Background: The city of Manaus, Brazil, has seen two collapses of the health system due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We report anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibody seroconversion rates and associated risk factors in Manaus residents before the second wave of the epidemic in Brazil. Methods: A convenience sample of adult (aged ≥18 years) residents of Manaus was recruited through online and university website advertising into the DETECTCoV-19 study cohort. The current analysis of seroconversion included a subgroup of DETECTCoV-19 participants who had at least two serum sample collections separated by at least 4 weeks between Aug 19 and Oct 2, 2020 (visit 1), and Oct 19 and Nov 27, 2020 (visit 2). Those who reported (or had no data on) having a COVID-19 diagnosis before visit 1, and who were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies at visit 1 were excluded. Using an in-house ELISA, the reactivity index (RI; calculated as the optical density ratio of the sample to the negative control) for serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies was measured at both visits. We calculated the incidence of seroconversion (defined as RI values ≤1·5 at visit 1 and ≥1·5 at visit 2, and a ratio >2 between the visit 2 and visit 1 RI values) during the study period, as well as incidence rate ratios (IRRs) through cluster-corrected and adjusted Poisson regression models to analyse associations between seroconversion and variables related to sociodemographic characteristics, health access, comorbidities, COVID-19 exposure, protective behaviours, and symptoms. Findings: 2496 DETECTCoV-19 cohort participants returned for a follow-up visit between Oct 19 and Nov 27, 2020, of whom 204 reported having COVID-19 before the first visit and 24 had no data regarding previous disease status. 559 participants were seropositive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid IgG antibodies at baseline. Of the remaining 1709 participants who were seronegative at baseline, 71 did not meet the criteria for seroconversion and were excluded from the analyses. Among the remaining 1638 participants who were seronegative at baseline, 214 showed seroconversion at visit 2. The seroconversion incidence was 13·06% (95% CI 11·52–14·79) overall and 6·78% (5·61–8·10) for symptomatic seroconversion, over a median follow-up period of 57 days (IQR 54–61). 48·1% of seroconversion events were estimated to be asymptomatic. The sample had higher proportions of affluent and higher-educated people than those reported for the Manaus city population. In the fully adjusted and corrected model, risk factors for seroconversion before visit 2 were having a COVID-19 case in the household (IRR 1·49 [95% CI 1·21–1·83]), not wearing a mask during contact with a person with COVID-19 (1·25 [1·09–1·45]), relaxation of physical distancing (1·31 [1·05–1·64]), and having flu-like symptoms (1·79 [1·23–2·59]) or a COVID-19 diagnosis (3·57 [2·27–5·63]) between the first and second visits, whereas working remotely was associated with lower incidence (0·74 [0·56–0·97]). Interpretation: An intense infection transmission period preceded the second wave of COVID-19 in Manaus. Several modifiable behaviours increased the risk of seroconversion, including non-compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions measures such as not wearing a mask during contact, relaxation of protective measures, and non-remote working. Increased testing in high-transmission areas is needed to provide timely information about ongoing transmission and aid appropriate implementation of transmission mitigation measures. Funding: Ministry of Education, Brazil; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas; Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/WHO. / World Health Organization / Revisión por pares

Background: This article aims to carry out a review on social prescription and trust regarding the deployment of social benefits in the Elderly Centers (CAM) of the Social Health Security (EsSalud) during the health emergency due to COVID-19. EsSalud in its 126 CAM provides social benefits to older adults, that is, activities for the use of free time that are linked to social prescription; that when the sanitary emergency was decreed they turned to the virtual modality. Experience in the face of the pandemic indicates that trust in institutions varies around the decisions made; helping to maintain it, measures such as transparency, collaboration between stakeholders, among others; Aspects of interest if you want the population to follow the health guidelines provided. In this sense, we propose that social prescription activities can contribute to the improvement of trust, and must carry out binding research for decision-making. / Revisión por pares

Objetive: To describe the prevention and control practices for the infection to SARS-COV2 in the Peruvian population. Material and Methods: Observational descriptive study. We evaluated a non-probabilistic sample of adult residents in some departments of Peru. Preventive practices were evaluated in people without a history of COVID-19 and control practices in people who had suffered it. Results: We evaluated 3630 Peruvians (mean age 25.4 ± 9.5), of that 3231 don't have a history of COVID-19 and 399 who had suffered it. The prevention and control practices that were realized often or always, with more frequencies, was the use of a mask when they go out home (97.9% vs 87.7), cover their nose or mouth when they sneeze (95.4% vs 89.9%), save the distance to other people in the street (91.4% vs 74.7%), wash their hands when they came home (92.5% vs 88.7%), and disinfect the objects and personal places (82.6% vs 77.4%). The 22.1% and 83.7%, the 59.7% and 80.2, and the 8.0% and 16.8% consumed some type of medicine, medicinal plant, and chlorine dioxide to prevent and control the infection, respectively. Conclusion: In general, less than 50% of the participants performed prevention and control practices against COVID-19 often or always. / Revisión por pares

En el Perú la pandemia del COVID-19 conllevó a una cuarentena estricta desde el 15 de marzo, condición que se extendió en la provincia de Arequipa hasta el 17 de setiembre. Esta situación ha producido una serie de cambios ambientales entre los que se encuentra las variaciones en la generación y composición de residuos sólidos domiciliarios, información que a diferencia del impacto de la cuarentena en el agua o el aire no ha sido lo suficientemente recopilada y difundida. En este estudio se presentan los resultados de la caracterización de residuos sólidos domiciliarios realizado por el Equipo Técnico de Residuos Sólidos de la Facultad de Ingeniería Ambiental de la Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería en 8 distritos de la provincia de Arequipa que contó con la participación de 25 hogares. Se recopilaron datos de hábitos de generación y segregación de residuos sólidos y, luego de recibir la capacitación respectiva, los participantes proporcionaron información sobre la cantidad y composición de sus residuos generados durante 7 días (entre el 1 y 7 de setiembre). La generación per cápita del estudio fue 0.373 kg/hab./día, este valor es menor al provincial de Arequipa (0.49 kg/hab./día) lo que puede explicarse por una disminución en la capacidad de adquisición de las familias durante la cuarentena. En la composición de residuos resalta el alto porcentaje de sobras de comida (15.53%) que puede deberse a un aumento en la frecuencia con la que se cocina, mayor cantidad de alimentos preparados, almacenamiento inadecuado o un exceso en la cantidad de alimentos comprados.

Purpose: To report a case of COVID-19 presenting with acute psychosis, without the hallmark respiratory symptoms of fever, cough, and shortness of breath associated with the novel virus. Case Summary: A 58 year-old male presented with acute psychosis and no symptoms associated with COVID-19. He denied fever, chills, chest pain, shortness of breath, or gastrointestinal symptoms. The patient had a medical history of coronary artery disease, chronic hepatitis C, polysubstance abuse (including cocaine and alcohol), liver disease, anxiety, and panic disorder. Patient was confused, disruptive, unable to communicate, and admitted to hallucinations. Prior to transfer to a psychiatric facility, the patient developed a cough, triggering COVID-19 testing and a positive result. He was initially treated with hydroxychloroquine before this was discontinued. The patient was treated with haloperidol and lorazepam before returning to baseline. He was discharged home with continued isolation. Conclusion: Acute psychosis, with or without other symptoms, appears to be a potential presentation of COVID-19 and should be considered by clinicians as a possible presenting manifestation. Other coronaviruses appear to have also been linked to neurological manifestations, including psychosis. Neurological manifestations of the virus vary widely, but have been reported multiple times. Treatment, as shown in this case report, appears to be supportive and symptom based for the associated psychotic symptoms. Optimal antiviral treatment is still yet to be clearly defined, as research continues on how to best treat the virus itself.

Denna studie ämnar tillföra kunskap kring nyanställdas upplevelser av arbetsplatsintroduktion på distans. Detta redogörs genom frågeställningarna “Hur upplever anställda att introduktionen på distans påverkar socialiseringen in i organisationen?”, “Hur har den digitala introduktionen påverkat anpassningen till den nya yrkesrollen?” och “Har anställda upplevt några brister eller svagheter i och med sin digitala introducering på distans?”. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ ansats som präglas av semistrukturerade intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod. Informanterna som intervjuats påbörjade sin anställning för mellan sex till åtta månader sedan. På grund av pandemin Covid-19 har informanterna introducerats och arbetat på distans. Studien tar upp en konkret genomgång av det teoretiska ramverk som vi valt att använda oss av vilket berör Van Maanen och Scheins teori om socialiseringsstrategier. Dessa strategier beskrivs i Michael Kramers (2010) bok Organizational Socialization.  Strategierna är uppdelade i sex olika kategorier: grupp och individuell, formella och informella, sekventiella och slumpmässiga, fast och varierande, seriell och disjunktiv samt avyttring och investeringsstrategin. Vi redogör sedan för den metod som används och hur vi åstadkommit vårt empiriska material. I resultatavsnittet redogörs informanternas subjektiva erfarenheter och åsikter kring arbetsplatsintroduktion på distans. Där framkommer bland annat svårigheter vad gäller att socialiseras in i sin nya yrkesroll och i organisationen i stort på grund av brister i förutsättningarna att skapa relationer. Resultatet synliggör det faktum att en genomtänkt arbetsplatsintroduktion är av stor betydelse för att de nyanställda skall få en så bra start som möjligt, framförallt när den sker på distans. Av resultatet följer sedan en analys med hjälp av det teoretiska ramverket för att koppla samman socialiseringsstrategierna med det empiriska materialet. Analysen diskuteras slutligen i diskussionsavsnittet med hjälp av tidigare forskning och återigen det teoretiska ramverket.

Objetivo: Conocer las percepciones sobre cambios en la actividad física y el consumo de frutas ricas en vitamina C durante la pandemia por el COVID 19, en estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima. Diseño: Es un estudio cualitativo con un diseño de investigación fenomenológica. La fenomenología es un estudio que busca comprender experiencias vividas por el individuo (17,18,19).

No description available.

This study is about how the Covid-19 pandemic has changed Karlstads University’s students’movement pattern. The study will review how the Corona pandemic has changed humans and its movementpatterns. It will go through the definition of movement patterns and the kind of movementpatterns there are; necessary, voluntary and social. The study will also go through whatmeans of transport are and what kind of means of transport there are available. The questionswe have chosen to investigate are about whether Karlstads University’s students’ movementpatterns and means of transport have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, from before2too during the pandemic. The research method chosen for the study is a quantitative methodin the form of a survey. This was researched by analyzing the survey that was sent or handedout to Karlstads University’s second-, third-, fourth- and fifth-year students, i.e. students whostudied before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The choice of means of transport has been shown to have a socio-economic factor, which isclarified with previous research. Other factors that affect the choice of means of transport andstudent’s movement patterns are fear and emotion-driven behaviors. The pandemic hasaffected public transport severely as other means of transport are preferred over buses ortrains. Students travel less on the necessary, voluntary and social trips. This leads to a reducedmovement pattern and that the students feel more isolated than they did before the pandemic. The study analysis demonstrates that the theory that something as influential as a pandemiccan change people’s movement patterns. This was seen mainly in the survey responses whereKarlstads University’s students showed a smaller movement pattern and a fear of travellingdue to the risk of infection spreading or falling ill. Another leading factor in the reducedmovement pattern for students is the Swedish Public Health Agency’s recommendationswhere they urge people to travel less if the journey is not necessary. The schools have movedto distance learning, which means that the students no longer need to be on site.

Bakgrund: COVID-19 är ett virus som fick sin spridning år 2019 i Wuhan, Kina. Detta virus fick snabbt spridning till många delar av världen och fastställdes senare som en pandemi. Att som sjuksköterska arbeta på sjukhus med patienter som drabbats av detta virus kan vara både givande och utmanande. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa sjuksköterskors upplevelser vid vård av patienter med COVID- 19 på sjukhus. Metod: En litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ design. PubMed och CINAHL var databaserna som användes. Totalt baseras resultatet på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar och en manifest analys av artiklarna har genomförts. Resultat: Resultatet resulterade i tre kategorier och sex subkategorier och dessa var: En betydande roll med subkategorierna: Att möta utmaningar i vårdandet och att övervinna utmaningar i vårdandet. En ny arbetsmiljö med subkategorierna: Att känna rädsla för att bli smittad och Att arbeta med Isolerade patienter. Utmaningar avseende skyddsutrustning och kommunikation med subkategorierna: Att känna sig begränsad i användandet av skyddsutrustningen och Att känna en barriär i kommunikationen. Diskussion: Huvudfynden diskuterades i förhållande till sjuksköterskan Florence Nightingale och personcentrerad vård. Att vårda dessa patienter ansågs medföra olika utmaningar men trots det kunde de se ett värde i vården de gav. Slutsats: Denna litteraturöversikt kan ge en förståelse för vad sjuksköterskorna behöver för att kunna genomföra en god vård och vad som skulle behöva utvecklas för att detta ska kunna ske. Att belysa detta utifrån sjuksköterskornas perspektiv är av vikt för att de ska känna sig förstådda. / <p>2023-03-23</p>