The dissertation thesis, Ornament in Nature, Science and Art, deals with the theme of ornaments in contemporary art, design and architecture. Individual chapters are dedicated to exploring nature and science as sources of inspiration for contemporary art. The chapter, Body and Ornament, is about ornaments for the human bodies and patterns created from the form of human bodies. Art creations by the author and her students make up an integral part of the main text. An individual chapter is dedicated to the Bodyornament project. Bodyornament is a project involving artistic, educational and research elements. Its primary body of work took place as an art performance in the Veletržní palace in Prague. Through the active participation of the students, patterns and ornaments made from their bodies were created. The process was documented by means of photography. The photographs together with the students' written reflections about the experience comprise the primary research documents. In this dissertation, these documents were analyzed and interpreted by using a combination of specific forms of qualitative research and art-based research. Our research model was based on three degree reflexive analysis according to Donald Schön. Through interpretation of the research results, thoughts of possible...

Cette recherche propose une réflexion sur la pertinence d’un « art –action » actuel, à partir d’une analyse d’actes pour l’art, caractérisés comme « hors limites », à travers une utilisation de la présence physique comme essence et support de l’art plastique, entreprise dès les années 1920 par Marcel Duchamp, et déclinée durant tout le vingtième siècle avec des mouvements artistiques tels Dada, le Happening, l’Actionnisme Viennois, ou l’Art Corporel.Nous étudions ici, aidés d’artistes performers choisis autour de quelques pratiques singulières de Albrecht Becker, Ron Athey et Lukas Zpira, les possibles limites d’actes artistiques, mettant en scène de façon extrême, à travers des performances jugées choquantes, agressives, incluant piercings, tatouages, osant parfois un art du malaise, se jouant des conventions, des tabous et des codes sociaux et culturels en place. Ainsi nous voyons s’il y a lieu, aujourd’hui, de parler encore d’actes artistiques politiques, militants, après l’âge d’or des années soixante-dix, parmi des nouvelles esthétiques du corps humain, celui-ci successivement « héros, sujet, matériau, objet, victime, écran » de cet art-action transgressif. Notre volonté est de saisir l’ambiguïté contenue dans la représentation, et toute la symbolique donnée à voir, par rapport à une première intention qui est une certaine déstructuration à la fois thématique et formelle dans les arts plastiques. La discussion est donc engagée sur l’authenticité et la pérennité de ces pratiques artistiques extrémistes, transgressives, manipulant le concept d’identité ou même la génétique, discussion aussi sur leur statut avant-gardiste dans l’histoire de « l’art pour l’art », concept porté par la modernité.Ce « hacking » du corps nous amène-t-il-alors vers un devenir post-humain virtuel, une seule existence dans les univers numériques ? Le corps est-il en perdition ou, paradoxalement l’ultime recours, sauvé par ces modifications douloureuses et radicales ? / This research proposes a reflection on the relevance of a "art -action" current, based on an analysis of the acts for the art, characterized as "off limits", through a use of the physical presence, such as origin and support of the visual art, begun in the 1920s by Marcel Duchamp, and declined throughout the twentieth century with artistic groups as Dada, the Happening, the Viennese Actionnism, or the Body Art.We study here, through artists performers selected around the singular practices of Albrecht Becker, Ron Athey and Lukas Zpira, the possible limits of artistic acts, staging in extreme way, through performances considered shocking, aggressive, including piercings, tattoos, daring an art of faintness sometimes, being played of conventions, the taboos and the social-cultural codes in place. Thus we see whether it is necessary, today, to still speak about artistic acts political, militant, after the golden age of the Seventies, through a choice among many new esthetics of the human body, successively “hero, subject, material, object, victim, screen” of this transgressive acting-art. Our will is to understand the ambiguity contained in the representation, and all the shown symbolic system, compared to a first intention which is disintegration both thematic and formal in the plastic arts. The discussion is thus about the authenticity and the survival of these artistic extremists and transgressive practices, treating the concept of identity or even the genetics, the discussion being also about their avant-gardist position in the history of “the art for art” brought by the modernity, position to be reconsidered in a society called post-modern.Do this “body- hacking” bring us then towards a future virtual human being, a single existence in the digital universes? Is the body lost or, paradoxically the ultimate recourse, saved by these painful and radical modifications?

Entre os anos de 1960 e 1978, diversos artistas europeus e norte-americanos recorreram em suas obras a práticas que remontam a antigos rituais de sacrifício religioso. Os documentos fotográficos e videográficos que restaram dessas ações chegam ao século XXI exercendo ainda, no encontro com as audiências do presente, uma notável performatividade que envolve a produção de rumores, sensacionalismos e mal-entendidos, mas também a produção de novas e novas performances do sacrifício. Esta tese propõe como ponto de partida metodológico uma arqueologia (Michel Foucault) da massa documental que envolve um nascimento da \"arte corporal\" na França e nos Estados Unidos entre as décadas de 1960 e 1970, afim de deslocar uma ontologia da performance (Peggy Phelan) que, ainda hoje, especialmente no âmbito dessas poéticas, evoca a noção de \"real\" para o centro das discussões que envolvem a relação entre documento e performance. Nesse sentido, a tese apresenta o conceito de monumento sacrificial: a imagem de um corpo sacrificado ou a imagem de um corpo sacrificante que exerce sobre o corpo histórico da performance art uma repetição, ao evocar esse \"real\" enquanto risco, asco, dor, morte, destruição, ferida que fere - sacrifício. Dividida em duas partes, a tese propõe como hipótese uma passagem, no âmbito de uma história primordial destas poéticas, do corpo sacrificante - corpo sob o signo do excesso - para o corpo sacrificado - corpo sob o signo do martírio -, ocorrida na virada dos anos de 1960 para 1970. O conceito de sacrifício, por sua vez, é aqui desenvolvido, de um lado, a partir dos escritos de Georges Bataille e da estranha posição que o escritor ocupa no curso de uma história das teorias do sacrifício religioso modernas; e de outro, a partir dos monumentos sacrificiais produzidos, na década de 1960, por quatro artistas austríacos associados ao chamado Acionismo de Viena. Acredito que a imaginação sacrificial de Bataille e os monumentos sacrificiais de Rudolf Schwarzkogler, Günter Brus, Hermann Nitsch e Otto Muehl propiciam um olhar crítico sobre as poéticas e as políticas do sacrifício ontem e hoje. / Between the years of 1960 and 1978, several European and American artists have employed in their works practices that go back to ancient rituals of religious sacrifice. The photographic and videographic documents that remain of these actions arrive at the 21st century still exerting, in the meeting with the audiences of the present, a remarkable performativity that involves the production of rumors, sensationalisms and misunderstandings, but also the production of new performances of sacrifice This thesis proposes as a methodological starting point an archeology (Michel Foucault) of the documentary mass that involves the birth of the \"body art\" in France and in the United States between the 1960s and 1970s, in order to displace an ontology of performance (Peggy Phelan) which, even today, especially in the context of these poetics, evokes the notion of \"real\" to the center of the discussions that involves the relationship between document and performance. In this sense, the thesis presents the concept of a sacrificial monument: the image of a sacrificed body or the imagem of a sacrificing body which exerts upon the historical body of performance art a repetition, evoking this \"real\" as risk, disgust, pain, death, destruction, a wound which hurts - sacrifice. Divided into two parts, the thesis proposes as a hypothesis a turn point, within a primordial history of these poetics, from the sacrificing body - body under the sign of excess - to the sacrificed body - body under the sign of martyrdom -, that occurred in the early 1970\'s. The concept of sacrifice, for its turn, is developed here, on the one hand, from the writings of Georges Bataille and the strange position that he occupies in the course of a history of theories of modern religious sacrifice; and on the other hand, the concept is developed from the sacrificial monuments produced in the 1960s by four Austrian artists associated with the so-called Viennese Actionism. I belive that Bataille\'s sacrificial imagination and the sacrificial monuments by Rudolf Schwarzkogler, Günter Brus, Hermann Nitsch and Otto Muehl provide a critical gaze on the poetics and politcs of sacrifice of the past and the present.

This essay examines the performance artworks Action Pants: Genital Panic (1969), Interior Scroll (1975) and S.O.S Starification Object Series (1974-82) by artists VALIE EXPORT, Carolee Schneemann and Hannah Wilke. The objective is to analyse the expressions of these artworks, from a theoretical viewpoint of feminist art-theoreticians and their critique regarding the female body in representation. Performance- and body-art have been the subject of discussion with respect to the female nude in the history of art, and the patriarchal structures that surround it. These eminent theories about the female body in art differ from one another, leaving this study to investigate given works and the explicit body-language that unites them, with the aim to identify a favourable representation of the female body in 1960sand 70s performance art with the vantage point of these artworks. The present essay has demonstrated that vaginal iconology exists in all works and can be presented in various ways. It becomes clear that the work of VALIE EXPORT provides a framework most suitable as a feminist, critical strategy to counteract the notion of the male gaze, framing, and representation of the body as commodity in capitalist-society. However, the works of Schneemann and Wilke, with more essentialist themes, can through ambiguity contribute to a positive representation of woman in representation. There is no simple answer to which way 2 of using the body is the most beneficial for feminism, however, a critical representation of the female body in performance and body art, in relation to the artists’ own intentions, creates positive ambiguity, thus these artworks do not only reinforce patriarchal conventions regarding the female body.

The theoretical part of the thesis should bring us into the issue followed by subsequent analysis and comparison of body modifications such as piercings, microdermal implants, tattoos and corsets in the socio-cultural discourse. The following section should be focused on the differences between ethnic cultures with respect to the issue outlined. The output of the practical part is based on theoretical knowledge, basic manual should be the final product, which would introduce the issue of deliberate physical transformation of the main points to the general public.

Submitted by Glauber Assunção Moreira (glauber.a.moreira@gmail.com) on 2018-08-24T16:53:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Emerson Almeida PPGAC 2015.pdf: 10306725 bytes, checksum: 2f3f53af78606022beae5445c26d2ae7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marly Santos (marly@ufba.br) on 2018-08-24T18:24:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Emerson Almeida PPGAC 2015.pdf: 10306725 bytes, checksum: 2f3f53af78606022beae5445c26d2ae7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T18:24:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Emerson Almeida PPGAC 2015.pdf: 10306725 bytes, checksum: 2f3f53af78606022beae5445c26d2ae7 (MD5) / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar e apresentar possibilidades que facilitem a consciência corporal do ator para o desempenho da cena, apoiando-se nos conceitos da anatomia e da cinesiologia. Parte-se do pressuposto de que o ator, ao conhecer a sua estrutura orgânica, estimula a sua percepção corporal e a consciência dos movimentos necessários à criação do papel. No campo das Artes Cênicas a pesquisa se apóia na ideia de proporcionar o treinamento do ator por meio de técnicas corporais que o levem a ampliar o conhecimento de si próprio para atingir prontidão necessária à encenação e tem como eixo o trabalho das ações físicas e como referências o Método das Ações Físicas de Stanislávski, o Teatro Laboratório de Grotowski e a Antropologia Teatral de Barba. Além das referências e cruzamentos teóricos a pesquisa é caracterizada como estudo de caso com enfoque descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, uma vez que discute e questiona, por meio de relatos de atores e experiências práticas realizadas em salas de ensaio, se a inserção de conteúdo relativo ao construto orgânico do ser humano no contexto da preparação corporal, sob o ponto de vista da anatomia e da cinesiologia, com o suporte do Pilates e da Reeducação Postural Global (RPG), pode propiciar o ator a acessar a consciência corporal no intuito de facilitar o processo de composição das ações físicas na construção de um papel. / This thesis aims to analyze and present possibilities to facilitate body awareness actor for the performance of the scene, leaning on the concepts of anatomy and kinesiology. It starts from the assumption that the actor, to know its structure, stimulates your body perception and awareness of movements needed to create the role. In the Performing Arts field the research is based on the idea of providing the actor's training through body techniques that lead to increase the knowledge of himself to achieve readiness needed for staging and its axis is the work of physical actions referenced by Method of Physical Actions of Stanislavsky, Grotowski Laboratory Theatre and the Theatrical Anthropology Barba. Beyond references and theorists cross the search, characterized as a case study with a descriptive and qualitative approach, discusses and questions, through reports of actors and practical experiments carried out in rehearsal rooms, if the inclusion of content related to organic construct the human body in the context of preparation, from the point of view of anatomy and kinesiology, with the support of Pilates and Global Postural Reeducation (RPG), may provide the actor to access the body awareness in order to facilitate the composition process of physical actions over the development of a scenario.

La recherche porte sur les relations entre les acteurs politiques et l’art subversif et leur positionnement face à des thèmes récurrents tels l’antisémitisme, l’oubli du passé, la condition de la femme, l’écologie. Partant des théories existantes sur les rapports entre l’art engagé et le politique, il s’agit d’étudier les œuvres de quatre artistes représentatifs à la fois de l’évolution des positions politiques et des techniques nouvelles à travers l’histoire de 1945 à nos jours, dans la IIe République d’Autriche : le sculpteur Alfred Hrdlicka, le peintre et architecte Friedensreich Hundertwasser, l’actionniste viennois Günter Brus, la féministe Valie Export. Ces artistes bousculent l’ordre établi à travers leur art agressif et leurs écrits. Le but est de définir la nature et le degré de leur protestation et de déterminer dans quelle mesure ils ont participé au débat démocratique et à la modernisation de la société autrichienne ainsi qu’à la construction identitaire de l’Autriche après 1945. / The research relates to the relation between the political actors and subversive art and their respective position on dominant themes such as anti-Semitism, the denial of the Nazi past, the status of women, ecology. From existing theories on relations between engaged art and politics, it is a question of studying the works of art of four artists representative on both policy statements and newer technologies through history from 1945 up to now, in the Second Republic of Austria : the sculptor Alfred Hrdlicka, the painter and architect Friedensreich Hundertwasser, the Viennese actionist Günter Brus, the feminist Valie Export. Each one, in his own way, shakes up the established order through his aggressive art and writings. The aim is to specify the type and level of protest of these artists and to assess to what extent they have participated in the democratic debate and modernisation within Austrian society as well as in the identity building of Austria after 1945.

The topic of this diploma thesis is the development and transformation of a collage which overlaps to non-traditional expression means and art techniques. The theoretical part deals with the change of a collage and its peripetials. It presents reflections on what still can be considered a collage, not only in terms of techniques with collages closely related (eg, assemblages, de-collage), but mainly in terms of the individual principles that allow to grasp collage as a concept and to observe it in various domains. The issue of a collage, examined in the theoretical part, is transformed into a thematic serie, which is presented in the form of didactic structures that were implemented in school practice and reflected by the teachers. The artistic part depicts an author's project using one of the presented collage principles - joining of individual components into the resulting whole. The project, among other things, deals with the question of whether it is possible to construct an identity of a certain place using visual records of different participants separate pages of the book. Key words: collage, assemblage, de-collage, montage, crumple technique, technique of stratification, cumulation, art object, installation, concept, body art, digital collage, net art, art education

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My diploma thesis is instalation, which elements are based on principales of ready-made. Documentation of living performance. Site-specific charakter, objects, and documents are common, that are one from of physical, psychical, and social injuries. Trought the installation and added text with its full range of form I am changing the discurse.