An der großen Zahl an populärwissenschaftlicher und wissenschaftlicher Literatur, den kontinuierlich geführten Debatten und der enormen Vielfalt an Akteuren und Unterstützungsangeboten im Feld der Berufsorientierung ist festzustellen, dass die Übergangsthematik zunehmend an Stellenwert gewinnt. Doch die Schwierigkeiten, die Jugendliche an der Schwelle zwischen Schule und Arbeitswelt haben sowie die Initiierung immer neuer Maßnahmen suggerieren, dass Unterstützungsoptionen bislang unzureichend greifen. Innerhalb der Dissertation wird die Wirksamkeit ausgewählter Interventionen der beruflichen Orientierung evaluiert. Ausgehend vom definitorisch festgeschriebenen Anspruch und darin implizierten Zielsetzungen werden mittels primärstatistischer Datenerhebungen Erkenntnisse zu ihren Effekten gewonnen. Aus den Antworten auf die Frage nach der Leistungsfähigkeit von berufsorientierenden Aktivitäten werden Schlussfolgerungen für didaktisches Handeln und den zugehörigen Handlungsrahmen gezogen. Diese Bilanzierung ist im Fokus maßnahmebezogen und nicht für alle Orientierungsangebote generalisierbar, integriert aber dennoch Impulse zur grundsätzlichen Optimierung von Interventionen.

The thesis explores certain aspects of Zvědavá kamera, a Czechoslovak television journal that belonged among the most progressive pieces of Czechoslovak television journalism in 60-ties. The thesis is based on interviews with 3 of the still living makers of the journal: Otka Bednářová, Vladimír Branislav, and Jaromír Kincl. Based on their testimony, contemporary documents, and available television archive material the main question is being answered as to why Zvědavá kamera was allowed to exist for such a long time despite being politically controversial and why the makers did not face repression much earlier. The most substantial episodes of the journal are being explored in detail, among all Volba povolání (The Choice of Profession) by Otka Bednářová, Spor (Dispute) and Porota (Jury) by Vladimír Branislav and Jaromír Kincl. Based on the presented facts approaches are analyzed the makers took in order to make relatively free television journalism possible within the limits imposed on them by the totalitarian regime.

The goal of this master's thesis "Gender analysis of textbooks" (in relation to choice of profession) is to introduce a gender analysis of three textbooks "Civics Education" used in the 8th grade of primary schools. I focus on presence of gender stereotypes and gender prejudice that could influence a choice of further education of schoolboys and schoolgirls and therefore their choice of future profession. In the thesis I consider the general education system as one of the crucial socialization tool of the society. It represents an institution that keeps power to maintain gender stereotypes and at the same time has got the power to change them. I examine illustrations and texts of mentioned textbooks through gender optics, and using qualitative and quantitative analysis.

It has been determined who the adolescent in the Wolmer community is. An investigation into the adolescent’s relationship with the resources in this area was also done. It was determined that this community has a long history of poverty and that a large percentage of the families living here experience a variety of problems. We refer to them as multi-problem families. It has also been confirmed that social services by various organizations have been delivered on an ongoing base over the past eight years. From the literature we have learned that the use of resource’s aid programmes as means of social support, focusing on families, primary and secondary school learners, should have an impact on the future expectations of the children involved. The aim of this study was to determine what the perception of the grade seven learners of their future expectations was. From this it would then be possible to derive what recommendations should be made with regard to social work programmes for the parents and children in the Wolmer community. Socio-economic problems that are not addressed cause bad school performance and as a result of this children tend to leave school at an early age. Leaving school at an early age evidently leads to conflict with the police, imprisonment and alcohol and drug abuse. These aspects tend to be a part of the life in Wolmer and ultimately have an influence on the child attaining his or her goals as well as on his or her future expectations. These will have to be addressed by appropriate school programmes. The researcher’s knowledge of this community leads her to the conclusion that the absence of parenting by the parents of these children, their lack of involvement, lack of skill to equip their children adequately for life, their own lack of adequate knowledge as well as lack of a proper value system tends to play a huge part in the behaviour and perception of the adolescent of their own future expectation. In the Wolmer community children that are sometimes advised by their parents not to leave school at an early age, question this because of parents leaving school at an early age in order to co-provide for their families. In cases where children do not have the cognitive ability to change their surroundings, they tend to too fall back in the vicious circle known to them and the generations before them. The child must be motivated and idealistic and be able to make realistic decisions. Because of this it is of the utmost importance that children that do not have the ability with regard to the abovementioned are assisted in doing so. Also that aid programs in future be focused on this in order to empower the new generation. Parents have a huge influence on the choices made by their children. Regardless of social standing and ability adolescents usually have higher ideals for themselves when their parents motivate them as well as give recognition to good work. The researcher unfortunately came to realize that the assistance by their parents, are a very rare phenomenon in this community. Out of the two focus groups being held with the adolescents, it seemed a lack of interest by the parents, lack of information on higher education as well as little financial resources, have a huge impact and influence on the future expectation of the adolescent in Wolmer. It would be the ideal situation if adolescents chose a career that suited their abilities, interests and personality and that would promote a higher self-esteem. Because of their circumstances this is not always possible for the adolescents in this community. These happen in vary rare cases because the parent’s expectations for their children usually fit their expectations for themselves, which is usually very low. Peer group pressure and peer group acceptance have a huge impact on taking responsibility and on the making of choices. In order to have future success individuals can use their problem-solving abilities, mobilise their social support system and become involved in skills that will promote their social capability. The above mentioned should be actively addressed by social workers in the development of programs that focuses on social support, problem-solving skills, peer group acceptance, school involvement and socio-economic adaptation off adolescents in die Wolmer community. By determining the future expectations of the youth, programs for the empowerment of them can be implemented in order to assist the adolescents to break away from the vicious circle of poverty and to reach their ideals. The researcher is of the opinion that is has become of the utmost importance for the resources in this community, to assess their role presently in the promoting of future expectations and as an outcome of this the promotion of economic-self sustainability. / Dissertation (MSW) (Play Therapy))--University of Pretoria, 2004. / Social Work and Criminology / Unrestricted

Arbeit umfasst all jene Tätigkeiten, die zum gesellschaftlichen Fortbestand beitragen. Dazu gehört die produktive Arbeit, die gesellschaftlich relevante Güter und Dienstleistungen herstellt ebenso wie die reproduktive Arbeit, die sogenannte Care-Arbeit, die auf den Erhalt des menschlichen Lebens und der Arbeitskraft ausgerichtet ist. In der feministisch orientierten Erforschung von Arbeit wird die Relation zwischen den (Re-)Produktionsverhältnissen und den Geschlechterverhältnissen analysiert.