da expressão da CAPN3 em pacientes com LGMD2A. Conclusões: O presente estudo mostrou que mutações nos genes CAPN3 e FKRP são frequentes em pacientes com diagnóstico clínico e histológico de LGMD. A análise da expressão da CAPN3 se mostrou como uma importante ferramenta no diagnóstico da LGMD2A / Introduction: The Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophies (LGMD) are caused by mutations on a wide variety of genes that encode muscular proteins which can be inherited in dominant or recessive autosomal forms. The diagnosis is made either by genetic study or by muscle biopsy which shows a dystrophic histologic pattern with specific deficiency of muscular proteins. On some LGMD subtypes such as calpain-3 (CAPN3) and fukutin related protein (FKRP) deficiencies it is not possible to make a specific diagnosis by muscle biopsy. In these cases, the molecular exam is of great value to confirm the diagnosis. Objectives: Analyze the CAPN3 and FKRP genes in patients with histological diagnoses of LGMD, and verify the protein expression of CAPN3 on these patients correlating it with the identified mutations and their clinical and histological pattern. Results: Thirty-six patients with LGMD, where the muscular biopsy did not identify deficiency of dystrophin, dysferlin, caveolin-3 and sarcoglycans, from the Muscle Ambulatory of HC-FMUSP took part in this study. Of these, nine (25%) were diagnosed with LGMD2A, six (17%) with LGMD2I, and on 21 of them (58%), it was not possible to identify the specific subtype. Pathogenic mutations on CAPN3 were found in eight patients, being homozygous in two cases, compound heterozygous in five cases and heterozygous in one case. The diagnosis of LGMD2A in one patient was done based exclusively by CAPN3 protein analysis on the muscle tissue. Pathogenic mutations on FKRP were found in six patients, being homozygous in five cases and heterozygous in one case. Most of the patients with LGMD2I (five cases) presented the mutation c.826C > A. It was observed total or partial absence of the CAPN3 expression in patients with LGMD2A. Conclusions: The study showed that mutations on CAPN3 and FKRP are frequent in patients with clinical and histological diagnosis of LGMD. The CAPN3 expression analysis proved as an important tool in the LGMD2A diagnosis
24

Agonist-induced PKC phosphorylation regulates GluK2 SUMOylation and kainate receptor endocytosis

Konopacki, F.A., Jaafari, N., Rocca, D.L., Wilkinson, K.A., Chamberlain, S.E., Rubin, P., Kantamneni, Sriharsha, Mellor, J.R., Henley, J.M. January 2011 (has links)
No / The surface expression and regulated endocytosis of kainate (KA) receptors (KARs) plays a critical role in neuronal function. PKC can modulate KAR trafficking, but the sites of action and molecular consequences have not been fully characterized. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification of the KAR subunit GluK2 mediates agonist-evoked internalization, but how KAR activation leads to GluK2 SUMOylation is unclear. Here we show that KA stimulation causes rapid phosphorylation of GluK2 by PKC, and that PKC activation increases GluK2 SUMOylation both in vitro and in neurons. The intracellular C-terminal domain of GluK2 contains two predicted PKC phosphorylation sites, S846 and S868, both of which are phosphorylated in response to KA. Phosphomimetic mutagenesis of S868 increased GluK2 SUMOylation, and mutation of S868 to a nonphosphorylatable alanine prevented KA-induced SUMOylation and endocytosis in neurons. Infusion of SUMO-1 dramatically reduced KAR-mediated currents in HEK293 cells expressing WT GluK2 or nonphosphorylatable S846A mutant, but had no effect on currents mediated by the S868A mutant. These data demonstrate that agonist activation of GluK2 promotes PKC-dependent phosphorylation of S846 and S868, but that only S868 phosphorylation is required to enhance GluK2 SUMOylation and promote endocytosis. Thus, direct phosphorylation by PKC and GluK2 SUMOylation are intimately linked in regulating the surface expression and function of GluK2-containing KARs.
25

Melanin transfer in human skin cells is mediated by filopodia--a model for homotypic and heterotypic lysosome-related organelle transfer

Singh, Suman K., Kurfurst, R., Nizard, C., Schnebert, S., Perrier, E., Tobin, Desmond J. January 2010 (has links)
Transfer of the melanocyte-specific and lysosome-related organelle, the melanosome, from melanocytes to keratinocytes is crucial for the protection of the skin against harmful ultraviolet radiation (UVR)--our main physiological cutaneous stressor. However, this commonplace event remains a most enigmatic process despite several early hypotheses. Recently, we and others have proposed a role for filopodia in melanin transfer, although conclusive experimental proof remained elusive. Using known filopodial markers (MyoX/Cdc42) and the filopodial disrupter, low-dose cytochalasin-B, we demonstrate here a requirement for filopodia in melanosome transfer from melanocytes to keratinocytes and also, unexpectedly, between keratinocytes. Melanin distribution throughout the skin represents the key phenotypic event in skin pigmentation. Melanocyte filopodia were also necessary for UVR-stimulated melanosome transfer, as this was also inhibited by MyoX knockdown and low-dose cytochalasin-B. Knockdown of keratinocyte MyoX protein, in its capacity as a phagocytosis effector, resulted in the inhibition of melanin uptake by keratinocytes. This indicates a central role for phagocytosis by keratinocytes of melanocyte filopodia. In summary, we propose a new model for the regulation of pigmentation in human skin cells under both constitutive and facultative (post-UVR) conditions, which we call the "filopodial-phagocytosis model." This model also provides a unique and highly accessible way to study lysosome-related organelle movement between mammalian cells.
26

"Diagnóstico da doença de Chagas em bancos de sangue: linfoproliferação, detecção de anticorpos e estudo epidemiológico em indivíduos com provas sorológicas inconclusivas" / Diagnostic of Chagas disease in blood banks: lymphoproliferation, antibodies detection and epidemiological data in individuals with inconclusive serology

Yamamoto, Celia Regina Furucho 27 March 2006 (has links)
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a contribuição de linfoproliferação (1 parâmetro) em associação a provas sorológicas de alto desempenho (4 parâmetros), estudo epidemiológico (1) e parasitológico (1) em indivíduos com sorologia convencional inconclusiva para a doença de Chagas. Mostramos que o diagnóstico de doença de Chagas é provável quando 3 ou mais desses parâmetros são positivos em 7 (15/73). A combinação: TESA-blot e linfoproliferação positivos revelou-se útil diante de antecedentes epidemiológicos positivos / This study aims to evaluate the contribution of lymphoproliferation (1 parameter) in association with high performance serological tests (4), epidemiological data (1) and parasitological tests (1) for Chagas disease in patients with inconclusive conventional serological tests. We showed that this diagnosis is probable in individuals presenting > three positive of these 7 parameters (15 of 73 individuals). The combination of TESA-blot, lymphoproliferation was useful when epidemiological data were positive
27

Distribuição do tipo de fibras musculares e sua correlação genotípica na doença de Pompe / Muscle fiber type distribution and genotype correlation in the Pompe disease

Matsunaga, Erika Midoli 27 February 2009 (has links)
A doença de Pompe (GSDII), autossômica recessiva, é causada pela deficiência da enzima lisossomal que degrada o glicogênio, -glucosidase ácida (GAA). O quadro clínico varia de acordo com a idade de início da doença, grau de progressão e envolvimento dos tecidos: predominantemente cardíaco e muscular esquelético na forma de início-precoce (FIP) e mais restrito no músculo esquelético na forma de início-tardio (FIT). A sobrevida média na FIP é de 9-12 meses. Com avanço dos métodos histológicos, histoquímicos e imunoistoquímicos intensificou-se a análise estrutural e funcional dos tipos de fibras musculares. O estudo da vascularização também é de importância pelo aporte nutricional e funcional das fibras. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a correlação da distribuição do tipo de fibras com a forma de apresentação clínica da doença de Pompe, seu genótipo correspondente e a quantidade residual da enzima GAA. Analisou-se 10 biópsias musculares de pacientes FIP e 09 de FIT comparados com o grupo controle, pareados por idade e gênero. Os pacientes foram selecionados segundo dados clínicos e laboratoriais, sendo feito o seqüenciamento de toda parte codificante do gene e Western Blotting (WB) com anticorpo monoclonal 15362-157, cedido pela Genzyme (primário 1:200 e secundário 1:10.000). A confirmação do diagnóstico foi feita através da medida da atividade residual de GAA em papel filtro, da presença de miopatia vacuolar com grânulos PAS e fosfatase ácida positivos em biópsia muscular e pela presença de mutação no gene GAA. A reação de imunoistoquímica foi realizada para fibras tipo I (lenta), tipo II (rápida) e densidade capilar (ulex), utilizando anticorpos monoclonais, respectivamente: antimiosina lenta (1:80), anti-miosina rápida (1:40) da Novocastra e ulex da Vector (1:800). A contagem das fibras foi realizada por 2 observadores em todo fragmento do corte transversal da biópsia com auxílio de um programa semi-automatizado. Observou-se predomínio de fibras tipo II em ambos os gêneros na FIP e predomínio de fibras tipo I em mulheres e tipo II em homens, na FIT. Aumento da densidade capilar, em comparação com os controles, foi notada em ambas as formas IP e IT. Verificou-se em média 90% de fibras vacuoladas nos casos FIP com completa distorção da arquitetura, enquanto na FIT, a porcentagem de fibras vacuoladas foi variável (0-88%). Como alguns genes constitutivos influenciam na distribuição das fibras musculares, como o gene ACE, o polimorfismo deste gene foi analisado quanto aos genótipos I/I, D/D e I/D. Observou-se ausência de concordância entre o genótipo do ACE e a distribuição de fibras em 60% dos casos da FIP e FIT, atribuindo-se o resultado da distribuição do tipo de fibras como parte da patologia da doença de Pompe. A gravidade da doença variou inversamente com a quantidade de enzima residual, sendo compatível com o quadro clínico do paciente. A presença de mutação deletéria em ambos os alelos foi observada em 3/10 casos de IP, sendo que todos os 3 casos apresentaram ausência total de enzima no WB. Há maior envolvimento de fibras tipo II em GSDII, sem depleção da microcirculação muscular. Estudos demonstram que a remoção do depósito de glicogênio ocorre diferencialmente nos tipos de fibra, sendo menos eficiente nas fibras tipo II. O achado do presente estudo poderá ter implicações na resposta à recente terapêutica proposta por reposição enzimática. / The glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII), autosomal recessive disorder, is caused by the deficiency of GAA (acid -glucosidase) a lysossomal enzyme that degrades the glycogen. The clinical findings are in accordance to great variability of age onset, degree of disease progression and extent of tissue involvement: predominantly cardiac and skeletal muscle in the infantile form (I) and more restricted to the skeletal muscle in the late-onset form (LO). The average survival time of the infantile form is 9-12 months. With advances of the histological, histochemical and imunohistochemical methods structural and functional analysis of muscle fiber types were intensified. The study of the capillary density is also important for nutritional and functional aspects. The objective of the present work is to analyze the correlations of the fiber type distribution to clinical presentation, genotype and residual GAA enzymatic activity. We analyzed 10 muscle biopsies of infantile and 09 of late-onset patients and compared to age and gender matched controls. The patients were selected according to clinical and laboratorial data, molecular diagnosis by full gene sequencing, and Western Blotting (WB) with monoclonal antibody 15362-157, courtesy Genzyme Science Group (primary 1:200 and secondary 1:10.000). Diagnostic confirmation was made by GAA enzymatic measurement in DBS, presence of vacuolar myopathy in muscle biopsy, and presence of mutation in GAA gene. The imunohistochemical study was carried out by detection of type I (slow), type II (fast) fibers and capillaries, using monoclonal antibodies, respectively: anti-slow myosin (1:80), anti-fast myosin (1:40) (Novocastra) and ulex (1:800) (Vector). Morphometry was performed by 2 observers using a half-automatized program. Type II fiber predominance was observed in both gender in the infantile form, type I fiber predominance in women and type II predominance in men with LO. Increase of the capillary density, in comparison to controls was noticed in both forms. 90% of vacuolated fibers with complete distortion of fiber architecture were demonstrated in I cases, while in LO, the percentage of vacuolated fibers ranged from 0 to 88%. As some constitutive gene, like ACE, influence muscle fiber distribution, its polymorphisms I/I, D/D and I/D gene were analyzed. Absence of agreement was observed between ACE genotype and fiber type distribution in 60% of I and LO cases, which was attributed as consequence of Pompe disease pathology itself. The disease severity varied inversely to the amount of residual GAA enzymatic activity, being compatible with the patient clinical findings. The presence of deleterious mutation in both alleles was observed in 3/10 infantile cases, and all 3 presented total enzyme absence at WB. A greater fiber type II involvement was observed in GSDII, without decrease in muscle capillary density. Recent studies demonstrated that glycogen deposit removal occurs distinctively in different fiber types, being less efficient in type II fibers. The present findings might have implications in the reply to the recent proposed enzyme replacement therapy.
28

Recombinant AAV gene therapy and delivery for Alzheimer's disease

Carty, Nikisha Christine. January 2009 (has links)
Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of South Florida, 2009. / Title from PDF of title page. Document formatted into pages; contains 193 pages. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.
29

"Diagnóstico da doença de Chagas em bancos de sangue: linfoproliferação, detecção de anticorpos e estudo epidemiológico em indivíduos com provas sorológicas inconclusivas" / Diagnostic of Chagas disease in blood banks: lymphoproliferation, antibodies detection and epidemiological data in individuals with inconclusive serology

Celia Regina Furucho Yamamoto 27 March 2006 (has links)
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a contribuição de linfoproliferação (1 parâmetro) em associação a provas sorológicas de alto desempenho (4 parâmetros), estudo epidemiológico (1) e parasitológico (1) em indivíduos com sorologia convencional inconclusiva para a doença de Chagas. Mostramos que o diagnóstico de doença de Chagas é provável quando 3 ou mais desses parâmetros são positivos em 7 (15/73). A combinação: TESA-blot e linfoproliferação positivos revelou-se útil diante de antecedentes epidemiológicos positivos / This study aims to evaluate the contribution of lymphoproliferation (1 parameter) in association with high performance serological tests (4), epidemiological data (1) and parasitological tests (1) for Chagas disease in patients with inconclusive conventional serological tests. We showed that this diagnosis is probable in individuals presenting > three positive of these 7 parameters (15 of 73 individuals). The combination of TESA-blot, lymphoproliferation was useful when epidemiological data were positive
30

Distribuição do tipo de fibras musculares e sua correlação genotípica na doença de Pompe / Muscle fiber type distribution and genotype correlation in the Pompe disease

Erika Midoli Matsunaga 27 February 2009 (has links)
A doença de Pompe (GSDII), autossômica recessiva, é causada pela deficiência da enzima lisossomal que degrada o glicogênio, -glucosidase ácida (GAA). O quadro clínico varia de acordo com a idade de início da doença, grau de progressão e envolvimento dos tecidos: predominantemente cardíaco e muscular esquelético na forma de início-precoce (FIP) e mais restrito no músculo esquelético na forma de início-tardio (FIT). A sobrevida média na FIP é de 9-12 meses. Com avanço dos métodos histológicos, histoquímicos e imunoistoquímicos intensificou-se a análise estrutural e funcional dos tipos de fibras musculares. O estudo da vascularização também é de importância pelo aporte nutricional e funcional das fibras. O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a correlação da distribuição do tipo de fibras com a forma de apresentação clínica da doença de Pompe, seu genótipo correspondente e a quantidade residual da enzima GAA. Analisou-se 10 biópsias musculares de pacientes FIP e 09 de FIT comparados com o grupo controle, pareados por idade e gênero. Os pacientes foram selecionados segundo dados clínicos e laboratoriais, sendo feito o seqüenciamento de toda parte codificante do gene e Western Blotting (WB) com anticorpo monoclonal 15362-157, cedido pela Genzyme (primário 1:200 e secundário 1:10.000). A confirmação do diagnóstico foi feita através da medida da atividade residual de GAA em papel filtro, da presença de miopatia vacuolar com grânulos PAS e fosfatase ácida positivos em biópsia muscular e pela presença de mutação no gene GAA. A reação de imunoistoquímica foi realizada para fibras tipo I (lenta), tipo II (rápida) e densidade capilar (ulex), utilizando anticorpos monoclonais, respectivamente: antimiosina lenta (1:80), anti-miosina rápida (1:40) da Novocastra e ulex da Vector (1:800). A contagem das fibras foi realizada por 2 observadores em todo fragmento do corte transversal da biópsia com auxílio de um programa semi-automatizado. Observou-se predomínio de fibras tipo II em ambos os gêneros na FIP e predomínio de fibras tipo I em mulheres e tipo II em homens, na FIT. Aumento da densidade capilar, em comparação com os controles, foi notada em ambas as formas IP e IT. Verificou-se em média 90% de fibras vacuoladas nos casos FIP com completa distorção da arquitetura, enquanto na FIT, a porcentagem de fibras vacuoladas foi variável (0-88%). Como alguns genes constitutivos influenciam na distribuição das fibras musculares, como o gene ACE, o polimorfismo deste gene foi analisado quanto aos genótipos I/I, D/D e I/D. Observou-se ausência de concordância entre o genótipo do ACE e a distribuição de fibras em 60% dos casos da FIP e FIT, atribuindo-se o resultado da distribuição do tipo de fibras como parte da patologia da doença de Pompe. A gravidade da doença variou inversamente com a quantidade de enzima residual, sendo compatível com o quadro clínico do paciente. A presença de mutação deletéria em ambos os alelos foi observada em 3/10 casos de IP, sendo que todos os 3 casos apresentaram ausência total de enzima no WB. Há maior envolvimento de fibras tipo II em GSDII, sem depleção da microcirculação muscular. Estudos demonstram que a remoção do depósito de glicogênio ocorre diferencialmente nos tipos de fibra, sendo menos eficiente nas fibras tipo II. O achado do presente estudo poderá ter implicações na resposta à recente terapêutica proposta por reposição enzimática. / The glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII), autosomal recessive disorder, is caused by the deficiency of GAA (acid -glucosidase) a lysossomal enzyme that degrades the glycogen. The clinical findings are in accordance to great variability of age onset, degree of disease progression and extent of tissue involvement: predominantly cardiac and skeletal muscle in the infantile form (I) and more restricted to the skeletal muscle in the late-onset form (LO). The average survival time of the infantile form is 9-12 months. With advances of the histological, histochemical and imunohistochemical methods structural and functional analysis of muscle fiber types were intensified. The study of the capillary density is also important for nutritional and functional aspects. The objective of the present work is to analyze the correlations of the fiber type distribution to clinical presentation, genotype and residual GAA enzymatic activity. We analyzed 10 muscle biopsies of infantile and 09 of late-onset patients and compared to age and gender matched controls. The patients were selected according to clinical and laboratorial data, molecular diagnosis by full gene sequencing, and Western Blotting (WB) with monoclonal antibody 15362-157, courtesy Genzyme Science Group (primary 1:200 and secondary 1:10.000). Diagnostic confirmation was made by GAA enzymatic measurement in DBS, presence of vacuolar myopathy in muscle biopsy, and presence of mutation in GAA gene. The imunohistochemical study was carried out by detection of type I (slow), type II (fast) fibers and capillaries, using monoclonal antibodies, respectively: anti-slow myosin (1:80), anti-fast myosin (1:40) (Novocastra) and ulex (1:800) (Vector). Morphometry was performed by 2 observers using a half-automatized program. Type II fiber predominance was observed in both gender in the infantile form, type I fiber predominance in women and type II predominance in men with LO. Increase of the capillary density, in comparison to controls was noticed in both forms. 90% of vacuolated fibers with complete distortion of fiber architecture were demonstrated in I cases, while in LO, the percentage of vacuolated fibers ranged from 0 to 88%. As some constitutive gene, like ACE, influence muscle fiber distribution, its polymorphisms I/I, D/D and I/D gene were analyzed. Absence of agreement was observed between ACE genotype and fiber type distribution in 60% of I and LO cases, which was attributed as consequence of Pompe disease pathology itself. The disease severity varied inversely to the amount of residual GAA enzymatic activity, being compatible with the patient clinical findings. The presence of deleterious mutation in both alleles was observed in 3/10 infantile cases, and all 3 presented total enzyme absence at WB. A greater fiber type II involvement was observed in GSDII, without decrease in muscle capillary density. Recent studies demonstrated that glycogen deposit removal occurs distinctively in different fiber types, being less efficient in type II fibers. The present findings might have implications in the reply to the recent proposed enzyme replacement therapy.

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