Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-07-26T12:19:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Raul Afonso Cumbe.pdf: 5669703 bytes, checksum: f84b627f0b0dfc427ad3f3553572da7e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-26T12:19:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Raul Afonso Cumbe.pdf: 5669703 bytes, checksum: f84b627f0b0dfc427ad3f3553572da7e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-18 / CNPq / O LADM - Modelo de Domínio em Administração de Terras é um padrão internacional de domínio espacial para administração de terras, desenvolvido pela ISO/TC 211. A ISO 19.152 - LADM propõe um esquema conceitual para modelagem de cadastro territorial com foco em DRR - Direitos, Restrições e Responsabilidades que afetam a terra, água e seus componentes geoespaciais. O objetivo da norma é de melhorar a comunicação através de padrões conceituais em Administração de Terras, permitindo a interoperabilidade de dados entre as diferentes partes envolvidas em níveis local, nacional e internacional, além de estimular o design de softwares de implementação dos sistemas de informação territoriais capazes de evoluir ao encontro das necessidades dos usuários. O LADM serve de uma base a partir da qual cada país desenvolve seu modelo específico. A pesquisa teve como objetivo desenvolver um modelo conceitual, baseado no padrão do LADM, para a implementação de Cadastros Territoriais Multifinalitários Urbanos em Moçambique. Partiu-se da hipótese de que, ao dotar as administrações urbanas de bases de dados geoespaciais de qualidade, estas contribuirão para garantir o acesso à terra, segurança da propriedade e como apoio a qualquer aplicação geoespacial dentro das suas jurisdições. Buscou-se compreender os mecanismos modernos na estruturação de um cadastro multifinalitário, e então, analisar a flexibilidade do LADM no atendimento às particularidades da realidade moçambicana. A partir desse entendimento, o trabalho propõe um modelo conceitual capaz de apoiar a implementação de cadastros territoriais urbanos, de maneira que todas as etapas do processo sejam harmonizadas ou alinhadas em uma diretriz nacional, com um suporte tecnológico e treinamento sistemático que proporcione um funcionamento adequado dos serviços públicos de cadastro. A pesquisa utilizou o método de estudo de caso, através do qual foi feita a modelagem de análise do sistema utilizando a linguagem UML, possibilitando a modelagem de projeto do sistema orientado à implementação de uma base de dados relacional a partir da herança da estrutura do LADM e do modelo de análise que retrata a realidade do País. A implementação física foi realizada no PostgreSQL em conexão com VP-UML. O gerenciamento dos dados amostrais foi realizado com a conexão do PostgreSQL/PostGIS e o QGIS. A validação do modelo foi testada utilizando-se o banco de dados cadastrais do Município de Maputo, Bairo Polana Cimento - A. Os resultados demonstraram a viabilidade da aplicação do modelo para a estruturação de cadastros urbanos em Moçambique. / LADM - Land Administration Domain Model is an international standard developed by ISO/ TC 211. ISO 19152 - LADM proposes a conceptual framework for cadastre modeling focusing on RRR - Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities that affect land, water and their geospatial components. The purpose of the standard is to improve communication through conceptual patterns in Land Administration, enabling interoperability of data between the different parties involved at the local, national and international, in addition to stimulating the implementation of software design of land information systems capable of evolving to meet the needs of users. The LADM serves as a base from which each country develops its particular model. The research aimed to develop a conceptual model based on the LADM standard for the Mozambique's Multipurpose Urban Cadastres. We started from the hypothesis that, to provide quality geospatial databases for the urban administrations, it could, contribute to ensure the access to land, property security and support for any geospatial application within their jurisdictions. It was required to understand the modern mechanisms in structuring a multipurpose cadastral system, and then analyze the flexibility of LADM in meeting the particularities of the Mozambican reality. Based on this understanding, this research proposes the development of a conceptual model able to support the implementation of urban cadastres, so that all stages of the process are harmonized and aligned in a national guideline for a technological and systematic training support to provide proper operation of cadastral services. This research used the case study method, by which it was made the system analysis modeling using UML, allowing the modeling-oriented implementation system design of a relational database from the legacy of the LADM structure and the analysis model that depicts the reality of the country. The physical implementation was held in PostgreSQL in connection with VP-UML. The management of sample data was carried out with the connection PostgreSQL/PostGIS and QGIS. The validation Model was tested using the cadastral database of Maputo City, Bairo Polana Cimento - A. The results demonstrated the feasibility of applying the model for the structuring of urban cadastres in Mozambique.

Les Comores sont un archipel de quatre îles situé dans l’Océan Indien à l’entrée nord du canal de Mozambique. Ce fut une colonie française jusqu’en 1975 date à laquelle elle a accédé à son indépendance. La mixité des systèmes juridiques applicables semble être à l’origine du marasme juridico institutionnel qui secoue le pays depuis son indépendance. En effet, les deux systèmes juridiques musulman et français sont venus se superposer au droit traditionnel local. Au départ, ces systèmes se sont fondus dans les pratiques locales, mais vont, par la suite, considérer que ces coutumes ne peuvent pas coexister avec les institutions d’un Etat moderne. Or, l’histoire récente montre que l’ignorance ou le mépris de la tradition et de son système de régulation sociale compromet les réformes sociales engagées par l’action publique car elle n’a pas l’adhésion de la société. Le droit foncier comorien est confronté également à cette pluralité juridique. Il est à l’origine des conflits fonciers qui gangrènent la société. Les villageois, les familles et même l’Etat se trouvent au centre de ces conflits. L’appareil judiciaire censé les régler est paralysé par son organisation complexe, l’insuffisance de ses moyens, mais surtout par une corruption généralisée. L’absence d’un droit positif unifié contribue à une insécurité juridique.Plusieurs tentatives de stabilisation ont échoué depuis l’époque coloniale, mais des réformes récentes, comme la législation OHADA et celle relative à l’organisation judiciaire (loi n° 05-016/AU), présentent un gage d’espoir. / The Comoros is an archipelago of four islands in the Indian Ocean at the northern entrance of the Mozambique Channel. It was a French colony until 1975 when it gained its independence. The mix of applicable legal systems seems to be the origin of the legal and institutional stagnation gripping the country since its independence. Indeed, both Muslim and French legal systems have been superimposed local traditional law. Initially, these systems were merged into local practices, but will thereafter be considered that these customs can not coexist with the institutions of a modern state. But recent history shows that ignorance or contempt for tradition and its system of social regulation undermines social reforms introduced by the prosecution because it has no support from society. Comorian land law is also facing this legal pluralism. Itis the origin of land conflicts that plague society. The villagers, families and even the state are at the center of these conflicts. The judiciary is supposed to adjust paralyzed by its complex organization, its lack of resources, but also by widespread corruption. The lack of a unified positive law contributes to legal uncertainty. Several failed attempts to stabilize since the colonial era, but recent reforms, such as the OHADA legislation and that relating to the Judicature (Act No. 05-016 / AU), have a sign of hope.

The study of geological and geotechnical characteristics of the slopes and indication of eviction those considered high risk geotechnically, can prevent tragedies caused by landslides materials. This dissertation was the main objective of evaluate the landslide risk due to urban occupation on the slope of strand west hill Cechela located in the Bela Vista village of the municipality of Santa Maria-RS. The methodology applied in this work consisted in review of the literature, field investigations, laboratory tests for characterization and determination of the resistance parameters of the soil layers, survey report of the intervention area, registration of housing under conditions of high risk to landslides, stability analysis of the slope of strand west hill Cechela and comparison of risk observed with that presented in the Municipal Plan of Reducing Risks of Santa Maria (PMRRSM). The results of inspection report are: the hillside with slopes greater than 30% is located in area not suited to urban occupation; there are deposits of small thickness colluviums situated directly on the substrate sandstone bedrock of the formation Botucatu; the most significant processes of instability on the slope are the landslides planar shallow colluvial soils. The register of homes indicates that if not done containment works two houses should be removed. The results of direct shear tests indicated that the increase of humidity and saturation degree cancels the cohesive intercept and significantly reduces the angle of internal friction of colluvium and sandstone. However, under natural conditions no saturation occurs due to the local geological conditions. The stability analysis with the use of software obtained safety factors (FS) of 1.40 and 2.57 for profiles of 07 and 17 HOUSES, showing that the slopes of the hill are stable. The landslide risk observed in the study area is less than that indicated in the PMRRSM. This work shows that must be constructed surface drainage devices and/or containment of the soil near the House 07 and 17 sites and suggests that today's families are kept in the slope of strand west hill Cechela. It is noteworthy that the village community Bela Vista should be instructed with relevant information to the identification of risks and the municipal plan risks should be reviewed. / O estudo das características geológicas e geotécnicas de encostas e indicação de desocupação daquelas consideradas geotecnicamente de alto risco, podem evitar tragédias causadas por deslizamentos de materiais. Esta dissertação de mestrado teve o objetivo principal de avaliar o risco a escorregamentos na encosta da vertente oeste do morro Cechela devido à ocupação urbana localizada na vila Bela Vista do município de Santa Maria-RS. A metodologia aplicada neste trabalho consistiu no levantamento bibliográfico, investigações de campo, ensaios laboratoriais para a caracterização e determinação dos parâmetros de resistência das camadas dos solos, laudo de vistoria da área de intervenção, cadastro das moradias em condições de risco elevado a escorregamentos, análise de estabilidade da encosta da vertente oeste do morro Cechela e comparação do risco observado com aquele apresentado no Plano Municipal de Redução de Riscos de Santa Maria (PMRRSM). Os resultados do laudo de vistoria são: a encosta com declividades superiores a 30% está localizada em área não adequada à ocupação urbana; existem depósitos de colúvios de pequena espessura situados diretamente sobre substrato rochoso arenítico da formação Botucatu; os processos de instabilização mais significativos na encosta são os escorregamentos planares de solos coluvionares rasos. O cadastro das moradias indica que se não forem executadas obras de contenção duas casas deverão ser removidas. Os resultados dos ensaios de cisalhamento direto indicaram que o aumento da umidade e grau de saturação anula o intercepto coesivo e reduz significativamente o ângulo de atrito interno do colúvio e do arenito. No entanto, nas condições naturais não ocorre a saturação devido a condições geológicas do local. As análises de estabilidade com o uso de software obtiveram fatores de segurança (FS) de 1,40 e de 2,57 para os perfis das CASAS 07 e 17, evidenciando que os taludes da encosta são estáveis. O risco a escorregamentos observado na área em estudo é menor do que aquele indicado no PMRRSM. Este trabalho evidencia que devem ser construídos dispositivos de drenagem superficial e/ou de contenção do solo junto aos locais da CASA 07 e 17 e sugere que as atuais famílias sejam mantidas na encosta da vertente oeste do morro Cechela. Destaca-se que a comunidade da vila Bela Vista deve ser instruída com informações relevantes para a identificação de riscos e que o plano municipal de riscos deve ser revisto.

La commune de Plozévet est située à l’extrémité sud-ouest de la Bretagne, au bord de la baie d’Audierne. Son parler breton conserve des formes archaïques révélant une ancienne continuité méridionale qui allait des bords de la baie d’Audierne au Vannetais, continuité perceptible dans certains aspects de la phonologie, de la morphologie et du lexique. Il garde également des traits communs aux trois presqu’îles occidentales (Léon, Crozon, Cap Sizun et Cap Caval), caractéristiques aussi de la périphérie du domaine bretonnant.Mais des innovations, venues d’abord du centre de ce domaine (région de Carhaix), puis du Léon, toutes diffusées par Quimper, ont brisé ces anciennes continuités. Ce parler présente bien sûr des traits communs à tout le sud-ouest de la Cornouaille, mais aussi des spécificités : ainsi, la réalisation [-ŋ] des groupes historiques « -r n » et « -l n », l’ouverture du second élément de la diphtongue /ew/ en /ea/, réalisée [eaɔ] en finale absolue, la prédilection pour les syllabes composées de voyelle brève suivie de consonne forte, y compris dans les monosyllabes, et aussi la neutralisation de l’opposition entre les morphèmes des deuxièmes personnes du singulier et du pluriel. L’étude du lexique breton du cadastre napoléonien (1828) révèle que, si certains lexèmes sont tombés en désuétude, le parler a peu évolué au cours des XIXe et XXe siècles. Au XIXe siècle, les maires de Plozévet ont réclamé des maîtres d’école, d’abord pour enseigner le français aux enfants, qui ne savaient que le breton. Celui-ci est resté la langue la plus parlée jusque dans les années 1960, mais a ensuite très vite décliné / The commune of Plozévet is situated at the south-western tip of Brittany, on the shore of the « baie d’ Audierne ».The spoken Breton of Plozévet has kept archaic features suggesting a former continuity stretching from the shores of the « baie d’ Audierne » to the Vannetais area, perceptible in some aspects of its phonology, morphology and lexis. It has also kept some characteristics common to the three western peninsulas (Léon, Crozon, Cap Sizun and Cap Caval), also peculiar to the periphery of Celticspeaking Brittany.But some innovations coming from the central zone (Carhaix region), and then from Léon, filtered through Quimper and brought these former continuities to an end.The spoken Breton of Plozévet obviously shares many features with the rest of southwestern Cornouaille, but also has some distinctive characteristics: thus, the groups «-r n » and « –l n » pronounced [ŋ], the opening of the second element of the diphthong /ew/ into /ea/, pronounced [eaɔ] in absolute final position, a predilection for syllables composed of a short vowel followed by a fortis consonant, in monosyllables too, and also the neutralization of the opposition between themorphemes of the second persons singular and plural.The study of the Breton vocabulary contained in the so-called Napoleonic cadastre (1828) reveals that, although some of the lexemes have become obsolete, the language evolved but little during the 19th and 20th centuries.In the 19th century, the mayors of Plozévet asked for schoolmasters, above all to teach French to the children, who only knew Breton. Breton was spoken more than French until the 1960’s, but then declined rapidly.

This thesis is focused on the risks arising from the data recorded in the cadastre of real estate and legislation related to the cadastre. Introductory chapters are devoted to the definition of risk for the purposes of this work and of basic terms in response to the changes brought by the new Civil Code. A brief historical overview coupled to the cadastre and description of the basic principles of the cadastre is complemented by context resulting from the integration with information systems of public administration. The merit of the work is dedicated to risks arising from the principles of the cadastre, historical circumstances, the importance and obligatory force of the registered data and their accuracy. Among the major factors influencing the risks associated with trade in real estate can be classified in particular, the evidence of ownership of itself and fulfilling the principle of publicity material, the question of the acreage recorded in cadastre, providing access to the property or existence of the simplified register. The work is enriched by concrete examples from practice that show errors and possible solutions.

Due to great importance of real estate for each single economics the leadership and administration of the Real Estate Cadastre (Cadastre) was entrusted to the state, i. e. to particular government bodies, in the Czech Republic. This public list is so subject to public inspection all the time. Registered and provided details must be of highest quality, proceedings should be as quick as possible and this list should also provide the highest protection of those details. That is why the author decided to pay attention to the role of state in the evidence and dispose of real estate. This thesis focuses so on conclusion and further specification of the most important administrative proceedings in the field of Cadastre. The author wants to clarify their process and focuses mainly on their deviations from Administrative Procedure Code as well as on the changes that the Act Nr. 256/2013 Coll., on the Cadastre of Real Estate (Cadastral Act) has brought till 1. 1. 2014. That is why the author captures more types of proceedings in his thesis which can be encountered on the section of Cadastre to show that there really exist more types of proceedings and otherwise that not all of them can be identified as an administrative proceeding. That is why the thesis includes the comparison of those types of proceedings...

In recent years a Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS)-network of more than 50 reference stations (with more on the way) have been set up extending over the whole southern African country of Botswana. This has opened up for new and improved possibilities of implementing the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technique in surveying practice. Cadastral surveying, the demarcation and registration of plots in a land registry, in Botswana is characterised by non-uniform methods with the lack of standardised documents. Authorities in Botswana already include the GNSS technique in the cadastre process but guidelines remain to be formulated. This research aims to establish a suggestion to new guidelines for GNSS measurements in cadastral surveying in Botswana by adapting international guidelines to Botswana use. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with personnel at different surveying institutions in Botswana together with a literature study of three existing international guidelines and scientific articles concerning GNSS and cadastral surveying. The international guidelines of choice were from Sweden, Australia and the United Kingdom (UK). During the process a thorough review of challenges and potentials of introducing new guidelines were. The results show that the surveying community in Botswana is facing several challenges at the moment. The challenges was categorised within three groups. The first group named ‘challenges related to the lack of standards’ contains challenges such as the lack of unity throughout the sector and the fact that it is difficult to refer to what is right and wrong. The second group, ‘technological challenges’, contains challenges such as infrastructural faults and the shortage of modern instruments. The last group of challenges ‘institutional challenges’ describes problems associated to inadequate cooperation and resistance towards change. There are also several potentials to talk about that Botswana would be able take part of if guidelines were introduced. Among them were improved educational systems and consistency within the sector. / Under de senaste åren har ett stödsystem för satellitpositionering satts upp i ett nätverk av mer än 50 referensstationer (med fler på väg) runt om i Botswana i södra Afrika. Detta har öppnat upp för nya och förbättrade möjligheter att implementera satellitnavigation i lantmäteriutövning. Fastighetsregistrering, det vill säga utmarkering och registrering av tomter i ett register, i Botswana kännetecknas av icke-konsekventa metoder reglerade av bristfälliga riktlinjer. Myndigheter i Botswana använder redan satellitnavigation inom fastighetsregistrering men riktlinjer inom ämnet återstår att formuleras. Målet med den här uppsatsen är att etablera ett förslag till riktlinjer för tillämpningen av satellitnavigering inom fastighetsregistrering i Botswana genom att anpassa internationella riktlinjer till en Botswansk version. Data till den här undersökningen samlades in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer som hölls med personal från olika aktörer inom lantmäterisektorn i Botswana ihop med en litteraturstudie av tre redan existerande internationella riktlinjer och vetenskapliga artiklar inom satellitnavigering och fastighetsregistrering. De valda riktlinjerna kom från Sverige, Australien och Storbritannien. Under arbetets gång gjordes en utförlig redogörelse av utmaningar och potentialer som är relaterade till introduktionen av nya riktlinjer. Resultaten visade att lantmäterisektorn i Botswana står inför flera utmatningar. Dessa grupperades efter tre sorters utmaningar. Första gruppen döptes till ”utmaningar relaterade till bristen av riktlinjer” och innehöll utmaning som dålig enhetlighet inom sektorn och att det är omöjligt att referera till vad som är rätt och fel inom mätning. Andra gruppen, ”teknologiska utmaningar”, innehöll utmaningar som undermålig infrastruktur och avsaknaden av tillräckligt många moderna instrument. Sista gruppen av utmaningar ”institutionella utmaningar” beskriver problem som är associerade till bristfälligt samarbete och motstånd mot förändring. Det finns även flera potentialer att prata om som Botswana skulle kunna ta del av om riktlinjer skulle bli introducerade. Bland dessa var ett förbättrat utbildningsystem och enhetlighet inom sektorn. / Minor Field Study, SIDA

(in English): The diploma thesis follows up on the prior attempts to introduce and make available a unique historical source called the inspection protocol of the Theresian Cadastre for Prague towns from 1725 to 1726. This thesis focuses on the New Town, but in some cases it also compares the obtained data with the Old Town and Lesser Town. The theoretical part discusses a whole range of questions that can be answered based on the New Town inspection protocol. The questions include the total number of houses or their division by taxation, house prices as well as occupation and income of homeowners. The houses exterior is evaluated based on the building condition, the material used and the number of storeys. It is possible to study the size of areas that are not built on thanks to an accurate register of garden size. Moreover, this part also concentrates on beer brewing and consumption in New Town pubs. The small scope of the theoretical part is compensated by a content-rich appendix (database), which is in fact an edition of the source in a nontraditional form. It is intended for all scholars interested in Prague residential buildings in the Baroque period. The data from the inspection protocol can be used to compile a history of individual buildings and to study the demographic, social, economic...

This thesis deals with the renewal of the cadastre documentation by mapping. It is analysing all stages of the reconstruction. These stages have been demonstrated on a sketch of cadastral area of Senetářov. On the basis of acquired results a digital cadastral map has been drawed up in the programme of MicroGEOS Nautil by automated techniques.

The aim of the master's thesis is to describe the map products of the State Administration of Land Surveying and Cadastre and their applicability in planning the Land consolidation. This master's thesis consists of two parts. In literary research are explained basic terms and describe all the map series, administered by the State Administration of Land Surveying and Cadastre. There are described contents and possibilities of using individual maps, including their availability. In practical part of master's thesis are describes the maps used in the Land consolidation from different viewpoints.