There are times when a confluence of events, individual talent, preparation and strategic timing all meet at the same point in time which result in a historic period on the larger scale of history. Such is the life and legacy of Carl F. H. Henry. Henry was born at a strategic time in the history of the Protestant church in the United States. He possessed and developed intellectual gifts that far surpassed most of his contemporaries. He also possessed an ability to be at the momentous shifts in Christian history in the United States. This study examines, in historical context, the surrounding circumstances and the developments from those circumstances that gave rise to “the dean of evangelical theologians,” Carl Henry. Henry burst onto the theological scene while the ambers were still burning from World War II. While the world was recovering from war, Protestantism, both in the U.S. and in Europe, was recovering from a battle of its own. In the United States, the conflict between liberals and conservatives had provided deep divides in the county’s denominations. With liberals having assumed seats of power in denominational structures and institutions of higher learning, the conservatives had withdrawn both culturally and theologically. Across Europe, two world wars within one generation had significantly damaged the cardinal doctrines of liberalism. In its place, came the rise of neo-orthodoxy. While on the surface the renewed emphasis on the Bible seemed to offer great promise, the philosophical underpinnings of neo-orthodoxy would soon erode the short lived hope that a return to the foundation of scriptural authority, as expressed by the Reformers, was in the making. It was into the this milieu that Carl Henry emerged onto the scene, with the publishing of The Uneasy Conscience of Modern Fundamentalism, as a major theological voice calling for a renunciation of the obscurantism of the fundamentalists, and a re-engagement with culture both in terms of social ministries and a renewed commitment to academic excellence. In addition to The Uneasy Conscience of Modern Fundamentalism, which received much more recognition that the preceding volume, Remaking the Modern Mind and then the later work, The Protestant Dilemma, these two books laid out the basic theological method that Henry would follow throughout his career resulting in his magnum opus, God, Revelation and Authority. It is here that evangelicalism finds its most definitive defense of biblical authority, inspiration and inerrancy, grounded in Henry’s theological methodology—revelational epistemology. In addition to Henry’s prodigious theological output, he was instrumental in changing the theological landscape in America. Having called for the re-engagement of the culture and the mind, Henry was pivotal in the forming of several key evangelical institutions. Henry actively took part in the founding of the NAE, ETS, Fuller Seminary and Christianity Today. Henry’s legacy is cemented in his ability to articulate and formulate viable contemporary expressions to fulfill the Great Commission. His contributions to the Kingdom of God are as monumental in their breadth and scope as the King he served. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Church History and Church Policy / unrestricted

Though the Danish composer, Carl Nielsen, has become familiar to most of us only through his symphonic output, he was a gifted composer of other genres including chamber music, keyboard music, concertos, vocal music, and lesser orchestral works. His music is well-known throughout Scandinavia, but has not received widespread recognition elsewhere, though much of it could be a valuable addition to the repertory of Western musicians. In view of this fact, the author will outline Nielsen's output and style with special emphasis on his violin music and its appropriateness for performance.

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This dissertation is a study of how the culture of sensibility was expressed in the everyday practices and social relations of the Gjörwell family. Headed by publicist, publisher and royal librarian Carl Christoffer Gjörwell (1731-1811), the Gjörwell family served as the centre of a wide circle of friends in late 18th-century Stockholm. Gjörwell has been regarded as one of the first Swedish representatives of 18th-century sensibility as well as an archetype of the Swedish cult of friendship. Due to his effusive emotional expressiveness and passionate friendships with other men, Gjörwell has largely been derided as effeminate by researchers from the 19th century onwards. Using theoretical perspectives from the field of the history of emotions (more concretely the perspectives of William Reddy, Barbara Rosenwein and Monique Scheer) this study centres on the emotional practices of the Gjörwell family, especially taking aspects of gender, class, sexuality and power into account. Gjörwell’s vast collection of family and friendship correspondence forms the empirical basis of this study. This study shows that the Gjörwell family and circle of friends in many ways could be regarded as an emotional community in which primarily emotions of happiness and joy are expressed. Furthermore, this study shows how the exercise of power could form part in the creation of an emotional community, as Gjörwell makes constant attempts to influence the way family members and friends manage their emotions, strongly dissuading them from the expression of melancholy. Although he has been viewed as effeminate by posterity, Gjörwell in fact regards himself as manly. This is due to his ability to remain joyful through adversities which testifies to his strong, and therefore manly, nervous organisation. This study thus further illustrates how a marked shift in masculine gender norms took place between the 18th and 19th centuries. This study also shows how expression of tender emotion could be a way of reinforcing personal status. This was due to the close association made between sensibility and virtue, in itself a central concept during this era. As Gjörwell is denied recognition in his professional life, the expression of tender emotion – and thus of virtue – becomes an important aspect of his personal life.

This master thesis deals with the vocal compositions of rudolfine composer and organist Carl Luython. In his collection Selectissimarum sacrarum cantionum ... fasciculus primus, published in 1603 by the Prague printer Georg Nigrin, there are 29 sacred motets. Despite the partial knowledge about Luython's motets in the existing musicological literature is provided, a new revised view with regard to new findings concerning the genre of the motet is required. The master thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the preserved copies of Sacrae cantiones and provides their description and the historical outline of the sources and their probable use. In the second chapter, the problems related to the function of the motet in the second half of the sixteenth century are discussed. The third chapter deals with the collection itself. Criteria for selecting the repertoire, its inner structure and content are considered, which are subsequently analyzed in more detail. The fourth chapter is composed of four case studies concerning the current problems of research. The first case is a motet O domus luminosa, the paraphrase of the Augustine text. In the second case, Luyton's relationship with the Corpus Christi brotherhood is pointed out by the motet Pange lingua. In the latter case the...

The primary consideration of this study is to show that Jeanne Hyvrard's work is "une litterature sacree" (a sacred literature). The author has chosen myths and symbolism from ancient mythology and from the Bible, and reinterprets these in order to fit feminine imagination. This reinterpretation testifies that she is undergoing an initiatory quest, which corresponds in Jungian terminology to the "individuation process". The first chapter concerns itself with the difficulty of using a methodological system to study a work which is, by definition, against systems. A Jungian approach, revised by a feminist archetypal theory, was chosen because of its emphasis on the non-rational notion of symbol which is also stressed by the Hyvrardian "langue symbolique du marais" (the language of marshes). Also, Jeanne Hyvrard and Jung have in common an eclectic view of the world, in order to account for its wholeness (the Hyvrardian "fusionnel"). Both share the idea that in order to establish a balance within oneself and in the world, the feminine principle has to be fully restored. The second chapter analyzes the elementary aspect of the feminine principle, i.e., the ambivalent mother archetype, sometimes devouring, sometimes nurturing. It includes the negative images of the Gorgon (Medusa), the Moirai, the octopus, as well as the analysis of the metaphor of "engulfing" with the biblical parable of Jonas and the myth of Cronus. The positive elementary character of the Great Mother figure is illustrated by the Cretean snake and dove goddess, and the myths of Noah and Demeter. Those symbolical choices, conscious and/or unconscious, are part of the "Collective Unconscious" and link Jeanne Hyvrard with the Universal. The third chapter examines the dynamic aspect of the feminine principle. Here again, there is a negative element to it which leads to madness, and the problem of expressing insanity in the language of reason is raised. In its positive expression, the transformational feminine is achieved through "la langue du marais," a symbolical language, rather inclusive than exclusive. This "language" is close to the controversial notion of feminine writing, in the way it emphasizes difference rather than separation, the language of the body, and the symbol of the "spiral" to convey a new feminine way of thinking as well as writing. In order to illustrate, symbolically, the importance of the feminine in her search for a new language, Jeanne Hyvrard has chosen three biblical stories: the parable of the fig tree (the champion of the feminine) and the vine (the plant of the patriarchal god); the myth of Abel and Cain (respectively the feminine and the masculine principles) and the one of Genesis (with an emphasis on the irreducible character of Lilith). Nevertheless, the ultimate goal of Jeanne Hvyrard's quest is not the feminine but the "fusionnel" (a world of fusion, of totality) which corresponds to the Jungian concept of "self". The fourth chapter shows how similar Jungian and Hyvrardian symbolisms are, when it comes to the illustration of the self/ "fusionnel." Alchemy and its complex network of symbols (the biblical flood, "le jeu de l'oie," the Tarot) are shown to be an outstanding example of their affinity. The conclusion underlines the fact that the "individuation process" is a lifelong adventure and in her longing for totality, Jeanne Hyvrard's next landmark stage is "la pensee-corps" (the body-mind). / Arts, Faculty of / French, Hispanic, and Italian Studies, Department of / Graduate

La presente investigación teórica representa un intento de introducir algunas de las teorías de la psicología transpersonal en el ámbito académico chileno y, llenando un vacío existente, hacer sus contenidos accesibles a quien se encuentre interesado en conocer algunos de sus planteamientos específicos. Con ello, esta investigación puede ser considerada una continuación y ampliación de un esfuerzo que fue iniciado, entre otros, por los trabajos de Susana Bustos y Francisca Román (1981), Cecilia Severino (2002), Leila Jorquera (2002) y Fabiola Durán (2003). La distingue de estas tentativas previas el hecho de que, aunque la psicología transpersonal como tal o algunos de sus aspectos han sido abordados con anterioridad en estudios académicos, aún no existe un estudio que enfoque y explore específica y especialmente su faceta como teoría que da cuenta del desarrollo psíquico del ser humano.

The purpose of this thesis was to explore how alchemy has influenced Carlos Estevez’s work through a study of the symbolic repertoire and the philosophical concepts associated with it in his art, particularly how these are expressed in his artworks and how alchemy has evolved thematically in his oeuvre. The study of alchemy influenced this artist so deeply that even pieces that were not primarily inspired by this philosophical system show traces of it, essentially by representing the concept of transformation, crucial to understanding the alchemical process. This thesis is based on Carl Gustav Jung’s idea of metaphysical transformation as one of the main aspects of alchemy, and on his theory of active imagination as a tool to represent thoughts through artworks. Alchemy transformed Estevez’s art, and by extension the way he approaches life, making him conscious of the importance of transmutation and alchemical concepts.

In the decades following the Peace of Westphalia the foundations of what many consider modern diplomacy were formed. These foundations have been a popular topic for many historians, and extensive work has been made on Diplomatic Theory, and the ideals of what a diplomat should be within the field of new diplomatic history. However, the practices, performativity and persona of the diplomats still needs a deeper level of study, which is the main purpose behind this thesis. This thesis investigates the diplomatic practices in the early 18th century through the correspondence of a controversial Swedish diplomat by the name of Carl Gyllenborg. The controversy surrounding him was because of his involvement with a Jacobite plot to restore the house of Stuart on the British throne, which ultimately failed, called The Swedish Plot. By analysing his correspondence with another ambassador, Erik Sparre, the institutional, material and communicational practices of an early modern diplomat emerge.  What this thesis shows is the way Gyllenborg navigated both the expectations and obstacles inflicted upon diplomatic practices. Some of the obstacles he faced was neglect from his sovereign, which included a lack of a letter of credence, being considered an enemy at his assigned court, and lacking finances to fund his life as an ambassador. He managed to navigate these although lacking the necessities stated by Diplomatic Theory. Gyllenborg’s story brings too light the complexity of early modern diplomatic life which has been lacking in previous research.

Saab Dynamics is a division of Swedish company Saab AB, offering solutions, products, and services for military defence. Included in the Saab Dynamics portfolio is the Carl-Gustaf recoilless rifle; a man-portable, reusable, anti-tank weapon system. Another Saab produced system is the Trackfire Remote Weapon Station; a remotely operated weapon and sensor system, purposed for use on all types of military platforms. Armoured vehicles used by the Swedish Armed Forces are sometimes equipped with remote weapon stations that aim to provide the vehicle crew with protection, by allowing them to operate the weapons from inside the vehicle. These weapon stations can integrate a selection of different weapons, but there are currently no systems in operation that allow integration of the Carl-Gustaf system. This project was initiated based on a request from the Life Guards, for an integrating system between the Carl-Gustaf M4 and a remote weapon station. The project was conducted at Saab Dynamics, Karlskoga, in cooperation with Karlstad University, and aimed to generate suggestions of vehicle integration between the Carl-Gustaf M4 and a remote weapon station. The project was performed as a product development process, using a systematic method for construction and design to develop concept solutions of an integrating system between Carl-Gustaf M4 barrels, and the Trackfire RWS. The report includes a literature study, performed during a feasibility study, on the three systems: Carl-Gustaf weapon system, remote weapon stations, and wheeled armoured vehicles. Recoil principles and interior ballistics of recoilless rifles are further explained and applied to the study. The feasibility study resulted in a specification of requirements, which was used as a foundation for the concept development.  Concepts of solutions were generated and eliminated using a brainstorming session, a morphological matrix, elimination matrices, and decision matrices. One concept was chosen as the final concept solution; a concept comprised of a construction that enables integration of four Carl-Gustaf M4 barrels on the Trackfire RWS, while dampening the recoil that comes from firing a gun. The construction was modelled and analysed using 3D design and engineering platform 3DExperience. Analyses revealed a strong construction that withstands forces arising when a weapon is operated, yet further analyses on how the construction would manage subjection to long-term vehicle vibration and weapon operation are required. Construction dimension optimisations are encouraged, as well as further development of construction details. Recommendations and suggestions on how to proceed with the system integration are provided as a final part of the report. / Saab Dynamics är en division i svenska företaget Saab AB, som erbjuder lösningar, produkter och tjänster för militärt försvar. Inkluderat i Saab Dynamics porfolio finns granatgevär Carl-Gustaf; ett bärbart, återanvändbart pansarvärnsvapen. Ett annat Saab-producerat system är Trackfire Remote Weapon Station; ett fjärrstyrt vapen- och sensorsystem, ämnat för användning på alla typer av militärplattformar. Pansarfordon som används av Försvarsmakten är ibland utrustade med fjärrstyrda vapenstationer som skyddar fordonsbesättningen genom att låta dem manövrera vapnen inifrån fordonet. Dessa vapenstationer kan integrera ett urval av olika vapen, men för närvarande finns det inget system i drift som tillåter integrering av Carl-Gustaf systemet.  Detta projekt initierades baserat på en begäran från Livgardet, om ett integrerande system mellan Carl-Gustaf M4 och en fjärrstyrd vapenstation. Projektet utfördes på Saab Dynamics Karlskoga, i samarbete med Karlstads universitet, och syftade till att generera förslag på fordonsintegrering mellan Carl-Gustaf M4 och en fjärrstyrd vapenstation. Projektet utfördes som en produktutvecklingsprocess, och använde en systematisk metod för konstruktion och design för att utveckla konceptlösningar för ett integrerande system mellan Carl-Gustaf M4 eldrör och Trackfire RWS. Rapporten inkluderar en litteraturstudie, som utfördes under en förstudie, om de tre systemen: Carl-Gustaf granatgevär, fjärrstyrda vapenstationer och hjuldrivna pansarfordon. Rekylprinciper och inre ballistik hos granatgevär förklaras vidare och appliceras i studien. Förstudien resulterade i en kravspecifikation, som användes som grund för konceptutvecklingen. Konceptlösningar genererades och eliminerades genom användning av en brainstorming session, en morfologisk matris, elimineringsmatriser och beslutsmatriser. Ett koncept valdes ut som den slutliga lösningen; ett koncept bestående av en konstruktion som möjliggör integrering av fyra Carl-Gustaf M4 eldrör på Trackfire RWS, samtidigt som den dämpar rekylen som uppstår vid skjutning av ett eldrör. Konstruktionen modellerades och analyserades i 3D-design- och teknikplattformen 3DExperience. Analyser avslöjade en stark konstruktion som motstår de krafter som uppstår vid användning av ett granatgevär, dock är fortsatta analyser av hur konstruktionen skulle klara att utsättas för fordonsvibrationer och gevärsanvändning under en längre period nödvändiga. Optimering av konstruktionsdimensioner uppmuntras, så som fortsatt utveckling av konstruktionsdetaljer. Rekommendationer och förslag på hur arbetet med systemintegrationen kan fortsättas presenteras i slutet av rapporten.