O tema da presente dissertação consiste na análise do processo de construção da identidade de Amaranta, personagem da obra Cem anos de solidão, de Gabriel García Márquez. Serão observados, nesse sentido, os aspectos relacionados à identidade feminina voltada à representação da mulher e à fragmentação do sujeito no contexto fantástico da obra, assim como na verificação da reprodução de noções de regionalidade dentro dessa perspectiva. A estrutura do trabalho é composta por aspectos como, corporalidade da personagem, desenvolvimento do duplo em sua trajetória, opção pelo celibato, construção da maternidade e configuração da memória na velhice. Para tanto, servirão como aporte teórico os estudos sobre identidade e cultura, gênero e crítica feminista, regionalidade. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-07-04T12:36:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Gerusa Bondan.pdf: 1281672 bytes, checksum: 2a2ce53a88bac0f2d8d1861c9d4840d0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-04T12:36:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Gerusa Bondan.pdf: 1281672 bytes, checksum: 2a2ce53a88bac0f2d8d1861c9d4840d0 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The subject of this dissertation is the analysis of the identity construction process of Amaranta, character of the book One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Marquez. Aspects of the female identity related with woman representation and the fragmentation of the subject within the fantastic context of the book, as well as regional characteristics inside this perspective, are analyzed in this work. The structure of the present text is composed of several aspects, including the character corporality, the development of the double in her trajectory, her option for celibacy, the construction of motherhood, and the memory configuration during her old age. Studies about identity and culture, gender and feminist critics, and regionalism will be used as theoretical support for that analysis.

Orientador: Susani Silveira Lemos França / Banca: Maria Cristina Correia Leandro Pereira / Banca: Adriana Maria de Souza Zierer / Resumo: Até o início do século XIV, a escrita cronística esteve, na Inglaterra, predominantemente sob a responsabilidade das casas religiosas. A partir desse século, entretanto, o domínio da escrita deixa de estar apenas sob domínio dos scriptoria monacais e a pena passa lentamente também para a mão de indivíduos ligados ao mundo laico. Nessa altura, é possível notar certo deslocamento na forma de se fazer a história, pois as preocupações desses homens ligados ao poder laico trazem ao centro da história escrita um tema que se sobrepõe a todos os outros: a guerra, nomeadamente aquela contra escoceses e franceses. Se antes o maravilhoso e as ações divinas entremeavam tais narrativas, os temas que passam a predominar são aqueles ligados à organização e à realização das atividades bélicas, bem como à atuação da nobreza. Assim, a pesquisa inquire tanto sobre os mecanismos empregados pelos cronistas na tentativa de garantir a credibilidade de seus relatos quanto acerca das funções que a escrita cronística trecentista desempenhou para a nobiliarquia contemporânea, cujas ações descreveu. Tendo em vista esses objetivos, foram tomadas como objetos de análise as crônicas de cunho secular compostas por Geoffrey le Baker, Jean le Bel e Thomas Gray, homens sem aparente contato entre si mas que partilharam concepções e ideais sobre a conduta e as finalidades guerreiras. Quando cotejadas entre si e com outros documentos coetâneos, as crônicas, entretanto, não apenas tratam da guerra, mas a partir dela oferecem um quadro daquilo que merecia memória no reino da Inglaterra nos primeiros tempos da Guerra dos Cem Anos / Abstract: Until the beginning of fourteeth century, chronicle writing in England prevailed under the responsability of religious houses. From this century onwards, however, the ability of writing leaves off the monastic scriptoria, and the handling of the feather will be slowly shared with individuals belonging to the lay world. At this point, it is possible to observe the shifting in the ways of writing history, as the preoccupations of men linked to the lay power bring into the center of the written history a theme that overlaps all others: war, namely that fought against Frenchmen and Scots. If the marvellous and divine actions interspersed such narratives, now the prevailing issues are those concerned to organization and effective action in warfare, taking into consideration the performance of noblemen in both moments. Therefor, this research inquires not only about the mechanisms employed by chroniclers in the attempt to ensure trustworthiness to their reports, but in like manner the diverse roles fourteenth-century chronicle writing played to the contemporary nobility, whose actions were portrayed by them. Bearing in mind such goals, we analyzed lay chronicles composed by Geoffrey le Baker, Jean le Bel and Thomas Gray, men apparently without any proximity, but who shared designs and ideals about both warrior behavior and their practices. When those chronicles are collated among themselves and altogher with other contemporary documents, they do not cover war by itself, as from their perspective of the conflict they offer a wider view of what deserved to be remembered in the kingdom of England in the first phases of the Hundred Years War / Mestre

abstract: It has been well established that mitochondria play a critical role in the pathology of Friedreich's Ataxia. This disease is believed to be caused by a deficiency of frataxin, which research suggests is responsible for iron sulfur cluster assembly. This incomplete assembly of iron sulfur clusters is believed to be linked with dysfunctional complexes in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, increased oxidative stress, and potential cell death. Increased understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease has enabled the development of various therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring mitochondrial respiration. This thesis contains an analysis of the biological activity of several classes of antioxidants against oxidative stress induced by diethyl maleate in Friedreich's Ataxia lymphocytes and CEM leukemia cells. Analogues of vitamin E α-tocopherol have been shown to protect cells under oxidative stress. However, these same analogues show various levels of inhibition towards the electron transport chain complex I. Bicyclic pyridinols containing a ten carbon substituent provided favorable cytoprotection. N-hydroxy-4-pyridone compounds were observed to provide little protection. Similarly, analogues of CoQ10 in the form of pyridinol and pyrimidinol compounds also preserved cell viability at low concentrations. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Biochemistry 2012

O tema da presente dissertação consiste na análise do processo de construção da identidade de Amaranta, personagem da obra Cem anos de solidão, de Gabriel García Márquez. Serão observados, nesse sentido, os aspectos relacionados à identidade feminina voltada à representação da mulher e à fragmentação do sujeito no contexto fantástico da obra, assim como na verificação da reprodução de noções de regionalidade dentro dessa perspectiva. A estrutura do trabalho é composta por aspectos como, corporalidade da personagem, desenvolvimento do duplo em sua trajetória, opção pelo celibato, construção da maternidade e configuração da memória na velhice. Para tanto, servirão como aporte teórico os estudos sobre identidade e cultura, gênero e crítica feminista, regionalidade. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The subject of this dissertation is the analysis of the identity construction process of Amaranta, character of the book One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Marquez. Aspects of the female identity related with woman representation and the fragmentation of the subject within the fantastic context of the book, as well as regional characteristics inside this perspective, are analyzed in this work. The structure of the present text is composed of several aspects, including the character corporality, the development of the double in her trajectory, her option for celibacy, the construction of motherhood, and the memory configuration during her old age. Studies about identity and culture, gender and feminist critics, and regionalism will be used as theoretical support for that analysis.

L’équipe de conception de Freescale à Toulouse développe des circuits intégrés dédiés au marché de l’automobile pour des applications châssis, sécurité ou loisir. Les contraintes associées à l’embarquement des circuits sont nombreuses : niveau d’intégration, fiabilité, températures élevées, et compatibilité électromagnétique. Les produits conçus par Freescale intègrent des convertisseurs à découpage pour l’alimentation en énergie des microcontrôleurs. Cette thèse a pour objet l’étude de nouvelles topologies de convertisseur d’énergie pour la baisse de l’encombrement et des perturbations électromagnétiques. La structure multiphase répond à la problématique dans son ensemble. Un prototype est réalisé dans une technologie silicium Freescale haute tension 0.25µm. Le volume des composants externes de filtrage est optimisé et réduit. Les mesures sur le prototype montrent des performances en accord avec les objectifs, et des émissions électromagnétiques particulièrement faibles.

L'augmentation du nombre de fonctions électriques disponibles dans les systèmes embarqués amène de nouvelles contraintes d'encombrement et de masse de leurs alimentations. Pour adresser ces problèmes, la miniaturisation et l'intégration des convertisseurs statiques sont donc des thématiques importantes de recherche qui aboutissent à de nombreuses évolutions technologiques et structurelles dont l'apparition de convertisseurs statiques à fréquence de fonctionnement élevée permettant la réduction des éléments passifs du convertisseurs.Ces avancées s'accompagnent cependant d'une augmentation des niveaux de perturbations électromagnétiques générés par le système. Afin de les diminuer, l'insertion de filtres CEM dans le système est nécessaire. Leurs performances sont fortement liées au contrôle de leurs éléments parasites. Les modèles développés jusqu'à présent concernent pour la plupart les effets conduits et l'évaluation de l'impact des phénomènes rayonnés est souvent ignoré ou au mieux basé sur des modèles simplistes. Un des objectifs de cette thèse est donc d'apporter un degré de complexification plus élevé des modèles de rayonnement des composants magnétiques utilisés dans les filtres CEM, tant par une approche par modélisation numérique que par la mise en oeuvre d'un modèle analytique.Dans un premier temps, une étude poussée du rayonnement magnétique de composants simples, les inductances toriques de mode différentiel, a été réalisée. Cette étude a débouché sur la mise en évidence des paramètres critiques déterminant la topologie du champ magnétique rayonné dans l'environnement proche du composant. Le résultat majeur de cette étude est l'importance de la répartition du bobinage autour du circuit magnétique sur le champ magnétique rayonné. De nouveaux modèles ont été proposés pour permettre la prédiction des champs proches rayonnés pour une gamme de fréquence inférieure à la résonance propre du composant.Par la suite, un modèle analytique fin du rayonnement magnétique des inductances de mode commun a été proposé. Ce modèle permet de déterminer \emph{a priori} le rayonnement magnétique proche du composant. Les études menées par la suite ont permis de relier les effets observés en rayonné au phénomènes conduits qui apparaissent dans ces composants notamment pour expliquer certains effets de transfert de mode (commun/différentiel).Dans une dernière partie, une étude de ces composants en susceptibilité électromagnétique (EM) a été menée. Elle a permis de rendre compte de l'influence d'une onde incidente de champ magnétique sur les composants étudiés et de valider les modèles proposés via une approche basée sur la réciprocité EM: la direction privilégiée de rayonnement est aussi celle de couplage facile pour un champ magnétique externe. / The number of electronic devices in embedded systems is constantly increasing and their contribution to volume and weight is a major concern. In order to solve these issues, a large research effort is devoted to volume reduction and power converters' integration. This lead to constant technological evolution including the appearance of high frequency power electronic converters allowing the reduction of the volume of passive components.However, due to the increase of operating frequencies and the minimization of inter-components distances, the electromagnetic radiations generated by these systems become more important. In order to decrease this interference, EMI filters are often necessary. Their performances are often related to the value of parasitic elements in the filter which must therefore be controlled. Nonetheless most of the existing models focus on conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) and the impact of radiated phenomena is often ignored or greatly simplified. This work will therefore focus on developing highly accurate radiation models for magnetic components commonly used in EMI filters using both numeric and analytic tools.First, the magnetic fields radiated by differential mode (MD) toroidal coils, which belong to the basic magnetic components, will be thoroughly studied. This study highlighted the critical parameters determining the near-field topology. The main result is the discovery of the impact of the winding's layout around the magnetic core on the radiated magnetic field. New models have been developed in order to predict the radiated near field.Then, an accurate analytic model of the the magnetic radiation of common-mode (CM) chokes has been developed. It allows the prediction of the magnetic near-field. The application of the model lead to the correlation between radiated phenomena and conducted effects existing in these components. The importance of the winding on CM to DM mode coupling has therefore been highlighted.Finally, the electromagnetic (EM) susceptibility of these components has been studied. This work describes the influence of an external magnetic field on the components and validates the radiation models developed using the principle of EM reciprocity. It has been shown that the easy directions are the same for both the radiated and the coupled phenomena.

This study explores the use of the information theory entropy equation in representations of videos for children. The calculated rates of information in the videos are calibrated to the corresponding perceived rates of information as elicited from the twelve 7 to 10 year old girls who were shown video documents. Entropy measures are calculated for several video elements: set time, set incidence, verbal time, verbal incidence, set constraint, nonverbal dependence, and character appearance. As hypothesized, mechanically calculated entropy measure (CEM) was found to be sufficiently similar to perceived entropy measure (PEM) made by children so that they can be used as useful and predictive elements of representations of children’s videos. The relationships between the CEM and the PEM show that CEM could stand for PEM in order to enrich representations for video documents for this age group. Speculations on transferring the CEM to PEM calibration to different age groups and different document types are made, as well as further implications for the field of information science.

L'industrie aéronautique, dans le cadre de l'avion plus électrique, met en oeuvre le remplacement d'actionneurs pneumatiques ou hydrauliques par des actionneurs électromécaniques. Cela permet de réduire le nombre de réseaux de distribution présents dans l'avion, de faciliter la maintenance et d'améliorer le rendement. Le but final est de réduire la masse et d'améliorer l'efficacité énergétique globale d'un avion pour réduire sa consommation en carburant. Les travaux de ce mémoire de thèse s'inscrivent donc la logique de réduction de la masse des convertisseurs tout en assurant des critères de perturbations CEM (Compatibilité ElectroMagnétique). En effet, les normes CEM sont de plus en plus contraignantes, en particulier les domaines sensibles tel que l'aéronautique. Les filtres CEM sont donc de plus en plus nombreux. Dans ces filtres, les composants magnétiques occupent plus de 50 % de la place et surtout de la masse. L'objectif de cette thèse est de faire émerger des solutions innovantes, en dotant les filtres CEM passifs d'un composant magnétique unique pour les perturbations de mode conduites afin de réduire sa masse. Afin de comprendre leur fonctionnement, suite à une étude bibliographique, nous avons réalisé une étude comparative de topologies à composant magnétique unique. Nous avons développé un outil de modélisation fréquentielle du composant magnétique unique. A partir d'une modélisation <<système>> nous avons pu prendre en compte l'environnement du composant magnétique (Réseau Stabilisateur d'Impédance de Ligne (RSIL), Source de perturbations, Capacités) et une modélisation plus fine des propriétés magnétiques du composant. Grâce à un modèle gyrateur-capacité, nous avons pu prédire les performances du filtre complet dans son environnement et l'optimiser. Cette étude nous a permis de réaliser une topologie de composant magnétique unique plus compacte et plus performante que la topologie existante. Par ailleurs, nous avons démontré la faisabilité de l'intégration sur PCB (Printed Board Circuit) d'alliage nanocristallin en réalisant une autre topologie de composant unique basée sur les mêmes facteurs que la précédente mais intégrée dans un PCB. Les verrous technologiques auxquels nous avons été confrontés et les solutions que nous avons proposées pour les résoudre sont détaillés dans le mémoire. / In the context of the more electric aircraft, the industry replaces pneumatic or/and hydraulic actuators for electromechanicalactuators. The ultimate goal is to reduce the weight and improve the overall energy efficiency of an aircraft to reduce fuelconsumption. This thesis aims the mass reduction converters while providing criteria EMC interference (electromagneticcompatibility). In fact, EMC standards are becoming more stringent, particularly in sensitive areas such as aeronautics. EMCfilters are more numerous. In these filters, the magnetic components have more than 50% of the space and weigth. Theobjective of this thesis is to design innovative EMC filters solutions, using a single magnetic component, to reduce conducted disturbances (common and differential modes). Following a review of the literature, we conducted a comparative study of single magnetic component topologies. We have developed a modeling tool frequency magnetic single component. From a modeling <<system>> we have to take into account the environment of the magnetic component (Impedance Stabilization Network Line (LISN), Source disturbances and capacities) and a finer modeling of magnetic properties of component. With a gyrator-capacitor model, we could predict the performance of the complete filter in its environment and optimize it. This study has allowed us to achieve a unique magnetic topology component more compact and efficient than the existing topology. In addition, we have demonstrated the feasibility of integrating PCB (Printed Circuit Board) of nanocrystalline alloy by performing another single component topology based on the same factors as above but integrated into a PCB. The technological obstacles which we faced and solutions we have proposed to solve them are detailed in the report.

Prolonged and new regional violent conflicts have resulted in the displacement of residents in several countries. The thesis focuses on the people who arrived and applied for asylum in Germany between 2013 and 2016. Aimed to analyse their labour market integration in Germany, the thesis uses micro-data from Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) to decompose the wage gap between refugee workers and native workers in 2018. Coarsened exact matching (CEM) is used to match the characteristics of native workers with refugee workers. Five sets are generated at four different matching levels of covariates. It is found that total wage gap reaches the greatest value in the unmatched set. As the two groups' characteristics getting more and more similar, explained wage gap gradually shrinks until it becomes statistically insignificant. However, discriminatory wage gap exists in all sets and cannot be wiped out even if the characteristics get similar. CEM helps to reduce the heterogeneity between the two groups and provides a more balanced dataset and a non-overestimated labour market discrimination value.

The purpose of this study is to investigate small features in CAD geometries which have high influence on computational time and memory consumption during electromagnetic simulations using CAE software. Computational Electromagnetics (CEM) simulations of complex CAD geometries like passenger cars crash often simulations remain incomplete due to a lot of irrelevant details. The key to eliminating the limitations enumerated above is to remove irrelevant details in CAD geometries within the acceptable margin of accuracy. The maximum 5% percentage of error in accuracy during Computational Electromagnetics (CEM) simulations is compromised. CAD geometry is transferred into CAE geometry. The modification of geometry is done by removing irrelevant details to get optimal mesh and improve the computational time and memory consumption during simulations with ANSA and HYPERMESH software at their best potential. At the end, electromagnetic simulations are done on original and simplified CAD models in CST and in COMSOL. Only magnetic flux density distribution across the modified and unmodified CAD model by cut points 3D on different coordinate positions is analysed. The results are compared with quality of mesh in terms of accuracy and reduction in computational time and memory. The features in CAD geometries are identified, these features can be removed and computational time and memory consumption reduced with minimum loss of accuracy during simulation.